Astronomy A BEGINNER’S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION CHAPTER Earth and Its Moon Clickers © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question The Moon’s internal structure is similar to Earth’s, but the Moon lacks a) b) c) d) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc an atmosphere a hydrosphere a magnetosphere all of the above Question The Moon’s internal structure is similar to Earth’s, but the Moon lacks a) b) c) d) an atmosphere a hydrosphere a magnetosphere all of the above Explanation: Both Earth and the Moon have a core, mantle, and crust, but Earth has a liquid water-rich layer, air, and a magnetic field © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question The principal greenhouse gases in our present atmosphere are a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc hydrogen and helium oxygen and nitrogen water vapor and carbon dioxide methane and ammonia sulfuric acid vapor and CO2 Question The principal greenhouse gases in our present atmosphere are a) b) c) d) e) hydrogen and helium oxygen and nitrogen water vapor and carbon dioxide methane and ammonia sulfuric acid vapor and CO2 Explanation: A greenhouse gas lets shorter-wavelength light pass through, but absorbs longer-wavelength light © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question Without the greenhouse effect in our atmosphere a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc we would not have to worry about ecological problems the Earth’s oceans would be frozen the amount of nitrogen and oxygen would be much less the icecaps would have melted global warming would still occur Question Without the greenhouse effect in our atmosphere a) b) c) d) e) we would not have to worry about ecological problems the Earth’s oceans would be frozen the amount of nitrogen and oxygen would be much less the icecaps would have melted global warming would still occur Explanation: Earth’s greenhouse effect makes the planet about 40ºC hotter than it would otherwise be This raises the average surface temperature above the freezing point of water © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc ozone layer exosphere Van Allen radiation belts corona aurora borealis and australis Question The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the a) b) c) d) e) ozone layer exosphere Van Allen radiation belts corona aurora borealis and australis Explanation: The Earth’s magnetosphere influences the charged particles of the solar wind Some particles are channeled toward the poles, creating the aurora © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question At what lunar phase would the variation between high and low tides be greatest? a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc New Moon Waxing crescent Moon Full Moon Third-quarter Moon Both new and full Moon Question At what lunar phase would the variation between high and low tides be greatest? a) b) c) d) e) New Moon Waxing crescent Moon Full Moon Third-quarter Moon Both new and full Moon Explanation: At new and full Moon phases, the Sun and Moon combine to stretch the Earth and its oceans even more We see higher high tides and lower low tides © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question What force aligned the Moon’s near side to constantly face Earth? a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc The Sun’s gravity Earth’s magnetic field Earth’s tidal force The solar wind The Moon’s magnetic field Question What force aligned the Moon’s near side to constantly face Earth? a) b) c) d) e) The Sun’s gravity Earth’s magnetic field Earth’s tidal force The solar wind The Moon’s magnetic field Explanation: Just as the Moon creates tides on Earth with its gravitational force, the Earth affects the Moon, too Because of Earth’s tidal force, the Moon spins once a month © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question Lunar maria are found a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc uniformly all over the Moon mostly on the side facing Earth mostly on the far side of the Moon only in the dark areas, out of sunlight in the highlands, among mountains Question Lunar maria are found a) b) c) d) e) uniformly all over the Moon mostly on the side facing Earth mostly on the far side of the Moon only in the dark areas, out of sunlight in the highlands, among mountains Explanation: Because the Moon keeps its near side always facing Earth, that side has a thinner crust and is also less cratered © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question A planetary atmosphere with ozone could protect surface dwellers from a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc ultraviolet radiation charged particles in the solar wind meteor impacts optical radiation radar waves Question A planetary atmosphere with ozone could protect surface dwellers from a) b) c) d) e) ultraviolet radiation charged particles in the solar wind meteor impacts optical radiation radar waves Ozone in the stratosphere (about 30−50 km high) absorbs UV light, and heats the upper atmosphere © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question Which of these is NOT a result of the Earth’s magnetic field? a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc A compass pointing north Aurorae The Van Allen radiation belts Volcanic eruptions The comet-like tail of charged particles that extends past our Moon Question Which of these is NOT a result of the Earth’s magnetic field? a) b) c) d) e) A compass pointing north Aurorae The Van Allen radiation belts Volcanic eruptions The comet-like tail of charged particles that extends past our Moon Explanation: Our planet’s magnetosphere is generated by Earth’s rotation and its liquid metal core In contrast, the Moon doesn’t have a magnetic field © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc Question 10 Today, which of these theories best explains the Moon’s origin? a) b) c) d) e) © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc The fission theory The giant impact theory The capture theory The coformation theory The fusion theory Question 10 Today, which of these theories best explains the Moon’s origin? a) b) c) d) e) The fission theory The giant impact theory The capture theory The coformation theory The fusion theory Explanation: The giant impact theory seems to explain why the Moon is similar to Earth’s mantle and why it doesn’t have a dense core © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc  ... internal structure is similar to Earth’s, but the Moon lacks a) b) c) d) an atmosphere a hydrosphere a magnetosphere all of the above Explanation: Both Earth and the Moon have a core, mantle, and... is the a) b) c) d) e) ozone layer exosphere Van Allen radiation belts corona aurora borealis and australis Explanation: The Earth’s magnetosphere influences the charged particles of the solar... of these theories best explains the Moon’s origin? a) b) c) d) e) The fission theory The giant impact theory The capture theory The coformation theory The fusion theory Explanation: The giant