NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN REPORTED SPEECH PART TEACHER: VU THI MAI PHUONG Definition Direct speech Ex: - She said: “I have never been to Paris” - He said to me: “I like your hair” - He said to her: “I like your hair” Indirect/ Reported speech Ex: - She said that she had never been to Paris - He said that he liked my hair - He told her that he liked her hair Câu trần thuật lời nói gián tiếp • quy tắc chung chuyển từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp • Cách chuyển từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp câu trần thuật • Một số trường hợp đặc biệt không lùi động từ Quy tắc chuyển trực tiếp sang gián tiếp Thay đổi S, O, Possessive Adjectives Direct Speech Reported Speech Direct Speech Chủ Ngữ (Subject) I We You Tân ngữ (Object) He/ She They I/ We Đại từ sở hữu (Possessive pronouns) Mine Ours Yours Reported Speech His/ Hers Theirs Mine/ Ours Thay đổi động từ Modal Direct Speech Me Us You Him/ Her Them Me/ Us Tính từ sở hữu (Possessive adjectives) My Our Your His/ Her Their My/ Our Reported Speech Can “I can it” He said he could it May “May I go out?” He wanted to know if he might go out Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội Must “She must apply for the job.” will “They will call you.” He said that she must/ had to apply for the job” He told me that they would call her DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH Simple Present He said: “I am happy” Simple Past He said that he was happy Present Progressive He said: "I'm looking for my keys" Past Progressive He said that he was looking for his keys Simple Past He said: “I visited New York last year.” Past Perfect Simple He said that he had visited New York the previous year Present Perfect He said: "I've lived here for a long time” Past Perfect He said that he had lived there for a long time Past Perfect He said: "They had finished the work when I arrived" Past Perfect He said that they had finished the work when he had arrived Past Progressive He said: "I was playing football when the accident occurred" Past Perfect Progressive He said that he had been playing football when the accident had occurred Present Perfect Progressive He said: "I have been playing football for two hours." Past Perfect Progressive He said that he had been playing football for two hours Past Perfect Progressive He said: "I had been reading a newspaper when the light went off" Past Perfect Progressive He said that he had been reading a newspaper when the light had gone off Future Simple (will+verb) He said: "I will open the door." Conditional (would+verb) He said that he would open the door Conditional I He said to me: "I will help you if I am free" He said that he would help me if he was free Thay đổi trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn Direct Speech Reported Speech Time Expressions today that day Now then Yesterday the day before, the previous day TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN … ago … before Last week the week before, the previous week Next year the following year, the next year tomorrow the next day, the following day Place here there Demonstratives this that these those Ex: “ I met her yesterday” he said  He said that he had met her the day before “I‟ll it tomorrow” He promised  He promised that he would it the following day Các trường hợp không lùi động từ Khi câu trực tiếp diễn tả chân lý hay hành động lặp lặp lại thường xuyên theo thói quen Ex: • My teacher said, “The Sun rises in the east”  My teacher said that the Sun rises in the east • She said, “I get up at o‟clock every morning”  She said that she gets up at o‟clock every morning Câu trực tiếp có dạng câu điều kiện loại loại → không lùi Ex: She said to me “If I had enough money, I‟d buy a new bicycle”  She said to me that if she had enough money, she‟d buy a new bicycle Mệnh đề sau “Wish” → không lùi Ex: He said “I wish I had a lot of money”  He said he wished he had a lot of money Mệnh đề sau “ would rather/ would sooner”→ Không lùi  Ex: She said “I would rather you stayed at home”  → She said to /told me that she would rather I stayed at home Không thay đổi mệnh đề sau “It’s (high/ about) time” Ex: She said; “It‟s about time you went to bed, children” Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội  She told her children that it was time they went to bed Động từ câu nói trực tiếp có thời gian xác định Ex: He said, “I was born in 1980”  He said that he was born in 1980 Lời nói trực tiếp có động từ tình thái “could, should, might, ought to, used to, had better” không thay đổi Ex: Tom said: “You had better not contact her”  Tom said (that) I had better not contact her Nếu động từ dẫn tại, cần thay đổi quy tắc (đổi S, O, P.adj) Ex: “I met her yesterday” He says  He says he met her yesterday Exercise “I have never been to Korea before”, said Mary (Mary said)  Mary said that she had never been to Korea before “We go fishing with our parents everyday”, they said to me (They told)  They told me that they went fishing with their parents everyday “She was lost when she was looking for my house”, Ted said (Ted said)  Ted said that she had been lost when she had been looking for his house “I met him yesterday”, Alan said (Alan said)  Alan said that he had met him the day before/ the previous day “I will make the decision tomorrow”, Perry said to me (Perry told)  Perry told me that he would make the decision the following day “I think we should stay here”, said Jinny (Jinny said)  Jinny said that (she thought) they should stay there “If I am happy, I will go to the party with my friends tomorrow ”, said Kate (Kate said)  Kate said that if she was happy, she would go to the party with her friends the following day “I am going to buy this book next month”, Minh says to me (Minh tells)  Minh tells me that he is going to buy that book the following month “It is high time you did your homework, boys”, said the teacher (The teacher told)  The teacher told the boys that it was high time they did their homework 10 “I was watching TV when the flame broke out two weeks ago”, the man said (The man said)  The man said that he had been watching TV when the flame had broken out two weeks before 11 “If I were rich, I would not have to work this hard”, said Kent (Kent said)  Kent said that if he were rich, he would not have to work that hard 12 “Water boils at 100°C”, said the girl (The girl said)  The girl said that water boils at 100°C 13 “We got married in 1990”, my grandmother said to me (My grandmother told)  My grandmother told me that they got married in 1990 14 “You may find it difficult but I „d rather you didn‟t give up”, said my dad (My dad told)  My dad told me that I might find it difficult but he „d rather I didn‟t give up 15 “You can stay here with me as long as you want”, said my friend Tom to me (My friend)  My friend Tom told me that I could stay there with him as long as I wanted TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE