1 BỘ LAO ĐỘNG THƯƠNG BINH XÃ HỘI TỔNG CỤC DẠY NGHỀ GIÁO TRÌNH Mơ đun: Anh văn chun ngành NGHỀ QUẢN TRỊ MẠNG MÁY TÍNH TRÌNH ĐỘ: CAO ĐẲNG NGHỀ ( Ban hành kèm theo Quyết định số:120/QĐTCDN ngày 25 tháng 02 năm 2013 Tổng cục trưởng Tổng cục dạy nghề) Hà Nội, năm 2013 TUYÊN BỐ BẢN QUYỀN: Tài liệu thuộc loại sách giáo trình nên nguồn thơng tin phép dùng nguyên trích dùng cho mục đào tạo đích tham khảo Mọi mục đích khác mang tính lệch lạc sử dụng với mục đích kinh doanh thiếu lành mạnh bị nghiêm cấm MÃ TÀI LIỆU: Ma∼sơ×mơn học: MH21 www.elearnkit.com LỜI GIỚI THIỆU Introduction The aim of this lecture is to develop a basic knowledge of how English is used for communication in Information Technology It is suitable for use in universities, colleges and technical schools with intermediate students who already know how to handle the common English sentence patterns but who want to improve and extend their language skills in the context of IT Little or no previous knowledge of Information Technology is assumed, but if students work through the lecture carefully they will certainly learn a great deal about it since the material does embrace all the basic concepts of Information Technology There are units/ lessons covering a wide range of current IT topics using a variety of texts and visual material taken from textlectures, newspapers, popular computing magazines, Internet newsgroups, Webpages, manuals, and advertisements The aim is to help students to acquire and develop the skills they will need in order to learn the subject of Information Technology Emphasis is placed on developing reading skills; important lexical items are isolated for special attention and significant points of grammar are thoroughly treated and revised The lecture also includes a comprehensive glossary of current IT terminology with Vietnamese translation, the answer key as well as many teaching notes It is userfriendly to both teachers and students and its clear layout, using both photos and graphics, will make it a very popular choice for those wishing to acquire what are now regarded by many to be mandatory skills for employees in almost every part of the workforce Having many years of experience of teaching Information technology in English and teaching English for Computing, the authors have devoted much time and effort to compile this lecture of English for Information Technology appropriate to the Vietnamese environment Nevertheless, the lecture cannot escape from shortcomings that the authors would like to insist the tolerance from the users of the lecture and to thank them for their comments and remarks that will be valuable for the next publication Finally, in helping this lecture come to fruition, the authors would like to thank Miss Vũ Thị Hương Trà and Miss La Thi Hong Thu, graduated students of the English Department of Hanoi University of Technology and Miss Do Thi Bich Thuan, the final year sudent (K52 SE) of Soict for the marvelous job she has made of desktop publishing a long and complex manuscript and for her enthusiasm and stoicism in the face of repeated massive revision In a practical sense, they have been a author Authors: Thac Binh Cuong M.Sc Lời giới thiệu Việc đọc tài liệu hướng dẫn tiếng Anh lĩnh vực công nghệ thông tin nhu cầu cấp thiết, tiến tới việc hội nhập CNTT vùng giới, giảng học chun đề tiếng Anh Trước tình hình đó, Nhà Xuất Bản Bách Khoa Hà Nội cho biên soạn giảng nhằm giúp , sinh viên phát triển kiến thức để giao tiếp tiếng Anh ngành cơng nghệ thơng tin Bài giảng dùng trường đại học, cao đẳng, dạy nghề cho , sinh viên biết làm chủ mẫu câu tiếng Anh thông dụng muốn mở rộng nâng cao kỹ ngôn ngữ môi trường công nghệ thông tin Sách cập nhật bao gồm tất khái niệm ngành công nghệ thông tin nhằm giúp , sinh viên làm quen với chuyên ngành tiếp thu kiến thức hữu ích mơn học Với mơ đun/ học bao gồm nhiều chủ đề công nghệ thơng tin, sử dụng đọc hình minh họa trích từ sách, báo, tạp chí chuyên ngành máy tính, Internet, trang Web, sách hướng dẫn mẩu tin quảng cáo nhằm giúp học viên thu nhận phát triển kỹ cần thiết để học môn Công nghệ Thông tin sau Bài giảng đặc biệt trọng vào việc phát triển kỹ đọc; thuật ngữ từ vựng quan trọng tách thành mục riêng để thu hút phát triển vốn từ học viên; có phần tập ngữ pháp giúp học viên ơn lại điểm ngữ pháp Phần cuối giảng bảng tra cứu thuật ngữ chuyên ngành dịch sang tiếng Việt, đáp án số gợi ý giảng dạy cần thiết cho giáo viên Bài giảng dễ sử dụng cho giáo viên nhờ cách trình bày rõ ràng, sử dụng nhiều hình ảnh đồ họa Đây giảng hữu ích cho người muốn có kỹ vốn coi bắt buộc để làm việc lĩnh vực ngành CNTT Với nhiều năm kinh nghiệm giảng dạy CNTT tiếng Anh tiếng Anh chuyên ngành CNTT, nhóm tác giả bỏ nhiều công sức, nỗ lực để biên soạn giảng phù hợp với môi trường giảng dạy Việt Nam Tuy nhiên, sai sót lúc biên soạn trình bày khơng thể tránh khỏi Rất mong nhận đóng góp đồng nghiệp người học để giảng ngày hoàn thiện hơn, phục vụ cho đông đảo bạn đọc Cuối cùng, để giảng đời, nhóm tác giả xin cảm ơn Chị Vũ thị Hương Trà, Lã Thị Hồng Thu cử nhân Tiếng Anh kỹ thuật, khoa Tiếng Anh Khoa Học Kỹ Thuật Công Nghệ trường Đại Học Bách Khoa Hà Nội nhiệt tình có trách nhiệm việc chế hiệu cho sách Cảm ơn sinh viên Đỗ Thị Bích Thuận sinh viên năm cuối (K52) viện Công nghệ Thông Tin Truyền Thông hiệu chỉnh từ ngữ chuyên ngành Với ý nghĩa thực tế, chị người đồng biên soạn sách Tác giả biên soạn: Xin chân than h cam̉ ơn ! Hà Nội, ngày… tháng… năm… Tham gia biên soạn Chủ biên Thạc Bình Cường Contents INTRODUCTION LƠÌ GIƠÍ THIỆU MÔN HỌC/MÔ ĐUN MODULE COMPUTERS TODAY Introduction Lời giới thiệu II.What is a computer? Lesson Inside the system Lesson Buying a computer Lesson Hard drives I.Flash-based gadgets II.Memory in a flash III Find words or phrases in the text with the following meanings IV Vocabulary revision I Warm-up Lesson The web I.A typical web page II.Language work: collocations III Language work: the prefixes e- and cyber IV What you use the Web for? I.On alert II.Security and privacy on the Internet Lesson Multimedia IV.Blogs IV.Language work: the present perfect MODULE COMPUTERS TOMORROW Lesson Networks I.Small networks II.Networking FAQs III Language work: phrasal verbs II.Language work: future forms III Making predictions Taì liệu tham khảo Error: Reference source not found 10) What modern operating systems offer? III Basic DOS commands Match the DOS commands on the left with the explanations on the right Some commands are abbreviations of English words FORMAT a erases files and programs from your disk CD (or CHDIR) b copies all files from one floppy disk to another DIR c changes your current directory MD ( or d initializes a floppy disk and prepares it for use MKDIR) DISKCOPY e displays a list of the files of a disk or directory BACKUP f changes names of your files REN g creates a subdirectory h saves the contents of the hard disk on floppy disk for (RENAME) DEL security purposes IV Language work: Revision of the passive A The present simple passive We form the present simple passive with am/is/are + past participle Example: This program is written in a special computer language Programs and data are usually stored on disks Remember that the word data takes a singular verb (3rd person singular) when it refers to the information operated on in a computer program The data is ready for processing B Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets 1) Various terminals (connect) ………………… to this workstation 2) Microcomputers (know) ………………… as ‘PCs’ 3) Magazines (typeset) ………………… by computers 4) When a particular program is run, the data (process) ………………… by the computer very rapidly 5) Hard disks (use) ………………… for the permanent storage of information 95 6) The drugdetecting (support) test in the Tour de France ………………… by computers 7) All the activities (coordinate) of the computer system ………………… by the central processing unit 8) In some modern systems information (hold) ………………… in optical disks V Quiz Work with a partner Try to answer as many questions as possible (Use the Glossary if you need to) 1) What name is given to the set of programs that interface between the user, the applications programs, and the computer? 2) What types of programs are designed for particular situations and specific purposes? 3) What does ‘MSDOS’ stand for? 4) What is the basic DOS command for copying a file? 5) The Macintosh operating system is kept in various locations Where exactly are these? 6) Can you give synonym for the term ‘routine’? 7) What is the abbreviation for ‘International Business Machines’? 8) Which company developed UNIX? 9) Which programming language allows you to play animations on the Web? 10) What are the effects of computer viruses? 96 Lesson The graphical user interface I A userfriendly interface The picture below illustrates a user interface based on graphics Read the definitions in the HELP box and then match with the concept in the right column: The interface elements of the Windows XP a HELP box Is an area of the computer screen where you can see the window menu windows can overlap each other The window on the top is pointer the one which is ‘active’, the one in use icons folders contents of a folder, a file, or a program Some systems allow several windows on the screen at the same time and b Are small picture on the screen They present programs, folders, or files For example, the Recycle Bin icon represents a program for deleting and restoring files Most systems have a special area of the screen on which icons appear c Give the user a list if choice You operate the menu by pressing and releasing one or more buttons on the mouse d Is the arrow you use to select icons or to choose options from a menu You move the pointer across the screen with the mouse Then you click a button on the mouse to use the object selected by the pointer e Containers for documents and applications, similar to 97 the subdirectories of a PC platform II Reading A Read the article below and decide which of the expressions in the box best describe a graphical user interface (GUI) userfriendly slow textbased complex graphicsbased attractive GUIs The terms userinterface clear aim: to facilitate interaction refers to the standard procedures with the user follows to interact with interface is a particular computer Window, Icon, the computer called Their WIMP: Mouse, and A good user interface is Pointer, and software products important because when you for the Macintosh have been buy a program you want to use designed to take full advantage of it easily Moreover, a graphical its features using this interface user interface saves a lot of In addition, the ROM chips of a time: to Macintosh contain libraries that memorize commands in order to provide program developers with execute an application; you only routines have to point and click so that windows, its you content don’t need appears on the screen Macintosh computers – with a user interface based on graphics and intuitive tools – were designed with a single for generating dialog boxes, icons, and popup or further nested folders At any menus the time within a folder, you can creation of applications with a launch the desired program or high level of consistency document by doubleclicking the This ensures Today, the most innovative GUIs are the Macintosh, icon or you can drag it to another location Microsoft Windows, and IBM OS/2 Warp platforms These three include similar The three platforms differ in other areas such as device features: a desktop with icons, installation, windows, and folders, a printer connectivity, or compatibility selector, a file finder, a control with application programs network desk These interfaces have been accessories Double clicking a so successful because they are folder opens a window which extremely easy to use It is contains programs, documents, well known that panel and various 98 computers running under an results, which has a major attractive impact on the general public interface stimulate users to be more creative produce high quality and B Look at the text again and guess the meaning of the words in bold and italics in your own language C Find answers to these questions 1) What does the abbreviation ‘GUI’ stand for? 2)What is the contribution of Macintosh computers to the development of graphic environments? 3) What does the acrony m ‘WIMP ’ mean? 4)What computing environments based on graphics are mentioned in the text? 5)How you run a program on a bl computer with a a c graphical c o interface? k n li t the importance of n a user friendly e i interfaces? s n 6)Can you give two reasons for III a it Exercise work s Add to the statements (110) using the extra information (aj) t h t A t b a r e r n e m a i n e c o l o f e c d e i s a p a p tr r o i n n i t c e c d o m s o c it po r is ne d a nt is b A floppy is a disk a o b it adds s u features to a e t computer cr t i et h A r s e c et si m u o z o i f e t t c o h f h e b ar a r o a p i a ct i s r er e a d s c p e r A o i f n p t a e s d s c w p a pe m g it is r f d su a o pe n r rm el p ar e r ke ct i ts r c us o i e acces s to a comp uter syste m c g e s ni n th allow b A monitor is an output device o e ar it reads and writes d to disks A CDROM drive is a common h it controls all the other A disk drive is a unit f it can hold 1.44Mb of data s A i n o e n x c p a a r n d 99 storage device computer A notebook boards in a is a i it displays data on a portable computer 10 The system unit is the screen j it main part of the computer IV Language work: Short relative clauses read data from a CD_ROM disk We can join these sentences by using a relative clause 1) Her house has a network 2) It allows basic filesharing and multiplayer gaming 1) + 2) Her house has a network which allows basic filesharing and multiplayer gaming Relative clauses with certain active verbs can be shortened by omitting the relative word and changing the verb to its ‘ing’ form We can shorten the relative clause like this: Her house has a network allowing basic filesharing and multiplayer gaming Note how these two sentences are joined by a relative clause 3) The technology is here today 4) The technology is needed to set up a home network 3) + 4) The technology which is needed to set up a home network is here today Relative clauses like this with passive verbs can be shortened by omitting the relative word and the verb ‘to be’ The technology needed to set up a home network is here today Now link each group of sentences into one sentence using short relative clause a b a b a b a b a The technology is here today It is needed to set up a home network You only need one network printer It is connected to the server Her house has a network It allows basic filesharing and multiplayer gaming There is a line receiver in the living room It delivers home entertainment audio to speakers Eve has designed a site 100 ... , sinh viên phát tri? ??n kiến thức để giao tiếp tiếng Anh ngành công nghệ thông tin Bài giảng dùng trường đại học, cao đẳng, dạy nghề cho , sinh viên biết làm chủ mẫu câu tiếng Anh thông dụng muốn... liệu hướng dẫn môn học Anh văn + Tài liệu hướng dẫn học tập thực hành môn học Anh văn + Giáo trình Mơn học Anh văn Nguồn lực khác: Phịng LAB mơn Anh văn đủ điều kiện nghe, nói đọc, viết thực... Anh tóm tắt nội dung tài liệu Nắm vốn từ vựng ngữ pháp tiếng Anh chuyên ngành CNTT Bố trí làm việc khoa học đảm bảo an toàn cho người phương tiện học tập III NỘI DUNG MÔN HỌC: Nội dung tổng quát