NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN Passive voice - Câu bị động A Khái niệm câu chủ động bị động: Câu chủ động: A Khái niệm câu chủ động bị động: Ex: People speak English all over the world Câu bị động: Ex: English is spoken all over the world Lưu ý: Không phải chủ ngữ người chủ động, chủ ngữ vật bị động Ex: - The students were punished yesterday - Hanoi has changed a lot in the past five years Lưu ý: Chúng ta không dùng cấu trúc bị động với nội động từ “fit, suit, have, resemble, look, like, hold, contain, mean,…” Ex: - They have a nice house Don’t say: - A nice house is had by them B Quy tắc chuyển câu chủ động sang câu bị động: To be + Past participle Simple present: S + V (s/es) + Object S + am/is/are + PII + by + O - We don't watch films in the evening => Films aren’t watched in the evening Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội QK HT TL Was/ were + PII Am/ is/ are + PII Will + be + PII Was/ were + being+ PII Had+ been + PII Am/ is/ are + being+ PII _ Have/ has + been+ PII Will have + been + PII Tương lai gần Động từ khuyết thiếu am/is/are + going to be + PII Modal verbs (can/ could/ may/ might/ must/ ought to/ should) + be + PII Ex: - They haven’t moved anything in your room since 1999 => Anything in your room hasn’t been moved since 1999 => Nothing in your room has been moved since 1999 - The terrorist has kept three hostages for a week  Three hostages have been kept by the terrorist for a week Simple past S + Past of Verb (V-ed/ P-Irregular) + Object S + was/were + PII + by + O Ex: - The thieves broke into the house => The house was broken into by the thieves - They didn’t allow Tom to take these books home => Tom wasn’t allowed to take these books home Past continuous: S + was/ were + V-ing + Object S + was/were + being + PII + by + O Ex: - They were doing a physical experiment when I was there => A physical experiment was being done by them when I was there TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN - Tom was writing poems => poems were being written by Tom Past perfect: S + had + PII + Object S + had + been + PII + by + O Lưu ý: Không có bị động khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn Ex: - Nobody told me that they had discharged John from hospital => I was not told that John had been discharged from hospital - They had taken the victim to hospital before the police came => The victim had been taken to hospital before the police came Simple future: S + will/shall + V+ Object S + will/shall+ be + PII + by + O Lưu ý:: Thì tương lai tiếp diễn dạng bị động Ex: - They will change the date of the meeting again => The date of the meeting will be changed again - The examiner will read the passage three times => The passage will be read three times by the examiner Future perfect S + will/shall + V+ Object S + will/shall+ have been + PII + by + O Ex: Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội - By the time you come back, they will have finished the project => By the time you come back, the project will have been finished - By the time you come back here in years' time, they will have knocked down those houses => Those houses will have been knocked down by the time you come back here in years' time Near future S + am/is/are + going to + V-inf + O S + am/is/are + going to be + PII + by + O Ex: - We are going to make him the monitor of our class => He is going to made the monitor of our class 10 Modals and Auxiliary in the passive voice S + modal verbs (can/ could/ may/ might/ must/ ought to/ should) + V-inf + O -> S + modal verbs (can/ could/ may/ might/ must/ ought to/ should) + be + PII + by + O Ex: - He can’t repair my bike => My bike can’t be repaired TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE