gian cao rong T a r n h o n n h a t h a nhtf cat canh bay len N h i f t i g bao n h i e u t i m kiem nhoc n h a n da t r d n e n v6 vong Ngay cau thcf d§u da t r i u n a n g iXu tiT: Song ggn trang giang buon diep diep H i n h n h u cai buon cua n h a thcf hay cai buon cua t h d i dai cung c6 m o t t r f l liTctng doi dao nhtf dong t r a n g giang C h i can mot song nho gcfn l e n l a cai mat bang k i a xao dong, xon xao Cai buon goi cai buon k i a m d i trcf t h a n h "diep diep" Cai buon, cai sau k h i da t r d t h a n h mot dac t r i t o g cua n h a t h i si thi dung den l a dau Day l a cai buon t u y thuTc Ngay tiT dau k h i mdti t r i n h dien vdi l a n g t h o , H u y Can da n g h i den p h i i t l i a d d i K h i ay, tac gia Liia thieng se dat t r a i t i m m i n h trifdc Thifcfng de: " T o i se n o i : N a y day l a nifdtc m a t , - Ngoc dau buon, nguyen k h o i vSn chua t a n " {Trinh bay) Con Itic day, trUdc "song d a i , trori rong", n h a thcf chi chcfi vcfi m o t cai "ben c6 lieu" Cai "ben c6 lieu" ay c6 den h a i Idp bua vay Thuf n h a t , trUdc l a cai m o n g l u n g , mcf m i t Tuy k h o n g sircfng k h o i h u v6 n h u n g cupc chia b i e t v d i m o t thiJ nga ba tarn trang ngon ngang: " T h u y e n ve niTdc l a i sau t r a m nga", n h a t l a t h a n p h a n n o i nenh v i k h o n g l a m chu ducfc ban t h a n : " C u i m o t canh k h o lac may dong" Bao nhieu bam giap cua cuoc ddi gijfi vao m o t chi t i e t dcfn sa Hoac "Lcf thcf nho gio diu h i u " Con ma da l a "con nho" t h i t h a t l a t o i nghiep L a i " l a t h a " nufa t h i sir n h a t nhoa da bien c6 t h a n h khong Cho nen "gio d i u h i u " t h i c h hgp vdi cai gi t a n g toe: "Rang lieu d i u h i u dutag chiu t a n g " (Xuan Dieu) T i e p den l a ben c6 lieu, h i n h a n h ciia t h i e n n h i e n h i e n r a n h i t o g l a m o t thuf t h i e n nhien til ngan n a m , tCf thcfi hong hoang vQ t r u V a n nhuTng canh beo ay, vSn nhiJCng bcf x a n h , b a i v a n g ay n h i m g l a n h leo v i k h o n g c6 h a i a m ngifdi Them k h a t m o t chuyen ngang hay chiec cau t h a n m a t t h i k h o n g g i a n t r o n g r5ng v6 t a m Con thcfi g i a n t h i t r d i da buong chieu, a n h sAp t a t K h o n g CO ban d6ng h a n h , ca k h o n g gian va thcfi g i a n , ngiTcfi t a can p h a i b a m vao mot cai gi T r o n g boi canh t a m t r a n g ay m o t tac " l o n g que" m d i t h i e t t h a vang ngan Nhtftig l a i " L o n g que dan dcfn v d i nxidc"? H a i chOf "dan d g n " rat d i t B d i no d i i n t a diing va hay mot t r a n g t h a i c6 thifc ciia t a m h o n : s\X sg hai va hoang m a n g ciTc " D g n dgn" c6 bieu h i e n mot t r a n g t h a i cua sU v a t nCfa k h i no gan v d i " v d i mrdc" Do l a t r a n g t h a i chap chdn m a ngudi khong the n d m dufgc no d t r o n g tay V i qua thuc cai t a i san t i n h t h i n nhat la "long que" k h o n g t h i t a m h o n n h a t h a b i e t t r o i dat ve dau T i n h n h a n v a n cua b a i t h a da chgn dugc m o t d i e m dCmg d i i n g liic ^BS: P h a n tich bai thcf Trang giang G0I Y LAM BAI I K I E N T H l ! C C H U N G VE T A C GIA, T A C P H A M H u y Can (1919 - 2005) t e n k h a i s i n h l a Cu H u y Can, que d l a n g A n P h u , huyen H u a n g San (nay l a xa Dure A n , huyen V u Quang), t i n h H a T i n h T h u d 143 nho, ong hoc d que roi hoc trung hoc or TriXcfng Quo'c hoc Hue Sau do, ong hoc Cao dang Canh nong d Ha Noi Tir nam 1942, ong hoat dong mSt tran Viet minh, tham du Quoc dan dai hoi d Tan Trao, diTcfc bau vao Uy ban Dan toe giai phong toan quoc Sau Cach mang thang Tarn, Huy Can giiJ nhieu trach cong tac van hoa, van nghe nhu Thil trUcfng Bo Van Hoa, Bo trudng dac trach cong tac van hoa - van nghe tai Van phong Hoi dong Bo trirdng kiem Chu tich Uy ban Trung iXdng Lien hiop cac hoi van hoc nghe thuat Viet Nam Trudrc Cach mang thang Tam, Huy Can c6 hai tap tho: Liia thieng, Vu tru ca, mot tap van xuoi: Kinh cdu tu Sau Cach mang thang Tam, tho Huy Can CO sir h6i sinh kha nhieu tap: Trai moi lai sang (1958), Ddt nd hoa (1960), Bdi tha cuoc ddi (1963), Nhang nam sdu miCcd (1968), Chien tritang gdn den chien truang xa (1973), Ngdy hdng song, ngdy hdng tha (1975), Hat lai gieo (1984), Ta ve vdi bien (1997) V6i nhOTng dong gop to Idn do, ong duoc Nha nudtc tang Giai thi/dng Ho Chi Minh ve van hoc nghe thuat (1996) Tho Huy Can trudc Cach mang la niem khac khoai, giau chat suy tucrng triet l i Do la cai toi lac long, bo vo giufa vu tru menh mong NhiJng van tho ao nao vao bac nhat ciia Tho mdi duoc tau len bang mot thiJ ngon lis khong chau chuo't, cau k i ma c6 suTc goi cam sau xa No vCra c6 cai each tan hien dai vifa tham d i m hiTOng vi tho ca truyen thong phuong Dong Sau nam 1945, tif 1958 trd di, tho Huy Can eo sif phue sinh manh me Mot mat, tho Huy Can vSn hiTdng t(Ji khong gian nhung mot mat cai khong gian rong Idn ay khong la noi tru ngu ciia cai toi nho be, c6 don va day dp tinh ngUcfi No am ap hoi thcf ciia cupc song NhOfng bai tho cong nhat ciia Huy Can giai doan nhu Dodn thuyen ddnh cd, Cdc vi La Han chua Tdy Phuang viia mang phong each mot hon tho Huy Can trifde day, vCra gan vdi cuoc song ciia nguori hien tai n PHAN T I C H Gia t r i tU tudng Trdng giang la mot nhuTng bai tho hay nhat va tieu bieu nhat cua Huy Can chang ducfng sang tac dau tien trude Cach mang thang Tam No la tieng noi day khat vong ciia cai toi, ciia ngircti ca nhan doi giai phong khoi cai nho be, cai mat bang khong dang song eiia cuoc d5i thuc tai de hoa nhap vao coi cao rong cua khong gian Vu tru bao la la cai dich hi/dng tdi, nhung bkng each nao t h i la cau hoi khong c6 hoi am Be tac vo tif tUdng nhifng Huy Can khong di vao than bi, sieu thoat vi sau tham ciia hon tho CO sU gdn bo b i n chat vdti non song, da't nude Bai tho that buon nhifng cung that dep, cai dep ciia tinh nguoi Gia t r i nghe thuat Tren nhufng net bao triim t h i Trdng giang eo sir pho'i hop nhuSn nhuyin, hai hoa eiia hai giong di^u: viTa each tan hien dai, viTa doi dao t h i phap truyen thong phiTOng Dong Tinh each tan la cai toi cam nhan, d cai bo vo rat 144 D ngU&i k h i giijfa cuoc ddi k h o n g mot thur n h i p cau nao de t h u y e n t h o neo dau Tam t r a n g ca n h a n ay dxxac k h a i thac den t a n cung de di t d i m o t k e t thuc: nha t h o horn nky buon h o n ca n h a t h o ciia hoang hon h o n m o t n g h i n nam tTxXdc Cot each Difdng t h i the h i e n bang but phap t h o Difcfng: cham pha ma goi t a , nhieu y ma k i e m Icfi NhOmg t h i i phap nghe t h u a t nhiX phep do'i, diep tCr vCra bien hoa, sang tao \iia r a t d8i dung d i , tii n h i e n V e d e p co d i e n t r o n g b a i thof Trdng giang cua Huy C^n Gdl Y LAM BAI K h a i n i ^ m - Ve dep (cua m o t b a i t h o ) : SiJc hap d i n , k h a n a n g tao nhiimg r u n g dong tham m i - C6 dien: Thupc ve t h d i xUa da t r d t h a n h m&u miTc - Ve dep CO dien (cua m g t b ^ i tho): Ve hap dSn ciia nhOfng yeu to' da t r d chuan mUc t h a m m l t r o n g t h o ca c6 dien phiTcfng D o n g - t i e u bieu l a t h o Di^c(ng, t h o Tong va t h o ca t r u n g dai V i e t N a m Cor sof tao n e n v e d e p c d i e n t r o n g thrf H u y C § n - Tho mdii each t a n m a n h me t r e n n h i e u i l n h vifc n h i m g k h o n g eat durt vdi cai cu ma vfin ke thifa va p h a t t r i e n nhiJng ve dep t r o n g n o i dung va h i n h thufc nghe t h u a t ciia t h o ea t r u n g dai - Tho mcti la t h o l a n g m a n Quay liXng vOi h i e n t a i va t i m l o i t h o a t ve t i n h than, cae nha t h o l a n g m a n c6 xu hudng t i m ve vdi nhOfng gi xifa cu - Tho m d i c6 nhieu trOOng phai Co n h a t h o t i m ve chan que, c6 n h a t h o chiu anh hudng m a n h me ciia t h o ca phuong Tay, Huy Can ben canh anh hudng ciia t h o l a n g m a n Phap v&n ke thCfa t h i phap t h o c6 d i e n phifong Dong - Phong each t h o H u y Can: "Ngirdi da ggi day cai hon buon ciia Dong A , ngUcfi da k h o i l a i cai mach sau may ngan n a m v a n n g a m n g a m t r o n g coi dat nay" (Hoai Thanh) B i e u h i O n O ca h a i phirong dien n p i dung va h i n h thiJc ( k h i phan t i c h c6 t h e k h o n g tach n h i m g cin dii y) a Hinh thiKc - Th§ t h o t h a t ngon t r i f d n g t h i e n eo k i n h n g h i e m t r a n g (so sanh v d i t h o tU ciia Xuan Dieu, luc bat ciia Nguyen B i n h ) - Chat nhac e6 d i e n : 4/3; 2/2/3 (quen thuoc t r o n g t h o Dudng), phoi hop dieu h a i hoa, sijf dung chii yeu van bkng tao a m dieu t r a m buon, nhuTng tir lay, dipp a m tao nen dong chay ciia dong song eung n h u dong chay m i e n v i l n cua t a m t r a n g buon t h u o n g tao eho t h o chat nhac sAu da diet - Nghp t h u a t t a canh: + Loi ve cham pha n h u t h u lay l i n h h n ciia tao v a t + Ket hop mieu t a d i e m va d i e n ; mau sde t h a n h n h a 145 chq + T h i i p h a p ve m a y n a y t r a n g - l a y dong de t a t i n h {tieng Idng xa van chiiu) - Ngh§ t h u a t t a canh ngu tinh: + Tao nhuCng cap h i n h anh ho (tag vdi (song niTdc - song 16ng; dbng song - dbng dbi; ben c6 lieu, nho, canh cui, canh beo - ngubi, kiep song ) + SOf d u n g t h i lieu c6 (dien t i c h ) : Bufc t r a n h hoang hon gcfi n h d cau t h a "Lac dU CO 16 te phi/Thu Thuy cong trUdng thien nhdt sdc" K h o i song goi n h d cau thcf "Que huang khudt bong hoang hon/Tren song khdi song cho buon Idng ai" (Hoang Hoc Ldu - T h o i Hieu) + B i e n phap tUcfng p h a n , t h u d n g t h a y t r o n g van hoc van hoc t r u n g dai (cap cau: ciii - m o t — canh - k h o - lac - may dong; cap bai: k h d gcfi n6i c6 dcrn qua cai nho n h o i v6 n g h i a cua m o t canh cui; k h o gcfi cam xiic ay qua each cam n h a n ve k h o n g gian ba chieu bat ngat, rcfn ngcfp; kho mcr mot k h o n g gian da diirt gay cac mo'i day l i e n he; k h d l a i gcfi h i n h anh sCmg sOfng ciia vu t r u - ddi t h i cua t o n t a i ca n h a n nho be, don coi) + N g o n nguf: suf d u n g n h i e u tii H a n V i e t {trdng giang, c6 lieu ), suT dung Idi bieu dat h a m sue ("lac": viia la lac long, vor viTa gcfi su m a t phuang hudng Cau h o i : "Dau t i e n g l a n g xa van chef chieu" c6 h a i each hieu: c6 t i e n g nhifng mcf h6, phu n h a n hoan toan k h o n g eo a m t h a n h vang len t r o n g tarn tUorng) Noi dung: - De t a i : t h i e n n h i e n - canh song nUdc, hoang hon - C a m h i i n g : dugrc khcfi nguon tiT t h i e n n h i e n , the h i e n t i n h yeu thien n h i e n - l a i la t h i e n n h i e n t h a n h t i n h , vang ve ( t h a n h , vSng la mot nhufng yeu to thuoc cam hiifng t h a m m l cua thcf xira - kieu "Ta dai ta tim nai vdng velNgudi khon ngiCdi den chdn loo xao"- N g u y i n B i n h K h i e m , hoSc canh cay n h a n , cau v ^ n g ncfi sudi ritag, t h o n da t r o n g thcf xUa) - H i n h tUcfng: + T h i e n n h i e n dep nh\S mot biJc c6 hoa: k h o n g gian t r a n g giang bat ngdt, rcfn ngcfp vdfi t h u y e n xuoi m a i , canh beo l e n h denh, bau trcfi cao rpng vdi may d u n t h a n h m i i va canh c h i m chieu c6 le + N h a n vat trOf t i n h h i e n l e n nhu m o t luT khach t h a hifctng khac khoai ve bong que hifcfng t r o n g m e n h m a n g song nifdfc ( l i e n he: T h o i H i e u , D6 Phii ) + Mo'i quan he giCa t h i e n n h i e n va ngifcfi: ngifcfi k h o n g xuat hi?n trifc tiep ma Sn sau t h i e n n h i e n (khdc v d i m o t so' tha ciia cac nha Thcf mdi, nhan v ^ t trOf tinh 16 dien triTc tiep); t h i e n n h i e n dudng nhif da chiem v i tri chu dao (tho Xuan D i e u : h i n h a n h t r u n g tam la ngudi), den t a n cu6'i bai thcf ngiTcfi mcSi h i e n dien t h a p t h o a n g qua mot t a m t r a n g , mot noi long - N o i dung truT t i n h : + C a m xuc c6 dcfn nho be trudc t h i e n n h i e n v6 han + N i buon, n i e m khao k h a t t i n h ngUcfi liic chieu t a bong xe cung la nhuTng cam xuc t h i r d n g gap t r o n g thor ca v i e t ve hoang hon (lien he) 146 + N i bu6n, n5i sau xuat phdt tir t h a n phan vong quoc vk Ibng yeu nifdc t h a m kin la ngu6n mach cam xuc luon c6 t r o n g c h i i u sau tarn hon ngUcfi V i e t - duoc the hien t r o n g van mach dan tpc til ca dao, t h o c6 dien den thcf h i e n dai D o n g gop - L a m mdri cha't c6 d i e n - Tao nen n6t dep phong each H u y Can - Tao nen net da dang cho T h o m d i - K h i n g d i n h T h o m d i k h o n g doan tuyet t r u y e n t h o n g T h i e n n h i e n t r o n g b a i thoT Trang giang ciia Huy C ^ n G0I Y LAM BAI Day vifa l a net dac s^c noi bat, vifa la m a t t h a n h cong ciia H u y Can t r o n g hki t h o Co the noi bai t h o noi t i e n g duoc luu giOr lau ben t r o n g long doc gia c h i n h la Huy Can da sang tao mot thien nhien ri&ng bai tha, mot t h i e n n h i e n m d i la, day tarn t r a n g va h a m chijfa nhieu y nghia sau sac Ban ve t h i e n n h i e n t r o n g bai tho Trang giang cua Huy Can, can chii y den cac y chinh sau day: T h i e n n h i e n l a mot n o i dung quEui t r o n g , k h o n g the t h i e u t r o n g t h o , dac biet l a T h o mdri 1932 - 1941 M i nha t h o deu cam n h a n t h i e n n h i e n theo cdch rieng ciia m i n h T r o n g Huy Can c6 each cam n h a n dac sac can chii y T h i e n n h i e n t r o n g thcr Trang the nao? giang cua H u y Can l a m o t t h i e n n h i e n n h i f - Do la mot thien nhien dep nhifiig buon (Phan tich va chiiCng m i n h qua bai thcf) - M o t t h i e n n h i e n m a n g cam h i i a g vu t r u (day l a cai net r i e n g cua H u y Can qua bai tha) - MQt t h i e n n h i e n chijfa dfiy tarn t r a n g cua n h a thcf (dac biet l a sif cam nhan cai "khong") - T h i e n n h i e n a'y boc 16 mot t i n h cam yeu nufdc t h a m k i n , m o t t i n h yeu que hufcfng t h a m t h ^ m ciia tac gia - T h i e n n h i e n vira c6 k i n h , viia h i e n dai, viTa gan gui quen thuoc v d i n h i e u buTc t r a n h da dang B a n luan, d a n h gia v§ t h i e n n h i e n t r o n g b a i thcf: m o t sang tao dac sdc, mot dong gop c6 y n g h i a cho Thcf m d i P h a n t i c h h a i c a u thri m a a n h (chi) t h i c h n h a t t r o n g b a i Trang N o i s a u vofi vofi c u a Trang giang giang dvCdc tao n e n tv( nhi3[ng y e u td' nao? N o i b u o n c u a t h i n h a n t r o n g t h d i d a i c u c y n g h i a g i ? V i noi b a i thcf vita m a n g y v i c6 dien, viia c sJc m a u h i p n d ^ i ? G0I Y LAM BAI Co the chon p h i n t i c h h a i cku thcf k e t hoac h a i cau t r o n g k h o thiJ h a i ciia bai tho 147 Vidu: Ndng xuong trai len sdu chot vot; Song ddi, trai rong, ben c6 lieu Day la hai cau thcf cUc ta cdi v6 bien cvia trang giang Khong gian nhu md rong het chieu kich nhflng do'i cUc: n^ng xuong - trcJi len, song dai - trdi rpng TiT ngCf rat binh thUcfng, dUng mot tap hop doi xuTng c6 dien, vay ma hieu qua no tao that bat ngd, ay la bdi cum tif sau chot vot K h i c6 nang thi bau trcri dudng nhu cao hon, xanh hon Su ket hop cai tham t h i m nhin xuong day song vdi cai chot vot k h i nhin len dinh trdi da tao mot cum tinh tiX doc dao sdu chot vot; va no that d&c dia k h i di§n ta mot cam giac cong hudng giOfa hai chieu khong gian de noi v6 bau trcfi; tham thSm, hun hut khong thay day GiOra "song dai, trcfi rong", giuTa cai menh mong cua dat trdi, ben tat phai "c6 lieu" Khong thay hinh anh ngifcfi nhung cai "ben c6 lieu" nhu da mang nang noi sau muon ngan nSm cua ngudi trudc cai v6 bien cua vu tru Do la Trdng giang dUOc lot ta den tan cung N6i sAu vdi voi cua Trdng giang trxXdc het dugc tao nen tiT am dieu tram buon ciia bai tho (nhip tho, dieu) sau nCa la cac hinh anh goi sU dcfn coi, xa vdng (canh cui lenh denh, canh beo troi dat, bb bai diu hiu, ) ggi cam giac nho nhoi cua ngUdi trUdc mot vu tru bao la, v6 cung v6 tan (mot canh cui lac giufa dong nUdc menh mong, cai ben c6 lieu giOfa hun hiit song dai trdi rpng, ) N6i sau bai thcf cung nhU rat nhieu bai thcf khac ciia Huy Can la mot dac digm cua tho Huy Can trUdc Cach mang Do la tam trang ciia mot t h i nhan mang sSn noi buon dau mat nUdc lai cam nhan duoc sau sic n6i sAu thien c6 ciia ngUdi nho be giOfa vu t r u bao la N6i bang khuang buon nhd ay la mot tinh cam dep de, g^n lien vdri tinh yeu thien nhien, dat ntfdc ciia nha tho Chii y: chat c6 dien cua bki thcf la d the tho that ngon, am dieu tram l ^ g , ngon tix va hinh anh Udc le; sac thai hien dai nkm cf cai mdi la tuT tho Suy nghi ve bai thcf Trang giang cua Huy C^n I K I E N THLfC CCf BAN CAN N A M VCfNG Huy Can (1919-2005) que of Hk Tinh TrUdc Cach mang thang Tam, cung vdi Xuan Dieu, Huy Can rait n6i tieng phong trao Tho mdi Tho Huy Can CO chieu sau suy nghl, c6 y vi triet hoc, nhieu tinh cam nhung thucfng roi v^o b§' t i c , u sau Sau Cach mang, Huy Can hang hai hoat dong van nghe phuc vu khang chien va sU nghiep xay dung da't nudtc sau hoa binh 6ng nguyen la Thii trudng Bo V a n h6a, Chu tich Hoi lien hi§p V a n hoc - Nghe thuat Viet Nam Bai tho Trdng giang dUcfc sdng tac vao mot buoi chieu mua thu nam 1939 Liic Ky, Huy Can dibig d bd nam b&'n Chfem, nhin canh song Hong menh mong song nUdfc, 16ng buon vcfi vcfi, cdm canh cho mot kiep ngUcfi noi troi giOfa dong ddi v6 dinh ma viet nen bki thcf nky Bai thcf duoc in tap Luta thieng 148 Bai thot t a canh c h i l u ncfi m o t dong song m e n h mong, diu h i u , hoang v i n g va qua t h d 16 noi n i e m c6 dcfn ciia m i n h , cung c h i n h la n o i buon song n i i i , n6i buon dat nude sau k i n t r o n g long tac gia Trdng giang l a m o t t r o n g nhOmg bai thcf hay n h a t cua H u y Can trifdc Cdch mang t h a n g T a m II SUY N G H i Cau de tif boc 16 cam xiic, bay to t a m t r a n g cua n h a tha trUdc m o t k h n g gian bao l a cua bau t r d i N i n i e m bang k h u a n g (ng6 ngang, luyen tie'c, n h d thUcmg dan xen iSn nhau) c h i n h l a cam xiic bao t r i i m t o a n b a i t h o Tuy n k m ngoai van b a n , nhuTng cau de tU da the h i e n y nghe t h u a t va tu tifdng ciia toan bai t h o N i n i e m bang k h u a n g da n o i d cau d e tix diXdc t r i i n k h a i t r o n g toan bai Toan bo bai t h o Trdng giang deu t h a m d i m mot n i buon T r o n g m o i kho tho, tix each gieo vSn, tao n h i p den each xay dUng bo' cue, bai t h o deu thang t h o t m o t n6i buon Dac biet l a sU doi lap giOfa k h n g g i a n m e n h m6ng, cao rong v d i cai be nho, mong m a n h cua m o t k i e p ngifdi Do c h i n h l a n i buon inidc vu t r u r o n g Idn, n i e m khao k h a t g^n bo, hoa n h a p v d i cuoc d6i, t i n h cam doi vdi que hUOng, dat nixdc ciia H u y Can Trdng giang l a m o t bai t h o c6 ve dep c6 dien Ve dep the h i e n d nhieu phuong d i e n , tii de t a i (son t h u y ) den t e n goi (Trdng giang) Dac b i e t l a a th§ t h o ( t h a t ng6n) vdi each n g i t n h i p quen thuoc (4/3 hoac 2/2/3) va each thiJc xay d i m g h i n h a n h do'i lap {ndng xud'ng ~ trai len, thuyen ve - nUac Iqi, song ddi - trai rong, cai bao la, v6 cung cua vu t r y - cai be nho, hCiru h a n ciia ngudi) Cach thufc mieu t a nhtJng biic t r a n h t h i e n n h i e n cung m a n g a m dieu Dudng t h i (chi m i e u t a mot v a i net don so ma g h i l a i h o n co't cua tao v4t) N h i m g Trdng giang cung l a mot b a i t h o r a t gan gui, t h a n thuoc B a i t h o hien dai t r o n g each cam n h a n sir vat t r o n g each suf dung t h i lieu, h i n h a n h (cui, s6ng, nang, beo, cat, cay x a n h , canh chim, ) T a t ca tao n e n m o t biitc tranh gan gui, quen thuoc bdi no l i n vao n h i l i i g canh que song nude t r e n k h ^ p Viet N a m N h d do, hhi t h o c6 ve dep vifa c6 dien, T i n h yeu t h i e n n h i e n d day t h a m viTa diTOm t h a n quen, gan gui long yeu nUdc t h a m kin cua tac gia V i t r o n g giai doan nay, n6i buon sau ciia H u y Can da hoa v a o n i buon cua ngifdi dan no le b i m a t chu quyen Va v i yeu que huong, dat nifdc n e n H u y Can m d i c6 difoc nhCfng cam n h a n t i n h te ve h i n h a n h dat nifdc, que hifong cu the t r o n g bai Phan t i c h nhiifng dac sdc nghe t h u a t ciia bai t h o , hoc s i n h chii y t h i t h o that ng6n m a n g y v i t h o Dudng t r a n g n g h i e m , c6 k i n h , each ngSt n h i p h a i hoa tao sir can doi B a i t h o suf dung t h i i phap tirong p h a n d n h i e u cau t h o , nghe thuat doi c6 tac d u n g l a m n o i bat cac h i n h a n h duoc m i e u t a {ndng xud'ng - 149 trdi lin, thuyin ve - niCdc lai, s6ng dai - trdi rdng, ), cung \km noi bat y ciia tac gia muon noi den nho be hOu han cua ngi/di giOfa cai bao la, v6 cung, v6 tan cua vu tru Cac tif Idy diTcfc sijf dung nhieu {diu hiu, chot vot, la tha, diep diep, song song ) tao n h i p dieu cho bai tho Nhieu bien p h a p tu tii nhu nhan h6a, ^n du, so sdnh cung dugc tac gia suf dung linh boat Trong cac bai thcr cua minh, Huy Can luon t o luon nhay cam vdi khong gi£m rong Idn ca thdi gian vinh h^ng Vdi Trang giang cung vay, toan bai tho deu tham dim mot n6i buon M6i kho tho thifc chat la mot sU trien khai khac cua n8i buon va thudng d\Xac ggi len hkng each doi lap giGa cAi menh mong, cao rong nhif v6 han vcJi cai nho be, mong manh giOra khong gian v6 tan va thbi gian vinh hkng Tham khao cac nhan xet sau noi ve bai tha Trang giang: "Goi day cai hon Dong A, ngUcfi da khoi day cai mach ngam may nghin nam vSn ngain ngam coi dat Huy Can trien mien canh xua, tr5 truyen vdi ngifdi xUa, luon di ve tren ducmg thdi gian v6 tan" (Hoai Thanh) - "Cam giac noi troi nhat ciia ta la mot cam giac khong gian (Xuan Di$u) Trong hki tho Hoang Hoc Idu cua nha tho Trung Quoc dbi Di/cfng Thoi Hieu cau "Nhat mo hifcfng quan hk xuT thiTATen ba giang thuong nhan sau" (Que hirong khuat bong hoang hon/Tren song khoi song cho buon long ai?) Cau tho cuoi "Khong khoi hoang hon cung nhd nha" ciia Huy Can lam cho ngUdi doc lien tudng den hai cau tho bai Hoang Hac Idu cua Thoi Hieu Vi ca hai nha tho Huy Can va Thoi Hieu deu lay thi lieu tiT nhCifng hinh anh quen thuoc, gan gui (hoang hon, song) deu noi ve que hi/ong, n6i buon Tuy nhien hai bai thcf vin c6 sit khac biet tieu bieu Tho c6 dien cua Thoi Hi?u thi ta canh ngu tinh; thcf mdi cua Huy Can thi khong can mifcfn tdi ngoai canh ma cung bieu hi^n ducfc nhOfng cung bac tinh cam Tho mdi la tho ciia cai "toi" C O SIJT '®«5r Gia tri bai thcT Trang giang G0I Y LAM BAI I NQI DUNG - Huy Can Ik mot nhOng ngtf&i da c6 cong dua tho mdri p h a t tri^n d§n dinh cao 6ng de lai cho dcfi nhieu tac p h a m c6 gia tri ve noi dung va nghe thuat - Trang giang la mot bai thcf diroc sang tac trudc Cach mang thang Tim Bai t h o mang mot n6i buon, mpt n6i sau v a n c6 va do mang sic thai Dudng thi ro n6t cua D6 Phu, Trdn Tuf Ngang, Thoi Hieu BhCc tranh song ddi trifi rgng - Bki tho m d canh tiTOng s o n g mrdc menh mong, b a t ngat Mat song c6 s6ng, nhuTng dcfi song gon 16 x6 goi v6 t a n m a i tdi chan trcfi Cai menh mong di kfem theo sU hoang v^ng, bcf vo, hiu quanh NhuTng chi tiet tranh song dai trcfi rong vdi c o n dat, his xanh, b a i vang, lang xa, cung kh6ng the llim c h o canh v^t them sinh dpng hon Tat ca menh mang, hoang buTc 150 sa nhu iTiQt bd b i e n sijf A m t h a n h cua sif song t h a t l a yeu dt, c h i l a a m t h a n h tif xa vong l a i cua cho chieu van - Khong gian cua Trang giang von b a t ngat l a i nhif dUcfc n d i r o n g r a v6 tan ve moi p h i a : n d n g xuo'ng, t r d i len vdi mot sau den chot vot K h o n g g i a n lai t h e m m e n h m a n g h i u quanh h o n vcJi cai t h i e u vang: Menh Khong mong khong mot chuyen cdu gai chiit niem than C6 the n i , k h u n g canh ciia Trang giang ngang mat l a m cho ngudi t a c6 cam giac chodng ngop T a m t r a n g c u a c o n ngi^di t r e n s o n g nufoTc T r a n g g i a n g - Trang giang l a bufc t r a n h t h i e n n h i e n m a n g t r o n g no s U le l o i , c6 dcfn D6 la h i n h a n h cua chiec t h u y e n nho, n h d n h ciii k h o , bong c h i m moi N g o a i r a , canh v a t c6n m a n g m o t su bo vo, hoang v d n g va don dieu goi l e n bao n i buon cho ngifdi C h i n h v i t h e ma n h a thcf da ao Udc, mot udc m o b i n h d i va g i a n di nhat: c6 mot chiec cau de no'i h a i his, de c6 sir giao hoa, t h a n m a t , a m ciing - Cung CO the d i dang g i a i t h i c h dUcfc n i long ciia n h a t h o m a n g n i sau van CO T r o n g cuoc song ngot ngat ciia che thufc dan liic bay gior, nhuTng ngudi t h a n h n i e n t r i thuTc nhif H u y Can dang dijfng trude nhOfng ducrng phai lifa chon T a m t r a n g cua ho c6 nhOfng bcf vo, lac l o n g , m a n g d a m kho'i buon thucfng - Tuy n h i e n , t r o n g ho l u o n chay bong mot t i n h yeu doi v d i que hi/ang, dfin tgc cho nen ho t h u d n g mUdn nhChig h i n h a n h khac de boc 16 t i n h cam cua minh H u y Can cung vay, ong m u a n h i n h a n h cua dong song hoang v ^ n g de gijti v^o l o n g yeu nufdc t h a m k i n Ong luon t h a y bo v d , buon ba mac du d a n g b t r e n que hUOng m i n h B o i v i que huong da m a t chii quyen n e n m d i vay Dac bi?t, cau cuoi b ^ i t h o t h e h i e n ro t i n h cam do: "Khong khoi hoang hon cung nhd nha" II NGHE T H U A T - B ^ i thot m a n g d a m phong each Dudng t h i , l a m o t bufc t r S n h dep, buon qua each xay diftig he t h o n g h i n h a n h dac sdc - Trang giang l a k e t qua cua m o t qua t r i n h lifa chon ngon nguT d bai t h o , cac t\i Idy ho^n t o a n : diep diep, song song, Idp lap, dan dan t a o n e n s\i deu ' dan, l a m cho nSi buori t h e m m i e n m a n - C^c tir: ndng xudng, trdi len, sau chot vot l a m cho n i buon I a n toa v a khong gian difoc m d rong - Cac h i n h a n h ttfong p h a n giila cai m e n h m o n g va*cai n h be l a m cho ngudi doc choang ngop t r o n g k h o n g g i a n bao l a vo cung cua v u t r u 151 H A N M A C TLT ChuCng m i n h Day thon Vi Da l a mpt t i n h y e u dofn phvfcmg c a y d&ng BAI LAM THAM KHAO A i da tCmg den vdri xuT Hue m o n g mo, c h i c chan se k h o n g the quen dUdc nhOfng canh dep n o i day: song HifOng, n u i NgU, chua T h i e n M u Canh dep ncfi day da t i t o g l a m say d a m t a m hon bao n h a t h o , t r o n g c6 H a n Mac Tijf Co le bdi vay ma H a n Mac TiJf da viet Bay thon Vl Da - mot buTc t r a n h t h a t dep ve canh vat va ngUdi xiJ Hue D o i v d i r i e n g t o i , an tiTpng sau dam n h a t ma bai thcf de l a i l a : m o i t i n h yeu d o n phi/dng, t h a m l a n g va cay d i n g ciia t h i n h a n doi vdri ngUcfi gai t h o n V i Neu d k h o t h o thuf n h a t , H a n Mac Tuf dung ngoi but h i c n thifc de mieu ta canh vUcTn tuoc, cay la, ngudi t h o n V l , t h i d h a i kho t h o sau nha tho chuyen sang ngoi b u t trCif t i n h , l a n g m a n Ngon ngiJ day ao mong, difdng n h u n h a thcf da t r d ve t h o n V i t i m ngUdi gai yeu thiTOng, dap ufng mot t i n h yeu tuoi t r e T r o n g thiTc te, t h i si k h o n g ve t h o n V i Da, n h i m g l i n h hon ong da t r d ve bang n d i n h d mong, k h a t vpng h a n h phiic Co le v i vay ma h i n h a n h t h o hd h d t h a t t h a t n h u m o t gia'c mong T i e p theo nhOmg dong cam xiic d k h o t h o dau, kho t h o t h d h a i , nha tho m i e u t a canh song nUdc, gio may, t r a n g x d Hue Vda la buoi b i n h m i n h d kho t h o mot, den day da l a mot dem t r a n g sang T r o n g dem t r a n g ay, canh va ngUdi v l n dep n h u n g buon, ndi buon cua sU chia 11: Gio theo loi gio, may diCang may Dong nUac buon thiu, hoa bdp lay Thuyen dau ben song trdng Co cha trdng ve kip toi nay? Gi6 va m a y v a n luon g i n bo v d i n h a u n h u n g n h a t h o l a i t h a y "gid theo loi gid, may dudng may", may va gid d i ngUOc chieu D o n g song Huong lang i d t r o i d i n h u m a n g n a n g m o t n d i buon Dong H u o n g Giang v i n dep, h i l n hoa n h u t h e , n h U ngdng t r o i N h a t h o da cUc t a ndi buon ay bang tU "buon t h i u " - n d i bu6n c6 don den h i u h a t , n h u n m e m nhU m a t he't sU song Ben canh dong H u o n g Giang, nhUng r a n g ngo, b a i m i a cung xao xuyen mot ndi buon Hoa bap k h e lay dong r u n g m i n h v i may, gid, d i vang het, t r a l a i sU l a n h leo, t r o n g v i n g giUa k h o n g g i a n m e n h mang Neu t r o n g kho t h o t h d n h a t la c a the g i d i h i e n thuc t h i sang k h d t h o t h d h a i nay, t a k h o n g the p h a n biet dupc dau la thuc, dau l a h u nCfa, cang luc cai the gidi mo m o n g ao l a i cang Ian at cai the g i d i h i e n thUc Trudc canh v a t buon \k a m dam, t r o n g vang ay, n h a t h o nhU t h o a n g t h a y , hay c h i l a m o n g m o i bong ngudi xuat h i e n : 152 biet l a t r o n g quan he t i n h cam vdi cha me TU viec l a m ro n h f l t i g d i e m t i c h cifc, hop l i , hcfp tinh va nhuCng diem h a n che, bat cap cua t i m g quan diem, bai viet se boo 16 n h a n thiJc, y thufc ve ban t h a n va ve vai t r b ciia cha me doi vdi cupc song cua tu6i m d i Idn Thuyet phuc ngucfi doc ve sir lira chon mot t r o n g h a i quan diem tile la cac em biet chon cho m i n h loi song tot nhat, phii hop nhat A Ve k i nang Co the t r i n h bay b a i v i e t dudi dang v a n n g h i l u a n , n h a t k i , thir ngo giiri bo' me dii viet b k n g k i e u v&n ban nao b a i v a n cung p h a i c6 bo' cue mach lac, can doi, xac d i n h dung va l a m ro h a i quan d i e m song dUcfc gcfi cr de b a i va thuyet phuc ngUcfi doc ve quan d i e m ngiTdi v i e t lua chon B Ve k i e n thiiTc - DiTa vao Icri g h i t r e n h a i t a m bien d l t i m r a h a i quan d i e m song ciaa luTa tuoi diTOc bo me d a n h cho k h o n g gian so'ng r i e n g t r o n g gia d i n h : Sain sang don n h a n sU quan t a m , chia se, d i n h hifdng va ca sir k i e m t r a , giam sat cua bo me Quan d i e m de cao v a i t r o quan t r o n g cua bo' me do'i vdi cuoc song tuoi m d i I d n Luon m o n g muon bo' me t n t r o n g cuoc so'ng ciia r i e n g m i n h Quan d i e m de cao y n g h i a ciSa sir tU lap, chu dong t r o n g cuoc song cua t u o i m d i I d n - L a m ro (bkng l i le va thirc te cuoc song ciia b a n t h a n , ciia nhOfng ngiT&i xung quanh) d i e m t i c h cufc, hop l i , hop t i n h va nhufng h a n che, bat cap cua ttoig quan d i e m t r e n - Nen b^t dau tCr dac d i e m t a m s i n h l i t u o i m d i Idn - luTa t ^ o i luon n g h i minh da k h o n Idn, da c6 the tir lap va t a m l i chung ciia nhOmg bac cha me nhijfng ngirdi luon n g h i cai liic nao cung be bong, d i vap nga n e n luc nao cung can diTOc che chd, cham soc, k i e m soat, k i e m t r a N e n p h a n t i c h , doi chieu so sanh h a i quan diem, t i m r a quan d i e m p h u hop n h a t v d i b a n t h a n - Thuyet phuc ngirdi doc ve sir lira chon ciia b a n t h a n '2>«5; "Mpt canh en nho chang lam nen mua xuan" (Pham Tuyen) Gdl Y L A M B A I Day l a d l m d , hoc s i n h c6 the c6 nhiJng each l a m bai khac n h a u v d i viec lUa chon k i e u v a n ban va phiTOng thufc bieu dat p h i i hop Tuy n h i e n , dCi l a m theo each nao cung p h a i gan v d i y nghia, buTc t h o n g diep cua Icfi ca Dirdi day l a mot so' gcfi y m a n g t i n h d i n h hiTdng: - M i i a xuan l a sir hop sac, hop a m cua muon v a n canh vat, yeu to' khac nhaa ; mot canh en nho chiTa du de l a m nen mua xuan k i dieu M i i a xuan cuoc dcfi diroc tao nen tCr n h i e u n h a n to; muon l a m viec I d n p h a i c6 cong sir tir n h i e u ngirdi t a m huyet, siifc m a n h tap the diroc tao n e n tCr v a i t r o ciia tUng ca n h a n - M o t canh en nho chang l a m n e n mua xuan n h u n g neu t h i e u d i canh en nho t h i lieu mua xuan c6 hirong sac t r o n ven K h o n g the c6 d a n en neu thieu d i t i m g cdnh en; m o t h a t cat k h o n g l a m n e n sa mac n h u t i g neu t h i e u 259 m i h a t cat gop l a i lieu c6 c n sa mac D i u biet r k n g mot ngiT&i dau phai nh gian, dau b i e t r a n g mot canh en nho chang l a m nen mua xuan nhiftig ban t h e hoa vao dat trcfi de m a n g mua xuan yeu thifong den cho n h a n loai - B a n ve v a i t r o , gia t r i , ve dep, t a m quan t r o n g ciia ca n h a n va tap t h mo'i quan he giGa cai r i e n g va cai chung, m i ngUdi va moi ngLfdi M Q I pham chat c a n c6 cua ngifdi hoc sinh G0I Y LAM BAI D l b a i yeu cau h o c s i n h l a m mot bai n g h i luan xa hoi theo hifdng m d Hi s i n h tU xac d i n h m o t p h a m chat can c6 dol vdi ngirdi hoc s i n h Co the lua chc mot t r o n g nhiimg p h a m chat: sir can cii, t i n h sang tao, t i n h t r u n g thiTc, lon^ dung cam v.v ? B ^ i l a m c a n c6 sir k e t hop dSn chiimg v.a l i le; c6 the theo t r i n h tir lap luan nhiT sau: - Xac d i n h m o t p h a m chat can c6 cua ngircri hoc s i n h - G i a i t h i c h duoc p h a m chat la gi? - P h a n t i c h t a i no l a i can t h i e t doi vdi hoc s i n h - Phe p h a n n h f l n g h i e n thUc t r a i ngugc - B a i hoc n h a n thuTc va h a n h dong Suy nghi ciia anh (chi) ve cau noi: "Khong noi dau rvCt Id, lam noi nhanh mai." G0I Y LAM BAI A Ve k i nang H o c s i n h b i e t each l a m b a i n g h i luan xa h o i ; k e t cau chat che, d i i n dat lifli loat K h o n g m^c l o i c h i n h t a , diing tCr va ngCf phap B Ve k i e n thiXc Hoc s i n h c6 the dufa r a nhOfng y k i e n r i e n g va t r i n h bay theo nhieu each khac nhiTng can neu bat diroc cac y c h i n h sau: Neu v a n de c a n nghi lu^in G i a i quyet v a n de a Giai thich: - N g h i a den: nhufng n h a n h m a i tiroi dep khoe sac t r o n g xuan p h a i t r a i qua qua t r i n h riirt bo t a t c a nhiJng chiec l a - N g h i a bong: ngircfi p h a i biet t r a i qua nhiJng kho k h a n t r o n g cuoc song de d i den t h a n h cong Phan tich, chiJCng minh: - K h a n g d i n h gia t r i ciia cau noi - M u o n t h a n h cong, muon dat diroc gia t r i , t h a n h tUu rirc r p h a i t r a i qua nhiJng k h o k h a n , t h a m c h i c6 c a noi dau the xdc (mo h o i , cong sufc.) 260 - Lay dSn chiJng tix thUc te (gUcJng vuat kho), tix ban than va sach vet (Vi du: Bki Nghe tieng gia goo cua Ho Chi Minh ) c Binh luan: - Cau noi tren hoan toan diing v6'\g biet kien t r i nhan nai vviat qua kho khan, n8i dau cua cuoc dcri de di den cong - Tuy vay, vSn c6 nhufng ngUcJi khong chiu ditog diroc n6i dau, thudng to yeu hen, nhiit nhdt t u tUorng v^ h^nh dong Tir dSn den su that bai hoac khong dat ducfc nhCng tifu va gia t r i ma ban than can phai c6 Bai hoc nhan thuTc, hanh dong: - Biet vifcrt qua n6i dau, kho khan de di den cong la phiicfng cham song, nghi life ciia tuoi tre - Suy nghi cua ban than ve van de * Luu y: - Khuyen khich nhiJng sang tao, kien giai rieng hap l i C h u a n b i ho sot d\i t h i d a i hoc, H o c h o i S i n h : C ^ u c h o n n g h e gi? S i n h : T a t n h i e n , c h o n n g h e l a m r a n h i e u t i c n C o n c|Lu? H o c : M i n h muo'n c h o n n g h e m i n h y e u t h i c h ! A n h (chi) h a y v i e t m p t b a i t r a o d o i c u n g h a i b a n H p c v a S i n h ve q u a n d i e m c h o n n g h e c u a m i n h BAI LAM THAM KHAO Doan than! Tr6i dang vao dong, nhiJng can gio mua cur ao at thoi ve, buo't lanh, long em lai nhd den anh, nhd nhuTng thang, k i niem k h i ta ben Thdi gian troi nhanh that, mdi ma da hai nam, quang thdi gian chdng ngan nhifng chua hkn da dai, no da d i l n bao doi thay ma anh khong hay bie't Bay gid anh da la sinh vien nam thiJ hai ciia TrUdng Dai hoc Giao thong Van tai, the nhiflig em t i n rkng, anh vSn nhd, vao thdi gian hai nam trUdc anh da kh6 khan nhU th§' nao de chon nghe? Va bay gid em cung vay! Anh nhd, c6 Ian anh da dua em "Sau nay, t h i dai hoc em chon nghe ^?" Em tra Idi: " D i nhien la chon nghe em yeu thich nhix gido vien ching han!" Anh da coc dau em va noi "Ngoc qua c6 be a! Phai chon nghe nhieu tien chuf!", roi anh lai cUdi Anh a! Van de chon nghe ciia nien, hoc sinh hien ndi chung va em noi rieng la mpt van de khong kem phan quan giiip tuoi tre tU tin han, CO dinh hudng diing d^n k h i budc vao ddi Chon nghe c6 vai tro rat quan trong, no g6p phan quyet dinh den tuong lai, hanh phiic cua m6i ngirdi, bdi nghe nghiep chinh la "nguon" cung cap tai chinh kinh te cho gia dinh, kinh te c6 on dinh, c6 kha gia t h i chat luang CUQC song mdi tot han, va tuang lai, hanh phiic cua moi ngudi mdi dugc dam bao 261 Hcfn the, chon nghe cung the hien dxigc l i tifdng cua tuoi tre Con ngiXdi ta song phai c6 l i tudng, dac biet la tuoi tre The nhtftig, cung nhu bao ban tre khac cung trang lufa, em cung phai duTng tnfdc sU lUa chon ve nghe nghiep cho tuong lai Anh da noi vdi em "Phai chpn nghe lam nhieu tien sau cuoc song mdri tot dep difoc!" Cung c6 the dieu anh n6i la diing, bdi cuoc song hien dai nay, ti6n c6 vai tro rat quan trong cuoc song, no giiip ngifcfi thoa man moi nhu cau ca nhan, giai quyS't duoc nhieu cong viec, no cung gop p h l n quan trong viec tao lap hanh phiic gia dinh, xay dufng dat mfdc giau manh Khi c6 tien ta cung c6 the giiip d5 dUOc ban be va nhtfng ngUdi c6 hoan canh kho khan hay nhCng tre em lang thang cO nhS Tuy vay, cuoc song cua ngirdi khong chi c6 nhu cau vat chat m ^ c6n can ca nhu cau t i n h than, t i n h cam Nhieu k h i nhijfng cam xiic, tinh cam ay lai khong the mua bang t i l n The nen, tien khong phai la tat ca Viec chpn nghe cho ban than tUOng lai ma chi vdri muc dich lam nhieu tien nhimg nghe ay minh khong yeu thich, khong phu hop t h i cong viec se cang t r d ganh nang cuoc song ciia ta K h i ta lam cong vi?c se khong di/oc tot, khong nhu mong muo'n Hon the', ne'u cong viec ma chung ta lam lai khong phu hop vdi ban than va khong yeu thich t h i at c6 sit that bai K h i chat lUOng cong viec khong duoc tot, no khong chi anh hudng den ban thfin ma anh hudrng ca co qu£ui va xa hoi V i nhii, mot k i sif thiet ke mot san pham (la mot chiec lop xe) nhifng vi khong yeu thich nghe nen thuc hien da c6 nhieu sai sot k i thuat d i n den chat lUcfng khong tot Khi cho san xuat dai tra, ban t h i trifdng, liic ay lieu an toan cua moi ngufcji c6 difoc dam bao k h i di xe c6 nhufng lop nhu the' ! The ndn, chon nghe lam nhieu tien cung khong han la mot quyet dinh dung Nhu em da tUng noi "Nen chon nghe minh yeu thich!" Dieu do, sau suy nghi k i em thay cung chi diing mot phan Bdi tinh yeu nghe la rat quan trong, the nhung cuoc song cang phat trien, nhu cau xa hoi va ca nhan cang cao, vi the, neu chi cham cham vao chon nghe minh thich ma khong chii y den nhUng van de khac, nhufng mat khac ciia xa hoi, ta se kho ddp uTng ducfc nhufng nhu cau chinh dang ay K h i duoc lam nghe ma ta yeu thich nhUng nghe lai khong dap Ung duoc cac yeu cau vat chat cua cuoc so'ng t h i cung rat kho de ta c6 the t r i duoc long yeu thich nghe NhUng, chon nghe minh yeu thich cung chua chac da sai! Bdi chon nghe ta yeu thich se thoa man duoc nhOfng nhu cau, scf thich ca nhan ciia m5i ngUdi K h i ay, tinh than se duoc thoai mai, mSi se 1^ mot vui vk hi$u qua cong viec se tot hofn bdi no duoc thuc hien vdi ca tam long nhiet huye't dam me 262 Tuy n h i g n , theo e m , ca h a i quan n i g m d i u p h i e n dien, no chi xuat p h d t tit y thiJc chu quan cua m i ngvfdi, m a chUa thUc sir xuat p h a t t i r quan d i e m , l i tUcfng cao dep ciia t h a n h n i e n l i i e n B d i vay, quan d i e m chon nghe cua t h a n h nien h i e n l a p h a i vira quan t a m den sd t h i c h ca n h a n , vCra chu y den v a n de t h u nhap M a t khac, cung p h a i thuoc vao nhieu yeu to khac n h i f dieu kien k i n h te gia d i n h , n a n g k h i e u , nang luc cua b a n t h a n va ca n h u cau ciia xa hoi, ciia dat nudfc A n h biet k h o n g , e m d a tiftig nghe m o t cau n o i " H a y chpn nghe gi m a b a n CO the cong h i e n cho x a h o i " Va e m t h a y d i i u r a t dung a n h a! T r e n day 1^ nhOfng suy n g h i ciia e m v i viec chon nghe t r o n g t u a n g l a i ! H a y suy n g h i v ^ n i cho e m nhOfng dieu a n h n g h i nhe! fDS: Vdri n h a n de " H o a h a u n h a t r a c v a d o n g nv(6c t h a i tiif V e - d a n " bao T u o i tre Online "Ngdu nhan Iloa nhien hay ddu doc hdu Philipines Trdi dang (Thuf h a i , n g a y 15 t h a n g n a m 2008) c6 d o a n : trung dong dat song 2007 hcfp, thcfi diem cdc Thi Vai thang vd hai Hoa hdu nhdt rdc tren bien Can dong niidc song Trdi dat thai, cung tdc Id luc Singapore vd Gift" D o n g t i n t r e n grii c h o a n h ( c h i ) s u y n g h i g i ? BAI LAM T r o n g n a m 2008, V i e t N a m c6 mot sir k i e n l a m xon xao dir luan x a h o i mot t h d i g i a n d a i Do l a sir k i e n dong song T h i V a i b i ddu doc nghiem t r o n g bdi tac n h a n l a nhOfng dong nifdc t h a i cong nghiep tiT V e - d a n t h i n g song Cung t h i gian V i e t N a m l a d i e m den cua hoa h a u T r a i dat 2007 v a h a i hoa hau T r a i dat Singapore, P h i l i p i n e s v d i nhOfng boat dong bao v e m o i tru6ng n h u t h u gom rac t h a i , tuyen t r u y e n moi ngiTcfi n a n g cao y thOfc v d i m o i triTdng song H a i boat dong ngSu n h i e n nhiTng t r u n g hop d a duoc bao tre Online Tuoi (ThiJ h a i 15 t h a n g n a m 2008) phan a n h b^ng m o t b a i bao vdi cai t i t v6 cung doc dao Hoa hau nhdt rdc vd dong nuac thdi tit Ve-dan Bai bao CO doan " N g i u n h i e n hay t r u n g hop, t h d i diem cac dong mrdc t h a i , tac nhan dau doc dong song T h i V a i t h i n g r a song cung la liic hoa hau T r a i dat 2007 \k h a i hoa hau T r a i dat Singapore v a P h i l i p i n e s dang n h a t rac t r e n bi^n Can Gicf" B a i bao d a neu l e n h a i each limg xijf do'i lap cua ngirdi doi vdi m o i triTofng s o n g , tiT g i o n g l e n h o i c h u o n g canh t i n h ve viec bao ve moi trUdng Moi triTdng s o n g la t o a n bp nhutng ^ ton t a i xung quanh chiing ta Moi trUdng cung cap cho t a d a t dai mau m d de t r o n g t r o t , l a n o i diTng n h a cijfa de an cir lac n g h i e p M o i trirdng c u n g cap cho t a n g u o n ni/dc doi dao k h o n g chi de dung t r o n g s i n h boat m a dong vai t r o quan t r o n g t r o n g san xuat He 263 t h o n g song ngoi, ho b i e n l a nhumg t u y e n giao t h o n g huyet mach giiip giao liTU k i n h te, v a n hoa M o i triTcfng cung cap cho t a a n h n a n g vang riTc r , cho t a bau k h o n g k h i t r o n g l a n h K h o n g c6 the song tach k h o i m o i trtfdng cung khong c6 the chiem cho m i n h mot m o i trUcfng r i e n g k h o n g l i e n he vdi moi triTcJng khac Ca n h a n l o a i t o n t a i , chia se chung m o i triTcrng V i the', m i h a n h dpng cua ca n h a n gay a n h hirdrng xau t d i m o i trifdng t h i deu dkn den hau qua cho ca m o t cong dong ngiTdi r o n g Idtn T r o n g nhOfng n a m gan day, m o i t r i f d n g b i n h i i m mot n g h i e m t r o n g dSn t d i n h i t a g hau qua triTc t i e p nhiT: pha huy sir da dang ciia he s i n h t h a i , gia t a n g cac b e n h h i e m ngheo dac biet l a ung t h u , l a m bung p h a t cac dich benh nguy h i e m k e m theo nhufng hau qua g i a n t i e p l a sU bien doi k h i hau toan cau v(Ji h a n g loat t h a m hoa t h i e n n h i e n c6 sufc t a n pha k h i i n g k h i e p , l i e n tiep xay r a gay t h i e t h a i I d n ve ngucfi va t a i san Nguyen n h a n ciia n h i i m m o i trifcfng c6 r a t n h i e u : rac t h a i s i n h hoat, hoa chat, thuoc bao ve thifc v a t du thifa t r o n g qua t r i n h san xuat nong nghiep va dac b i e t 1^ chat t h a i cua c&c nhk may cong nghiep V d i hang loat p h a t m i n h khoa hoc k i t h u a t , n g a n h cong nghiep da phat t r i e n n h a n h chong, san xuat r a m o t k h o i liTOng h a n g hoa k h o n g 16 tao dong lire cho nen k i n h te K h o n g a i c6 thi phu n h a n vai t r o to Idn cua cong nghiep n h i e n viec san xuat cong nghiep at k h o n g chu y den bao ve m o i triTbng se gay r a hau qua n g h i e m t r o n g m a a i cung ro, dac biet t r o n g nhOng n a m gan day NhiJng h i n h a n h chan thirc, song dong ve song T h i V a i diTOc dang t a i t r e n k h ^ p cac phirong t i e n t h o n g t i n d a i chiing da r u n g l e n hoi chuong canh t i n h ve viec bao ve m o i triTdng Con song ay m o t thcfi t r o n g x a n h vdi he t h o n g dong thiTc vat phong p h u , l a nguon l o i I d n cho dan cir h a i ben song t h i gicJ day trcr t h a n h song chet den ngom K h o n g m o t loai s i n h v a t nao song n o i H o n the sufc khoe cua ngiTdi dan h a i ben b6 song b i de doa n g h i e m t r o n g cac k i m loai nang, hoa chat doc h a i t h a m vao dat t r o n g , len l o i vao t r o n g nhufng mach niTdc ngam sau t r o n g l o n g dat Ngoai t r u d n g hop song T h i V a i m d i diTOc p h a n h p h u i t h i cong l u a n chac cung k h o n g de quen nhufng "ngoi l a n g ung t h u " dang n^m r a i rac t r e n k h a p ca niTdrc cac n h a may cong nghiep xa t h a n g chat t h a i cong nghiep r a m o i triTdng Cho du n h i e u n h a may va nha niTdc da c6 bien phap, c h i n h sach de cai tao m o i t r u d n g , giup dcr nhufng gia d i n h c6 ngiTdi mdc benh n h u n g p h a i r a t lau nufa m o i trirdng m6i t r d l a i n h u ban dau.Va k h i n^o m o i trirdng b i n h i i m t h i ngiToti d a n p h a i lo I d n g ve cac loai benh t a t nguy h i e m deo dang H a n h dong pha huy m o i triTdng ciia cong t i Ve-dan noi r i e n g va cua cac n h ^ may cong nghiep n o i chung dang b i len an, phe p h a n gay gat, dong t h d i se c6 h i n h thufc xijf p h a t t h a t n g h i e m khac Bdfi nhufng h a n h dong d i nguoc l a i l o i i c h chung cua toan xa h o i No l a h a n h dong i c h k i , vu I d i cua m o t bo phan ngiTcfi chi b i e t c h a m c h a m lo t i n h l o i ich trirdc m^t ma bat chap hau qua da 264 dtftfc canh bao Chat thai cong nghiep c6 a n h hirdng sau sac tdi sU sinh trudng va phat trien ciia d o n g thifc vat va ngUcfi Khong nhiimg t h e cac loai chat thai Ichi tham vao moi trudng thi viec xijf li khong the m o t sdm m o t chieu, he sinh t h a i bi m a t di se can h a n g chuc n a m d6' khoi p h u c , cac benh hiem nghfeo t h i thudng d§ lai di chiJng d e n nhieu t h e he Tuy vay ta khong t h e ngiftig cac b o a t d o n g s a n xuat cong nghiep bdi vai tro quan ciia no nen k i n h te Giai p h a p la p h a i xay dimg nhCrng n h a may c6 he thong xiif li nude t h a i d a t tieu chuan Doi vdi nhOfng n h a may da thiTc h i e n tot cac b i e n phap bao ve moi trU6ng can duac khuyen k h i c h khen thudng, t a o dieu k i e n thuan Icfi de n h a n rong m o h i n h Cong viec xay difng cac he thong xuf li niTdc thai can c6 sU h o p tac c h a t che giOfa cac doanh nghiep va cac n h a k h o a hoc dong thdi c6 s\i ho tro ti^ p h i a n h a nudrc Viec bao ve moi trtfdng khong p h a i ciia rieng Hien cang c6 nhieu ngucfi q u a n t a m v a u n g ho boat d o n g nay, dac biet la nhufng ngU&i noi tieng CO suTc a n h hudng tdi cong chiing Di§n h i n h la nhutng h o a h a u sau k h i dang quang thirdng d a n h nhieu thcfi gian di khap n a i de t h a m gia vao cac boat dpng xa hoi, c6 bao ve moi trUdng Rieng ban t h a n chiing ta cung c a n c6 y thiJc viec bao ve moi trUctng tif nhiJng viec l a m n h o n h a t , tich ciTc t h a m gia vao cac to chuTc xa hgi de c6 cof hoi t h a m gia vao nhOfng chien dich Idtn Bat ki cong viec gi muon t h a n h cong cung can c6 t i n h t h a n doan ket bdi "mot ngoi ching sang dem, mot t h a n liic chin chang nen m u a mang" Nhct sijfc manh doan ket, ngufdi c6 t h e bien cai khong t h e t h a n h c6 thi Ngay thuf bay 28 thang n a m 2009, khoang thcri gian 8h30 den 9h30, nhieu t h a n h cua Viet Nam \k nhieu nU6c t r e n t h e gidri da cung thifc h i e n mot chi/cmg t r i n h 16n vdri ten goi "Gid Trai Dat" Trong vong mot tieng dong ho bat dau tiX t h a n h Sydney v6i kien true giong nhCCng canh buom Idn da chim bong toi Tat ca sic dung a n h nen lung linh t h a p sang thay cho a n h sang riTc r& cua den dien Chucfng trinh mdri b^t dau tii n a m 2005 v6i chi mot t h a n h n h a t thuc hien la Sydney thi den n a m 2009 da c6 tori h o n 200 t h a n h p h o t h a m gia c6 Thknh Ho Chi Minh, Ha Noi, Da NSng, Quang Nam cua Viet Nam M6i b6ng den t^t di chufng to t h e m mot ngifcfi t h a m gia vao cuoc chien bao ve moi trvftog vdi khau hieu day y nghia "tat den de bat tiTOng lai" Ngay cuoc s o n g hang ngay, m6i ngifcfi c a n c6 y thufc tiX nhufng vi^c lam n h o nha't Hay thiTcmg xuyen quet don n h a cufa, t h a m gia don sach dir&ng pho, biet t i e t k i e m dien nUdc va dac biet ban che suf d u n g tiii nilon Tiii nilon d i sii d u n g n h u n g k h i tiii nilon ton t a i moi triicJng d a t t h i no giam toe p h a n buy cac c h a t hCfu co, gay tac d o n g xa'u d e n su s i n h trudng cua dong thuc vat Tiii nilon viJt xuong ao h o se n g a n can s u t r a o doi c h a t ciia cdc dong v a t t h u y s i n h , neu chkng may cac d o n g v a t nuo't p h a i tiii nilon thi chiing d l dang bi chet Viec dot tiii nilon gay k h i dioxin rat doc h a i Hay giam lifcfng tieu t h u tiii nilon bang each giat s a c h v a tai sii dung chiing 265 M o i t r u d n g dang k e u cufu, n h i e m vu ciia moi cong dan la phai bao ve moi triTcfng Bao ve m o i t r u d n g cung c h i n h l a bao ve sure khoe va dcri song cua n h i i n g the' he h i e n t a i va tUcfng l a i L a t h a n h n i e n , nhCfng cong dan hieu biet, giau t a i n&ng va d a m n g h i , d a m l a m , chiing t a cang p h a i t i c h cifc t h a m gia vao cac hoat dong bao ve m o i trU6ng "Trdi ddt Id cua chung mlnh, qua bong xanh bay giUa trai xanli, bo cdu tieng chim gu thiiang men Idi ca t h a t t r o n g sang, t h a thig't biet bao C h i i n g t a h a y h a n h d o n g de cho t r a i dat m a i l a m o t h a n h t i n h x a n h , x i n h dep T h a n h n i e n k h i l a m bat cu" cong viec gi cung can xem xet xem chiing c6 anh hUorng den m o i triTcfng hay k h o n g , neu c6 hay k i e n quyet difng l a i Chiing ta p h a i xay diftig difctc nhufng h i n h thijfc san xuat ben vufng H a y noi gUcfng nhiing ngUcfi n o i t i e n g t i c h ciTc t h a m gia vao cdc hoat dong moi t r u d n g H a y phe phan to' cao nhuTng h a n h dong huy hoai m o i triTcJng dong thori trUc tiep t h a m gia va tuyen t r u y e n cho nhijmg ngUdi xung quanh cung thuc h i e n nhOTng cong viec giiip cai tao m o i t r i i d n g song B a n va t o i cung t a t ca the he t h a n h nien se la lUc liTOng n o n g cot t r o n g viec bao ve moi trUdng h i e n t a i va tucfng l a i ^^S: E m CO suy n g h i g i trxi6c h i $ n tifoTng: giUa mot vung s6i da can, cay hoa dai van moc len va nd nhiing chum hoa that kho dep BAI LAM 6ng ba t a thufcmg c6 cau: " T r d i s i n h voi, trc>i sinh c6" Cuoc ddi k h o n g tuyet difdng song cua a i bao gicf H i e n tUofng nhiftig cay hoa dai vfin moc len va nd nhCfng ch u m hoa t h a t dep giufa m o t vung kho ckn soi da, l a mo t h i e n tucfng b i n h t h u d n g , i t a i chii y, nhiTng l a i m a n g m ot y nghia v6 cung sau s^c ma chiing t a p h a i suy n g a m m d i thifc sU t h a u hieu T h i e n n h i e n p h o n g p h i i , k i l a v6 ciing, c6 loai cay t h i x u m xue tifcri tot t r e n nhOmg v u n g dat p h i n h i e u mau m d , nhUng c6 loai t h i mong m a n h , nho be, sd'ng nOi k h o can soi da nhxX nhiJng cay hoa dai k i a A y vay ma t a l a i thay t r e n nhCfng canh cay thie'u t h o n nguon song aiy l a nhOfng bong hoa rife r d dudi a n h m a t t r d i D i e u chiJng to chiing c6 m ot siirc song k i l a , dang k h a m phuc Tif h i n h a n h nhufng cay T r o n g xa h o i m u o n mau h o a d a i ay t a l i e n i i f d n g den cuoc s o n g ngifdi m u d n ve c u n g c6 r a t n h i e u ngifdi vdi n h i e u so p h a n k h a c n h a u T r o n g so' ay, c6 nhufng ngifdi r a t giong v d i n h i t o g cay h o a dai C u o c ddi k h o n g ifu cho ho cuoc s o n g dep tucfi, b i n h l a n g n h i f bao ngifdi k h a c Cuoc s o n g kh^c n g h i e t v d i ho n h i f t h i e n n h i e n khac nghiet vdi nhiJng cay k i a T h e n h i t o g t a t h a y ho da vifan l e n , ho da c h i e n t h a n g h o a n c a n h va cho ta chiem ngifdng t h a n h qua dep tifcfi nhif la n h i fn g bong h o a dai v S n d i e m to s^c mau cho t h i e n n h i e n , cuoc song H a y thuf chii y mk xem, hau het nhiifng bong hoa dai deu dep M o t ve dep r i e n g , t i n h khie't va b i n h d i 266 La phu nC ma t r i k h o n g phu cho mot ve dep du de c6 m o t m a n h t i n h duyen, me t o i da Id m o t t h d i gai, d a n h chap n h a n lay bo' t o i , m o t ngucfi da khong the l a m cho cuoc song gia d i n h h a n h phiic Ngifoc l a i , ong da pha phach den noi bao n h i e u t i e n cua me l a m r a deu t r o i r a song, r a b i e n Sau bao n a m chung song, biet k h o n g t h e t i e p tuc v d i h i e n t a i den to'i, me da r a d i v d i doi quang ganh, h a i dau l a h a i a n h em t o i T r o n g t a y ba da c h i n g cua cai g i Me da d i l e n tix h a i ban tay t r a n g Tuoi thcr h a i a n h em t o i l a nhOfng me t d i t o i m i t m d i ve vdri t i e n g loc coc cua chien n o n va vao g h i dong xe Bay gic>, cuoc song cua chiing t o i , nhcf c6 me da dd kho k h a n , v a t va M e l a ngiTdi ca ddi t o i va a n h t o i t o n thcJ B d i du cuoc dori c6 the' nao, c6 t a n n h i n v d i me, me vSn can d a m , k i e n cUdng nuoi chiing t o i a n hoc, I d n l e n V d i t o i , me l a bong hoa dep n h a t dii l a "hoa dai" Toi song t h i e u t i n h thifcfng cua bo nhiAig thifc sU t o i k h o n g cam t h a y t h i e u thon t i n h cam Co m o t I a n , t h a y chu n h i e m v i e t giay mcji hop p h u h u y n h , c6 le thay k h o n g biet nen da v i e t giay m d i bo t o i T h a y dau c6 b i e t , t u y bo t o i v i n ton t a i n h u n g t o i da k h o n g c6 bo tiX liic n a m t h a n g tuoi M a y diJa b a n t h a n so toi buon N h u n g k h o n g dau, t o i v i n biet t o i yeu dcfi l a m T o i chua bao gid cam thay t u t i k h i k h o n g c6 bo T o i k h o n g he b i luy k h i k h o n g c6 bo, t a m h o n t o i vSn dep v i c6 me, c6 m o i ngifcri Trong chuong t r i n h qua t a n g a m nhac p h a t t r e n song F M radio, t o i b ^ t gap t a m sir cua m o t a n h Idp 12 hay dai hoc gi A n h ay mac m o t can b e n h m a ngirdi t a noi l a v6 phucfng ciJu chufa, benh ung thir N h i f n g n h f l n g IcJi a n h ay n h i n n h i j l a nhOfng Icfi ciia m o t ngUdi yeu dcri, t r a n t r e nhifa song NhOfng l a i cua a n h ay l a nhCfng co gtfOng day a n chao me nau, l a nhCng ng^y a n h co' ctrcri de me cUcfi v d i giot nUdc m£t I a n t r e n go m d NhOfng l a i ciia a n h ay l a nhOfng chOfng to m o t b a n l l n h song, m o t n i e m t i n vdi cau em t r a i cua m i n h NhuTng ay l a nhOfng a n h ay "ncr" nhufng "bong hoa" dep de t r e n m a n h ddi qua d5i khae n g h i e t v d i m o t chang t h a n k nien dang tuoi t h a n h xuan Co mot ngudi ban hoan canh gio'ng t o i , k h o n g co bo' B a n ay hoc ciing Idp vdi toi hoi cap h a i Dang le r a , neu k h o n g gap hoan canh kho k h a n , ban cung c6 the la mot t h a n h vien cua Idp I I C t h a n yeu The nhutig bay gid ban dang la mot cong n h a n m a i t r o n g B i n h Duofng xa xoi Buon, n h d nha, ban ay viet t h u ve cho t o i Sau k h i hoi t i n h h i n h hoc tap ciia t o i , ban ay bao t h e m duoc ne'm mCii cua sU met nhoc k h i den trirdng n h u chiing t o i N h u i i g r o i ban ay l a i sUc t i n h giac mo difoc den trifdng cung ban be tnfdc cai hien thuc com, ao, gao, t i e n tnfdc mAt Ban ay bao p h a i giiip dd me, p h a i k i e m t i l n de ba dufa em l a i duoc d i hoc va song day dii hon ThUc sU, t o i k h o n g can dam difOc n h u ban ay, ngoai vi?c hoc h a n h t o i cung chua t h e l a m gi nhieu cho gia d i n h be nhd cua m i n h , chifa dd bdt d i phan nao kho nhoc cua me V d i t o i , ban ay l a mot ngudi dang k h a m phuc Ban ay l a mot bong hoa dep t r o n g nhieu nhufng bong hoa dai 267 Con r a t n h i e u , r a t n h i e u nhOfng bong hoa dai t r o n g cuoc song ma toi chua ke V a c6 the l a t o i chua biet N h u n g cac ban hay chu y p h a t h i e n Ban se la ngucri dugc chiem ngifSng ve dep ay, m o t ve dep m a cung can phai hpc t a p , p h a i n h i n n h a n de r a n l a i m i n h xem y c h i cua m i n h t r o n g cupc song da du de nor m o t bong hoa dep chUa? Song t r o n g thifc te v i n cd nhijfng cay hoa d a i l a i k h o n g t h e n d dUdc nhOfng bong hoa dep Do la nhiJng ngiTcd da k h o n g du y c h i , n g h i life de vUcft r a k h o i hoan canh, de vUcfn l e n H o I8i t a i so p h a n r o i b i luy va t a n h6o dan t r o n g cai b i luy ay H o k h o n g n h a n t h a y rkng xung quanh m i n h m o i thiJ vSn sinh soi, m o i ngifdi v a n song dep du hoan canh c6 k h o k h a n den may H a y thuf n h i n den nhuTng t e n ke cdp, nhuTng ke dau gau, d a m thue chem mifdn, t o i pham m a xem P h a n n h i e u nhCtag ke nhif the' t h u d n g c6 hoan canh kho k h a n , c6 the ho mo coi cha me, b i m o i nguTdi xa l a n h , cha me bo rcfi va dan d i den ch6 t h a hoa, b i e n chat Ta biet liic s i n h r a ho cung deu t h a n h t h i e n , h i e n l a n h Cung c6 the ho dang thucfng n h i e u h o n dang t r a c h , nhtftig neu ho c6 y c h i vUcfn l e n t r o n g cuoc song, biet hoc tap nhumg di§u diing dan t r o n g cuoc song t h i ho da k h o n g b i m o i ngufiri t r a n h xa, b i phap luat phu n h a n quyen cong dan N e u ngudi c6-y chi t h i viec gi cung c6 t h g l a m dUOc So phan ngi/di nkm t r o n g c h i n h ban tay cua ho H o a n canh song chi nhif la t i a n a n g m a t t r d i l a m khoe k h o a n t h e m m o t I a n da khoe m a n h va se l a m t o n thUcfng m o t Ian da yeu 6t Cung nhiT cay hoa d a i k i a , t h i e n n h i e n khac n g h i e t se chihig m i n h cho siifc song va ve dep t i e m t a n g ciia n6 Mpt quan ni^m ve giao due BAI LAM O bat cijf ncri dau, t r o n g bat k i hoan canh nao t h i v d i mot quoc gia, giao due luon la v a n de quan t r o n g , can dUOc quan t a m n h a t K h o n g p h a i tif n h i e n ma Chu t i c h H o C h i M i n h da t i f n g n h a n d i n h : "Vi I g i i c h t r a m n a m t r o n g ngUcfi", cung k h o n g p h a i sif t r i i n g hop hay lap l a i m o t each may moc, m a m5i n a m hoe CUT dg'n t o a n d a n d\Xa t r e den trUdng t h i t a t ea cac v i l a n h dao cua N h a nUdc t a deu den t h a m h o i , dong v i e n , chiic mtaig cac t h a y c6 giao va hoe sinh cr cac trU&ng hoe t r e n ca n\Sdc T a t ca nhOmg dieu ay da chiing m i n h t a m quan t r o n g cua gido due n h a trUdng doi v d i m o t ngirdi C h i n h v i t h e , t r o n g mot biifc thtr giii t h a y H i e u t r u d n g ngoi trUdng n a i eon t r a i m i n h theo hoc, Tong t h o n g M i A b r a h a m L i n c o l n (1809 - 1865) da v i e t : " K i n h gffi t h a y ! Xin hay day cho chau rkng c6 the bdn co b^p va t r i tu? eua m i n h cho ngifdi t r a gia cao n h a t , n h u n g k h o n g bao gi6 cho ph6p r a gia mua t r a i t i m va t a m h o n m i n h " 268 Day chinh la cau noi the hien quan niem vg giao due eiia ngucfi lanh dao to'i cao cua Hoa K i , no eho thay mot eaeh nhin, mot yeu eau khong phai ehi ciia mot tong thong doi vdi nganh giao due, ma c5n la sif mong doi cua mot ngUcfi cha, mot bac phu huynh doi vdi ngUdi thay giao due minh NhU chung ta da biet, giao due khong ehi eo trach nhiem dem lai kien thiJc, hieu biet cac linh viTc khoa hoc va ddi song cho hoc sinh ma quan trpng hem, giao due day cho mot diia tre each lam ngiTcJi, each doi nhan xtf the Trong bufc thu gvM ngUdi thay ciia minh, tong thong Lincoln cung da the hien quan niem do, quan niem ve cai cot loi giao due mot diJa tre - mot mam non eiia dat nifdc chinh la khong nhufng phai day eho dila tre ay t r i tue, sir khon ngoan ma hon het phai day chiing luon giuf ban linh va long tif trong, tarn hon va pham each cua minh Chi vdi mot cau noi ng^n gpn ay, ong da khai quat duac hai khia canh Idn viee giao due mot eon ngifW: la giao due tai nang va nhan each Bang Idi le trang va ehuan m\ic cua mot vi tong thong nhifng cung vdi giong dieu tran trong, thiet tha cua mot ngifdi cha mong moi dufa eon cua minh dUcfc hudng sif giao due tot nhat tii nha trudng, cau noi cua ong t r d mot k i m ehi nam ma nganh giao due Hoa K i noi rieng va the gidi noi chung dat lam tam eong cuoc "trong ngufdi" cua minh Bdi no mang ca nhOfng yeu cau cua dat nUde va sif mong doi, hi vong eiia tat ea phu huynh khong chi tren nude M l ma tren toan the gidi Tong thong Lincoln da viet: "Xin hay day cho chau rang c6 the ban ccf bap va t r i tue cua minh cho ngifdi tra gid cao nhat", dieu dong nghia vdi viec giao due cho hoc sinh sif thong minh va khon ngoan cuoc song Bdi "co bip va t r i tue" la nhufng kha n i n g von c6 va duoc trau doi tifng cua m5i ngifdi, chinh la siie lao dong Chinh "ccf bap va t r i tue" la thuf cua cai quan de m6i ngiTdi c6 the dung nuoi song ban than suot cuoc ddi Han the nufa, chinh tii sdc lao dong c6 ducJc ay se giiip ta cai thien dcri song, giup dd gia dinh, mang lai eho eon ngifdi khong chi com an ao mac, ma ca tien bac, vi the va hanh phiie Vi the ma "co bap va t r i tue" la nhiing t h d rat quy gia, mang tam anh hifdng Idn doi vdi ca ddi ngudi, cuoc ddi m8i ngirdi eo hanh phiie gi^u sang hay khong phu thuoc vao siJc khoe, tai nang va t r i thuTe cua nhiT the nao Vay nen, nha trUdng khong chi c6 chiifc nang dao tao nhumg ngifdi tai gidi, cung cap cho hoc sinh nhOfng kien thufc cao quy ma phai day cho hoc sinh k h i nho ve gia t r i eua sufc lao dong va sir quy gia ciia no, day cho dufa tre phai c6 mot each nhin nhan sang suo't va cai dau khon ngoan de nhan thay gia t r i thifc sir cua minh va t i m ngi/di tra gia tirong xiJng vdi gia t r i ay "Co b^p va t r i tue" giong nhir mot mon hang ma k h i diTa vao guong quay cua cuoc song, no se tuan theo nhOfng quy luat kinh te t h i trirdng khac nghiet, va k h i dda tre Idn khon, no phai hoc ddOc each tif danh gia gia t r i cua minh mot edch cao nhat v^ chi ban "mdn hang" quy gia ay cho nhiing tra gia xiirng dang nhat ma thoi 269 Tuy n h i e n , n g a i t o n g t h o n g cung n h a n m a n h m o t k h i a canh khac k h o n g k e m p h a n quan t r o n g , l a : " k h o n g bao gicJ cho phep r a gia mua t r a i t i m t a m h o n m i n h " M o t ngvfcri nao c6 the ban sufc lUc va t r i tue cua m i n h de lay n h i i n g gia t r i v a t chat cao quy n h a t , nhUng anh t a k h o n g the va k h o n g dUcfc phep " b a n " ca n h a n each, lUcfng tSm cua m i n h NhiT chiing t a da biet, dong t i e n l a m o t t h e l\ic v a n nang, no m a n g l a i cho ngUcfi t a n h i e u t h i i , tU v a t chat den t i n h t h a n , no giup cuoc song cang trcr nen t h o a i m a i , sung tiic hcfn, n h i m g c h i n h n6 cung gieo biet bao t a i Uctog cho nhieu gia d i n h von yen b i n h , h a n h phiic N e u ngUcfi t a k h o n g b i n h t i n h , ban l i n h de chong l a i nhflng cam phu p h i e m cua no, ho se b i sa lay, l i i n sau vao nhOmg vap vap, k h d sd, t h a m c h i cuo'i cung p h a i ban ca luong t a m va t a m h o n m i n h T r o n g cuoc song chay theo ca che t h i trUcfng nay, dong t i e n l a i cang c6 gia t r i cao hcfn, ngifcJi t a lao vao l a m viec, hoc tap k h o n g ngifng de n a n g cao tay nghe, t r i n h v a cung de t i m m o t miirc t h u nhap cang cao cang to't, bdi d i dau, l a m ^ deu can t i e n , t i e n tror t h a n h dieu k i e n t h i e t yeu va can ban de ngiidi t o n t a i duac t r e n cuoc dcfi NhOtog gia t r i t i n h t h i n cang m a t dan, nhufng gid t r i thifc dung t h i cang gia t a n g , I a n at t r o n g xa h o i V a the l a ngUcfi t a b i le thuoc vao nhiJng cua cai v a t chat ay, de r o i m o t liic nao p h a i ban ca l i n h h o n cho quy duT V i t i e n mk ngUcfi t a p h a m t o i , tU nhOtog t o i ac tudng nhif v a t v a n h n h a t cho den n g h i e m t r o n g n h a t V i t i e n ma nhOtog can bo le r a phai l a m guang, giiip d5 n h a n dan l a i t h a m n h u n g , sach n h i l u dan l a n h Nhutog vu t h a m n h u n g h a n g t i U S D , nhutog vu t r o m cUdfp d i n t i giet h a i ngUcfi v6 t o i , t a t ca c h i v i sU h e n yeu va t h i e u ban l i n h cua nhOtog ke p h a m t o i C h i n h v i nhiJtog dieu do, m a t r a c h n h i e m cua giao due l a p h a i day hoc s i n h t i f tuoi au t h a b i e t duoc r a n g cai quan t r o n g n h a t , c6 gia t r i n h a t t r o n g mQi ngudi la l o n g t\X t r o n g , l a p h a m each t r o n g sang cua m i n h K h i t a t ca nhutog cua cai v a t chat k i a b i e n m a t , cai nhatcon gid t r i t o n t a i t r e n m o t ngUcJi c h i n h l a tiX each ciia a n h t a P h a i day cho t r e biet r a n g ne'u v i mot Icfi ich nao m a b a n d i lUcfng t a m , sif t r o n g sach cua m i n h t h i se den mot liic, k h i c6 t a t ca m o i thuf t h i c h i n h cai lUctog t a m ay cung k h o n g d5 c h i n h m i n h dUOc t h a n h t h a n Cai gia p h a i t r a cho CUQC mua ban ay l a sU k i t h i , k h i n h thucfng cua t a t ca m o i ngifdi, siT xa l a n h cua gia d i n h , ngifdi t h a n , be ban, va n h a t l a noi d i n v a t an h a n triXdc toa an lifcfng t a m t r o n g suot cuoc ddi N o i each khac, k h o n g chi T o n g t h o n g L i n c o l n m ^ t a t ca cac bac phu h u y n h , nhOtog ngUcfi l a m cha 1km me t r e n t h e g i d i n a y deu k h o n g bao gicr muon m i n h t r d t h a n h kn mat het luong t a m , n h i n t a m h a m h a i ngJcfi khac chi de l a y v a i lai ich cho r i e n g m i n h T o i da t i m g n h i n t h a y m o t ngU&i me gia 6m ye'u chay theo chiec xe t i i chd duTa p h a m t o i t r o n g vu t r o n g an N a m Cam r a phap trUcfng I-an tay ngUdi me gay yeu bao n a m t a n tao nuoi k h o n Idn t h a n h ngUdi gid dang vifcfn r a n h u m u o n n i u keo chut sU song mong m a n h ciia dufa l a m I i , niidc m i t chay d a i t r e n g6 m a n h a n nheo giOfa trijfa n i n g chay Dufa ay gicf m d i 270 thiiy n5i an h a n mugn m a n g , n h i n bong me ma keu l e n t h a n h t i e n g nac ngao: "Me di " Ro r a n g ngUcfi me ay, t r o n g suot qua t r i n h n u o i day cua minh, k h o n g bao gicf m o n g dcfi den m o t dura aiy se p h a m t o i v a p h a i tra gia n h u the', bdri c h i n h ba cung luon t a m n i e m : " T o i nuoi t o i nhtfng chua bao gicf t o i day no d i an cUdp, giet ngUcfi de l a m giau, doi cho sach, rach cho tham " Tiec l a xa h o i phuTc tap, t h e luc cua dong t i e n luon l a ccfn loc xoay cu5'n di nhiJng t a m hon m e m yeu, d i sa nga, v i t h e m a no da lay d i duTa trai cua ba, tii day p h a i l i a xa vong tay ba m a i m a i Do chi l a m o t t r o n g nhOfng trifcfng hop ngiTori v i mot p h i i t yeu long ma ban l i n h h o n , l o n g t u t r o n g cua minh cho "quy dOf" Con nhGng bai hoc dau xot nhuf vu viec doi t u y e n U23 Vi|t N a m ban or S E A G A M E S t r o n g c6 nhOfng cau t h u n o i t i e n g n h u V Q , QV, Tat ca ho k h i p h a m t o i deu k h o n g bao gi6 n g h i se c6 m o t ngky m i n h gay hau qua n g h i e m t r o n g n h u the B d i tiT k h i nho, ho k h o n g difcJc ngUdi t a quan t a m giao due r a n g ben canh viec da bong the nao p h a i biet g i i i g i n lifcfng t a m nghe nghiep, giC g i n d a n h d u , mau cb sac ao cua quoc gia r a sao? Ho khong biet dUcfc r k n g ngoai vi^c d i hoc de lay bang cap, l a m viec cho n h ^ niTdc phai giOf cai t a m t r o n g sang cua ngixcfi D a n g v i e n , ngucfi can bo n h a nUdc n h u the nao? Vay nen, giao due phai luon d i dau t r o n g viec giao due nhan each m i ngifdi, p h a i day cho ho each diJng viifng va chong l a i nhiJng cam d6 cuoe song, day cho ho gia t r i cua long tii t r o n g , de giC duac t r a i t i m va t a m hon t r o n g sang cua m i n h , b k n g each neu l e n n h i t o g t a m guong v l nhCng ngxXbi luon giuf m i n h t r o n g sang n h u Mac D l n h C h i , To Hien Thanh, t h d i xifa hay n h f l n g can bo cong an, nhOfng v i l a n h dao sang suot cong binh t r o n g thcfi dai CSu n6i cua T o n g t h o n g L i n c o l n cung 1^ m o t b a i hoc cho ca t o a n nganh giao due V i e t N a m l i n hoc s i n h ehiing ta Tir cau noi do, m i ngir6i ehung t a se luon CO mot d i n h hirdng cho ban t h a n m i n h de co' gang vUCn l e n , dat dUOc nhOfng gia t r i cao n h a t , luon co y thOfc giuf ^ n p h a m each cua m i n h t r o n g xa hoi day cam d6 n h u h i e n Mot n a m hoc mdi l a i den, nganh gido due l a i sap co nhCftig chang dudng m