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A. INDIRECT SPEECH I. Statements in reported speech 1. Using reporting verbs “say” hoặc “tell”: say to sb (that), say (that), tell sb (that) 2. Pronoun and possessive adjectives changes Ex: Bill said, “I’m having a party at my flat.” Bill said (that) he was having a party at his flat. Direct speech Reported speech my It’s my turn. hisher Mary pointed out that it was his turn. thisthat + noun I bought this fishing rod yesterday. thethat Linda said she’d bought thatthe fishing rod the day before. Thisthat + verb This is a great game itthat Tony said it was a great game. thesethose + noun Look at these baseball gloves thethose Peter told us to look at the baseball gloves. thesethose + verb These are the best baseball glovers I’ve ever seen. they She said they were the best baseball glovers she’d ever seen. verb + thesethose I’ve had these for years them She said she’s had them for years. Note: Ex: I said “ I like my new house” I said (that) I liked my new house. 3. Tenses changes Direct speech Reported speech Present simple + Tom said “I never eat meat.” Past simple + Tom said that he never ate meat Present progressive + He said “I’m waiting for Ann.” Past progressive + He said he was waiting for Ann. Present perfect + She said “I’ve seen that film.” Past perfect + She said that she had seen that film. Present perfect progressive + Andrew said “I’ve been learning Chinese for 4 years.” Past perfect progressive + Andrew said he had been learning Chinese for 4 years. Past simple + They said “We came by car.” Past simple past perfect + They said that they had comecame by car. Past progressive + He said “I was sitting in the park at 8 o’clock” Past progressivePast perfect progressive + He said that he was sittinghad been sitting in the part at 8 o’clock. Future simple + Judy said “I’ll phone you.” Future in the past + Judy said she would phone me. Future progressive + He said “I’ll be playing golf at three o’clock tomorrow.” Future progressive in the past + He said that he would be playing golf at three o’clock tomorrow. Modal verbs Can + She said , “You can sit here.” May + Mary said, “I may go to London again.’ Must + He said, “I must finish this report.” Could + She said that you could sit here. Might + Mary said that she might go to London again. Musthad to + He said that he had tomust finish this report. 4. Time and place changes. 1. This That 2. These Those 3. This (morning, afternoon, night) that (morning, afternoon, night) 4. Today That day 5. Tonight That night 6. Here There 7. Now Then 8. Last week (month) The previous week (month) 9. Next week (month) The following week (month) 10. Yesterday The day before The previous day 11. Yesterday (morning, afternoon, night) The previous (morning, afternoon, night) 12. The day before yesterday Two days ago Two days before 20. Tomorrow The following day The next day 21. Tomorrow (morning, afternoon, night) the following morning (afternoon, night) 22. The day after tomorrow in two days’ time two days later 23. At the moment = At this moment At that moment. Ex: He said, “I am taking my driving test tomorrow.” He said that he was taking his driving test the following day. II. Questions in reported speech.
Reported speech INDIRECT SPEECH – PRACTICE TEST No A INDIRECT SPEECH I Statements in reported speech Using reporting verbs “say” “tell”: say to sb (that), say (that), tell sb (that) Pronoun and possessive adjectives changes Ex: Bill said, “I’m having a party at my flat.” Bill said (that) he was having a party at his flat Direct speech Reported speech my this/that + noun It’s my turn I bought this fishing rod yesterday his/her the/that This/that + verb these/those + noun these/those + verb This is a great game! Look at these baseball gloves! These are the best baseball glovers I’ve ever seen I’ve had these for years it/that the/those they verb + these/those them Mary pointed out that it was his turn Linda said she’d bought that/the fishing rod the day before Tony said it was a great game Peter told us to look at the baseball gloves She said they were the best baseball glovers she’d ever seen She said she’s had them for years Note: Ex: I said “ I like my new house” I said (that) I liked my new house Tenses changes Direct speech Reported speech - Present simple + Tom said “I never eat meat.” - Present progressive + He said “I’m waiting for Ann.” - Present perfect + She said “I’ve seen that film.” - Present perfect progressive + Andrew said “I’ve been learning Chinese for years.” - Past simple + Tom said that he never ate meat - Past progressive + He said he was waiting for Ann - Past perfect + She said that she had seen that film - Past perfect progressive + Andrew said he had been learning Chinese for years - Past simple + They said “We came by car.” - Past progressive + He said “I was sitting in the park at o’clock” - Past simple/ past perfect + They said that they had come/came by car - Past progressive/Past perfect progressive + He said that he was sitting/had been sitting in the part at o’clock - Future in the past + Judy said she would phone me - Future progressive in the past + He said that he would be playing golf at three o’clock tomorrow - Future simple + Judy said “I’ll phone you.” - Future progressive + He said “I’ll be playing golf at three o’clock tomorrow.” Modal verbs - Can - Could + She said , “You can sit here.” + She said that you could sit here - May - Might + Mary said, “I may go to London again.’ + Mary said that she might go to London again - Must - Must/had to + He said, “I must finish this report.” + He said that he had to/must finish this report Time and place changes This That 11 Yesterday (morning, afternoon, night) The These Those previous (morning, afternoon, This (morning, afternoon, night) that (morning, night) afternoon, night) 12 The day before yesterday Two days ago Today That day Two days before Tonight That night 20 Tomorrow The following day Here There The next day Now Then 21 Tomorrow (morning, afternoon, night) the Last week (month) The previous week (month) following morning (afternoon, night) Next week (month) The following week 22 The day after tomorrow in two days’ time (month) two days later High School for Gifted Students - HNUE Reported speech The day before 23 At the moment = At this moment At that moment The previous day Ex: - He said, “I am taking my driving test tomorrow.” He said that he was taking his driving test the following day II Questions in reported speech a Yes – No question 10 Yesterday S1 + asked + (O) + if/whether + S2 + V Ex: - He said, “can you speak any foreign languages?” He asked me if/whether I could speak any foreign languages - Mary said, “Have you got a driving license?’ Mary asked me if/whether I had got a driving license b Wh – questions Ex: S1 + asked + (O) + What/ When/… + S2 + V - He said, “What time does the film begin?” He wanted to know what time the film began - The police officer said to us, “Where are you going?” The police officer asked us where we were going III The tenses not change in Reported Speech when: The reporting verbs (said, told, etc) is in the Present, Future or Present perfect tense - Peter says, ‘I’m tired.” Peter says that he is tired - “The station is far from here,” he says.He says the station is far from here The speaker expresses general truths, permanent states and conditions - The teacher said, “The earth moves round the Sun.” The teacher said that the Earth moves round the Sun The Direct speech includes these following modals: “could, would, should, might, ought to, used to, had better.” - Tom said, “You shouldn’t contact her Tom said that I shouldn’t contact her + “Must” can be either remained the same or changed into “had to” If the reported sentence deals with unreal past, conditionals type 2/type or wishes, the tenses remain the same - “It’s time we went,” he said He said it was time they went - “If I were you, I would apologize,” he said He said that if he were me, he would apologize IV Other reported speech Introductory verb Direct speech Reported speech agree + to v “Yes, I’ll it again.” He agreed to it again demand “Tell me the truth.” He demanded to be told the truth offer “Would you like me to drive you home?” He offered to drive me home promise “I will pay you on Friday.” He promised to pay me on Friday refuse “No, I won’t tell you her secret.” He refused to tell me her secret He threatened to punish me if I didn’t keep quiet threaten “Keep quiet or I’ll punish you.” claim “I witnessed the crime.” He claimed to have witness the crime advise + sb + to V allow ask command encourage forbid instruct invite order permit remind urge warn want “You should talk about your problem.” “You can use my phone.” “Please, close the door.” “Move to your right.” “Go ahead, say what you think.” “You mustn’t come home after eleven.” “Mix the eggs with the flour.” “I’d like you to come to my party.” “Don’t leave you room again “You may speak to the judge.” “Don’t forget to turn the lights off.” “Try to have sympathy for the family.” “Don’t touch the wire with wet hands.” “I’d like you to be kind.” High School for Gifted Students - HNUE He advised me to talk about my problem He allowed me to use his phone He asked me to close the door He commanded me to move to my right He encouraged me to say what I thought He forbade us to come home after eleven He instructed me to mix the eggs with the flour He invited me (to go) to his party He ordered me not to leave my room again He permitted/allowed me to speak to the judge He reminded me to turn the lights off He urged me to try to have sympathy for the family He warned me not to touch the wire with wet hands He wanted me to be kind Reported speech beg “Please, please don’t hit the dog.” He begged me not to hit the dog accuse sb of + Ving apologize (to sb) for admit (to) boast about complain to sb about deny insist on suggest “You acted as if you were guilty.” “I’m sorry I hurt you.” “Yes, I was wrong.” “I’m the fastest runner of all.” “You always argue.” “No, I didn’t eat your cake.” “You must wear that blouse.” “Let’s order a pizza.” He accused me of acting as if I were guilty He apologized for hurting me He admitted (to) being wrong He boasted about being the fastest runner of all He complained to me about my arguing He denied eating/having eaten my cake He insisted on my wearing that blouse He suggested ordering a pizza agree + that + clause claim complain deny exclaim explain inform sb promise suggest explain to sb + how “Yes, she’s very kind” “I saw the accident.” “You never ask my opinion.” “I have never met her!” “It’ a tragedy!” “It’s a complicated problem.” “Your request is being reviewed.” “I won’t be late.” “You ought to give her a call.” “That’s how I succeeded.” He agreed that she was very kind He claimed that he had seen the accident He complained that I never asked his opinion He denied that he had ever met her He exclaimed that it was a tragedy He explained that it was a complicated problem wonder + where/what/why/how + clause (when the subject of the introductory verb is not the same as the subject of in the indirect question.) He asked himself, “How old is she?” He asked himself, “Where are my keys?” He asked himself, “Why is she so cold?” He asked himself, “What is the right answer?” He wondered how old she was He wondered where his keys were He wondered why she was so cold He wondered what the right answer was wonder + whether + to V or clause wonder + where/what/how + to V (when the subject of the infinitive is the same as the subject of the verb) He asked himself, “Shall I invite them?” He wondered whether to invite them He wondered whether he should invite them He wondered where to go He wondered what to read first He wondered how to tell her He asked himself, “Where shall I go?” He asked himself, “What shall I read first?” He asked himself, “How shall I tell her?” Exercise Choose the correct answer 1, ‘I’m a big ban of U2,” Derek said Derek said he a big fan of U2 A was B has been “We’re watching TV,” said the twins The twins said they TV A watched B were watching “You’ve been annoying me all day!” my mum said My mum said I her all day A annoyed B was annoying “The dog ate my homework!” said Ivan Ivan said the dog his homework A was eating B had eaten “At one o’clock, I was having lunch,” said Molly Molly said she lunch at one o’clock A had been having B has had “You’ll get wet without an umbrella,” Dad said High School for Gifted Students - HNUE He informed me that my request was being reviewed He promised that he wouldn’t be late He suggested that I give her a call He explained to me how he had succeeded C had been C had watched C had been annoying C has eaten C is having Reported speech Dad said I wet without an umbrella A will be getting B got “He can juggle five balls!” said Angie Angie said he five balls A juggled B would juggle “You must give me your essays,” Mrs Vine said Mrs Vine said we give her our essays A were having to B had to Exercise Complete using the words and phrases in the boxes his their them there before that night C would get C could juggle C would have to the day before the next day “I’m seeing Simon tomorrow,” Mary said Mary said she was seeing Simon “We moved into the area two years ago,” Bella said Bella said they had moved into the area two years “Our teacher is giving us a test!” said Michelle Michelle said their teacher was giving a test “My dad gave me fifty pounds!” said Neil Neil said dad had given him fifty pounds “I scored a great goal yesterday,” Marina said Marina said she had scored a great goal “We saw our cousin at the fair,” said Ben Ben said they had seen cousin at the fair “I left my wallet here,” Frank said Frank said he had left his wallet , “I’ll sleep well tonight!” said Arnie Arnie said he would sleep well Exercise Underline the mistake in each second sentence and write the correct words “There’s a mouse in the kitchen!” said Martha Martha said there had been a mouse in the kitchen “We’ve won every match this year,” Army said Army said they won every match that year “I broke my leg two weeks ago,” said Spencer Spencer said he had broken his leg two weeks ago “We’d heard the song before,” Rory said Rory said he had heard the song before “I’ve been working since four o’clock,” said Dad Dad said he was working since four o’clock “We’re spending tomorrow by the swimming pool,” Belinda said Belinda said they have spent the next day by the swimming pool Exercise Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence Write between two and five words 1.”I’m going to bake a cake,” said Mum (she) →Mum said to bake a cake “Richard has passed his driving test,” Andy said (passed) →Andy said his driving test “We’re staying in tonight to watch TV,” Jim said (that) →Jim said they to watch TV “I’m thinking of going on a diet,” said George (he) →George said of going on a diet “My sister lived in Russia for a year,” Carol said (lived) →Carol said in Russia for a year “I went snowboarding last year,” Jill said (year) →Jill said she before High School for Gifted Students - HNUE Reported speech “I’ll call you tomorrow,” Karl said to me (next) →Karl said he day “We’re flying home next week,” said Arthur (the) →Arthur said they week Exercise Rewrite the sentences in reported speech using the verb given “I’m sorry I told everyone your secret,” my sister said (apologized) → “I didn’t give the money to John,” said Ali (denied) → “I’ll love you forever!” Francis said to Elizabeth (promised) → “No, I won’t open the door!” said Mandy (refused) → “Why don’t we give Jenny a call?” Albert said (suggested) → Exercise Circle the correct answer “Has your brother gone out?” Mum asked me Mum asked me if my brother has gone/had gone out “Do you know the answer?” Miss Smith asked Ruby Miss Smith asked Ruby if she knew/had known the answer “Is this your car?” the police officer said to the man The police officer asked the man if it is/was his car “Have you been to see the exhibition?” I asked Benjamin I asked Benjamin if he went/had been to see the exhibition “Does your laptop need a new battery?” Jerry asked me Jerry asked me if my laptop needed/will need a new battery “Are you having a barbecue?” I asked the Browns I asked the Browns if they were having/had been having a barbecue Exercise Write one word in each gap “Will you be at the party?” Richard asked me Richard asked me if I be at the party “May I ask you a few questions?” the woman asked Ted The woman asked Ted if she ask him a few questions “Can we go to the zoo tomorrow?” Jane asked her father Jane asked her father if they go to the zoo the following day “Shall I study maths or English?” Sally asked her best friend Sally asked her best friend whether she study maths or English “Can you write with your left hand?” Val asked me Val asked me whether I write with my left hand “Shall we play tennis or volleyball?” Debbie asked her sister Debbie asked her sister if they play tennis or volleyball “May I leave the table?” Samantha asked her parents Samantha asked her parents if she leave the table “Will our bus leave on time?” Mum asked the driver Mum asked the driver whether our bus leave on time Exercise Compete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence Write between two and five words “When did your brother join the army?” Rudy asked me →Rudy asked me the army “How was your trip to Turkey?” I asked Katherine → I asked Katherine how been “How will we find your keys in the dark?” Ashley asked Susie →Ashley asked Susie keys in the dark “Why was Rob on TV?” Densie asked me High School for Gifted Students - HNUE Reported speech →Densie asked me on TV “Who saw you at the park?” the police officer asked me →The police officer asked me at the park “Who did you see at the park?” the police officer asked me →The police officer asked me at the park Exercise Choose the correct answer “Could you pass me the salt, please?” I asked the man next to me I asked the man next to me me the salt A pass B if he passes C to pass “Would you mind waiting a moment?” the shop assistant asked the woman The shop assistant asked the woman for a moment A to wait B waiting C she wait “Please don’t leave your dirty football boots in the hall,” Mum said to Doug Mum told Doug his dirty football boots in the hall A that he doesn’t leave B not to leave C don’t leave “Could you tell us where you were at six o’clock?” the police officers asked Barry The police officers asked Barry he had been at six o’clock A telling them where B where he tells them C to tell them where “Could I have your e-mail address?” I asked Mariella I asked Mariella email address A to give me her B give me your C give me her “Can I have a new Xbox for my birthday?” I asked my mum I asked my mum a new Xbox A that she get me B get me C to get me Exercise 10 If the word or phrase in bold is correct, put a tick (√) If it I wrong, write the correct word or phrase I asked Toni why had she taken my CD without asking me Roger told Isabelle don’t make any plans for the weekend Madison asked me how much my new jeans had cost Alexander asked his dad giving him some money for his school trip I told Jeremy you don’t move while I took his photograph Annie told her dog to sit, but it didn’t Exercise 11 Complete by changing the form of the word when this is necessary She must have a lot of (imagine) to think of ideas like that I love the way they’ve designed this cup without a (hand) Kevin said he loved classical music and his favorite (compose) was Mozart When you look at his notebooks, you can see that Leonardo Da Vinci was really (intelligent) Todd is really (art) He loves painting, playing music and writing poetry Would it be safer if all houses had windows made out of (break) glass? It took a lot of (prepare) to get the show right, but it was worth it Mum asked if I wanted to go to the Dali (exhibit) and I said yes You might create something that’s wonderful, but remember that it’s impossible to achieve (perfect) 10 Our art teacher gives us a lot of (free) to paint what we want to Exercise 12 Circle the correct word Tina is only two, so I was amazed by/with the picture she drew Picasso has been a huge influence in/on me as a painter Writing poetry is similar to/with writing a song in some ways Look at this wonderful still life- it’s a picture from/of fruit in a bowl I like Stephen King’s books, but I was a bit disappointed from/with his last one There’s a lot involved in/on writing a symphony It takes a lot of hard work Derek asked if I was familiar on/with an artist called Titian and I said yes Exercise 13 Complete using a form of the verbs from the box Add any other words you need High School for Gifted Students - HNUE Reported speech change describe explain remind remove We need to the old wallpaper the walls before we put the new one up Could you how you make concrete me? I would this style of painting quite modern This piece of music always me long summer evenings My drawing of a horse went a bit wrong so I it a camel! Exercise 14.Match to make sentences She described the picture she was painting a in designing buildings My sister’s an architect, so she’s involved b to Martin, but he didn’t understand I like Picasso’s paintings, but I’m not familiar c from the exhibition because it was damaged I tried to explain how to use oil paints d from a winter scene into a spring scene They had to remove one of the paintings e of a horse and it was brilliant Vincent Van Gogh has had an influence f on many other painters Darren drew a picture g as modern, but it looked quite old-fashioned to me Adding flowers to my picture changed it h with his sculptures Exercise 15 Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence Write between two and five words “I want to learn how to paint,” Janet said (said) →Janet to learn how to paint “We’re building a house outside town,” said Mrs Turner (they) → Mrs Turner a house outside town “We’re working on our website tomorrow,” Keith said (day) →Keith said they were working on their website “Will you draw me a picture?” Jenny asked (draw) →Jenny asked a picture “We have to paint a picture for art class,” John said (they) →John to paint a picture for art class “Can I see your drawing?” I asked Army (if) →I asked Army see her drawing “You’ll enjoy the show,” Belinda said to me (I) →Belinda said the show “Please don’t take my photograph,” Hans said (take) → Hans asked me photograph Exercise 16 Choose the correct answer I asked her when finish making her model A will she B she will C would she D she would Don said he had an art lesson night A that B the C this D those My mum told my paints A that I move B me to move C to move to me D to move me Tom apologized ink on my picture A for getting B that he got C to get D for he gets Molly denied my camera A to lose B for losing C losing D on losing Gary promised me paint the outside of the house A helping B to help C that he helps D for helping My brother refused me use his digital camera A to let B that he let C letting D for letting I suggest a new architect who will understand what you want A to find B you to find C for finding D finding Just put the statue the corner of the room for now A on B in C at D over 10 Do these shoes my new skirt? A suit B go C match D look High School for Gifted Students - HNUE Reported speech 11 Don’t get that color – green went out fashion last year! A from B of C with D on 12 This shirt is too around the neck I can’t breathe! A tight B smooth C rough D practical 13 The gallery was too big to see it all in one day, so we out the modern paintings A put B left C went D made 14 Why don’t you your clothes in half before you put them in the drawer? A fix B stretch C create D fold 15 My new shirt has a like a Chinese dragon on the back A tear B pile C design D cotton 16 I filled the bucket with water A out B on C in D up Exercise 17 Complete using the correct form of the verb in brackets Stewart said he (not/want) any dessert as he was full Derek said that he and Belinda (see) Adam recently When I called, Susie said she (give) the dog a bath so she asked me to phone back in half an hour Marcus said he (try) to find a flat for ages before he finally found one he liked Debbie says she (decide) to quit her job but I don’t believe her Our English teacher said that Shakespeare (be) probably the greatest writer in the English language ever Richard said he and Patricia (be going to) invite her parents for the weekend, but I don’t know if they went or not Charlotte said last night that she really (love) me, even if she doesn’t always show it Ollie said to Linda that he (ask) me to be his best man on Monday but in fact he asked Grant 10 Pete told Francis he (bring up) by his grandparents but in fact he hadn’t at all Exercise 18 If a word or phrase in bold is correct, put a tick (√) If it is incorrect, rewrite it correctly On Monday, my boss said I can take Wednesday off, but he changed his mind today for some reason The receptionist said that if I wanted to have breakfast, I will have to pay extra A lot of people at school have said that Andrew may get the lead in the school play Colin said he’d been planning to ask Rich to move in with him for ages Lucy says she would let us know as soon as she gets the tickets Jordan said that she has to get up at five thirty every morning Before he got his results, Philip said that he may have to retake some exams, but now he knows he doesn’t have to Did Mrs Morgan say why she’d called? Paul said he should be here tomorrow night at about nine 10 Dan said he must drive to Liverpool that night, but apparently he didn’t go in the end Exercise 19 Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence Write between two and five words “We’ll be traveling round Europe next month,” said Jerry (following) →Jerry said that be traveling round Europe “I had Evan and Christie over for dinner last night,” said Liz (before) →Liz said that had Evan and Christie over for dinner “Daz came here two days ago and then suddenly left,” said Barry (gone) → Barry said that Daz had and then suddenly left “We’re going on our yearly diet tomorrow,” said Jessie and Sandy together (starting) →Jessie and Sandy said together that yearly diet the next day “I can pick you two boys up from school this afternoon,” said their father to George and Kevin (that) →George and Kevin’s father told his sons up from school that afternoon “I’ll buy these as they’re so cheap!” said Toby (going) →Toby said he as they were so cheap “You must study harder, Dave,” said Dave’s mum (him) High School for Gifted Students - HNUE Reported speech →Dave’s mum study harder “ I think you may be coming down with flu,” Greg said to me (thought) → Greg said that be coming down with flu “I don’t know why they haven’t contacted me recently,” said Tine (been) →Tine said she didn’t know why recently “Everything was different yesterday,” said Ben (been) →Ben said everything before Exercise 20 Rewrite a reported question, beginning with the words given “Have you had your ear pierced?” → My mum asked me if “Can I meet you there at six o’clock tonight, Doug?” →Julian wanted to know whether “Are you still moving to Blackpool next week?” →Fiona asked Rob and Jenny whether “Does Graham have to wear a suit to work?” →I asked Mrs Daley if Graham “Do you want someone to feed your cat while you’re away?” →Jan asked me if “Can you guess what I’ve given Lindsay for her birthday?” →Daisy asked Wendy if “Do you love me or not, Gloria?” →Fred asked Gloria whether “Will Simon be coming to the party tomorrow night.” →Adrian wondered whether “Tell me if you were anywhere near 34 Aylesford Street last night!” →The police officer demanded to know whether Sykes Exercise 21 Complete using the correct form of the words in the box agree apologiz ask claim deny order refuse state suggest tell e If you want me a question, put your hand up I very clearly several times already that this government is not going to be blackmailed by terrorists The general the soldiers to retreat, which they did as quickly as they could! Isabelle, that story about the giraffe I love that story! Glenda still to me for losing my CD player If you to cooperate with the police, you would have been in big trouble! I’d like waiting a few more days before we make a final decision The politician having done anything wrong, despite the evidence against him I to help you with your homework, not it all for you! 10 Some thieves to be electricity meter readers so they can gain access to people’s houses High School for Gifted Students - HNUE