BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL JAXTINA ENGLISH GRAMMAR - ADJECTIVES: TÍNH TỪ Adjectives – Tính từ - Describe or modify nouns (people, places, things, or animals) or pronouns: mô tả, bổ nghĩa cho danh từ, đại từ - Adjectives usually come before the noun or pronoun, or sometimes they can come after it: tính từ có để đứng trước danh từ, đại từ sau danh từ, đại từ Examples Tính từ đứng trước danh từ  Everyone knows a giraffe has a long neck Ai biết hươu cao cổ có cổ dài ( a long neck => tính từ long mô tả danh từ neck)  My old car didn’t have air conditioning Cái ô tô cũ điều hòa (My old car => tính từ old bổ nghĩa cho danh từ car) Tính từ sau danh từ  That statue of a goddess was quite large Tượng nữ thần lớn (Tính từ large bổ nghĩa cho cụm danh từ that statue of a goddess)  One of my tables is round Một bàn hình tròn (Round bổ nghĩa cho one of my tables) Kinds of Adjectives Descriptive adjective: tính từ miêu tả -  Miêu tả danh từ (careless – bất cẩn, dangerous – nguy hiểm, excited – hào hứng, sad – buồn, black - đen, white – trắng, big - to, small – nhỏ, long - dài, fat - béo) Examples: dangerous chemicals – chất hóa học nguy hiểm, green vegetables – rau Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL JAXTINA ENGLISH xanh, a square box – hộp hình vuông, a big house – nhà to, a tall tree – cao, a cold morning – buổi sáng lạnh, a true story – câu truyện có thật Adjective of quantity: tính từ số lượng - Miêu tả số lượng danh từ Examples:     He has eaten three apples (Anh ta ăn táo => tính từ three miêu tả apples) I don’t have much money (Tôi nhiều tiền => much miêu tả money) There is so much wine for the guests (Có nhiều rượu cho khách) This long centipede has many legs (Con rết dài có nhiều chân) Demonstrative adjective: tính từ định this, that, these, those: định danh từ bổ nghĩa số hay số nhiều, gần hay xa Examples:       This red balloon is mine and those three yellow ones are yours (Cái khí cầu ba vàng bạn) This cute baby is his brother That cute baby is his sister (Đứa bé dễ thương em trai anh Đứa bé dễ thương em gái anh ấy) These two fat cats have tails, but that thin cat doesn’t have a tail (Hai mèo béo có đuôi, mèo gầy đuôi) Possessive adjective: tính từ sở hữu - Mô tả sở hữu danh từ đó/cái Singular my your his her its Possessive adjectives/pronouns Plural our your their their their Examples:    I spent my afternoon cleaning the toilet (Tôi dành hết buổi chiều lau chùi toilet => buổi chiều => my tính từ sở hữu, bổ nghĩa cho afternoon) This must be your cap (Đây mũ anh) Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL   JAXTINA ENGLISH His arms have a few tattoos (Tay có vài hình xăm) Its skin is dry and rough (Da khô thô ráp) Comparisons of Adjectives The absolute form: so sánh tuyệt đối – nhau, giống To be + as + tính từ + as My uncle is as bald as a cue ball (Đầu hói bóng) His head is as big as my head (Đầu to đầu tôi) His ex-wife is not as charming as his wife-to-be (Vợ cũ không dịu dàng vợ cưới anh ta) The comparative form: so sánh – Tính từ âm tiết: to be + tính từ-er + than Tính từ âm tiết trở lên: to be + more + tính từ + than… W A hen's egg is bigger than a pigeon's egg (Trứng gà mái to trứng chim bồ câu) Our fingers are longer than our toes (Ngón tay dài ngón chân chúng ta)  This basketball player is taller than that footballer (Cầu thủ bóng rổ cao cầu thủ bóng đá kia) These books are more interesting than those magazines (Những sách thú vị tạp chí kia) The superlative form: so sánh cao – ai/cái Tính từ âm tiết: to be + the + tính từ - est (thông thường thêm cụm từ in…) Tính từ âm tiết trở lên: to be + the most + tính từ    My great grandfather is the oldest one in the family (Cụ người già gia đình) She has the prettiest face in the whole school (Cô có khuôn mặt đẹp trường) She is the most beautiful girl in this class (Cô cô gái đẹp lớp này) Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL  JAXTINA ENGLISH This is the most interesting movie I’ve ever seen (Đây phim hay xem) Forming Adjectives Một tính từ tạo thành việc thêm đuôi “ing” “ed” vào sau động từ V + ing = Adj với nghĩa chủ động V + ed = Adj with nghĩa bị động Adj - ed: miêu tả cảm thấy Adj – ed: miêu tả ảnh hưởng tới Examples: interest (V) interesting (Adjactive) interested (Adjpassive) Correct: This book is interesting to Dave – (= sách gây hứng thú cho Dave) Incorrect: This book is interested to Dave => sai Correct: Dave is interested in this book – (= Dave khơi dậy hứng thú sách) Incorrect: Dave is interesting in this book.=> sai Correct: This is an interesting book – (Cuốn sách thú vị) Incorrect: This is an interested book => sai interesting mang nghĩa chủ động – sách tự thân thú vị Position of Adjectives Hai vị trí thường gặp tính từ trước danh từ sau danh từ, trước linking verbs (1) Tính từ trước danh từ a fresh fish (một cá sạch) a small tree (một nhỏ) a long dress (một váy dài) a square box (một hộp vuông) a beautiful house (một nhà đẹp) Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL JAXTINA ENGLISH an ugly old witch (một mụ phù thủy già xấu xí) a funny little clown (một hỏ hài hước) a tall young manager (một người quản lý trẻ cao) a big powerful sound (một âm mạnh dội) (2) Tính từ sau danh từ Trong cấu trúc câu: Chủ ngữ + linking verb + tính từ Linking verb tobe (am, is are, was, were, etc) động từ khác (look, seem, appear, get, become, grow, remain, sound, taste, smell, etc) Example: The beef tasted delicious (Món bò có vị ngon => taste linking verb, thay tobe: The beef was delicious) She grew bored being alone (Cô ta trở lên chán nản => grow: trở lên, linking verb, thay tobe => She was bored being alone) The question sounds silly (Câu hỏi nghe ngớ ngẩn) The child remained silent when questioned (Đứa trẻ tiếp tục im lặng kh hỏi) Exercise 1: Kinds of Adjectives Adjectives of Quantity Choose the correct words She has only (a few, a little) nuts to feed the monkeys I don't like answering so (much, many) stupid questions The stray dog has (little, few) food to eat (Few, Some) of the students had any knowledge of classical music We need (many, much) ice cubes for these drinks Anybody would be happy to get (a few, some) money Which of the (some, two) roads lead to the station? Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL JAXTINA ENGLISH There are (several, little) big cows on the small farm He bought (much, many) meat from the butcher 10 We didn't buy (any, many) vegetables from the market Exercise 2: Comparison of Adjectives Pick the correct words in the brackets My mother is as (strong, stronger, strongest) as her mother Not everyone agrees she is (pretty, prettier, prettiest) than her sister None of us can be (tall, taller, tallest) than a giraffe That pond is the (shallow, shallower, shallowest) in this area That has to be the (interesting, more interesting, most interesting) film I have seen Of the two paths, this is (short, shorter, shortest) to get there This clown is not as (funny, funnier, funniest) as the other one He is easily the (bad, worse, worst) player in the team The second half of the play was (little, less, the least) exciting 10 What is (far, farther, the farthest) distance you have ever run? Exercise 3: Comparison of Adjectives Pick the correct words in the brackets My mother is as (strong, stronger, strongest) as her mother Not everyone agrees she is (pretty, prettier, prettiest) than her sister None of us can be (tall, taller, tallest) than a giraffe That pond is the (shallow, shallower, shallowest) in this area That has to be the (interesting, more interesting, most interesting) film I have seen Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL JAXTINA ENGLISH Of the two paths, this is (short, shorter, shortest) to get there This clown is not as (funny, funnier, funniest) as the other one He is easily the (bad, worse, worst) player in the team The second half of the play was (little, less, the least) exciting 10 What is (far, farther, the farthest) distance you have ever run? Exercise 4: Forming Adjectives Complete the sentences using one of the following words: amusing/amused; annoying/annoyed; boring/bored; confusing/confused; disgusting/disgusted; exciting/excited; exhausting/exhausted; interesting/interested; surprising/surprised 13 He works very hard It's not _ that he's always tired 14 I've got nothing to I'm _ 15 The teacher's explanation was _ Most of the students didn't understand it 16 The kitchen hadn't been cleaned for ages It was really _ 17 I seldom visit art galleries I'm not particularly _ in art 18 There's no need to get _ just because I'm a few minutes late 19 The lecture was _ I fell asleep 20 I asked Emily if she wanted to come out with us but she wasn't _ 21 I've been working very hard all day and now I'm _ 22 I'm starting a new job next week I'm quite _ about it 23 Tom is very good at telling funny stories He can be very _ 24 Liz is a very _ person She knows a lot, she's traveled a lot and she's done lots of different things Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL JAXTINA ENGLISH Exercise 5: Correct Usage of Adjectives Fill in the blanks with the following adjectives, each of which is to be used only once: little; wild; dark; angry; eight; muddy; honest; heavy; clumsy; much; proud; skinny; brave; narrow; blind My mother is _ as a peacock of our new house I cannot lift this _ metal box That _ boy knocked down the vase again The thin beggar raised his _ hand The _ soldier was awarded a medal Cars are too big to use this _ path Tigers are _ animals He is poor He hasn't _ money He is an _ man You can trust him 10 They helped the _ man cross the road 11 Look at the _ sky It is going to rain 12 They have broken the window Their father is very _ with them 13 There are _ pints in a gallon 14 We have to take off our shoes This path is _ 15 There is only a _ water left in the bottle Preposition used after an adjective Put in the missing words: 16 Is he fond _ tea? 17 She is anxious _ start 18 I was angry _ him Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL 19 He was pleased _ us 20 She is keen _ hockey 21 He is interested _ flying 22 She is envious _ them 23 That was foolish _ you 24 It was expensive _ buy 25 Is he worried _ them? 26 She was afraid _ it 27 I was terrified _ it 28 She was annoyed _ us 29 He is sure _ agree 30 He is prepared _ go 31 I was patient _ them 32 He was reluctant _ go 33 He is very clever _ his hands 34 She is good _ dancing 35 I am tired _ waiting JAXTINA ENGLISH 36 The accused man said that he was innocent _ murder The jury eventually found him guilty _ manslaughter 37 She was silent _ several minutes 38 His bicycle is quite different _ yours 39 That was very convenient _ us Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL JAXTINA ENGLISH 40 They say that Albert is brilliant _ football 41 She was excited _ the news of her brother's success 42 We were both surprised _ his conduct 43 She said, "I am disappointed _ you." 44 I was puzzled _ what he said 45 She was astonished _ the unusual sight 46 He was exhausted _ the tiring journey 47 His car was badly damaged _ a lorry 48 It was easy _ us _ escape 49 It was difficult _ us _ find out where he lived 50 He was boastful _ his success in the competition 51 Be careful not _ cut yourself 52 Be careful _ the traffic 53 The dancing was delightful _ watch 54 This medicine can be harmful _ young children 55 That was very courageous _ him 56 It is dangerous _ swim in that part of the river 57 He is famous _ his backhand shots 58 My father is very suspicious _ that man 59 Those shoes will be quite comfortable _ her 60 It was most sensible _ him to that 61 He is active _ several school societies Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL 62 It's no good feeling sorry _ yourself 63 It was wrong _ him to say that 64 She looks worried _ something 65 Try to make his stay here pleasant _ him JAXTINA ENGLISH Use the following words to fill in the blanks: difficult, happy, proper, terrible, violent Each word is to be used only once 83 I always feel _ when the sun is shinning 84 The fog made driving very _ 85 The man became _ when the manager of the restaurant asked him to leave 86 You look _! Are you all right? 87 The court found his behaviour to be perfectly _ Use one of the adjectives for each blank space below absent; present; excellent; different; obedient; confident; innocent; patient; silent; independent; impatient; disobedient; foreign 88 He was _ from school because he was ill 89 There were many people _ at my sister's wedding 90 The judge said that the man was _ and could be released 91 He did not know the answer so he remained _ and said nothing 92 We were _ to start because we did not want to miss the first few minutes of the game 93 it I was quite _ that he would arrive on the two o'clock train so I went to meet 94 This stamp looks _ from that one It must have come from a _ country 95 That is an _ picture It is one of the best I have ever seen Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL JAXTINA ENGLISH 96 The boy did not what his father had told him so his mother said he was _ 97 India became an _ nation in 1947 Fb: Hoàng Ngọc Quỳnh Email: jaxtina2013@gmail.com ... child remained silent when questioned (Đứa trẻ tiếp tục im lặng kh hỏi) Exercise 1: Kinds of Adjectives Adjectives of Quantity Choose the correct words She has only (a few, a little) nuts to feed... BÀI HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA GMAIL JAXTINA ENGLISH Exercise 5: Correct Usage of Adjectives Fill in the blanks with the following adjectives, each of which is to be used only once: little; wild; dark;...  JAXTINA ENGLISH This is the most interesting movie I’ve ever seen (Đây phim hay xem) Forming Adjectives Một tính từ tạo thành việc thêm đuôi “ing” “ed” vào sau động từ V + ing = Adj với nghĩa