PART E: LANGUAGE FOCUS I PRONUNCIATION /w/ and /j/ II GRAMMAR Gerund and Present Participle Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle I PRONUNCIATION /w/ /j/ we wheel yes west wet yellow use wine whale young years York Practice reading aloud these sentences II GRAMMAR Gerund and Present Participle Exercise 1: Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate gerund of the verbs from the box spend start behave bend wait meet park listen Example: He found that parking was difficult in that city spend start behave bend wait meet park listen 1- I have no objection to _ to your story again listening 2- Touch your toes without _ your knees! 3- You should be ashamed of yourself for _ so badly bending 4- I am looking forward to _ you behaving 5- You can’t prevent him from his own money 6- Would you mind for a moment? meeting 7- In spite of _ late, we arrived in time spending waiting starting Gerund can be used in the following ways As subject of sentence (in example) As complement of a verb After prepositions (in number 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7) After certain verbs ( in number 6) In noun compounds Exercise 2: Complete of the following sentence with an appropriate present participle of the verb from the box lie modernize rise try shop read pass burn Example: I saw him my house  I saw him passing my house prepare lie rise modernize try shop read pass burn prepare She smelt something and saw burning smoke _ rising If she catches you her diary, she’ll be furious reading The found a tree across the road I’m going this afternoon He doesn’t spend much time lying his lessons shopping They wasted the whole afternoon _ to repair the preparing bike They spend a lot of money the house trying modernizing Some of the uses of present participle After verbs of sensation (see, hear, feel, smell, listen to, notice, watch) After catch/ find/ leave + O After go/ come/ spend/ waste/ be busy To replace a clause E.g He entered the room and saw a stranger  Entering the room, he saw a stranger Comments: The difference between gerund and present participle: • Gerund: (V-ing) used as a noun equivalent • Present Participle: (V-ing) more like a verb or an adjective Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle • used instead of a gerund/ participle when we want to emphasize the completion of the action (having + p.p.) Gerund We are happy about your completing all your assignments Participle Finishing the work, they went home Perfect Gerund We are happy about your having completed all your assignments Perfect Participle Having finished the work, they went home Exercise 3: Put the verb in brackets into the perfect gerund or perfect participle Example: He was accused of _ (desert) his ship two months ago He was accused of having deserted his ship two months ago having made (make) private calls on the I object to him _ office phone  PERFECT GERUND Having been (be) his own boss for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders from another  PERFECT PARTICIPLE They denied _ having been (be) there  PERFECT GERUND Having tied (tie) one end of the rope to his bed, he threw the other end out of the window  PERFECT PARTICIPLE Having _ read (read) the instruction, he snatched up the fire extinguisher  PERFECT PARTICIPLE The children admitted _ having taken (take) the money  PERFECT GERUND HOMEWORK - Do the exercises in the textbook again - Write sentences using gerund and sentences using participle ...PART E: LANGUAGE FOCUS I PRONUNCIATION /w/ and /j/ II GRAMMAR Gerund and Present Participle Perfect Gerund and... your toes without _ your knees! 3- You should be ashamed of yourself for _ so badly bending 4- I am looking forward to _ you behaving 5- You can’t prevent him from his own money 6-... subject of sentence (in example) As complement of a verb After prepositions (in number 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7) After certain verbs ( in number 6) In noun compounds Exercise 2: Complete of the following