Thuyết trình thắng cảnh Đà Lạt Tiếng Anh: The name ”Da Lat” combines “Đà” which originates from “Đak” and means “water” or “lake” in the local dialect, and “Lát” thethe name of the local ethnic-minority group, a subsection of the Cơ Ho group The name ”Da Lat” thus refers to the water of the Lát (lách) people Da Lat is home to many beautiful lakes; making it a popular spot for travellers The city has seen an influx of tourists in recent years because of the international popularity ‘of ecotourism “Now, the city is among the top ten tourist destinations ‘in Viet Nam Climbing Lang Biang Mountain just north of Da Lat and the many walking tracks surrounding the City are popular with both residents and tourists Doctor and explorer Alexandre Yersin (1863-1943) founded the French resort in Da Lat in 1895 because he thought the Lang Biang Plateau was an ideal place for convalescence Since that time, the town and the surrounding rugged terrain have attracted a steady stream of domestic and international tourists Situated at an altitude of 1,500 meters above sea level, Da Lat is 300 kilometers north of Ho Chi Minh City and 110 kilometers inland from the coast Da Lat is often referred to as the ”City of Eternal Spring” because its average daily temperature varies between 15 and 24°C and is often sunny The rainy season falls between April and November, with an average annual rainfall of 1.755 meters, while the dry season is between December and March This climate allows oa Lat to grow flowers all year round, hence its other name, ”City of Flowers.” A light mist often covers the mountains and fertile valley fields surrounding oa Lat Farmers ship fruits and vegetables throughout Viet Nam; in fact, the road linking Da Lat with Ho Chi Minh City is known as the ”Road of Fruits and Vegetables.” Da Lat has a mixture of ethnic minorities as well as ethnic Kinh (Vietnamese), who have moved there Here is one of the few places in Viet Nam where local residents wrap up in warm clothes year round The young girls of the region are renowned for their pink cheeks Ba Lat's city centre boasts an array of attractions for tourists, who can visit its French-style university grounds, church, and train station The General Museum displays a good range of indigenous artifacts and various objects of local historical significance Visitors to Da Lat can also see palaces erected by French governors and Vietnamese kings, including one built by Bao Dai, Viet Nam’s last monarch Da Lat is also home to at least ten ancient pagodas, the most popular ones being Linh Son, Linh Phong, Linh Quang, Thien Vuong Cố Sát, and Thien vien Truc Lam Da Lat boasts one of the oldest and most established golf courses in Viet Nam Located on hilly terrain near Xuan Huong Lake, the golf course has been upgraded to international standards for eighteen holes Visitors will see a wide variety of flowers many of them rare along the city’s streets, in its markets, and in the city’s parks and nurseries Da Lat’s horticulture industry is thriving; its flowers are in demand throughout the country and are particularly popular in Ho Chi Minh City Da Lat’s oldest flower garden can be found near Da Lat University and Xuan Huang Lake at Phù Thién Vuong Street Established in 1966 and opened to the public in 1985, this garden displays a large collection of over 300 species and includes local varieties as well as flowers from throughout the world The garden with its roses, Chrysanthemums, gladioli, orchids, and mi mosa has flowers in bloom year round Da Lat boasts the highest concentration of flower species in Viet Nam, with a concentration on oriental flowers such as purple peach blossoms, violet Japanese daisies, yellow Chrysanthemums, red Chinese hibiscus, jasmine, night orchids, and white lilies Growers have imported various rose species, such as Rosa Lutea (which grows from the Middle East to China) and the Rosa I ndicafragans (which comes from Europe) Several newer rose species are named for celebrities, such as the Brigitte for Bridgitte Bardot, the John F Kennedy, and Grace de Monaco, in addition to established species One unique flower to be found in or Lat is the Salem In (960, a Vietnamese resident of Belgium introduced the flower, which resembles bells with white, pink, and violet petals Rose lovers throughout the country prize this species, which travels well About twenty species of Chrysanthemums and daisies bloom year round One of the most popular Species is Sans-souci (Worry-free), in addition to Pensee, Violet, Cosmos, Immortal Many species that originated in North America, Mexico, Latin America, Africa, and Europe now have Vietnamese names, such as Hoang Anh (Verge d’or), Thu'q'c du’q'c (Dahlia), Thu hcii du’r‘mg (Begonia Rex), Da hop (Magnolia), Mdm 561' (GueuIe-de-Loup), Ldng den (Fuchsia) Phong If! (Geranium), Xac phao (Sauge Eclatante) Sen da (loubarbe Des Toits), Sen can (Capucine) A variety of cherry blossoms (Prunus Cerasoides) that is unique to Da Lat blooms at Lunar New Years This deciduous cherry tree, which grows well in Da Lat’s temperate climate, sheds its leaves in autumn and remains leafless throughout the winter First introduced to the region in the early twentieth century, this variety differs from the Japanese cherry blossom, which cannot grow in Da Lat’s climate Da Lat has over 200 species of orchids, with five indigenous species recently discovered These five feature ”Da Lat” or ”Lang Biang” in their names: Dendrobium dalatense, Oberonic dalatensi, Eria dalatensis, Dendrobium langbianense, and Oberonia langbianesis These indigenous species are in as much demand as the favourite locally grown imported species: Balkis, Sayonara, Chateau, and Oriental Legend Growers sell their orchids both within Viét Nam and overseas Da Lat’s orchids grow naturally in fields in contrast to European orchids, which must be grown in greenhouses that have special heat, ventilation, and lighting systems, ‘ Flights to Da Lat operate from H5 Chi Minh City (thirty-five minutes), and H51 Nc’ji (one hour and forty minutes) Motorists can take two routes from H5 Chi Minh City Highway 20 is a trip of three hundred kilometers passing through Lam Dc’ing Province’s lush Bio Léc District Or they can take Highway to Phan Rang and then continue inland on Highway 27 through an area with historic towers erected by the Cham ethnic minority, past the Da Nhim Hydropower Plant, and across the stunning Ngoan Muc Pass with its spectacular view of 03 Lat and the surrounding pine forests Xuan Hu’ong Lake (Fragrant Lake): Xuan Huang Lake is one of Da Lat City’s most famous landmarks Shaped like a crescent moon, the lake covers five Square kilometers Its clear waters and the surrounding boulevards lined with trees make the park a favourite rendezvous for lovers Fishing is a popular pastime, as is riding the pedal boats and relaxmg with a drink or a good meal in one of the many cafes and restaurants lining the lake Than Thở (Lake of Lament): This lake just six kilometers east of Da Lat’s centre, lies between pine-covered hills Local legend has it that the trees whisper a tragic love story that the lake witnessed and retains: A young couple committed suicide there in order to remain together The light breeze across the water carries the sounds of the lovers’ sobs Visitors can see the gravesite that symbolises the couple’s eternal convalesce Tuyén Lam (All Forest) lake): This lake, located close to the popular Datanla Waterfall and formed by water from Tia Spring and the upper section of Ba Tam River on Voi (Elephant) Mountain, is a favourite for rowing and fishing It is not clear when or how the lake got this name suggesting its forested environment The water, the pines, and a nearby pagoda create an atmosphere befitting solitary souls The government began building a dam at the site in 1982 to ensure sufficient water to irrigate hundreds of hectares of rice fields in Dt’tc Trong District and completed the construction in 1987 Ever since, the lake has been a popular tourist attraction for tourists to Da Lat A boat trip gives close-up views of the surrounding hills covered in pines Several endangered animals inhabit the pine forests Attractive tourist sites spot the lake banks, including the hunting grounds of Bảo Dai (the last king of the Nguyen Dynasty), 830 mi Waterfall, an area for raising buffalo, and the hunting grounds, of the Lat, an ethnic-minority group A Zen monastery sits atop the hill north of the lake Da Nhim Lake: Situated some forty kilometers east of pa Lat on the road to Phan Rang, this lake is worth the trip for its spectacular scenery because it is located inside an inactive volcano After climbing the volcano, visitors are privileged to find a panoramic view overlooking the surrounding mountains and valleys , Đa Thiện Lake: This lake in the ”Valley of Love” with the imposing Lang Bian Mountain as its backdrop is a popular meeting place for lovers Lak lake: In the Ê đê ethnic-minority language, ”Lak” means ”Lake of Đắk Lắk Province.” The journey of 170 kilometers from Da Lat to this lake passes through the scenic Truong Son Mountain Range and by villages belonging to the M’Nong, E -dé, Churu, and Co Ho ethnic minorities Prenn Waterfall: This waterfall ten kilometers from ea Lat lies at the foot of Prenn Pass and is famous for its cascadea white satin curtain falling over the footbridge located behind the falls Pine forests and a variety of wild flowers surround the waterfall Pon Cour Waterfall: Many people regard this waterfall fifty kilometers south of m Lat as one of the most magnificent in lndochina Although its drop is only forty meters, the waterfall has a plentiful supply of water and carries religious significance for local ethnic-minority people, who flock there for Lunar New Year’s festivities and to pray for good luck in the coming year Ankroet Waterfall: This waterfall fifteen kilometers north of Da Lat/and nearby Dankia Lake makes an attractive outing for tourists The road to the waterfall winds through ethnicminority hamlets, where residents have vegetable farms Datanla Waterfall: This waterfall at the foot of Prenn Pass and near Highway 20 is ten kilometers south of 0a Lat's city center The easiest way to get there is by motorbike taxi The waterfall lies in a valley not far from Tuyén Lam Lake With its height of twenty meters, Datanla Waterfall is not as steep as the ones at Prenn and Pon Gour lt slopes gently and falls gracefully, but its pool is deep After a walk of ten or fifteen minutes (about 300 meters) from the pass to the waterfall, trekkers come to another path that follows a long and steep slope Youth like to jump from one rock to another and worm their way through the bushes Vietnamese researcher Nguyen Diep says the “Datanla” comes from the Co Ho phrase ”Ba Tam Nha,” which means ”water below the rocks” and has been mispronounced as ”Datanla.” The banks of the stream that flows into the Datanla once served as the base and hiding places for the Lat people when resisting Cham invaders Eventually, the Lach drove out the invaders Thereafter, Datanla became a local resistance base whenever foreign groups invaded Datanla’s scenery is wild and charming It is said that nymphs from Heaven once bathed there, hence the name ”Suo’i Tién” or ”Nymph Spring.” In 1998, the government classified Datanla as a site of natural beauty Prenn Waterfall and Pass: Prenn Pass and Prenn Waterfall are twelve kilometers from the center of Da Lat City and on Highway 20 near Datanla Waterfall Prenn Pass, which is ten kilometers long, lies at the entrance to Da Lat City The thirteen-meter waterfall is a hundred meters to the south of the slope of the pass At its foot is a bridge partly veiled by the rush of water The government recognised Prenn Waterfall as a site of national beauty in 1998 In the Cham language, ”Prenn” means ”an invaded area” or ”borderline.” Several centuries ago, the Cham in the Kingdom of Panduranga on the east coast (present-day Ninh Thuan Province) invaded the land of the Lat and the Chil, both related to the Co Ho Prenn was the border area and also the battlefront between the two sides The Cham lived on the stretch of land from Prenn through D’Ran (Don Duang District, Lam Dong PrOVince) to Phan Rang on the coast The Co Ho, Lat, and Chil lived in the area on the western side of Prenn According to Chém history, this conflict took place in the seventeenth century during the reign of King Porome (1625-1651), who had great military strength and wanted to expand his kingdom westward into the Lang Bian Highlands However, the Co Ho, the Lat, and the Chil clipped his ambition The Cham occupied D’Ran for a long time Vestiges of the Cham dynasties can be found in the area Some villages in Don Duang District still bear Cham names, such as K’loong and N’Thol Ha Cam Ly Waterfall: This waterfall is located only three kilometers from the center of Da Lat, The waterfall is said to drop like a young maiden’s long hair ln Vietnamese, the words ”Cam Ly” evoke the melancholia of love The phrase has even found its way into the lyrics of a song: Dear Da Lat, you hear Cam Ly Weeping for its first broken love? Cam Ly also is the name of the small stream flowing from Xuan Huang Lake to the waterfall The word ”cam ly” has several meanings In the most popular sense, it means ”giving in to separation.” However, in old Chinese, ”cam” means ”satisfaction,” ”nice to the ear,” ”happy,” and ”sweet;” ”ly” means ”delicate” and ”water Soaking into the soil.” Some people believe the Waterfall symbolises a stream of fresh, sweet Water soaking into the hearts of visitors Since the name ”Cam Ly” has existed for such a long time, researchers have different theories about the Vietnamese nature of the word The first French envoy to Da Lat could not understand why most place names in the area came from ethnic-minority languages By contrast, ”Cam Ly” sounds like the language of the Kinh (ethnic Vietnamese) majority One theory suggests ”Cam Ly” is a phonetic variant of the name of a local ethnic hero, Darn M’Ly, whose name means ”an indomitable man” in tho Lach language Dam M’Ly fought against the French when they first invaded Lang Biang Plateau However, many people find the following story more convincing: Once upon a time, there were three ethnic groups living side by side on the banks of Cam Ly Spring and Xuan Huong Lake The Lat lived in the valley of Xuan Huang Lake; the Chil by the spring in the area of Ba Hé Thuc; and the Co Ho, led by Chieftain K’Mly, at the top of the waterfall After K’Mly passed away, his tribe named the area where they lived as well as the waterfall and the spring after him When spoken quickly, ”K’Mly” sounds like ”Kam Ly.” Later on, people wrote ”Kam Ly” as ”Cam Ly,” which left the impression that the name is of ethnic Kinh (Viét) origin Gougah Waterfall: Also called ”Pothole,” this Waterfall is located thirty-eight kilometers from Da Lat and three hundred meters from Highway 20 lt is seventeen meters high and has two falls, one relatively quiet and the other gushing ”Gougah” comes from the ethnic-minority language, while ”Pothole” is an invention of Kinh (ethnic Vietnamese) people to describe the eggshaped stones that can be seen at the foot of the waterfall during the dry season Lam Vién Plateau and Lang Biang Mountain: This area twelve kilometers north of Da Lat includes Lang Biang Mountain, which has the area’s highest altitude at 2,162 meters It is popular with both local residents and tourists interested in adventure sports and in studying rare flora and fauna Residents belong to the Lat, Chil, and Ma ethnic minority groups The Valley of Love: This ar north of Ba Lat consists of hills, and fragrant wild flowers and was known as the ”Valley of Peace” during the reign of EmperoC; Bao Dai In 1972, engineers butlt a dam an created Da Thien Lake The valley continues to attract people, both young and old ‘ The Forest of Elysium: This forest is thirtyeight kilometers south of Da Lat and is close to Highway 20 It includes the Gougah Waterfall and is noted for its raw, natural setting ... Flights to Da Lat operate from H5 Chi Minh City (thirty-five minutes), and H51 Nc’ji (one hour and forty minutes) Motorists can take two routes from H5 Chi Minh City Highway 20 is a trip of three... thriving; its flowers are in demand throughout the country and are particularly popular in Ho Chi Minh City Da Lat’s oldest flower garden can be found near Da Lat University and Xuan Huang Lake... North America, Mexico, Latin America, Africa, and Europe now have Vietnamese names, such as Hoang Anh (Verge d’or), Thu'q'c du’q'c (Dahlia), Thu hcii du’r‘mg (Begonia Rex), Da hop (Magnolia), Mdm