Red Hat Linux Networking And System Administration (2002)

889 300 0
Red Hat Linux Networking And System Administration (2002)

Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)

Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống

Thông tin tài liệu

® ® Te r r y C o l l i n g s & K u r t W a l l SEC OOLS IN Y T C E CD-R L H T O ED UD M UR ON IT Linux Solutions from the Experts at Red Hat ® ® P R E S S™ Red Hat® Linux® Networking and System Administration Red Hat® Linux® Networking and System Administration Terry Collings and Kurt Wall M&T Books An imprint of Hungry Minds, Inc Best-Selling Books ● Digital Downloads ● e-Books ● Answer Networks e-Newsletters ● Branded Web Sites ● e-Learning New York, NY ● Cleveland, OH ● Indianapolis, IN Red Hat® Linux® Networking and System Administration Published by Hungry Minds, Inc 909 Third Avenue New York, NY 10022 www.hungryminds.com Copyright © 2002 Hungry Minds, Inc All rights reserved No part of this book, including interior design, cover design, and icons, may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, by any means (electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without the prior written permission of the publisher Library of Congress Control Number: 2001093591 ISBN: 0-7645-3632-X Printed in the United States of America 10 1O/RT/QT/QS/IN Distributed in the United States by Hungry Minds, Inc Distributed by CDG Books Canada Inc for Canada; by Transworld Publishers Limited in the United Kingdom; by IDG Norge Books for Norway; by IDG Sweden Books for Sweden; by IDG Books Australia Publishing Corporation Pty Ltd for Australia and New Zealand; by TransQuest Publishers Pte Ltd for Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, and Hong Kong; by Gotop Information Inc for Taiwan; by ICG Muse, Inc for Japan; by Intersoft for South Africa; by Eyrolles for France; by International Thomson Publishing for Germany, Austria, and Switzerland; by Distribuidora Cuspide for Argentina; by LR International for Brazil; by Galileo Libros for Chile; by Ediciones ZETA S.C.R Ltda for Peru; by WS Computer Publishing Corporation, Inc., for the Philippines; by Contemporanea de Ediciones for Venezuela; by Express Computer Distributors for the Caribbean and West Indies; by Micronesia Media Distributor, Inc for Micronesia; by Chips Computadoras S.A de C.V for Mexico; by Editorial Norma de Panama S.A for Panama; by American Bookshops for Finland For general information on Hungry Minds’ products and services please contact our Customer Care department within the U.S at 800-762-2974, outside the U.S at 317-572-3993 or fax 317-572-4002 For sales inquiries and reseller information, including discounts, premium and bulk quantity sales, and foreignlanguage translations, please contact our Customer Care department at 800-434-3422, fax 317-572-4002 or write to Hungry Minds, Inc., Attn: Customer Care Department, 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46256 For information on licensing foreign or domestic rights, please contact our Sub-Rights Customer Care department at 212-884-5000 For information on using Hungry Minds’ products and services in the classroom or for ordering examination copies, please contact our Educational Sales department at 800-434-2086 or fax 317-572-4005 For press review copies, author interviews, or other publicity information, please contact our Public Relations department at 650-653-7000 or fax 650-653-7500 For authorization to photocopy items for corporate, personal, or educational use, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, or fax 978-750-4470 LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND AUTHOR HAVE USED THEIR BEST EFFORTS IN PREPARING THIS BOOK THE PUBLISHER AND AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS BOOK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES WHICH EXTEND BEYOND THE DESCRIPTIONS CONTAINED IN THIS PARAGRAPH NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY SALES REPRESENTATIVES OR WRITTEN SALES MATERIALS THE ACCURACY AND COMPLETENESS OF THE INFORMATION PROVIDED HEREIN AND THE OPINIONS STATED HEREIN ARE NOT GUARANTEED OR WARRANTED TO PRODUCE ANY PARTICULAR RESULTS, AND THE ADVICE AND STRATEGIES CONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR EVERY INDIVIDUAL NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFIT OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR OTHER DAMAGES Trademarks: Hungry Minds and the Hungry Minds logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Hungry Minds Red Hat, Red Hat Press, and the Red Hat Press logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Red Hat, Inc Linux is a trademark or registered trademark of Linus Torvalds All other trademarks are property of their respective owners Hungry Minds, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book is a trademark of Hungry Minds, Inc is a trademark of Hungry Minds, Inc About the Authors Terry Collings has been working in the computer field since 1981 and has experience in all types of operating systems and their associated hardware He has industry certifications in Novell, TCP/IP, MS Windows, and Unix Terry’s full-time job is at Muhlenberg College in Allentown, PA, where he is the school’s Instructional Technologist His main function in this position is assisting faculty in the use of computer technology to augment their classroom presentations He is also the system administrator for the school’s online course content management software Terry also teaches a wide range of computer and technology-related courses in the evenings at Allentown Business School Terry has been a technical editor for several Hungry Minds, Inc., books and is the co-author of the Linux Bible He can be reached at collings@muhlenberg.edu Kurt Wall first touched a computer in 1980 when he learned FORTRAN on an IBM mainframe of forgotten vintage; things have only gotten better since then These days, Kurt is a full-time Linux and Unix author, editor, consultant, and programmer He has written five books about Linux and Unix programming and system administration, is working on his sixth, and is the technical editor for over a dozen other Linux- and Unix-related titles Currently, Kurt works from his home in Indianapolis He can be reached via e-mail at kwall@kurtwerks.com Credits CONTRIBUTING WRITERS Viktorie Navratilova Dennis Powell Brandon Wiley ACQUISITIONS EDITOR Terri Varveris PROJECT EDITOR Martin V Minner TECHNICAL EDITORS Joel Lee Matt Hayden Sandra Moore COPY EDITOR Marti Paul RED HAT PRESS LIAISON Lorien Golaski, Red Hat Communications Manager PROJECT COORDINATOR Dale White GRAPHICS AND PRODUCTION SPECIALISTS Beth Brooks Sean Decker Melanie DesJardins Jeremey Unger QUALITY CONTROL TECHNICIANS Laura Albert Luisa Perez Carl Pierce Marianne Santy SENIOR PERMISSIONS EDITOR Carmen Krikorian MEDIA DEVELOPMENT SPECIALIST Greg Stephens MEDIA DEVELOPMENT COORDINATOR Marisa Pearman COVER DESIGN Michael Freeland COVER PHOTO Hulton Getty PROOFREADING AND INDEXING TECHBOOKS Production Services This book is dedicated to the victims and heroes of September 11, 2001 Preface Red Hat Linux is the most popular distribution of Linux currently in use Red Hat Linux has shown itself to be a robust, reliable operating system that can run on a variety of hardware, from personal computers to large mainframes Linux in general, and Red Hat Linux in particular, is a very powerful operating system that can be used at the enterprise level as a full-fledged server, as well as at the workstation level for typical user applications For those of us dissatisfied with the reliability of other commercially available operating systems, Red Hat Linux is a pleasant alternative How This Book Is Organized This book is divided into five parts Each part covers a specific area of functionality in a typical Red Hat Linux system Part I — Red Hat Linux System and Network Administration Defined This part describes the duties of a system administrator Chapter explains some of the more common tasks, such as installing servers and application software, managing user accounts, and backing up and restoring files Many more topics are covered in this chapter Chapter details the steps involved in planning and building a network and planning for security and disaster recovery Chapter takes you through the steps required to install Red Hat Linux on a local system as well as on a remote system Chapter gives an explanation of the Red Hat Linux file system and storage devices Chapter 5, the last chapter in Part I, lists the system and network configuration files and their uses Part II — Red Hat Linux Network Services This part of the book is where you learn about the networking services available in Red Hat Linux Chapter gives an explanation of the TCP/IP protocol suite and how to configure it on your system Chapter tells how to configure the Network File System (NFS) for sharing files with other Linux or Unix computers on your network Chapter provides a description of the Network Information System (NIS) as well as configuration instructions If you have computers running Microsoft operating systems, Chapter is where you find instructions for connecting your Red Hat Linux network to the Windows network The final chapter in this part, Chapter 10, tells you how to connect your Red Hat Linux network to computers running the Apple operating system ix Hungry Minds, Inc End-User License Agreement READ THIS You should carefully read these terms and conditions before opening the software packet(s) included with this book (“Book”) This is a license agreement (“Agreement”) between you and Hungry Minds, Inc (“HMI”) By opening the accompanying software packet(s), you acknowledge that you have read and accept the following terms and conditions If you not agree and not want to be bound by such terms and conditions, promptly return the Book and the unopened software packet(s) to the place you obtained them for a full refund License Grant HMI grants to you (either an individual or entity) a nonexclusive license to use one copy of the enclosed software program(s) (collectively, the “Software”) solely for your own personal or business purposes on a single computer (whether a standard computer or a workstation component of a multi-user network) The Software is in use on a computer when it is loaded into temporary memory (RAM) or installed into permanent memory (hard disk, CD-ROM, or other storage device) HMI reserves all rights not expressly granted herein Ownership HMI is the owner of all right, title, and interest, including copyright, in and to the compilation of the Software recorded on the disk(s) or CD-ROM (“Software Media”) Copyright to the individual programs recorded on the Software Media is owned by the author or other authorized copyright owner of each program Ownership of the Software and all proprietary rights relating thereto remain with HMI and its licensers Restrictions On Use and Transfer (a) You may only (i) make one copy of the Software for backup or archival purposes, or (ii) transfer the Software to a single hard disk, provided that you keep the original for backup or archival purposes You may not (i) rent or lease the Software, (ii) copy or reproduce the Software through a LAN or other network system or through any computer subscriber system or bulletin-board system, or (iii) modify, adapt, or create derivative works based on the Software (b) You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the Software You may transfer the Software and user documentation on a permanent basis, provided that the transferee agrees to accept the terms and conditions of this Agreement and you retain no copies If the Software is an update or has been updated, any transfer must include the most recent update and all prior versions Restrictions on Use of Individual Programs You must follow the individual requirements and restrictions detailed for each individual program in the Appendix of this Book These limitations are also contained in the individual license agreements recorded on the Software Media These limitations may include a requirement that after using the program for a specified period of time, the user must pay a registration fee or discontinue use By opening the Software packet(s), you will be agreeing to abide by the licenses and restrictions for these individual programs that are detailed in the Appendix and on the Software Media None of the material on this Software Media or listed in this Book may ever be redistributed, in original or modified form, for commercial purposes Limited Warranty (a) HMI warrants that the Software and Software Media are free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of sixty (60) days from the date of purchase of this Book If HMI receives notification within the warranty period of defects in materials or workmanship, HMI will replace the defective Software Media (b) HMI AND THE AUTHOR OF THE BOOK DISCLAIM ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE, THE PROGRAMS, THE SOURCE CODE CONTAINED THEREIN, AND/OR THE TECHNIQUES DESCRIBED IN THIS BOOK HMI DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS OR THAT THE OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE WILL BE ERROR FREE (c) This limited warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may have other rights that vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction Remedies (a) HMI’s entire liability and your exclusive remedy for defects in materials and workmanship shall be limited to replacement of the Software Media, which may be returned to HMI with a copy of your receipt at the following address: Software Media Fulfillment Department, Attn.: Red Hat Linux Networking and System Administration, Hungry Minds, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, or call 1-800-762-2974 Please allow four to six weeks for delivery This Limited Warranty is void if failure of the Software Media has resulted from accident, abuse, or misapplication Any replacement Software Media will be warranted for the remainder of the original warranty period or thirty (30) days, whichever is longer (b) In no event shall HMI or the author be liable for any damages whatsoever (including without limitation damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising from the use of or inability to use the Book or the Software, even if HMI has been advised of the possibility of such damages (c) Because some jurisdictions not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you U.S Government Restricted Rights Use, duplication, or disclosure of the Software for or on behalf of the United States of America, its agencies and/or instrumentalities (the “U.S Government”) is subject to restrictions as stated in paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS 252.227-7013, or subparagraphs (c) (1) and (2) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19, and in similar clauses in the NASA FAR supplement, as applicable General This Agreement constitutes the entire understanding of the parties and revokes and supersedes all prior agreements, oral or written, between them and may not be modified or amended except in a writing signed by both parties hereto that specifically refers to this Agreement This Agreement shall take precedence over any other documents that may be in conflict herewith If any one or more provisions contained in this Agreement are held by any court or tribunal to be invalid, illegal, or otherwise unenforceable, each and every other provision shall remain in full force and effect GNU General Public License Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software to make sure the software is free for all its users This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation’s software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can these things To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code And you must show them these terms so they know their rights We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software Also, for each author’s protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors’ reputations Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone’s free use or not licensed at all The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License The “Program”, below, refers to any such program or work, and a “work based on the Program” means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term “modification”.) Each licensee is addressed as “you” Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program) Whether that is true depends on what the Program does You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program’s source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.) These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections and above provided that you also one of the following: a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections and above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections and above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works These actions are prohibited by law if you not accept this License Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients’ exercise of the rights granted herein You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they not excuse you from the conditions of this License If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns Each version is given a distinguishing version number If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and “any later version”, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation 10 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally NO WARRANTY 11 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION 12 IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES *****END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS***** How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms To so, attach the following notices to the program It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c’ for details The hypothetical commands `show w’ and `show c’ should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w’ and `show c’; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items-whatever suits your program You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if necessary Here is a sample; alter the names: Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision’ (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License ® ™ Red Hat Press Authoritative Practical Reliable By Mohammed J Kabir 744 pages • CD-ROM 0-7645-4754-2 • $49.99 By Mohammed J Kabir 650 pages 0-7645-3631-1 • $39.99 By Paul Sery 650 pages • CD-ROM 0-7645-4788-7 • $49.99 By Terry Collings and Kurt Wall 950 pages • CD-ROM 0-7645-3632-X • $59.99 Exciting new books from Red Hat Press and Hungry Minds—whether you’re configuring Red Hat Linux at home or at the office, optimizing your Red Hat Linux Internet Server, or building the ultimate Red Hat defensive security system, we have the books for you! Available wherever books are sold, or go to www.hungryminds.com Reviewed and Approved by Red Hat! RHCE 128-bit encrypted job security Red Hat brings the world’s leading Linux® training and certification to you Make yourself invaluable Earn RHCE™, a performancebased certification that proves actual competency, and receive all the skills, job security and confidence that go along with the choice of IT professionals and their employers Local classes available: • Linux Fundamentals • Linux System Administration • Linux Networking and Security Administration • RHCE Rapid Track Course (including RHCE exam) RHCE's earn an average of nearly 15% more than their non-certified colleagues and are among the five best-paid categories of certified technical professionals (Computer Reseller News) TO REGISTER: Call 866-2REDHAT ext 6515 or visit www.redhat.com/explore/regionaltrain Are you a UNIX guru? Inquire about our Linux classes for UNIX administrators today! 866-2REDHAT ext.6556

Ngày đăng: 11/10/2016, 06:54

Từ khóa liên quan

Tài liệu cùng người dùng

  • Đang cập nhật ...

Tài liệu liên quan