Pham Thi Thu KT43B KT43B-067-1620 Report: Book review Hot, Flat, and Crowded Why we need a green revolution – and how it can renew America The book is a continuation of the famous work "Flat World" by author Thomas L Friedman - who has won the Pulitzer Prize three times for his contributions in the field of journalism on international, environmental issues, events involving war zones, terrorist threats The reason I chose the book is: Firstly, I am really interested in the economic development process of the country called the No.1 power of the world Does America's economy always look as glamorous as it is to the world? Secondly, the book addresses a very important issue, which is the impact of the environment and the issue of climate change on the global economy At the time of the book's release in 2008, the world hardly paid any attention to this issue I wanted to understand the author's vision and the solutions he offered, about how he said he wanted to get the country out of the "wrong path" and hold on to the leading position The book consists of parts: Part 1: where we are? Part 2: why are we here? Part 3: How are we going? Part 4: China Part 5: America Thomas opens the first part with the title chapter 1: "Where the birds don't fly over," the author compares the picture of the new US consulate in the military zone of Istanbul, Turkey after the September 11 event Despite solidity, flying birds not fall, but not unlike a prison, it is an image of a United States that is shrinking, defying the world after the growth of terrorism As such, the United States will not be able to continue to play an important role with the world for so long - a country that is at the forefront of facing challenges We are in trouble, the world is in trouble, and so is America The biggest difficulties of the world today are encapsulated in three words as the title of the work: Hot – Flat – Crowded Hot: The world's unstoppable dependence on fossil fuels is heating the Earth and creating long-term implications for natural and environmental recovery Flat: Technological advances connect the world and people and create a community that is much more seamless and seamless than before However, the increasing pressure on energy, minerals, water, and forest products will ignite an unprecedented fierce struggle among countries Crowded: The world population is growing very fast, by 2053, the United Nations predicts billion people will live The number of giants added will make land reclamation, deforestation, overfishing, scarce water and pollution, etc become more and more severe and out of control Not to mention that the lack of jobs will lead to social instability and violence erupt in many places According to Thomas's summation, combining the three elements that are rising to the top of the world: Hot, Flat, and Crowded, the present world is facing five major problems that are surpassing the limit that has never been witnessed in history: Supply and demand of energy and resources: Thomas thinks that there are too many 'Americans' with 'American enjoyment of life' in the world The population growth along with the outstanding economic growth of many hot economies in the world such as China, Russia, India, are creating a force of residents with high levels of enjoyment, consume energy, and emit CO2 as much as Americans In the book, he writes that when looking at the growth of Doha and Dalian (China), he is concerned because we may not be able to cope with the problem of climate change in time with the rapid growth Dread of many super cities in the world However, he knew the solution could not be in keeping with the wealth of mankind but in directing the development of countries towards a more sustainable way The dominant role of oil: American oil addiction affects not only climate change but also changes the world in many difficult ways, such as promoting the power of extreme Islamic trends and terrorism; providing abundant funding for activities that go against basic moral values in Russia, Latin America and elsewhere; promote the global chaotic energy struggle Thomas emphasized the link between oil and Islam in history and between the present situation It is an endless source of money from the sale of "black gold" that the Middle Eastern Islamist rhetoric spans from openness, extrovert, and on the path of development towards liberalization into a conservative, introverted, distant Islam, violence, and hostility Climate change: many natural disasters continue to occur, and climate change is becoming increasingly apparent At the time Thomas wrote this work, he cited many alarming real numbers and the reasons for us to underestimate this In addition, there are more frightening facts that we have never known such as the methane hazard (CH4) from the tundra strip in the Arctic When the permafrost in the mudflats of this area is dissolved, most of the carbon here (accounting for one third of the total carbon in the earth worldwide) will quickly turn into methane Because methane is stronger than CO2, a huge amount of methane escaping will be equivalent to billions of tons of CO2 released and extremely tragically affecting the habitat on Earth Energy poverty: the poorest countries in the world will suffer the worst when the hot-flat world makes it easier for the rich and poor division to expand; High energy pressures lead to a severe shortage of basic energy sources for the world's poorest neighborhoods, making their prospects of escaping poverty and destiny becoming increasingly obscure Biodiversity loss: 'As more and more species are threatened with extinction due to the wave of economic development in the world, we may be the first generation in human history to Noah And we ourselves are responsible for the cataclysm we caused We are the flood We are the asteroids that hit Earth We better learn how to build boats' Thomas wrote the chapter for biodiversity loss with a title "Late is the end" Thomas points out that the world is entering the Age of Energy and Climate and that is the greatest challenge of global humanity today in the 21st century He offers a hope, a way for mankind to name "Green Code" (Green Code) He sees these challenges as both a challenge and an opportunity for humanity to transform itself into a new era, the pressure for people to change their way of life to maintain and to harmonize with the environment He predicts that if invested and developed in the right direction, many new technologies and solutions will develop and expand rapidly to replace the technology and sources of pollution energy He wrote: 'We have overcome the limits of energy supply and demand issues, the dominant role of oil, climate change, energy poverty, and biodiversity loss No more shockproof cushions, there is no place to hide, no green fields to litter, no ocean to overfish, no endless forests to cut We have entered the stage where the effects of lifestyle on the planet's climate and biodiversity are no longer "exogenous" that can be ignored or limited The environment account is currently empty Cannot choose to pay for now or later We have to pay now, or there is no 'later' " The environment account is currently empty Cannot choose to pay for now or later We have to pay now, or there is no 'later' " The environment account is currently empty Cannot choose to pay for now or later We have to pay now, or there is no 'later' " Thomas did not make a separate revolution but built a comprehensive revolution, knocked out the old system and built a whole new system Because according to him: 'if you not break the old system and replace it with a new system, all you have to is limit it As Rose says: "Optimizing each component only leads to changes Small change, optimizing the whole system will bring about a completely "ecosystem" Three components of the clean energy system include: Creating clean electricity: For clean electricity generation, Thomas thinks it is necessary to maintain both short and long-term innovations Short-term innovation by applying existing technologies such as photovoltaics, wind, thermoelectricity, solar power, so that they are more abundant, more reliable, and cheaper Long-term innovation by strengthening the number of government-funded research and building markets for clean industries, so the probability of creating unexpected laboratory and experimental breakthroughs is high more and faster Continuous improvement in energy and resource efficiency: Find better ways to grow but use less electricity and less input from forests, water, and land To achieve this goal, it is necessary to focus on improving the design of houses, products, household appliances, household appliances so that they are smarter and more creative At the same time continuously improve the standard of fuel use of each product to ensure we can still ensure comfort but consume less resources Enhancing environmental protection: "It is important to end the trend of seeing Earth and natural resources as our sole right to use for the needs, wants, and ambitions We need to create new habits, new attitudes in consumption " During the "Green Code" revolution, Thomas emphasized the importance of state planning and policy making Law policies will be the leader to bring the revolution in the right, clear, and fast way Without proper policies, the "Green Code" revolution will be stagnant, stagnant, and time consuming for our little capital in the period of need to change urgently "Green Code is the place where politics, climate, energy, and technology come together," he said He pointed out that the biggest challenge here is to knock out the current mindset to promote total improvement One of the most interesting chapters of the work is "Energy Internet: When IT meets ET" (Internet energy: When IT meets ET) This is also the current development trend, using an increasingly developed IoT system to monitor and apply solutions to improve performance If you read carefully about Tesla's current development system, we can recognize many similarities in Tesla's solutions and Thomas's proposed ideas: using IT to measure and control electrical energy Consumption, automatic shutdown system operates in idle mode, plans charging in low-consumption hours, etc Thomas offers very bold and intelligent ideas in building a control and boost system Smart energy efficiency: SBB box integrates the entire control system, at the same time ensuring the link between service equipment and energy use; automobile type RESU - energy storage device; Energy Internet where every device has a microprocessor circuit, through SBB directly informs the power company about the amount of energy consumed by households to plan to optimize energy use; "Daily Power Trading" program where you can choose and plan to automatically buy electricity at the best prices on the market Thomas' ideas are collected from many programs and projects currently, however, the sad thing is that after nearly a decade, only a few ideas in there are gradually forming through SBB informs the electricity company directly about the amount of energy consumed by households to plan to optimize energy use; "Daily Power Trading" program where you can choose and plan to automatically buy electricity at the best prices on the market Thomas's ideas are collected from many programs and projects currently, however, the sad thing is that after nearly a decade, only a few ideas in there are gradually forming through SBB informs the electricity company directly about the amount of energy consumed by households to plan to optimize energy use; "Daily Power Trading" program where you can choose and plan to automatically buy electricity at the best prices on the market Thomas' ideas are collected from many programs and projects currently, however, the sad thing is that after nearly a decade, only a few ideas in there are gradually forming In the conclusion of the work, Thomas writes: "Americans need to redefine how to live green, to rediscover America, when we that we will rediscover ourselves and understand what Americans mean "All Americans will become Pilgrims They will board a new Mayflower ship They have never been to this coast If we not understand that, we will really become threatened creatures." But if you dare to face the challenge, and become a true recovery generation, that is, redefining the green life, rediscovering, restoring and regenerating America, the United States and the whole world will not only exist but continue to grow in the era of Hot, Flat and Crowded " ... the top of the world: Hot, Flat, and Crowded, the present world is facing five major problems that are surpassing the limit that has never been witnessed in history: Supply and demand of energy... enjoyment of life' in the world The population growth along with the outstanding economic growth of many hot economies in the world such as China, Russia, India, are creating a force of residents... force of residents with high levels of enjoyment, consume energy, and emit CO2 as much as Americans In the book, he writes that when looking at the growth of Doha and Dalian (China), he is concerned