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Citations Out of the Box (Sách hay về trích dẫn tài liệu trong nghiên cứu)Frank G. BennettĐây là cuốn sách đặc biệt cần thiết cho các nghiên cứu sinh, những người đang thực hiện đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học hoặc luận văn cao học.Đây là cuốn sách đặc biệt cần thiết cho các nghiên cứu sinh, những người đang thực hiện đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học hoặc luận văn cao học.
Citations Out of the Box Frank G Bennett 2013 Copyright © 2013 by Frank G Bennett All rights reserved This book is released under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives license 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ For commercial use in whole or in part (beyond copying permitted by Section 107 and 108 of the U.S Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), contact the author Cover design by Titus Nemeth Typeset in LATEX from reStructuredText source Citations generated by citeproc-js driven by modified versions of zot4rst and citeproc-node “Bibliofile” is a trademark of The Library Corporation (U.S trademark no 2615443) “The Bluebook A Uniform System of Citation” is a trademark of The Yale Law Journal Corp., the University of Pennsylvania Law Review, the Harvard Law Review Assoc., and Columbia Law Review Assoc Inc (U.S trademark no 3886986) “colwiz” is a trademark of ColWiz Ltd Corp (U.S trademark no 4189487) “Electronic Arts” is a trademark of Electronic Arts Inc Corp (U.S trademark no 1911165) “EndNote” is a trademark of Thomson Reuters (Scientific) Inc (U.S trademark no 2124774) “GNU” is a trademark of Free Software Foundation (U.S trademark no 4125065) “LibreOffice” is a trademark of The Document Foundation (U.S trademark no 4166593) “Mac” is a trademark of Apple Inc Corp (U.S trademark nos 1968965, 2076153 and 1964391, International reg 0919238) “Mendeley” is a trademark of Mendeley Ltd Corp (U.S trademark serial no 77849260) “Microsoft” is a trademark of Microsoft Corp (International reg 1142097) “Pro-Cite” is a trademark of Thomson Reuters (Scientific) Inc (U.S trademark no 1472098) “Reference Manager” is a trademark of Thomson Reuters (Scientific) Inc (U.S trademark no 1897346) “Scrivener” is a trademark of Literature and Latte Ltd (U.S trademark no 4238354) “Ubuntu” is a trademark of Canonical Ltd (U.S trademark no 3150356) “Zotero” is a trademark of George Mason University (U.S trademark no 3602315) ISBN 978-1479347711 for Mieko In memoriam Marion Clarice Bennett née Springer Teacher, life-counsellor and beloved mother Table of Contents Foreword vii Acknowledgements ix Introduction About this Book Hard Cases Software and Science Law and Order Moving Forward 1 17 Getting Started Getting Oriented Installing Things First Steps Getting Help 19 19 20 22 28 Under the Bonnet MLZ and Zotero Abbreviation Filter Editing and Validating CSL- M Styles Site Translators Scannable Cite Markers 31 31 34 38 39 40 A Item Examples Artwork: Paintings, Photos, Sculptures Articles Audio Recordings and Musical Scores Blog Posts Books Book Chapters Cases: Federal Level or Unitary State Cases: Province, State or Subjurisdiction Classic Works Computer Programs Conference Papers Dictionary Entries 43 43 44 46 47 48 50 51 54 59 59 61 62 vi Table of Contents E-mail Encyclopedia Articles Films Forum Posts Legislative Bills Legislative Hearings Legislative Resolutions Looseleaf Services Instant Messages Interviews Letters Maps Manuscripts Newspaper Articles Patents Podcasts Presentations Radio Broadcasts Reports Statutes: United States Statutes: Other Jurisdictions Television Broadcasts Theses Treaties Tribunals: European Court of Human Rights Tribunals: European Commission of Human Rights United Nations: Resolutions Video Recordings Web Pages B Field Examples 63 64 65 65 66 67 68 70 70 71 71 72 73 73 74 75 76 76 77 78 82 83 84 84 86 88 90 91 92 93 C CSL- M Variables by Type 127 Index 136 Foreword by Lawrence Lessig* Law is expensive And inefficient And too often, an embarrassment Literally — embarrassing As a law professor and licensed attorney, I cringe when I start my Prius, and am told that I need to click “I Agree” in order to use my navigation system Agree to what, I have no idea Who has time to read such junk? Likewise with my iPhone, which in its latest incarnation instructs me to confirm that I have read and agreed to 68 pages of terms before I am permitted to make a telephone call Obviously, no one does what everyone affirms they have done Yet the law marches on, not really caring much that the world does not conform to the fictions it creates I don’t know why the obligation of efficiency has been lost in modern American law I don’t know when we lost the Holmesean instinct to throw silliness away But in domain after domain, lawyers tolerate the most ridiculous waste, because no one within the law seems tasked with the job of eliminating it Legal citation is a perfect instance of this more general flaw The dominant citation manual, The Bluebook, is a brilliant embarrassment Hundreds of pages long, with thousands of abbreviations, and convoluted rules specifying, among other things, typeface variations — the system seems designed to punish paralegals, or first year associates Of course, it was not designed with those purposes And it is maintained by smart and decent souls aiming to the best they can But whatever its virtues when invented, the system is an embarrassment in the 21st century As anyone remotely familiar with the capabilities of modern information technology recognizes, the idea that humans spin brain cycles conforming to these rules is simply absurd In 1974, things may have been different In the days before computers, a complex reference manual may have made sense But everything these citation manuals computers could better The human brain was not invented/evolved/created (you pick) to waste its time with silliness like this This book launches a platform that could help end this injustice By building and implementing an open source uniform citation method, Frank Bennett radically simplifies the process of citation, and encourages a generation of innovation on top of his own With these tools, one can cite more simply today And with the platform launched today, this process will only get simpler still There will be a day when lawyers will no longer even remember that their legal education included memorizing when small caps versus italics was required, or how “legal” gets abbreviated * Roy L Furman Professor of Law and Leadership at Harvard Law School, Director, Edmond J Safra Center for Ethics viii Foreword Getting to that day will not be simple No doubt, there will be some who fight to preserve their particular bit of the inefficiency of today’s system — sometimes because they can’t imagine a better system, sometimes to preserve the rents the existing system gives them We created uniform citation, these souls insist We should have the right to control it But progress is the story of great innovations displaced There was a time when credit card companies distributed weekly printed lists of stolen credit card numbers, and merchants compared a credit card to the pages on that booklet Brilliant — for the time But “common sense revolts at the idea,” to borrow from Justice Douglas, that the creator of that idea might have the right to block the same task being performed by computers George Eastman’s company, Kodak, delivered a high quality and inexpensive technology for capturing images on film That innovation was destroyed by digital imaging I’m sure there’s a legal memo in the archives of Kodak exploring ways to block (or control) the technology that eventually killed that great company I’m sure the authors of that memo are hopeful history never finds it The law is expensive It should be cheaper The law is inefficient It should feel the obligation that every competitive business does to change, and become more efficient No doubt citation is a small bit of the inefficiency of law generally But if we can’t fix this, then the enterprise has indeed become hopeless I am not convinced it is hopeless To the contrary, I am very hopeful that lawyers everywhere will embrace the platform Frank Bennett has launched, and extend it in ways that improve the work it is intended to achieve: a simple and practically costless way to point at the source that provides authority for your claim His is not the only effort Others are trying as well But that is precisely the competition this system needs, so that someday, this completely mindless task might be done by something other than human minds Acknowledgements Any project is a journey This one began in the heat of personal pride, and has led by degrees to a cooler place: it has taught me to better appreciate the value of family and friendship, and the strength of community The chief subject of this book, Multilingual Zotero (MLZ), is a derivative work: most of its source code has been copied unabashedly from the Zotero reference manager Thanks are due in the first instance to Dan Cohen and Sean Takats, who as co-Directors of the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media at George Mason University opted to release Zotero as free and open software Without an open-source Zotero, MLZ would not exist The specific catalyst for the MLZ project itself was the Second Annual CiNII API Contest, organised by the Japan National Institute for Informatics in 2009 Looking at the announcement, Avram Lyon and I formed the naive notion that multilingual functionality could be added to Zotero in the few months remaining to the contest deadline When our pitch to core Zotero developers Dan Stillman and Simon Kornblith yielded offers of server space and support, the project found its place in the garage; and with translation work by Tatsuki Sugiura and a little feedback from Sh¯oji Kajita, we managed to get a presentable submission together The judges were not impressed, unfortunately, but with rough code in place we had a foundation for further tinkering The plan to build robust legal support into MLZ was cast in a similar spirit of careless optimism The initial response to this was muted—apart from some rather surprising legal rumblings Professor Lessig kindly took time out from his busy schedule to help address these, and I am honoured to receive the Foreword to this volume from his hand Thomas Bruce, Shigeru Kagayama, Carl Malamud and Robert Richards also expressed interest and encouragement at an early stage These sparks of recognition kept the fires of inspiration burning Legal and multilingual support in MLZ extend a second open-source project: the Citation Style Language (CSL) CSL is the brainchild of Bruce D’Arcus, who laid the foundations for its development years before it was given the breath of life by adoption in Zotero Thanks to the effort of many contributors, CSL is something of a phenomenon in bibliographic circles It has been (and continues to be) a pleasure to work with those who drive the project forward, including most especially Rintze Zelle (as CSL developer and release manager), and Sebastian Karcher (as prolific style author and CSL support guru) The CSL formatter in MLZ (citeproc-js) is my own code, originally prepared for use in Zotero The idea of writing a new formatter from scratch was prompted by preliminary JavaScript code shared by Erik Hetzner It was pre- x Acknowledgements ceded by Simon Kornblith’s original CSL processor for Zotero, and by Andrea Rossato’s excellent citeproc-hs written in Haskell Both Simon and Andrea generously provided advice based on their own deeper experience in development More recently, the project has been informed by feedback from Charles Parnot (of Papers), Sylvester Keil (author of citeproc-ruby) and Simon Hewitt (of Docear) Hints along the way were taken from experimental work in Python by Johan Kool and Bruce D’Arcus Detailed technical advice and hands-on feedback from less-than-perfect releases of MLZ and citeproc-js has been received from Faolan Cheslack-Postava, Fergus Gallagher, Simon Hewitt, James Jardine, Simon Kornblith, David Lester, Phillip Lord, Avram Lyon, Carles Pina, Mikko Rönkkö and Aurimas Vinckevicius, among others Improvements to multilingual support were encouraged by generous support from the Cluster of Excellence “Asia and Europe in a Global Context”, of the Karl Jaspers Centre for Advanced Transcultural Studies in Heidelberg University Invaluable feedback has been received from early adopters, many faced with projects of significant size Particular thanks are due to Rudolf Ammann, Hiro Aragaki, Anna Clawson, Grégoire Colly, Eric Decker, Gonçalo Gato, Andrea Hacker, Sras Hem, Nathan Hopson, Valdemaras Klumbys, Nop Kanharith, Won Bok Lee, Peter Martin, Mariana Münning, Maxim Nazarenko, Jens Østergaard Peterson, Phan Cong Thanh, Nicolas Pinet, Tiziana Scarramuzza, Stephan De Spiegeleire, Sean Takats, Paul Troop, Ty Vichet, John Willinsky, Deborah M Weiss, and Olga Zelinska The legal styles documented in this volume are a collaborative product Julia Caldwell is the creator, with John Prebble, of the MLZ New Zealand Law style; the MLZ McGill Guide styles are based on original work by Phillipe Tousignant (French) and Liam McHugh-Russell (English); Sandra Meredith responded to frequent questions during preparation of the MLZ OSCOLA style; and the foundation of MLZ Chicago Full Note is the original CSL style by Elena Razlogova My colleagues at Nagoya University opened the door to this project through exceptional forbearance and patience that I gratefully acknowledge Claudia Ishikawa, Sean McGinty (who provided feedback on Chapter 1), Yoshiharu Matsuura, Manabu Matsunaka, Yasutomo Morigiwa, and Saori Okuda deserve special mention for their supportive interest Rintze Zelle generously reviewed a rough manuscript through several revisions, greatly improving its clarity and accuracy Titus Nemeth provided the artwork that graces the finished volume, after an initial cover design drew tactful reservations from friends I am much in debt for these acts of kindness My siblings have tolerated unacceptably long gaps in correspondence during this effort I deeply regret being unable to present the completed work to our mother, who passed away as the manuscript moved toward publication Credit for finally getting the project to press belongs to my spouse Mieko, whose patient resolve and gentle encouragement in the face of perennial declarations of near-completion have well exceeded the ordinary bounds of human endurance 124 ❘ Field Examples URL All types Example When used, this field should contain a valid URL ❘ URL URL ☎ ✞ http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/scigen/ ✝ ✆ University Thesis Example Enter the university name alone here, as it should appear in citations ❘ University ✞ Corllins University ✝ publisher ☎ ✆ Version Computer Program Example The version level at which the author parted company with the Windows operating system Version ✞ 3.1 ✝ version ☎ ✆ ❘ Volume Audio Recording, Bill, Book, Book Section, Classic, Conference Paper, Dictionary Entry, Encyclopedia Article, Gazette, Journal Article, Magazine Article, Regulation, Treaty, Video Recording Use this field for discretely published subunits of a larger work That phrasing is awkward, but a “volume number” may mean different things for different media In an Audio Recording or Video Recording item, it may be a cassette, disk, or archived computer file Example Practice with this field may vary, but Volume volume ☎ ✞ unless clarity demands otherwise, 42 ✝ ✆ try to limit the content to the bare number or key, without a label, and enter the type of medium (disk, LP, floppy disk, etc.) in the Format field Field Examples ❘ 125 Website Title Artwork, Video Recording, Web Page Example This one can presumably handle our traffic ❘ Website Title ✞ Slashdot ✝ container-title ☎ ✆ Website Type Blog Post, Web Page Citing dynamic sources on the Web is a descriptive challenge This field provides a space for entering a (preferably terse) category description of the site containing the source Example The content of the Website Type Website Type ✞ field can be transformed for individAuction site ✝ ual citation styles via the Titles list in the Abbreviation Filter See page 34 for details ❘ genre ☎ ✆ Year As Vol Case Year as periodical volume Where a periodical source (such Year ✞ As Vol collection-number ☎ as a case reporter) uses the year of 1984 ✝ ✆ publication as a volume number, the year should be entered as shown in the example For legal cases, the date of decision should also be entered in the Date field Appendix C CSL- M Variables by Type Artwork abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 call-number, 99 container-title, 125 dimensions, 95 issued, 103 language, 111 medium, 112 note, 107 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Audio Recording abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 call-number, 99 collection-title, 120, 121 composer, 101 container-title, 94 dimensions, 119 edition, 106, 117 ISBN, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 medium, 107 note, 107 number-of-volumes, 93 publisher, 111 publisher-place, 114, 115 section, 113 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 volume, 124 Bill abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive_location, 112 authority, 111 chapter-number, 121 collection-number, 96 container-title, 118 event, 118 genre, 121 issued, 103 jurisdiction, 111 language, 111 note, 107 number, 97 page, 114 section, 119 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 volume, 124 Blog Post abstract, 94 accessed, 94 128 CSL- M Variables by Type author, 96, 97 container-title, 98 genre, 125 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Book abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 collection-number, 120 collection-title, 120 edition, 106 editor, 106 ISBN, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 number-of-pages, 93 number-of-volumes, 93 publisher, 117 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 volume, 124 Book Section abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 collection-number, 120 collection-title, 120 container-title, 98 edition, 106 editor, 106 ISBN, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 number-of-volumes, 93 page, 114 publisher, 117 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 volume, 124 Case abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 authority, 102 call-number, 99 collection-number, 125 container-title, 118 genre, 117, 122 issue, 110 jurisdiction, 111 language, 111 note, 107 number, 105 page, 107 publisher, 117 publisher-place, 114, 115 title, 100 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Classic abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 CSL- M Variables by Type archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 genre, 123 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 number-of-pages, 93 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 volume, 124 Computer Program abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 call-number, 99 collection-title, 120, 121 ISBN, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 medium, 122 note, 107 publisher, 101 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 version, 124 Conference Paper abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 collection-title, 120 container-title, 99 129 DOI, 102 editor, 106 event, 101, 102 ISBN, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 page, 114 publisher, 117 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 volume, 124 Dictionary Entry abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 collection-number, 120 collection-title, 120 edition, 106 editor, 106 ISBN, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 number-of-volumes, 93 page, 114 publisher, 117 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 volume, 124 Document abstract, 94 130 CSL- M Variables by Type accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 editor, 106 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 publisher, 117 reviewed-author, 119 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 E-mail abstract, 94 accessed, 94 author, 96, 97 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 title, 122 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Encyclopedia Article abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 collection-number, 120 collection-title, 120 edition, 106 editor, 106 ISBN, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 number-of-volumes, 93 page, 114 publisher, 117 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 volume, 124 Film abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 call-number, 99 dimensions, 119 genre, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 medium, 107 note, 107 publisher, 105 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Forum Post abstract, 94 accessed, 94 author, 96, 97 container-title, 108 genre, 115 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Gazette abstract, 94 accessed, 94 author, 96, 97 chapter-number, 121 container-title, 118 CSL- M Variables by Type jurisdiction, 111 language, 111 note, 107 number, 116 page, 114 section, 119 title, 113 title-short, 121 URL, 124 volume, 124 Hearing abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive_location, 112 author, 123 authority, 111 chapter-number, 113, 121 collection-number, 96 committee, 101 container-title, 118 event, 118 genre, 121 issued, 103 jurisdiction, 111 language, 111 note, 107 number, 98 number-of-volumes, 93 page, 114 publisher, 117 publisher-place, 114, 115 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Instant Message abstract, 94 accessed, 94 author, 96, 97 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 title, 123 title-short, 121 131 URL, 124 Interview abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 call-number, 99 interviewer, 109 issued, 103 language, 111 medium, 112 note, 107 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 Journal Article abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 collection-title, 120, 121 container-title, 116 DOI, 102 editor, 106 ISSN, 109 issue, 110 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 page, 114 reviewed-author, 119 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 volume, 124 Letter abstract, 94 132 CSL- M Variables by Type accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 genre, 123 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Magazine Article abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 container-title, 116 ISSN, 109 issue, 110 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 page, 114 reviewed-author, 119 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 volume, 124 Manuscript abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 genre, 123 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 number-of-pages, 93 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 Map abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 call-number, 99 collection-title, 120, 121 edition, 106 genre, 123 ISBN, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 publisher, 117 publisher-place, 114, 115 scale, 119 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Newspaper Article abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 authority, 102 call-number, 99 container-title, 116 edition, 106 ISSN, 109 issued, 103 jurisdiction, 111 language, 111 CSL- M Variables by Type note, 107 original-date, 100 page, 114 publisher-place, 114, 115 reviewed-author, 119 section, 119 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 Patent abstract, 94 accessed, 94 authority, 110 jurisdiction, 111 language, 111 note, 107 number, 114 original-date, 115 page, 114 pending-number, 94 publisher-place, 114, 115 rank-number, 116 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Podcast abstract, 94 accessed, 94 collection-title, 120, 121 dimensions, 119 issued, 103 language, 111 medium, 107 note, 107 number, 106 publisher, 117 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Presentation abstract, 94 133 accessed, 94 event, 112 genre, 123 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 publisher-place, 114, 115 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Radio Broadcast abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 call-number, 99 container-title, 116 dimensions, 119 issued, 103 language, 111 medium, 107 note, 107 number, 106 publisher, 113 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Regulation abstract, 94 accessed, 94 author, 96, 97 chapter-number, 121 container-title, 118 genre, 123 jurisdiction, 111 language, 111 note, 107 number, 116 page, 114 publisher, 117 section, 119 134 CSL- M Variables by Type title, 113 title-short, 121 URL, 124 volume, 124 Report abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 authority, 109 call-number, 99 collection-title, 120, 121 genre, 118 issued, 103 jurisdiction, 111 language, 111 note, 107 number, 118 page, 114 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 Statute abstract, 94 accessed, 94 author, 96, 97 chapter-number, 121 collection-number, 117 container-title, 100 genre, 117 jurisdiction, 111 language, 111 note, 107 number, 116 page, 114 publisher, 117 section, 119 title, 113 title-short, 121 URL, 124 volume, 100 Thesis abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 genre, 123 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 number-of-pages, 93 publisher, 124 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Treaty abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 author, 96, 97 call-number, 99 container-title, 118 editor, 106 language, 111 note, 107 page, 114 publisher, 117 reviewed-author, 119 section, 119 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 volume, 124 TV Broadcast abstract, 94 CSL- M Variables by Type accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 call-number, 99 container-title, 116 dimensions, 119 issued, 103 language, 111 medium, 107 note, 107 number, 106 publisher, 113 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 Video Recording abstract, 94 accessed, 94 archive, 95 archive_location, 112 call-number, 99 collection-title, 120, 121 container-title, 125 dimensions, 119 ISBN, 108 issued, 103 language, 111 medium, 107 note, 107 number-of-volumes, 93 publisher, 122 publisher-place, 114, 115 source, 112 title, 123 title-short, 121 URL, 124 volume, 124 Web Page abstract, 94 accessed, 94 author, 96, 97 135 container-title, 125 genre, 125 issued, 103 language, 111 note, 107 title, 123 title-short, 121 translator, 123 URL, 124 136 Index Index A Abbreviations, 2, 21, 27 accessing, 21, 34 categories, 35 importing, 37 lists, 22 suppressing output, 37 ALWD Manual, 11, 16 B Backing up data, 24, 25 BibTEX, 13 Bluebook, 9, 10, 14, 16 growth in size, 11, 15 licensing, 17 origins, Brainstorming, 40 C Cases parallel citation, procedural history, CiNii, 22 citeproc-js, Civil law jurisdictions, Classical works, 36 Client, see MLZ Client CSL schema, 31 specification, 31 CSL- M, 19, 22 compatibility with CSL, 32 distinct from CSL, 31, 32 schema, 32 specification, 32 D Document settings, 27 DOI, 13, 15 E End User License, see Licensing EndNote, Errata, 28, see MLZ errata page F Firefox profiles, 28 H HeinOnline, 15, 16 Help, 28 Hyphen escape, 50, 53, 56, 57, 70, 80 I ISBN, 13 J jurisdiction variable, L Language field, 4, 25 LATEX, Legal item types, 23 LEXIS, 12, 15 Licensing, 17 Locators embedded, 33 M Manual data entry, 23 Maroonbook, 11, 16 Mind-mapping, 40 MLZ workflow, 18 MLZ Client, caution, 32 distinct from Zotero, 2, 19, 32 Firefox dependency, 20 legal types in, 23 Zotero compatibility, 20 MLZ errata page, 28 Multilingual examples, 3, Language field, multiple layouts, Multilingual fields, 25 Index accessing, 27 configuration, 25, 26 deleting, 27 nicknames, 25 standard tags, 25 syncing, 20 O Open source importance of, ix, versus proprietary, Outlining, 40 P Page numbers in neutral case citations, 107 Parallel citations, cases, 6, statutes, Periodical type locator, 33 PowerPoint, 76 Presentation slides, 76 Profiles, see Firefox profiles R Regular expressions, 15 RIS, 14 S Saving data, 23 Section field, 6, 23, 34 Site translators, 22, 39 setMultiCreator(), 39 setMultiField(), 39 Statutory references, complexity, Section field, see Section field Support, 21, 28 Sync, see Zotero Sync T Terms of Use, see Licensing Translators, see Site translators U Uniform Resource Identifier, see URL 137 Updates, see MLZ errata page URL, 13 W Westlaw, 12, 14, 15 Word processor plugins, 2, 21 Z Zotero links drag-and-drop, 42 notes, 42 Zotero Style Repository, 19 Zotero Sync, 32 quota, 24 zotero.sqlite, 32 [...]... agitated about the details of metadata formats, but for our purposes the key point is simply that structured metadata is structured, so that computers can parse out the content and do interesting and useful things with it Using either of the structured descriptions above, a computer can retrieve a list of other works by the authors, reconstruct the table of contents of the journal issue in which their article... processors and personal computers made their debut in the 1980s, in a second wave of development The leading example of these today is the proprietary EndNote product.8 The utility of these tools is reflected in the extent of their deployment, with LATEX boasting a broad base of users in maths-intensive disciplines, and EndNote claiming an installed base in the millions.9 These early projects were aimed at... the item is naturally taken to be the entire work cited An example in the American Law style: (1) DAVID L ODGE, S MALL W ORLD 23 (Penguin Books 1995) (2) Id at 97 The first reference above is to page 23 of Small World; the second is to page 97 of the same novel Following the requirements of the style, the citation details of the second reference are replaced with id The American Law style applies the. .. mixture of jurisdictions The arcana of citation conventions in any one country pale against the demands of comparative research If these tasks can be simplified, the method for doing so can and should be shared In the interest of broad dissemination, both the MLZ software and this text are freely available.3 If you have already purchased a copy of the book, your money has not been wasted: sales of the. .. Statutes, on the other hand, are divided into discrete provisions at the point of publication, each of which may be the focus of detailed interpretation and debate In note-taking, these are often a more natural unit of reference than the statute as a whole Accordingly, MLZ permits single provisions to be recorded in the database, by setting the pinpoint information in the Section field, as shown in the illustration... S YSTEM OF C ITATION , at ii (11th ed 1967) 20 See, e.g Richard A Posner, Goodbye to the Bluebook, 53 U C HI L R EV 1343, 1343–44 (1986) ( The particular faults of the Bluebook place it in the mainstream of American legal thought The vacuity and tendentiousness of so much legal reasoning are concealed by the awesome scrupulousness with which a set of intricate rules governing the form of citations. .. and attention to consistency.22 Neither of these projects has come close to usurping the leading guide, although both are now well established in their respective niches Of the two, the ALWD Manual is thought to have enjoyed the larger take-up.23 Seeking to explain the staying power of the unpopular incumbent, one reviewer has looked to network effects the economic theory that users as a class may adhere... 1.1 shows the page counts of the leading style and its would-be competitors as a function of time While the Maroonbook has striven for compactness,26 the more “compatible” ALWD Manual has tracked the inflationary tendency of the leading guide If this confirms the expectations of network effects theory, that would hardly be a cause for celebration, since the primary complaint directed at the leading... see the dancin’ The silhouettes on the shade I hear the music, all the lovers on parade Open up, I wanna come in again I thought you were my friend —Yvonne Baker and the Sensations1 About this Book This book is a coming -of- age celebration for Multilingual Zotero (MLZ), software that offers an alternative to the time-honoured practice of hand-crafting citations in legal and multilingual publishing The. .. for the article to our Zotero or MLZ database; • Find copies of the article supplied by other vendors; • Attach a copy of the article to the Zotero or MLZ item just created; • Insert a citation for the article into a document It is not necessary to laboriously type out citation details for these operations That was done once by the maintainers of HeinOnline when the article was published, and there ... (2) Id at 97 The first reference above is to page 23 of Small World; the second is to page 97 of the same novel Following the requirements of the style, the citation details of the second reference... it Using either of the structured descriptions above, a computer can retrieve a list of other works by the authors, reconstruct the table of contents of the journal issue in which their article... leading example of these today is the proprietary EndNote product.8 The utility of these tools is reflected in the extent of their deployment, with LATEX boasting a broad base of users in maths-intensive