Rocks materials of the solid earthchapter 2

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Rocks materials of the solid earthchapter 2

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Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth Chapter Earth Science, 6e Modified by Dr Kane What is a Rock? How would you define a rock and a mineral? What types of Rocks are there? Igneous Rocks: from magma or lava Origin: igneous activity • Example: granite or basalt Sedimentary rocks: from sediments Origin: weathering and erosion Example: sandstone or clay Metamorphic rocks: from stress Origin: mountain building Example: gneiss or marble The rock cycle (page 45) PART – I: IGNEOUS ROCKS FEEDBACK: From what process igneous rocks from? Plate Margins • Divergent: Plates pull apart Example: Mid ocean ridge; Rift • Convergent: Plate come together – Ocean – Continent; Ex: Cascades, Andes – Ocean – Ocean; Ex: Japan, Caribbean – Continent – Continent; Himalaya • Transform Fault: Plates slide Origin of Magma (page 228) Magma forms at three major geological settings: • Divergent (Ex: Mid ocean ridge) • Convergent (Ex: Cascades volcanoes) • Intra plate Not a plate margin (Ex: Hawaii, Hot spot) Origin of Magma (page 148) Mid Ocean Ridge (divergent) Subduction Zone (Convergent) –Which texture indicates a magma rich in gases? a b c d e Phaneritic Aphanitic Porphyritic Pyroclastic None of these 10 –Which texture indicates two rates of cooling? a b c d e Phaneritic Aphanitic Vesicular Pyroclastic None of these 11 – Where to find a felsic magma? a b c d At mid ocean ridge On the ocean floor On the continental crust At subduction zone 12 –Which term means finegrained texture? a b c d e Aphanitic Phaneritic Porphyritic Vesicular None of these 13 - Texture? a: Glassy Or b: Pophyritic 14 - Which texture means all coarse-grained rock? a b c d e Aphanitic Porphyritic Phaneritic Glassy Vesicular 16 - Quartzite is what type of metamorphic rock? a Regional metamorphism b Contact metamorphism c Not a metamorphic rock 84 17 – In what type of metamorphism pressure and temperature work together? a b c d Contact metamorphism Regional metamorphism All of the above None of the above 85 18 - What is the parent rock of limestone? a b c d e Quartzite Granite Marble Basalt This does not make sense 86 19 – Which one of these is a foliated metamorphic rock? a b c d e Marble Granite Mica-schist Basalt Shale 87 20 -What type of weathering is frost wedging? a Chemical weathering b Mechanical weathering c Soil sampling d a and b e None of the above What type of weathering is oxidation? a Chemical weathering b Mechanical weathering c Soil sampling d a and b e None of the above 22 - Exfoliation results from a Frost wedging b Oxidation c Unloading d Thermal expansion e None of the above 23 - Which one is the metamorphic rock? Do not take a SANDSTONE for b GRANITE (granted)! Have a c GNEISS (nice) day! 91 THE END THAT’S ALL FOLKS! THANK YOU!!!

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Mục lục

  • Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth Chapter 2

  • What is a Rock?

  • What types of Rocks are there?

  • The rock cycle (page 45)

  • PART – I: IGNEOUS ROCKS

  • Plate Margins

  • Origin of Magma (page 228)

  • Origin of Magma (page 148)

  • Mid Ocean Ridge (divergent)

  • Subduction Zone (Convergent)

  • Causes of Magma Formation

  • Types of Igneous rocks

  • Classification of Igneous rocks

  • Rate of Cooling and Crystal Size

  • Feedback:

  • Types of Textures

  • Slide 17

  • Photomicrograph

  • Slide 19

  • What’s the texture?

  • What’s the texture?

  • What’s the texture?

  • Slide 23

  • Slide 24

  • Obsidian Aztec

  • Temple Mayor, Mexico

  • Chemical Classification of Igneous rocks

  • PowerPoint Presentation

  • Feedback

  • Question

  • Naming Igneous rocks

  • Slide 32

  • Texture? Mafic or Felsic?

  • Texture? Mafic or Felsic?

  • Slide 35

  • Naming Igneous Rocks

  • Classification of igneous rocks

  • PART – II: Sedimentary rocks

  • Weathering

  • Frost wedging (page 55)

  • Joint-controlled weathering in igneous rocks

  • Unloading and exfoliation of igneous rocks

  • Slide 43

  • Factors of weathering

  • Chemical Weathering

  • Sedimentary Rocks

  • Classifying sedimentary rocks

  • Classification of sedimentary rocks (page 59)

  • Shale with plant fossils

  • Sandstone

  • Conglomerate

  • Classifying sedimentary Rocks

  • A – Chemical Organic Rocks

  • Fossiliferous limestone

  • B - Chemical Inorganic rocks

  • Rock salt

  • Features of Sedimentary rocks

  • PART – III: Metamorphic Rocks

  • Metamorphic rocks

  • Causes and Types of metamorphism?

  • Types of pressure (stress) in metamorphism

  • Metamorphic Grades

  • Metamorphic Textures

  • Marble – a Nonfoliated metamorphic rock

  • Development of foliation due to directed pressure

  • Gneiss typically displays a banded appearance

  • Classification of metamorphic rocks

  • Resources from rocks and minerals

  • End of Chapter 3

  • 1 - The Texture of an igneous rock is

  • 2 – Texture of igneous rocks is determined by

  • 3 - The slower the rate of cooling, the …

  • 4 - Which terms characterize a basalt?

  • 5 - Name the volcanic rock (s)

  • 6 - Is this rock: a: Plutonic? Or b: Volcanic?

  • 7 – Porphyritic-aphanitic is what type of rock?

  • 8 – Where to find a basaltic magma?

  • 9 –Which texture indicates a magma rich in gases?

  • 10 –Which texture indicates two rates of cooling?

  • 11 – Where to find a felsic magma?

  • 12 –Which term means fine-grained texture?

  • 13 - Texture? a: Glassy Or b: Pophyritic

  • 14 - Which texture means all coarse-grained rock?

  • 16 - Quartzite is what type of metamorphic rock?

  • 17 – In what type of metamorphism do pressure and temperature work together?

  • 18 - What is the parent rock of limestone?

  • 19 – Which one of these is a foliated metamorphic rock?

  • 20 -What type of weathering is frost wedging?

  • What type of weathering is oxidation?

  • 22 - Exfoliation results from

  • 23 - Which one is the metamorphic rock?

  • THE END

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