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TOEFL TEST STRATEGIES - 3rd Edition - Eli Hinkel, Ph.D - Giúp đẩy mạnh của bạn troong việc nói Tiếng Anh - Hiểu được những cấu trúc và ngữ pháp trong Tiếng Anh - Cải thiện kỹ năng đọc-hiểu Tiếng Anh - Giúp bạn tăng vốn hiểu biết về nhiều lỉnh vực trong cuộc sồng - Giúp bạn DỄ DÀNG THI LẤY CHỨNG CHỈ TOEFL
OEFL TEST STRATEGIE with Practice Third E n Tests Eli Hinkel, Ph.D METHODS YOU CAN MASTER * to strengthen your skills in understanding spoken English * to understand structure and the rules of written English * to improve your reading comprehension © to expand your vocabulary s to enhance your writing skills And to your best on the Test of English as a Foreign Language SPECIAL FEATURES List of idioms and preparation for the Test of Written English Eight TOEFL practice tests with answer keys A tutorial for the Computer-Based TOEFL '®TOEFL is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service This publication has been neither reviewed nor endorsed by Educational Testing Service, '© Copyright 2004, 1998, 1994 by Eli Hinkel All rights reserved, No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of the copyright owner All inquiries should be addressed to: Barron's Educational Series, Inc 250 Wireless Boulevard Hauppauge, New York 11788 hup://eww.barronseduc.com ‘TOEFL answer sheets are reprinted by permission of Educational Testing Service, the copyright owner No endorsement of this publication by Educational Testing Service should be inferred, Library of Congress Catalog Card No.: 2003060506 ISBN-13: ISBN-10: ISBN-13: ISBN-10; 978-0-7641-7745-3 (Book and CDs Package) 0-7641-7745-1 (Book and CDs Package) 978-0-7641-2342-9 (Book only) 0-7641-2342-4 (Book only) brary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hinkel, Bl TOEFL strategies / Eli Hinkel — 3rd ed p cm ISBN 0-7641-2342-4 — ISBN 0-7641-7745-1 (book with Audio CDs) Test of English as a Foreign Language-—Study guides English language—Textbooks for foreign speakers English language—Examinations—Study guides Tile PE1128.H46 2004 428',0076—de22 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 9876 2003060506 Contents About the TOEFL About the Computer TOEFL Strategies for Listening Comprehension 15 Practice for Listening Comprehension 35 Supplement to Listening Practice 43 Idioms in Daily Conversation 43 List of Idioms and Two- or Three-Word Verbs Frequently Used on the TOEFL 43 Strategies for Structure and Written Expression Practice for Structure and Written Expression Strategies for Reading Comprehension Practice for Reading Comprehension Test of Written English Practice TOEFL 165 Practice TOEFL 191 Practice TOEFL 215 Practice TOEFL 239 Practice TOEFL 263 Practice TOEFL 287 Practice TOEFL 313 Practice TOEFL 339 51 71 103 117 143 Appendix moo ‘A Tapescript for Chapter 4: Listening Comprehension 365 ‘Tapescripts for Practice TOEFL Tests 1-8 375 Scoring Practice Tests 435 Answer Keys 440 Answer Sheets 455 Thie one III IIII IIII IIII IIII KTLK-280-O6RD Preface TOEFL Strategies is intended for students who are preparing for the TOEFL as it is adminis- tered in the United States or at international sites Teachers of TOEFL preparation courses will also find this book an invaluable asset in addressing students’ needs and providing realistic exercises for practice This book is based on research on the TOEFL between 1980 and 2003 It provides the most up-to-date test information available on the market today ‘The questions, sentences, vocabulary, and texts from dozens of tests were classified according to the linguistic categories the questions were designed to test, the correct responses, the distractors, and the topics Most TOEFL technical reports and other materials published by Educational Testing Service (ETS) were examined and applied to the research TOEFL Strategies provides updated information on these changes as well as computations of the frequency with which certain structures and reading selections appear on the test Furthermore, this book includes strategies and practice for all three required TOEFL sections: Listening Comprehension, Structure and Written Expression, and Reading Comprehension The exercises differ from the practice tests in an important way The exercises contain TOEFL-like questions focusing on one structure or question type at a time For example, one exercise centers on sentences that test active/passive voice discrimination On the other hand, in the practice tests all structures tested on the TOEFL are included in the same proportions as on the actual test In addition to the computed frequencies of the various TOEFL questions, Chapter 5, “Strategies for Structure and Written Expression,” also incorporates linguistic sentence analysis that allows both students and teachers to utilize the regularities of English syntax to their best advantage The long-term benefits of sentence and phrase analysis can extend beyond preparation for the TOEFL Heightened awareness of English syntax and phrase structure can raise students’ overall proficiency in reading, writing, and aural comprehension Chapter 1, “About the TOEFL,” provides a brief description of the test and general strategies for taking the TOEFL Chapter provides a tutorial with strategies specifically for the ComputerBased Test (CBT) Chapters and 7, “Strategies for Listening Comprehension” and “Strategies for Reading Comprehension,” include both TOEFL-specific tasks and methods of sentence and text analysis to improve aural comprehension and reading skills The text analysis method of preparing for the TOEFL relies on discrimination between the primary and secondary information contained in a text, and the ways in which such elements as negations, comparisons, and conditionals affect the meaning of a sentence or passage The book contains a strategies and a practice chapter for each of the TOEFL sections: Listening Comprehension, Structure and Written Expression, and Reading Comprehension As for the Test of Written English (TWE), Chapter includes an analysis of topics used on the TWE in the past, examples of good and poor essays, and strategies for obtaining the best possible score on this portion of the test The eight practice tests provide students with ample test-taking and learning experience The exercises for the three TOEFL sections and the sizable number of model tests allow the students and/or the teacher to choose the particular types of work that can best meet diverse student training needs and expectations If the teacher wishes, some of the exercises and practice tests can be assigned as homework or as independent study to supplement the course text This resource of sufficient training materials offers teachers flexibility in meeting the test preparation requirements of a student audience whose test-preparation and language learning v 2Ð You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this, book 2Ð You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this, book 2Ð You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this, book ABOUT THE TOEFL time thinking about it, Many students who take the TOEFL lose time on questions in the Listening Comprehension section and not finish their Structure and Writen Expression and Reading Comprehension sections, Use your knowledge of English and your understanding of the TOEFL to make the best guesses possible It is very important to remember that in all three sections the choices (B) and (C) are correct 60-65 percent of the time, Answer (A) is correct only about 15-20 percent of the time and (D) about 20-25 percent This book provides you with man effective strategies for guessing the answers on the test Test Differences Although the TOEFL designers try to make all tests of equal difficulty, this is not always possible However, differences in test difficulty are eliminated statistically by means of complica ed mathematical operations, so that a given test score indicates a specific level of proficiency regardless of the difficulty of the test Tests can differ in length, as well Some contain 150 questions, and others 200 questions For all tests, only 150 questions count in the score The other 50 questions are administered by ETS to uy out new materials before including them in future tests However, since te takers not know which questions count and which not, they have to try their best on all of them The disadvantage of taking a 200-question test is that test-takers tend to get tired during a longer test and may not as well as on the shorter version, The 150-question tests take approximately hours; the 200-question tests take about hours, The TOEFL Now and in the Future Currently, the TOEFL is required by almost alll colleges and universities in the United States and some Canadian institutions In addition, the TOEFL is required by many state and government agencies that license foreign professionals, such as medical doctors, dentists, and nurses, These institutions use TOEFL scores to evaluate your English language proficiency and to determine whether your language skills are sufficient for you to well in American academic and professional settings In the past few years, many professionals in American education have expressed concerns as to whether a TOEFL score can provide a good indication of one's success in academic institutions in the United States To deal with these concerns, ETS has added another section to the traditional TO! format: the Test of Written English Although the TWE is not included as a part of every TOEFL administration, the number of tests that include the TWE has been increa ing over the years, Chapter explains how the TWE is administered It also suggests strategies for successful preparation for this part of the TOEFL, analyzes good and poor sample essays, and offers writing topics for practice Because simply adding the TWE to the basic TOEFL did not satisfy a large number of pro- fessionals in the teaching of English as a Second Language (ESL) and in universities where many foreign students pursue their studies, ETS has initiated a program to revise the test The goal of this program, which is called New Generation TOEFL, is to change the test layout and the materials included in the test by the end of the year 2005, ETS plans to continue to make changes in the TOEFL in the next few years Beginning in 2001, ETS introduced computer-based TOEFL tests These tests are currently offered in North America, some countries in Latin America and Europe, some centers in Australia, and a few Asian countries By the year 2005, ETS plans for most TOEFL testing to be computer-based The New Generation TOEFL will continue to test Listening Comprehension, Structure and Written Expression, and Reading Comprehension, although the form of the questions may 2Ð You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this, book 2Ð You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this, book ... Test of Written English Practice TOEFL 165 Practice TOEFL 191 Practice TOEFL 215 Practice TOEFL 239 Practice TOEFL 263 Practice TOEFL 287 Practice TOEFL 313 Practice TOEFL 339 51 71 103 117 143 Appendix... practice tests all structures tested on the TOEFL are included in the same proportions as on the actual test In addition to the computed frequencies of the various TOEFL questions, Chapter 5, ? ?Strategies. .. description of the test and general strategies for taking the TOEFL Chapter provides a tutorial with strategies specifically for the ComputerBased Test (CBT) Chapters and 7, ? ?Strategies for Listening