The passive voice - Active: Mr Smith taught English. - Passive: English was taught by Mr Smith. I/ Qui tắc: 1. Tân ngữ chủ động (active object)-chủ ngữ bị động (pasive subject). 2. Động từ bị động ( pasive verb). Be + past participle * Nếu động từ chủ động (active verb) ở thì Simple present hoặc Simple past, thì dạng của động từ bị động là: Am, Is, Are + Past Participle. Was, Were Ex: 1. John delivers the newspapers every morning. - The newspapers are delivered by John every morning. 2. My mother wrote that letter. - That letter was written by my mother. * Nếu động từ chủ động ở thì Present Continuous hoặc Past Continuous thì dạng động từ bị động sẽ là: Am, Is, Are + Being + Past Participle. Was, Were Ex: 1. He is asking me a lot of questions. - I am being asked a lot of questions. 2. She was doing her homework at that time. - Her homework was being done at that time. * Nếu động từ chủ động ở thì Present Perfect hoặc Past Perfect, thì dạng động từ bị động là: Have, Has, Had + Been + Past Participle. Ex: 1. She has given me some presents on my birthday. - I have been given some presents on my birthday by her. 2. They had prepared a dinner before we came. - A dinner had been prepared before we came. * Nếu động từ chủ động dùng với Model verbs (can, will, shall, must, have to, use to, ) thì dạng động từ bị động là: Model verbs + Be + Past Participle. Ex: 1. My friend can answer the questions. - The questions can be answered by my friend. 2. The manager should sign these contracts today. - These contracts should be signed by the manager. 3.Chủ ngữ chủ động (active subject)-BY + tân ngữ bị động. Chú ý: (me, you, her, them, us, people, someone, nên bỏ khỏi câu bị động nếu không muốn nêu rõ tác nhân. Ghi chú: - Nếu câu chủ động có các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn thì đặt chúng trớc By + tân ngữ bị động. Ex: The police found him the forest. + He was found in the forest by the police. - Nếu câu chủ động có các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn thì đặt chúng sau By + tân ngữ bị động. Ex: My parents are going to buy a car tomorrow. + A car is going to be bought by my parents tomorrow. - Nếu động từ chủ động có hai tân ngữ, một trong hai tân ngữ có thể dùng làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động. Ex: She gave her sister the car. + Her sister was given the car. + The car was given to her sister. II/ Exercise : Chuyển các câu sau sang thể bị động. 1. The teacher explains the lesson. - The lesson is explained by the teacher. 2. Mrs Green is cooking the food in the kichen. - The food is being cooked in the kichen by Mrs Green. 3. The doctor examined the patients. - The patients are examined by the doctor 4. These boys made that noise. - That noise was made by these boys. 5. People speak English all over the world. - English is spoken all over the world. 6. He gave him back the money last Sunday. - He was given the money back last Sunday. 7. I cant do these exercises quikly. - These exercises cant be done quikly. 8. She had finished the report by noon. - The report had been finished by noon. 9. The movie has disappointed us very much. - We have been disappointed very much by the movie. 10. They havr to pay the bill before the first of the month. - The bill has to be paid before the first of the month. 11. They will ask you several questions. - You will be asked several questions. 12. The police are holding him for further questioning. - He is being held for further questioning by the police. 13. My parents promised me a bicycle two days ago. - I was promised a bicycle by my parents two days ago. 14. Somebody has locked the box and can’t open it. - The box has been locked and can’t be opened. 15. They had eaten all the dinner before they finished the conversation. - All the dinner had been eaten before the conversation was finished. 16. Did the clown make you laugh a lot last night ? - Were you made to laugh a lot by the clown last night ? 17. I want you to do this work now. - I want this work to be done now. 18. He shouldn’t do that silly thing. - That silly thing should not be done. 19. People must hand in their weapons. - Their weapons must be handed in. 20. Somebody calls the president every morning. - The president is called every morning. The end . very much by the movie. 10. They havr to pay the bill before the first of the month. - The bill has to be paid before the first of the month. 11. They will. has locked the box and can’t open it. - The box has been locked and can’t be opened. 15. They had eaten all the dinner before they finished the conversation.