STYLES Dùng tính từ thay cho danh từ ngược lại Ex: - There is a determination to overcome problems → Children are determined to overcome problems N Adj - They show no interest in the picture → They are not interested in the picture N Adj Dùng động từ thay cho danh từ ngược lại Ex: - We had a look at the picture → We looked at the picture N V - He had an intention of making a journey with her → He intended to make a journey with her N V Dùng bị động động từ thay cho thể chủ động ngược lại Ex: - Mary has finished her homework → Mary's homework has been finished - We should keep dangerous chemicals in safe places → Dangerous chemicals should be kept in safe places Dùng trạng từ thay cho tính từ ngược lại Ex: - He is a careful driver → He drives carefully Adj Adv - Tom is a good student → Tom studies well Adj Adv Một số từ sử dụng dạng VERB va NOUN: to look at = to have a look at (nhìn vào) to think about/of = to give thought to (nghĩ về) to be determined to = to have a determination to (quyết tâm) to know (about) = to have knowledge of (biết) to tend to: to have a tendency to (Có khuynh hướng) to intend to + inf: to have intention of (dự định) + V-ing to desire = to have a desire (ao ước) to wish = to have/ express a wish (ao ước) to visit sb = to pay a visit to sb/ to pay sb a visit (thăm viếng) 10 to discuss sth = to have a discussion about (thảo luận) 11 to decide to = to make a decision to (quyết định) ERI English Institute 12 to talk to = to have a talk with (nói chuyện) 13 to explain sth = to give an explanation for (giải thích) 14 to call sb = to give sb a call (gọi điện cho ) 15 to be interested in = to have interest in (thích) 16 to drink = to have a drink (uống) 17 to photograph = to have a photograph of (chụp hình) 18 to cry = to give a cry (khóc) 19 to laugh at = to give a laugh at (cười nhạo) 20 to welcome sb = to give sb a welcome (chào đón) 21 to kiss sb = to give sb a kiss (hôn) 22 to ring sb = to give sb a ring (gọi điện) 23 to warn = to give warning (báo động, cảnh cáo) 24 to try to (+ inf) = to make an effort to/ to make an attemp to (cố gắng) 25 to meet sb = to have a meeting with sb (gặp ai) 26 to succeed = to make a success (thành công) 27 to be used = to be in use (được sử dụng) 28 to rest = to have a rest (nghĩ ngơi) 29 to sleep = to have a sleep (ngủ) 30 to bathe = to have/take a bath (tắm) 31 to examine = to have an examination (kiểm tra, xem xét) 32 to agree = to be in agreement (đồng ý) 33 to disagree = to be in disagreement (không đồng ý) 34 to contrat sb = to have contact with sb (liên lạc) 35 to exchange = to have an exchange of (trao đổi) 36 to argue with sb = to have an argument with sb (tranh cãi với ai) 37 to complain about = to have a complaint about (phàn nàn về) 38 to land = to make a landing (hạ cánh) 39 to receive sth = to be in receipt of sth (nhận) 40 to need = to have a need of (cần) 41 to love sb = to fall in love with sb (yêu ai) 42 to brush sth = to give sth a brush (chải) 43 to arrange with sb = to have an arrangement with sb (sắp xếp) ERI English Institute IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS Thành ngữ có cấu trúc VERB + NOUN (PHRASE) + PREPOSITION catch sight of = bắt gặp, nhìn thấy 19 take note of = ghi chép give place to = nhường chỗ 20 take leave of = từ biệt give way to = nhượng bộ, nhương chỗ 21 give birth to = sinh keep pace with/ keep up with = sánh kịp 22 make a contribution to = góp phần lose sight of = hút 23 keep correspondence with = liên lạc thư từ make allowance for = chiếu cố đến 24 show affection for = có cảm tình make fun of = chế nhạo 25 feel pity for/take (have) pity on = hối tiếc make a fuss over/about = làm om sòm, tức giận 26 feel regret for = ân hận make room for = dọn chỗ cho 27 feel sympathy for = thông cảm 10 make use of = dùng, sử dụng 28 make complain about = phàn nàn 11 lose touch with = liên lạc 29 feel shame at = xẩu hổ 12 lose track of = dấu 30 have a look at = nhìn ngắm 13 put a stop to = put an end to = kết thúc 31 get victory over = chiến thắng 14 take account of = lưu tâm 32 play an influence over = có ảnh hưởng 15 take notice of = lưu ý 33 have faith in = tin tưởng 16 pay attention to = ý tới 34 take interest in = quan tâm 17 set fire to = đốt cháy 35 make a decicion on / make up one’s mind 18 take advantage of = lợi dụng = định EXPRESSION OF QUANTITY I Some/ any SOME: đặt trước plural countable noun hay uncountable noun câu xác định Ex: I want some milk He saw some strangers in his house yesterday - Đôi SOME dùng câu hỏi có ý mời hay đề nghị lịch Ex: Would you like some more coffee? May I go out for some drink? ANY: đặt trước countable hay uncountable noun câu phủ định nghi vấn ERI English Institute Ex: Do you have any sugar? She didn’t see any boys in her class II Most/ Most of: MOST: MOST + NOUN MOST + ADJECTIVE + NOUN Ex: Most children are fond of sweets Most beautiful material in expensive Most students in my class like watching football MOST OF: MOST OF + DETERMINER/PRONOUN + NOUN Ex: Most of these students are intelligent Most of her friends have well-paid jobs We spend most of our leisure time watching TV He has finished most of the exercises in this book Các cụm danh từ sau “MOST OF” thường xác định (phải có the, this these, those tính từ sở hữu my, his, her, their ) Ex: - Most boys and girls have given thought to their future jobs - Most of the boys and girls in my class want to choose well-paid jobs III Much, Many, A great deal of, A large number of, A lot of, Loads of With countable nouns With uncountable nouns Many Much A large number of A great deal of A great number of Plenty of Plenty of A lot of A lot of Loads of Loads of ERI English Institute Ex: - I don’t have much time for night clubs - There are so many people here that I feel tired - A large amount of air pollution comes from industry - She has got a great deal of homework today Lưu ý: câu xác địnhg có từ very, too, so, as phải dùng much hay many Ex: - There was too much traffic that it took me an hour to get home - There are too many mistakes in your writing IV Few, A Few, Little, A Little: FEW/ A FEW: dùng với plural countable nouns - Few = ít, Ex: - I don’t want to take the trip to Hue because I have few friends there - A few = vài (gần nghĩa với SOME) Ex: - You can see a few houses on the hill - A few people left early - There are a few empty seats here LITTLE / A LITTLE: dùng với uncountable nouns - Little = Ex: There was little doubt in my mind - A little = it chút (gần nghĩa với SOME) Ex: - I need a little help to move these books - It caused a little confusion ARTICLES (MẠO TỪ) I Indefinite articles: A, AN: A, an, đứng trước singular countable noun - A, an sử dụng lời nói chung chung hay để giới thiệu điều chưa đề cập đến Ex: - A ball is round - I saw a boy in the street - Những từ sau dùng với a: European house uniform eulogy Euphenism universial eucalyptus union - Những từ sau dùng với an: university Hour uncle heir Unnatural honor understanding umbrella II Definite articles: THE - The sử dụng để việc mà biết kiến thức chung Ex: The boy in the corner is my friend herbal ... exchange = to have an exchange of (trao đổi) 36 to argue with sb = to have an argument with sb (tranh cãi với ai) 37 to complain about = to have a complaint about (phàn nàn về) 38 to land = to make... interest in = quan tâm 17 set fire to = đốt cháy 35 make a decicion on / make up one’s mind 18 take advantage of = lợi dụng = định EXPRESSION OF QUANTITY I Some/ any SOME: đặt trước plural countable... most of our leisure time watching TV He has finished most of the exercises in this book Các cụm danh từ sau “MOST OF” thường xác định (phải có the, this these, those tính từ sở hữu my, his, her,