MOCK TEST 2016 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks PIRANHAS Scientists in the UK have announced that the piranha fish’s reputation (1) a fearsome (2) may well not be deserved The fish, which is found in the Amazon in Brazil, have been portrayed as (3) carnivores that work in shoals to overwhelm their prey and strip it of its flesh in seconds However, (4) from St Andrews University say that piranhas are omnivores that mainly eat fish, plants, and insects They form big groups not to hunt but to defend (5) against other predators, according to the team “Previously it was thought piranhas shoaled as it (6) them to form a cooperative hunting group,” said Professor Anne Magurran “However, we have found that it is primarily a defensive (7) .” Piranhas can be attacked by animals such as dolphins, caimans, and large fish, so forming a shoal is a good way of (8) being killed Piranhas of (9) age stay in the middle of the group for (10) and the size of the shoal differs according to the level of risk 1.A: as though B: as C: as if D: since 2.A: murder B: killer C: murderer D: kill 3.A: died B: deathly C: dead D: deadly 4.A: experts B: expert C: expertise D: expectant 5.A: them B: it C: itself D: themselves 6.A: able B: enabled C: enable D: ables 7.A: behavior B: behave C: misbehaviors D: misbehavior 8.A: prevent B: avoid C: avoiding D: preventing 9.A: reproductively B: reproductive C: reproduce D: reproduction 10.A: protect B: protective C: protection D: protecting Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions 11.Since it lives in the desert, the collared lizard depends on insects for water as well as for food A: feeds B: drinks C: eats D: dies 12.The antique collector must be able to distinguish real antiques from later imitations, which can be either reproductions or fakes A: dishonest B: untrue C: invalid D: fake Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions 13.Prolonged fasting is an extremely effective, though not necessarily desirable, way to lose weight in a hurry A: postponed B: little C: extended D: time-consuming 14.A liquid does not reach its boiling point to evaporate completely A: fluid B: juice C: moist D: damp 15.Nest building is much less common among mammals than among birds A: decorating B: selling C: buying D: making Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions 16.Today, many serious childhood illnesses by early immunization A: can prevent B: prevent C: can be prevented D: are preventing 17.This drug is considered the one more lives than any other in the history of medicine A: what has saved B: which has saved C: who saves D: which saved 18.A semiconductor is a substance that hardly conducts electricity, but under some certain circumstances A: so can B: so can C: so can D: can so 19.Jimmy is often referred to at the factory A: as being the best engineer B: as the best engineer C: be the best engineer D: by the president to be the best engineer 20. the surface of metal, but also weakens it A: Rust not only corrodes B: Rust, which not only corrode C: Not only rust corrode D: Not only does rust corrode 21.He’s always been very , so he hates not being able to anything because he’s ill A: active B: loud C: outgoing D: decisive 22.A person’s blood flows through a pipeline of vessels which, end to end, is more than half times as long as the Earth’s equator A: two and B: two and a C: twice and D: twice a 23. in 1776 that the declaration of independence of the US was signed A: It B: There C: There was D: It was 24.- Would you like to visit New York on your vacation? - If I a week off A: would have B: had C: have had D: have 25.Last year advertising rates by 25 percent A: arose B: aroused C: raised D: rose 26.The old bus slowly to a standstill outside the cinema A: whizzed B: clanked C: squeaked D: ground 27.She is taking a course in shorthand and typing with a(n) to applying for the job advertised on the newspaper last week A: project B: intention C: view D: purpose 28.Dave appears some weight Has he been ill? A: having lost B: having been lost C: to have been lost D: to have lost 29.They are in two minds as to how to with these latest problems A: settle B: handle C: tackle D: deal 30. recurring fear is out of proportion to any real danger, it is called a phobia A: Whether B: Which C: Whereas D: When 31.Industrialization has been responsible for most radical of the environmental changes caused by human beings A: a B: the C: ø D: an 32.Unemployment is paid to people who are unable to find any job A: benefit B: security C: money D: service 33.I have absolutely no doubt the innocence of the man A: over B: with C: about D: on 34.It was a stroke of luck that he had always been able to write with hand A: every B: either C: each D: both Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the main stress in each of the following questions 35.A: satellite B: contestant C: interview D: diplomat 36.A: redundancy B: Parisian C: considerate D: agriculture Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions An Australian group named Action Council on Smoking and Health (ACSH) has recently lobbied to make 10 warnings on cigarette packets more graphic The council proposed that striking visual photos of diseased organs should be put on at least 50% of outside packaging, in conjunction with health warnings outlining smoking hazards enumerated in a separate leaflet placed inside the cigarette packet The ACSH claim that bland and ineffectual warnings like “Smoking is a health hazard” currently found on cigarette packets are not nearly sufficient Substituting those inadequate admonitions with explicit photos will provide a powerful visual stimulus to help smokers relinquish their habit The current cautions on cigarette packets have little or no impact on smokers who have grown immune to the warnings that focus on abstract tobacco related risks and illnesses from which smokers can easily disassociate themselves The proposed new tactics would concentrate on the perspective of the individual smoker through a demonstration of what is occurring in his body each time he reaches for a cigarette, rather than a generic cautionary word of advice The ACSH cited the results of recent studies conducted by psychologists at McKean University confirming that evidence related to one’s own experience is more effective at influencing future behavior than a presentation of facts and figures A further rationale for the addition of pictures to cigarette packages is the finding that smokers handle their packets 20 – 30 times a day, on average, thus, if graphic pictures on cigarette packets were introduced, smokers would have 20 – 30 chances to face the harsh reality of what damage they are doing to themselves each time they light up Even more essential than the pictures on the outside label, ACSH strongly advocate including warnings and helpful information in a leaflet inserted into the packet of cigarettes Even an analgesic, ACSH adds, found in every bathroom cabinet has all possible side effects enumerated in the insert How much more imperative is it then when the substance in question is tobacco, a dried weed that contains highly noxious nicotine that society still accepts even though it kills one of every two of its users Fundamentally, what is at stake here is consumer rights Smokers should know what substances they are inhaling, and what damage they are inflicting to their bodies, though surprisingly, even today, many not For this reason alone, the recommendation for more graphic pictures and warnings on cigarette packets, which many seem excessive, is being seriously considered 37.It can be inferred from the passage that A: smokers look at their cigarette packages each time they take out a cigarette B: society will not continue to condone smoking if it is proven even more dangerous than was previously assumed 11 of diseased organs to their outside packaging D: smoking cigarettes causes damage to the internal organs of the body 38.The author cites studies conducted at McKean University to account for why A: the ACSH claim that graphic visual pictures of diseased organs would not be less effective than stating facts about the consequences to the body of long-term smoking B: a presentation of facts and figures is more effective at influencing future behavior than evidence related to one’s own experience C: a presentation of facts and figures is less effective at influencing future behavior than evidence related to one’s own experience D: evidence related to one’s own experience has a more long-lasting effect than future behavior 39.Which of the following, if true, would be most useful in supporting the claims made by the ACSH? A: There is firm evidence that information communicated in a textual format is more convincing than the same information conveyed in the form of visual depictions B: There is firm evidence that information conveyed in the form of visual depictions is more convincing than the same information communicated in a textual format C: A survey reveals that 79% of smokers look at their cigarette packages when taking out a cigarette D: A study of over 3,000 individuals shows a statistically significant relationship between smoking and pulmonary damage 40.The passage does NOT state which of the following about smoking warnings? A: Current written warnings are not adequate B: Current written warnings are not effective C: The addition of graphic warnings would be an impetus to smokers to relinquish their habit D: Current graphic warnings are effective 12 41.What does the word “lobbied” mean? : A: tried to eliminate B: officially announced C: officially refused D: tried to persuade 42.How much of outside packaging of cigarettes should be devoted to showing photos of diseased organs? A: none is correct B: about 50% or less C: no more than 50% D: at least half 43.Which word can replace “admonitions” in paragraph 2? A: photos B: smokers C: warnings D: packets 44.On average, how often smokers handle their packets? A: around once an hour B: 25 times per week C: 20 – 30 minutes a day 13 D: both "25 times per week" and "20 – 30 minutes a day" 45.What ACSH want to attach to a packet of cigarettes? A: some information of the manufacturer B: pictures and a leaflet C: some cigarette leaves D: another packet of cigarettes 46.What is NOT true according to the passage? A: The recommendation for more graphic pictures and warnings on cigarette packets is being contemplated B: One of the consumer rights mentioned is to know what substances smokers are inhaling C: The aim of putting more graphic pictures and warnings on cigarette packets is to provide smokers with some essential information of smoking D: All smokers know what damage they are inflicting to their bodies Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions 47.A: laid B: raid C: paid D: said 48.A: follows 14 B: titles C: writers D: smacks 49.A: trough B: bubble C: trouble D: double Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions 50.Whether high blood pressure is a disease and a symptom is a much debated question 51.A farmer should consult an expert about how much and which type of fertilizer to use for the crop they grow 52.Ferdinand de Lesseps worked 24 years as a French diplomat, but it was his success in building the Suez Canal that earned for him worldwide fame 53.By not answering to the journalist’s question, the chairman implicitly admitted to the accusation 54.A film isn’t worth to watch, whatever its subject, unless it engages the viewer’s mind and makes him think Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Experts say that if you feel drowsy during the day, even during boring activities, you haven’t had enough sleep If you routinely fall asleep within five minutes of lying down, you probably have severe sleep deprivation, possibly even a sleep disorder Microsleeps, or even brief episodes of sleep in an otherwise awake person, are another mark of sleep deprivation In many cases, people are not aware that they are experiencing microsleeps The widespread practice of “burning the candle at both ends” in Western industrialized societies has created so much sleep deprivation that what is really abnormal sleepiness is now almost the norm 15 Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous Sleep-deprived people who are tested by using a driving simulator or by performing a hand-eye coordinator task perform as badly as or worse than those who are intoxicated Sleep deprivation also magnifies alcohol’s effects on the body, so a fatigued person who drinks will become much more impaired than someone who is well rested Driver fatigue is responsible for an estimated 100,000 motor vehicle accidents and 1,500 deaths each year, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Since drowsiness is the brain’s last step before falling asleep, driving while drowsy can – and often does – lead to disaster Caffeine and other stimulants cannot overcome the effects of severe sleep deprivation The National Sleep Foundation says that if you have trouble keeping your eyes focused, if you can’t stop yawning, or if you can’t remember driving the last few miles, you are probably too drowsy to drive safely 55.The passage suggests that falling asleep during a morning class A: indicates that you should drink a caffeinated beverage at breakfast B: means that the topic does not interest you C: is a symptom of sleep deprivation D: means that you have a sleep disorder 56.The image of “burning the candle at both ends” most nearly refers to A: an unrelenting schedule that affords little rest B: a latent period before a conflict or collapse C: the unavoidable conflagration that occurs when two forces oppose each other D: an ardent desire to achieve 57.The term “impaired” most nearly means A: disturbed B: blemished 16 C: apprehensive D: hampered 58.The primary purpose of the passage is to A: offer preventive measures for sleep deprivation B: explain why sleeplessness has become a common state in Western cultures C: discuss the effects of alcohol on a sleep-deprived person D: alert readers to the signs and risks of not getting enough sleep 59.Which term is defined in the passage? A: sleepiness B: disorder C: microsleep D: deprivation 60.What can be used to replace the word “practice” in the passage? A: habit B: skill C: exercise D: law 61.In the passage, what does the word “norm” mean? A: social rule 17 B: unusual behavior C: cultural rule D: usual behavior 62.Who is likely to be the most impaired among these people? A: A well-rested person B: A well-rested person who uses caffeine or other stimulants C: A fatigued person who drinks D: A fatigued person 63.What state does your brain fall into before you fall asleep? A: boredom B: disorder C: drowsiness D: microsleep 64.What is probably the sign of being too drowsy? A: You can’t remember driving the last short distance B: You can’t keep your eyes focused C: You can’t stop yawning D: All are correct 18 Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it Write your answers on your answer sheet Question 1: “I haven’t got time to play football often,” he said He said that he Question 2: A lot of people play tennis at this club There are Question 3: The expert had no idea that the painting was not genuine Little _ Question 4: He couldn’t buy the car he wanted because he didn’t have enough money The car he wanted was too Question 5: Paul tends to play his music loudly when he’s not feeling very happy Paul is in the habit _ In about 140 words, write a paragraph about the advantages and disadvantages of watching TV Give explanations and examples to support your idea  ... by human beings A: a B: the C: ø D: an 32 .Unemployment is paid to people who are unable to find any job A: benefit B: security C: money D: service 33 .I have absolutely no doubt the innocence... their packets? A: around once an hour B: 25 times per week C: 20 – 30 minutes a day 13 D: both "25 times per week" and "20 – 30 minutes a day" 45.What ACSH want to attach to a packet of cigarettes?... in the position of the main stress in each of the following questions 35 .A: satellite B: contestant C: interview D: diplomat 36 .A: redundancy B: Parisian C: considerate D: agriculture Read the