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CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT AT VIETNAM TECHNOLOGICAL AND COMMERCIAL JOINT STOCK BANK TECHCOMBANKQuản lý rủi ro trong hoạt động tín dụng tại ngân hàng TMCP Techcombank GENERAL THEORY STRATEGIC PLANNING BUSINESS ENTERPRISES THE ISSUE CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS STRATEGY IN TECHCOMBANKCREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT AT TECHCOMBANK
LUẬN VĂN Quản lý rủi ro hoạt động tín dụng ngân hàng TMCP Techcombank THESIS CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT AT VIETNAM TECHNOLOGICAL AND COMMERCIAL JOINT- STOCK BANK - TECHCOMBANK Chapter I - The opening Why choose theme? Vietnam's economy for more than a decades there have been steps boom not only in the region but also spread out all over the world According to the General Statistics Office Vietnam total domestic income (GDP) of Vietnam in 2007 reached approximately 1114 trillion equivalent to 71.4 billion dollars) increased by 8% over 2006 To get the achievement that the role of banks is important The role of banks has helped stabilize the economy is more in the past year Commercial Joint Stock Bank Technical Trade of Vietnam - Techcombank is a bank in Vietnam has made tremendous positive contributions Growth of bank credit over the years has increased However, besides the increase in the status of overdue debts at the bank contains many potential risks Group has chosen 11 research projects: credit risk management in Techcombank "as key themes for your comment This topic hoph consistent with the situation assessment practices contribute to prevent credit risks in banks in Vietnam and at the same time improving the efficiency of credit management at the bank prices Objectives of research: + Study the basic theories of active credit risk management and business strategies of commercial banks Vietnam + Role of the importance of credit to enterprises in economic development + Measures to limit credit risk + The proposed uniform and high-performance computer controls contribute to credit risk in commercial banks in Vietnam Scope of research: Subjects studied: Customers in Techcombank Scope of research: Research on the state of credit risk management and business strategy in Techcombank and effective solutions Time research: From 2006 to 2008 Research Methodology: Collection, statistical data, interpret and draw conclusions Analysis of data on the relative and absolute From which to draw comments on credit risk management and business strategies in prices Structure of course comment; Chapter 1: The opening Chapter 2: General Theory of planning business strategies of enterprises Chapter 3: Status of credit risk management and business strategies in prices Chapter 4: The solutions for credit risk management and business strategies in prices CHAPTER II - GENERAL THEORY STRATEGIC PLANNING BUSINESS ENTERPRISES I OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS STRATEGY 1.1.1 What is business strategy The term “strategy” originated in the art of war in olden times It is considered as the art of commanding means to win Borrowed from military term, the word “strategy” is used popularly in both macro and micro economy There are many conceptions about strategy such as: - Strategy is an art of creating competitive advantages to defend (M.Porter) - Strategy is to define the way and means to reach the specific target through policies (General Aileret) - Strategy is an art of combining and controlling actions to achieve long term targets (G.Hirsch) According to another approach, “Strategy” is a manner that helps company answer questions: “Were we want to go? Where and how we can go? What we have? What others have?” From the above conceptions, the term strategy of a company implies and reflects a target in a long-term (3, or 10 years) The process of deciding a strategy included competitive environment, strengths and weaknesses We can see that a company strategy is a product It combines the environment factor and the things that the company can reach and want to reach Through times, the conceptions of strategy have changed There are now two popular conceptions: - Business strategy is a mean to achieve the long-term target The idea of business strategy is to attack and to win in competitive market - Business strategy is a set of long-term target, policies, production and business solutions, finance and human factor to develop the company business activities and reach higher quality In summary, business strategy is an art of optimal organizing and combining resources It proposes and implements the decision that is suitable to the variable trend of environment to win in competitions and reach the long-term target 1.1.2 Specific meaning of Business strategy We can see the basic figures of business strategy are: - Business strategy has to specify the basic target in each phase and be grasped thoroughly - Ensure to mobilize totally and combine optimally the using of human and financial resources Take full advantage of opportunity to contend with other competitors - Is reflected during a continuous process from building to evaluating, inspecting and adjusting strategy - Is built and implemented in a long-term period (3, or 10 years) In the market mechanism, the building and deploying business strategy has an important meaning to the existence and development of a company - It helps the company recognize the target and direction It is the foundation for determining the orientation and when the company can reach the specific target - The market fluctuation always creates opportunity and risk To build and implement business strategy will help the company grasp and take advantage of it and overcome the market risk and trap - To build and implement business strategy will firmly create foundation for suitable decision - To build and implement business strategy will take part in increasing the effectiveness of using resources Reinforce the competitive position and ensure an unshakeable development 1.1.3 The necessary of Company Business strategy 1.1.3.1 Financial benefit The researches show that if a company has a good strategy, it will be successful The company that has good financial condition trends to plan for the internal and external fluctuation 1.1.3.2 Non financial benefit With the strategy, the company operation will follow one direction This will bring success and high benefit It helps the company to develop with a stable organization and relationship… It will raise the productivity and reduce the risk Besides, it will bring order and discipline to the company It is the beginning of an effective administration system, restore the belief of current business strategy and execute the correcting activities 1.2 Building and choosing the Company Business strategy 1.2.1 Process of Business strategy The conception of administration appeared for a long time but the administrative theory that was researched basing on the scientific analysis appeared in late 19th and early 20th decade Strategic administration is a process of researching environment to set up strategic targets, policies and solutions It will help organization to bring out strategies, policies and give decision of correcting, inspecting, evaluating the business strategy execution 1.2.1.1 Phase of Forming strategy Forming strategy is a process of setting up the business task, surveying the internal and external factors, proposing the long-term targets and choosing replaceable strategies It has basic activities: - Research: collect and handle information about market This is called “Take a glance at the business environment” Basically, it specifies strong and weak points in the business field Other surveys could be executed such as employee spirit, productivity, advertisement and customer loyalty - Combine intuition and analysis: A few companies can develop prosperously with intuitional genius managers But most of the company gets benefit from strategy by combining harmoniously intuition and analysis in giving decision Give decision: no organization has infinite resource Therefore strategists must give decision about choosing an effectively replaceable strategy The decisions in this phase are about product, market, resource and technology 1.2.1.2 Phase of performing strategy This is a phase of action That means to mobilize all administer and employee to execute the planned strategies The basic activities are: - Set up annual targets: they are the milestone that companies have to obtain to reach the long-term target - Policies: they are means to achieve the target They include the instructions, regulations and procedures to support for reaching the targets - Distribute resources: it is an administrative activity that pays attention to the strategic execution Strategic administration allows companies to distribute the resources They are established by annual targets There are resources can be used: + Financial resource + Material resource + Human resource + Technical resource In summary, this phase is the most difficult one The execution requires discipline, devotion and sacrifice of each staff It will be successful if the managers can impulse staffs It is an art rather than a science 1.2.1.3 Phase of evaluating strategy It is very necessary to have this phase in each company A timely evaluation will alarm the problems so that administers can interfere before they become more serious Timely feedback information is the foundation of strategic evaluation Richard Rurnel has proposed standards of evaluating strategy: + Consistency + Suitableness + Advantage + Feasibility Figure 1.1: Strategic business of administration model – Feedback information Specify the responsibility of target and current strategy Control external factors to specify opportunity and risk Set up shortterm target Inspect and evaluate Reconsider the business target Control external factors to specify opportunity and risk Set up shortterm target Distribute production resource Choose strategies Propose policies 1.2.2 Analysis of Company Business environment 1.2.2.1 Factors of Business environment A good strategic management depends on the knowledge of companies about the environment that they are coping with The environment factors have wide and deep affect to the next step of the strategic management process The levels of environment that companies have to face are: macro environment, operation environment and internal environment Figure 1.2 Business environment factors Competitors Economy Providers Technology Company Institution & law Customers Replaceable products Society Nature and environment The macro environment includes external factors It affects to the operation environment and internal environment It creates opportunities as well as risk for companies The operation environment includes external factors It orients the competition in the business 10 Typical example is the use of model Porter and SWOT models M Porter model is E Porter founded and is now with the two models become model SWOT analysis of the operation of a business While the SWOT model to emphasize the strengths, weaknesses of each particular business model, the Porter model analysis of the factors in a competitive industry Method of Porter in fact is very large for the strategic planning for the sector, country or region The information on this credit will be collected after the screening, storage and handling of the audit methodology to look fuller, more overall activity as well as from a customer's loan capital One of the methods that audit also called classified internally Basically there are two main tools graded credit (credit rating) for businesses and consumers is credit scoring (credit scoring) for individual customers or small businesses The ranking, the credit score for customers will be very convenient for administrators RRTD solved a relatively thorough * Improving the quality of research, evaluation and analysis of customers Relationship bank credit is a relationship based on trust and mutual trust but also no less complicated by the fact the relationship is often violated, which is mainly caused by customer loans out This is because the study clients were not interested in properly Can be said that analysis, research, customers have a sense of great importance as it created to establish the initial base for the bank to make decisions in their business Analyzing and assessing client can perform the following five criteria: Review of the prestigious clients, including assessment of reputation, from the moral, qualities of the owner, the operator and the prestige of those people around, business is business safe or risky Review the legal capacity of enterprises through the establishment decision, business registration, charter operations, evaluate the capacity of an agent This helps the bank knows the ability to perform the obligation of loan repayment Analyze and evaluate the financial situation of enterprises. Based on analysis of financial statements of the business in three consecutive years, the bank conducted analyzing the level of risk of the loan later The financial analysis is done through group norms: norms of liquidity, capital structure, operating criteria, criteria for 57 profitability, market share of the business on products market Analysis of the ability to generate profits or business capacity of clients through the assessment of market and product position in the enterprise market, a favorite of consumers for products, resources for production and quality management of the business Analysis of the ability to narrow or extend credit in each period: Depending on the conditions and status of the economy and general direction of the State that each economic sector is the development of different trends, there be expanded or narrowed over it Thus credit officers should study capture the development trend of each economic sector may have to decide whether to expand or narrow the credit for the economic profession in order to avoid risks CREDIT INSTITUTIONS for the change-oriented development of economic sectors In addition, analyzing the plan, the project's business customers is extremely important because it directly related to ability to repay the bank The purpose of the evaluation phase is assessing projects are feasible or not A project is considered feasible that is capable of lucrative goods produced in accordance with market demand in terms of price, design and quality Apart from profits that have to bring the project in both the life of the project and the payback period for these are factors affecting the ability to repay the due date for the bank Such credit requires staff to have flexible methods of assessment and appropriate to make decisions to ensure credit quality first * Implementation of diversifying investments Diversifying the investment measures are calculated strategy to actively disperse risk in the credit activities of banks The nature of the diversification of investment is distributed over other investment asset classes In credit activities, too, the dispersion of risk through dispersed debt balance and co-financing Through this method, banks not concentrate too much capital for a loan that risk dispersion coefficient on the loan which reduces the overall risk for all credit activities In fact years, SGD has negotiated pretty much the credit contract, contract cofinanced, guaranteed contract between the bank co-financing as Na Duong Thermal Power Project, Henan Project Phase II , contract performance pledge of 58 assets formed from borrowed capital for investment projects equipment of the Corporation to build a transport works, disbursement up to the Electricity Company of Hanoi But we see no structure for loans equal, most focus on a number of traditional customers are corporations, the state enterprises so that the operation of bank current depends very much on the customer Therefore, banks should have customer policy to maintain reasonably good relations with traditional customers, and attract customers and expand in the fields, other industries make up the structure credit varied with the aim of reducing risks in credit activities and more profitable for banks Also banks have actively applied to diversify the forms of loans such as home loans, automobile installment purchase, lending support to small and medium enterprises, export financing loans, loan discount Dramatic documents, reciprocal lending by deposit Besides, banks need to coordinate a whole of services associated with bank credit activities in order to make the most customers * Develop credit policy clear Risks from customers is the main reason leading to risks in business credit and prevent TCT is very difficult and complex However, the cause can grasp and respond as if CREDIT INSTITUTIONS successful implementation supervision, inspection and management of clients before, during and after disbursement Simultaneously to build the customer policy, credit policy reasonable and uniform, through which CREDIT INSTITUTIONS will have strategies to prevent the implementation of the loan Credit policy has a request, just as required by the bank itself to be oriented in the appropriate use of capital so profitable, safe and healthy financial one The financial health is reflected through the performance of customers and not from the market, property Also effective is the customer's timely capture business opportunities, ensure your reputation with customers, investment interest, Add to that credit activities of commercial banks associated with a many objects from the business, business firms, individuals, agencies and managers, so the risk is diversified and risk-prevention requirements are a matter of concern of each bank 59 Thus credit policy must be the binding provisions of specific types of lending, the scale and boundaries of the loan, the elements necessary to ensure security for loans Have reasonable payoff mode simultaneously promoting training improve staff credit People are always important factors leading in all aspects of the economy especially the banking sector - a business area extremely sensitive characteristics by itself provides products and services As society increasingly requires the development of credit officers to cope in time, be keen to different situations arising in business credit that dung.Thuc international credit officers in SGD but are have professional qualifications but on the practical application is not flexible and acumen Besides the staff with enthusiasm, they lack the dynamic experience, lack a comprehensive understanding of all aspects of the economy Therefore the issue of training and retraining is very important to improve their professional knowledge, awareness and experience to keep up with growth rushing banking technology In the process of fostering and training must be linked with the practical argument for the staff meal credit can manipulate knowledge of a flexible and creative in practice In addition to regular redress ethical, professional working style, responsibility, discipline is working on commercial civilization in communication with customers hang.Thoi near future, SGD should contact training facilities reputable organizations to coordinate the training of professional import / export business short term, project evaluation, labor wage, knowledge of international economic integration, practice management of operating in foreign banks to grant planning leaders to create conditions for officers attending the basic training program, converting university, learn, and the two universities Credit officers who direct the evaluation and proposed loan customers and is the main person responsible for the credit So than ever, must always increase the responsibilities of staff in the decentralized credit for each credit officers in credit limit, thereby can avoid moral hazard in credit activities Along with the liability regime should also mount a bank credit activities with a fair payoff mode, strictly, sure to encourage labor For staff have excellent performance, banks need praised, rewarded both physical and mental so that adequate results they bring, including 60 improved salaries before maturity or promoted to ensure the in a higher position For staff error range depending on the nature and level of education that can persuade or be disciplined Has thus not only discipline in the operation of credit and prestige of CREDIT INSTITUTIONS will increasingly enhance the credit quality are likely to increasingly improved For example, besides collecting bad debts assigned table the foreign bank shall be clearly stated to encourage physical problems for staff actively collect bad debts of foreign tables (in addition to review test scores and race results in abnormal) * Organizing The dedicated transaction registration ensures, pricing and sales TSDB Banks should establish a special department responsible for implementation of professional valuation, registration of security transactions and business TSDB Appraisal and staff must be trained in specialized Appraisal for successful implementation of professional knowledge related to the work of evaluation In addition to banking organizations to reassess property mortgage, pledge or recurring months, months, year in accordance with the level of price fluctuation of each property Assessment results will be exactly the same time, customers trust minimize risk to the bank The current state of the commercial banks that tend to low values TSDB, this is the rational aspect to ensure solvency of the customer However, the aspect guests can reverse, ie, the borrowers are required capital, but customers not have many assets to secure loans, so a property with certain clients want borrow as much as possible and this only made effective when the cost value of TSDB So appreciating value TSDB bank loan is a problem to implement, especially in terms of integration today To the current property prices people often use the following methods: method compared directly method income (investments). method cost discount. Method surplus method returns. 61 Also for evaluating property (machinery and equipment), can refer to several methods: method compared directly method income (investments). method depreciation expense. Each method has particular applicability, are contained both advantages and disadvantages Therefore, when evaluating the collateral valuation officers need to master specialized professional valuation and analysis must be carefully to manipulate rational evaluation methods * Making and using a reasonable reserve fund RRTD This measure is mandatory for any CREDIT INSTITUTIONS any lending activity Is a measure under which banks drawn from income under a specified percentage to cover part or all of the debts on the basis of assessing the risk for each loan However, the deduction for too large of a reserve bank in its credit quality is not high But not so the bank will extract up less dide evaluated the financial situation is healthy, but over all is the safety of their organization, because the risk is really happening here is the source offset for the loss Using reserve funds to offset the risk is one of the most important method for handling overdue debts To make the right audience and effective measures for this bank should be interested in successful implementation of a number of the following: Implementation serious and precise classification of assets Code reserve fund established in accordance with regulations Reviewing carefully Bad debts losses likely to determine the correct object is processed to offset risk thoroughly apply the measures set records and recovery process to ensure full, accurate, legitimate, valid, true and correct time prescribed jurisdiction of each level 3.5 Combined operation of credit and credit insurance Insurance is a financial service whereby the service provider will commit to compensate the loss random Insurance exists to solve the financial consequences 62 by certain risks and thus will give people feeling comfortable in life and in business Credit insurance is understood as the insurance of loans under which the insurance will compensate the commitment loans are not repaid by certain risks Actual credit insurance is not a popular profession, by the granting of credits, insurance coverage (insurance companies) will face risks such as the lender When the insurance company of course also have to manipulate the bank to assess the borrower, and project evaluation procedures guaranteed Insurance helps ensure enhanced and repayment of credit through the normal insurance, especially property insurance Banks are likely to worry when the loan if the loan insurance for all of its assets In fact, depending on the level of risk of loans and the safety of property loans, banks may require the borrower to apply the different types of insurance Within the thesis, the only study a kind of insurance have appeared in our country is insurance assets In this case, banks get mortgage real estate assets such as homes, factories attached to land or land use rights Insurance assets risks before fire, fire is to ensure the bank can withdraw a portion or all of the loan when the problem occurred causing loss of collateral Similarly, after receiving the pledge of estate assets such as commodities, raw materials, machinery, equipment, transport vehicles, well the bank will require insurance for physical assets such as fire insurance, theft, Usually, in the cases mentioned above, to ensure the recovery of debts sure when the problem occurs, the bank will transfer the right to request coverage for the beneficiary bank found immediately after receiving collateral Currently this is a very effective measure to spread the credit risk for banks * Use of financial instruments for the prevention, spread the risk In the past few years, in many countries around the world, the term "credit derivatives (credit derivatives) referred to as a useful financial tool for banks to manage RRTD in Asia, credit derivatives increasingly popular despite the strong development in the U.S., Canada, Germany, but recently has developed strong in countries like Hong Kong, Singapore Credit derivatives allow market participants RRTD conversion of loans and other 63 assets from one party, called the protection buyer, to another party, called the protection seller In fact the credit derivative is a credit contract for bilateral parties to manage their losses on credit For example, a bank concerned that their customers may not be able to repay the debt banks can protect themselves by transferring RRTD to another party while still maintaining the loan in their accounting books In this process the buyer and seller RRTD can achieve different objectives: reducing the concentration in their portfolio and access to a portfolio without the need to make loans Credit derivatives provide a flexible management RRTD and opportunities to increase profits by buying credit artificially Credit derivative contracts including derivatives such as credit swap contracts (credit swap), choose a credit contract (credit option), contract exchange credit risk, contract award changed credits expired, swap contracts total income Credit derivatives to accomplish the management role RRTD proper function of the agencies of Vietnam shall consider and study the specific problems of accounting, risk management and legal documents management involved * Solution link synchronous credit institutions In many solutions RRTD limited, almost as much interested CREDIT INSTITUTIONS to build the system of preventive measures but by individual self-construction mechanisms CREDIT INSTITUTIONS specific regulations and adjustments for customers with credit relations and payment for many CREDIT INSTITUTIONS Therefore, in many cases, CREDIT INSTITUTIONS not know the staff the benefit of clients to relationship with their organization, whether the components of traditional customers or clients intestine Thus, to equip more tools prevent, prevent and limit the risk for a thorough CREDIT INSTITUTIONS require a synchronous link between the system and CREDIT INSTITUTIONS together Especially when Vietnam was an official member of WTO, the early late what banks will encounter a fierce competition from foreign banks In addition, as the economy develops in the opening mechanism of economic organization as well as the expanding industry produced any business that, as long as they get a little chance to And for the purpose of implementing the chances that the 64 economy because organizations are not enough financial potential so did not hesitate to enter the bank, even many projects almost no co-reciprocal but what they are looking for ways to borrow, this is not to mention experience in implementing the project, a project that is carried in many CREDIT INSTITUTIONS borrowers Therefore, it is time to these measures should be CREDIT INSTITUTIONS together to build relationships of information, building relationships between the commercial banks together, the banks with financial institutions and with nonbanking and other financial institutions Do this will be the CREDIT INSTITUTIONS on the following aspects: First, the information is valuable to see customers get evaluated right over Monday, is the desire to prevent any of the staff benefit customers Tuesday, is to improve professional information between specialized sections of CREDIT INSTITUTIONS together Finally, the connection is to increase solidarity in the community CREDIT INSTITUTIONS, contributing to the system of commercial banks is growing more Previously, the link between CREDIT INSTITUTIONS issues in general and credit information in particular is very limited but the main reason is psychological afraid to sacrifice their interests Phenomenon retail division, lack of cohesion and style "powerful people who do" is evidence for this situation However, during recent operations between CREDIT INSTITUTIONS in providing information relating to each customer and the market was more common in our country, especially for borrowers with capital co-financing, Design think, in the context of integrating strong, if not know CREDIT INSTITUTIONS domestic cooperation and exchange with each other, rely on each other to overcome difficulties will be too late and the risk of losses in their home market of a domestic CREDIT INSTITUTIONS can occur Therefore, the exchange, link synchronization between CREDIT INSTITUTIONS towards mutual benefit will be a trend of mandatory CREDIT INSTITUTIONS today 65 Conclusion The trend of integration and development, Vietnam's economy in general and the banking system in particular is facing opportunities and challenges to the big time opening doors for more and to close Urgent restructuring of commercial banks, strengthen the financial capacity and settlement to clean up bad debts Summary table properties, and thereby offer solutions to minimize bad debt can arising in the future become an urgent requirement for a commercial bank at present Before the actual requirements, objective, along with the application of flexible study methods, the authors have made the research objectives were set out by four research programs: Chapter 1: The opening Chapter 2: General Theory of planning business strategies of enterprises Chapter 3: Status of credit risk management and business strategies in prices Chapter 4: The solutions for credit risk management and business strategies in prices Author thesis will hopefully contribute to any restrictions in the bad debt incurred Techcombank in particular in the near future, and contribute ideas can be useful in reducing bad debts in full commercial banking system Vietnam men in general The authors also look forward to the contribution opinions of scientists, experts and all readers to more complete study of this topic References Government (2001), Decision No 149/2001/QD-TTg on May 10, 2001 by the 66 Prime Minister approving the Project on processing outstanding debts of commercial banks Government (1999), Decree 178/1999/ND-CP on loan security Techcombank thuuong Annual Report 2008 Phan Thu Ha - Nguyen Thi Thu Thao (2002), Bank of Commerce - Business and professional publisher of Statistics, Hanoi Le Van Hinh - The Strategy PTNH-SBV (2003), "Preventing the risk of bad debts in the future - challenges for the banking system in Vietnam", workshop materials State Bank Ngoc Hung - Nguyen Kim Anh (1999), "Profession of improving business banking, References Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan (2003) "Need to implement the solutions in the treatment of bad debt Commercial Bank of Vietnam", documents the workshop banks in Vietnam Phan Le (2001), "One of the main causes easily cause bad debts to commercial banks," Journal of Banking (11), Tr.33-34 TechcombankViet Nam (2001), "Project on processing outstanding debts in Techcombank 10 Techcombank (2003) "practice in handling outstanding debts Techcombank Solutions handle bad debts in the process of restructuring the commercial banks of Vietnam, State Bank documents seminar Vietnam 11 State Bank of Vietnam (2001), "Decision of the Governor of the State Bank issued the Model Statute on the organization and activities of the company debt management and exploitation of commercial bank assets 12 State Bank (2000), "488/2000/QD-NHNN5 on November 27, 2000 Decision of the Governor of the State Bank issued the Regulation on the classification of assets" Yes "to extract and use up to handle risks in banking operations of credit institutions 13 State Bank of Vietnam (2003), "solution processing bad debt in the process of restructuring the commercial banks in Vietnam", seminar materials 14 Peter S Rose (2001), Commercial Bank Management, Financial Publishing 67 House, Hanoi 15 Frederic S Mishkin (1995), Monetary, Banking and Financial Markets, Publishing House of Science and Technology, Hanoi English Jonathan Golin (2001), The Bank Credit Analysis Handbook, Published by John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd H Van Greuning - Brajovic Bratanovic S (2003), Analyzing and Managing Banking Risk, 2o edition, The World Bank CONTENTS Page Chapter I - The opening two Why choose topic 2 Objective research: Scope of study Research Methodology Structure of the course Comments "Chapter II - Theory GENERAL PROVISIONS OF THE STRATEGIC PLAN BUSINESS BRIEF BUSINESS " I OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS STRATEGY What is business strategy? Specific meaning of business strategy The need of business strategy for enterprises 3.1 Financial benefits 68 3.2 Non-financial benefits "II CONSTRUCTION AND SELECTION OF STRATEGY COMPANY'S BUSINESS " Strategic management process 1.1 Phase formation strategy 1.2 Phase implementation strategy 11 1.3 Stage assessment strategy 11 Analyze the business environment of enterprises 13 2.1 Environmental factors of business 13 2.1.1 Macro-environment 14 2.1.1.1 Economic factors 16 2.1.1.2 Factors Government and politics 17 2.1.1.3 Social factors 17 2.1.1.4 Natural factors 17 2.1.1.5 Elements of technology 18 2.1.2 Industrial work environment 18 2.1.2.1 The 19 competitors 2.1.2.2 Customers 20 2.1.2.3 Suppliers 20 2.1.2.4 21 potential competitors 2.1.2.5 Substitutes 23 2.1.3 Internal environment 23 2.1.3.1 Elements of human resources 24 2.1.3.2 Factors research and development 24 2.1.3.3 Factors produced 24 2.1.3.4 Elements of financial accounting 25 2.1.3.5 Factors Maketting 25 2.1.3.6 Order held 26 2.2 Analyze the business environment of enterprises 26 2.2.1 Crawl 27 2.2.2 Sum up the table 28 69 2.2.3 Set out strategic response 28 Some models of assessment 28 3.1 M a bid battle peripheral elements 28 3.2 BCG Matrix 30 3.3 Matrix HOPER 31 3.4 SWOT Matrix 34 "Chapter III - THE ISSUE CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND BUSINESS IN TECHCOMBANK "33 I - Introduction to Techcombank 33 History 33 Structure 38 Evaluation of business results 39 1:31 Table 1: Some basic targets of the 2008 40 1.3.2 Achievements 40 1.4 Operating environment Techcombank 42 1.4.1 External environment 42 1.4.2 Analysis of the environment in prices 44 II - TOD Techcombank 45 Business strategy of Techcombank 45 Mission: 45 Vision 2010: 45 Strategy: 45 Core Values 45 Leading role: 45 Advantages and disadvantages in the operation of Techcombank: 46 Situations of risk management credit in Techcombank 47 "3 Reviews assessment of credit risk management and war business strategy Techcombank "51 "Chapter IV: THE SOLUTION CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT 70 USE AND BUSINESS STRATEGY IN TECHCOMBANK " Strategic objectives 53 Solutions to credit risk management make strategic business Techcombank 53 February product positioning strategy, market share of 53 guests 2.2 HR solutions: Training & Distribution Rights for approval 54 March standardization evaluation and approval of loans 54 2.4 Standardization process credit: 55 2.5 Policy credit products: 55 2.6 Complete monitoring system 55 credit Solutions limit bad debt in Techcombank 56 3.1 Complete standard grading system and credit rating 59 3.2 Customers expand and diversify the products for 60 3.3 Building a process bad debts science, unified 60 71 [...]... Equity Secure capital growth rate (%) Total revenue Profit before tax Profit after tax ROE ROA (According to sources from the financial statements are audited by Techcombank 2009) The indicators measure the business results of TECHCOMBANK over the years were growing, as well as in past years profits from business TECHCOMBANK results improved significantly 1.3.2 Achievements: 2007 Techcombank' s total assets... of this year In addition, new transaction offices were opened including: Techcombank Phan Chu Trinh (Da Nang), Techcombank Cau Kieu (Lao Cai), Techcombank Van Thanh, 27 Techcombank Phu Tho, Techcombank Nguyen Tat Thanh, Techcombank Quang Trung, Techcombank Truong Chinh (Ho Chi Minh), Techcombank Cua Nam, Techcombank Hang Dau, Techcombank Kim Lien (Ha Noi) 21/07/2005, 28/09/2005, 28/10/2005: Raised... Proportion of outstanding loans, retail / total outstanding loans Proportion of 32% 37% 31% 68% 63% 69% outstanding loans, business / total outstanding loans, (Source from balance sheet Techcombank 2006-2008) Outstanding debt in TECHCOMBANK also grew strongly over the years and ensure the quality of credit, bad debt ratio under 2.5% of total outstanding loans Currently, TECHCOMBANK are focused to promote... more severe Companies should admit that competition process is not stable Beside new competitors, new technology solutions affect property and level of competition Companies should analyze each competitor to master actions and reactions they may approve Customer Customer problem is not apart from competition environment Goodwill is the most valuable property The goodwill achievement is due to company... environment Internal environment includes all factors and systems inside company It’s necessary to throughout analyze these factors because it overcomes weaknesses and promote strengths Internal environment factors include: - Human resource - Production research and development - Finance and accounting - Marketing - Organization discipline Human resource factors Human resource takes a very important role... effective and continuous growth over the years In particular, one of the reasons as follows: Brand, reputation Techcombank proven and trusted by customers and entrusted Interest rate applied flexibly and that is next to diversify savings products help customers to choose from One more reason that Techcombank network coverage nation-wide and especially in the big city with a staff of professional discipline... departments take an important role in the success of company Production factors 18 Production is a line of business connecting to produce process This is the main business line, so it influences on success ability of company There are many positive influences of high quality product with low cost Marketing team has advantage of easy selling Finance division has advantage of effective production facilities economizing... chance to receive Mercedes with saving in Techcombank , “ regular saving”, “loans for assumption”, products for enterprises such as supporting suppliers, F@st I-bankproducts based on high technological products, products on account management of securities investors F@st S-bank and electronic paying gate providing online payment for e-commerce website F@stVietpay Receiving award “Top Trade services 2007”-... right form Conclusive table: This table is useful mean for analyzing macro-environment, competition environment and internal situation 20 The table synthetizes factors and estimates impact of the factor on company 1 2 Environment The factors level of factors Basic Classify environment important level of of listing 3 important 4 5 Propety of Grade of Impact on company impact factors relative Classify... compared to 2007 Techcombank collected continuously for continuously releasing savings products are very miinh to meet customer needs in order to attract a deposit for services to business banking Ratio of capital to an end in 2008 is 13.99% to ensure safe operation of the bank Through evaluating the results from business operations through the operation of raising capital, Bank operations Techcombank is