Hf^N OUOC V6l OUn TftlNH CHU DONG TIAA KICM CO Hdi THflM Gin CUOC CHlfN TRDNH CUR MV VICT NDM h t THI Q U V N H N G A ' V l n bi khoac trdn minh cdi tdn "lfnh danh thud" eudc chien tranh ciia My d Viet Nara, Hdn Qud'c cd thUc sU Id thupc vdo My vd ddn thudn ehi de tra dn My vd tim kid'm lpi ich kinh td' tfl My? Tai lfnh Han lai chid'n dd'u kha dde ldp trdn chid'n trfldng, cd nhilu hdnh ddng tdn sat n^ng ne vfi dU(?c luu truyin Vidt Nam vdi ten gpi rd't rieng "Unh Park Chung Hee"? Trong so nflde giJti qudn sang tham chie'n d Vipt Nam (1), Hdn Qud'c Id nude gfli quan so ddng nhd't, tac chie'n quye't lipt nhd't, gay nhieu vu tham sat nha't, d lpi Vipt Nara ldu nhd't, chdra rut ve nhd't (2) Cd phai Han Quoc dd hinh thdnh tham vpng de qudc thara gia vdo eude ehid'n tranh Viet Nam? Bdi vid't ndy sd di tim ldi giai dap cho cdc eau hdi ndu trdn Sdm h i n h t h a n h y d i n h va lien t u c t h u c d a y cd h o i t h a m c h i e n Khdng phai de' qud'c My dem quan sang Vipt Nam, Han Quoc mdi hinh J dinh thara chid'n Md tfl rat sdra, tfl ngudi My nung nd'u y chid'm linh Ddng DUdng, Hdn Quoe da tinh dd'n cd hdi ndy D i u nhflng ndm 1950, Ting thong Hdn Quoe I Sung Man (Ly Thfla Van) dd danh tieng ddcfc tham gia eflng vdi My d Ddng DUdng Trong nhflng ndm 1950, Hdn Qud'c ' TS TrUdng Dpi hpc KHXH&NV - DHQGHN la qud'c gia nhdn nhilu vidn trd nhd't tfl My Nhung tfl My thUc hien sdch lUpc giam quan sU tai Trilu Tidn (tfl 327.000 quan sau chid'n tranh xuing edn 70.000 quan vdo cudi nhflng nam 1950), edt giam vipn trd (Hdn Qud'c chi nh^n dupc 2/3 sd' vien trd so vdi trflde day), ddi giam sd' quan Han Qud'c dd bdt chi phf, thi Hdn Qudc xem vipc gfli quan sang Viet Nam Id ke saeh de b u ^ My van tri nguon vien trp beo bd dd Dd'n nhflng ndm 1960, Tong thong Park Chung Hee (Pdc Chung Hy) cung da nhilu l i n de cap vide g i i quan dpi Han Qud'c sang miln Nam Vidt Nam vdi cdc quan ehfle eua My Muc dfch eua Park Chung Hee Id hda nhip vdi My vd sdm trd chid'n si chong cdng tidn phong d khu vUc chdu A, vfla Id tranh thu nhflng quyin ldi kinh td' vd qudn sfl md Hdn Qud'e dang muin voi vinh chu Sam (My) (3) Mpt mdt tranh thu My, nhflng mdt khac Hdn Qud'c cung tim mpi each rad radi quan he than thie't vdi ehfnh quyin Viet Nam Cdng hda Viec Hdn Quoe trd nude dau tidn khu vUc chau A thie't lap mdi quan he vdi chfnh phu Vidt Nam Cdng hda ndra 1955 vd tri trao ddi qudn sU dfldc eoi nhfl nhflng bfldc tid'n quan trpng eho quyd't tdm chu ddng tham gia vao eude 62 ehid'n tranh Vidt Nam Nam 1961, Park Chung Hee da cfl mot phai dodn sang miln Nam Vi$t Nam de ndm bdt tinh hinh chiln sfl Thang 11 ciing ndm, Han Qud'c da tuyen bd' tai Hdi nghi cdc Bd trfldng Hdn Viet se dfla sang Viet Nara rapt dpi qudn co vd'n qudn sU glra nhflng tfldng linh cd kinh nghiem von tham gia cudc ehid'n tranh Trilu Tidn Ngay sau ldn ndm quyen, Tong thing Park Chung Hee da nhieu ldn de nghi My eho quan Hdn Quoc dupe tham ehid'n vd da tie'n hdnh tich cue edc boat ddng chfnh tri vdi Chfnh phii Viet Nara Cdng hda de thuc ddy vide dem qudn tdi miln Nam Viet Nara Nhdn thdy tinh hinh ed t h i vfldt ngodi vdng kilra soat, cho dd'n trudc ndm 1964, phia My eflng da nhilu ldn canh bao hdnh ddng eua Hdn Qud'c vd khdng chd'p nh^n ldi d l nghi thara ehiln eua chinh phii Hdn Qud'e (4) Khdng phu nhdn kinh t l Id yd'u td' hdng dau thuc ddy ddng lfle dem quan tham ehiln d Vipt Nam, nhflng nd'u chi hUdng ddn thudn dd'n vd'n d l kinh te, ngUdi ta de gan danh hipu "lfnh danh thud" cho qudn dpi Hdn Qud'c vd ed t h i dl dang bd qua eae vd'n d l thude v l boi canh lich sfl vd ca nhflng toan tinh dly ehu y cua gidi tfl ban Han Quoc rad ehfnh phu Id dpi dien "Trong mdt thdi gian ddi, ngfldi ta da eho rang, mdt nflde cd quyen lfle ldn hdn se ed anh hudng dd'n chfnh sdch doi ngoai eua mdt nUdc kdm hdn Nhung hp khdng nhin thd'y mdt thi^c td', cae nflde nhd dang phat trien cd the t^n dung lpi the quan hd vdi My di xay dflng "quoc gia phdt trien" (developing state) theo chfnh sdch "tan tU ban" (neomereialisra) nhdra thuc dly kinh t l va chfnh tri trdn cd sd tdn dung mdt eude chiln tranh ben ngoai, khai thae gia tri thdng dfl tfl dd de thda man nhu clu ca v l kinh t l va an ninh cung dng chu My Vd'n Rghian eflu Meh sit, stf 2.2015 d l d day cdn Id sfl cung cl^ sflc manh quyin lUc tfl ban mdi theo xu hUdng ddc quyin chfnh tri vd hinh thdnh mdt hinh thdi nhd nUde trung tdra" (5) Vi le dd, "khdng phai My da bdt budc Hdn Qudc md Hdn Quoc da xung phong tham chid'n d Vidt Nam nhU Id mdt nguin sdn cd cua My, nhfl la mot phan khdng t h i thie'u ciia nd lUc quan sU eua My d Vidt Nam" (6) Cd hai vd'n d l edn ban dat dd xem xdt muc dich tham ehid'n cua Han Qudc: Thd! nhdt Id mue tidu phdt trien Han Quoc dupc gidi chflc dfla vd thd hai Id nhflng tac ddng tinh hinh chid'n tranh cua My d Vidt Nam da tao "cd hpi vdng" cho si^ tham chid'n eiia Hdn Qud'c Doi vdi vd'n dl thfl nhd't, quyd't dinh phdt triln dd't nUdc Hdn Qudc ndi chung va vide hoach dinh "chfnh sdch Viet Nam" (Vietnam pohcy) ndi ridng deu cd xud't phdt didm tfl rapt md hinh "quie gia phdt trien" eiia cdc nhd lanh dao theo chu nghia "tdn tU ban" (7) Dudi thdi Cpng hda thfl 3, tong thong Park Chung Hee da tao dflng nhflng thay ddi ldn quan diem, diidng loi phdt trien eung nhfl cdch thUc to chiic thdc hien cdc muc tiiu kinh texd hdi Td'ng thing Park ld'y quan diem edng nghipp hda nhanh thay the cho quan dilm tfl Iflc va I n dinh, bilt tdn dung vd khai thdc tridt d l sfl bao trd qudn sU cua My, han che chi tidu quoc phdng di gidnh nguon tich luy cho su phat triln kinh tl, ddc bidt la cdng nghidp Park ehu trUdng phat triln lien kd't kinh t l vdi chinh sdch hfldng ngoai thay t h i ehfnh sdch hfldng ndi, nhdm tdn dung mpi cd hdi de khai thac da dang, hipu qua cac nguon lUe tfl ben ngodi cung nhfl phat huy dupe nhflng ldi thd' so sanh cua minh radi trUdng kinh td' quoe td' vd sfl phdn edng lao ddng qud'c td' mdi Md hinh chiln Iflde cot loi cc) ban Id lly quan hp kinh te doi ngoai ldm IjAn Qutfc Ttfi qua trtnh chii ddng ddn b i y cho chUdng trinh cdng nghidp hda qudc gia Id giai phdp dat dd'n dp trUdng thdnh ve edng nghi$p, qua dd dat dupe muc tidu nin kinh ti'dgc lap vd co the tU tri diicic tdng trddng (8) Cd the nhdn thd'y, ylu to* ddn d i n quye't dinh thara chid'n tai Vidt Nam eua chinh quyen Park trUde h i t xud't phdt tfl tham vpng thay doi n i n kinh te' Han Qud'c sau ehid'n tranh tren ed sd thiic dly nen cdng nghidp hda Dong thdi hp da ndm bdt vd eoi yd'u td' radi trudng qud'c td' Id ddn hly, tao ndn bflde nhay vpt cho Han Quic phat triln theo hudng tfl bao dam nen ddc ldp vd tfl cfldng dan tde Chfnh vi vdy, "chien tranh Vipt Nam" Id dt ehu bdi de chinh quyin Park Chung Hee thUe hidn cdc rauc tidu ndu trdn vd cung t h i hidn nhflng toan tfnh rd't ridng ciia the chd' tfl ban chii nghia mdi d Han Qud'c Vdn d l thfl hai dfldc di cdp dd'n la bdi eanh chien trfldng cua My Viet Nam va nhflng vd'n de khd khdn ma ehfnh phii My phai doi dipn cudc ehid'n tranh dd Bfldc sdu vdo thdp ky 60, My dflng trflde nguy cd sa l l y vd thd't bai cudc chie'n tranh d Viet Nam De eflu van tinh the My da quyd't dinh triic tie'p tham chie'n "NhUng vi e ngai se Id ban tay xam lUdc qua ro rdng, de bi dU ludn trdn t h i gidi ldn dn, My phai "qud'c td' hda" cudc chid'n, tim each ldi kdo edc dong minh ciia My cung tham ehid'n D l bidn minh, My dua thuyd't "an ninh tdp thd" (the theory of collective security) Theo 1^ thuyd't do, ching edng Id nhidm vu ehung cua todn the " t h i gidi tu do", nen cae nUdc "the' gidi tu do" phai cd nghia vu hdp tae vdi My Ddc bipt, mdt nUdc ehdu A bi cdng san "de doa" thi cac nUdc chdu A khdc phai dd'n giup Ddy Id chu trUdng "dung ngUdi chdu A danh ngUdi chdu A" (Di A da A), vi nd'u dung lfnh da trdng thi bi dan ehung da vang nghi ky " (9) Nam 1964, My da thd't bai ehid'n (iieh "More flags" (ehid'n dieh nhieu ngon cd) khdng nhdn dfldc sfl hudng flng man md tfl cac nudc dong minh (10), ngoai trfl Ddi Loan vd Han Qud'e rd't nhidt tinh ldn tie'ng ung hp Luc dd My da can nhdc trUdng hpp Ddi Loan nhdm trdnh sU can thidp cua Trung Qud'c vd cudi eiing chi tan thdnh y dinh tham chid'n cua Hdn Quoc Chofp cof hoi v a n g Tfl ehS khdng cd tdn danh sdch cac nudc ding minh cua My tham gia ehien tranh dd'n ehd Han Qud'c dUdc kdu goi tham chid'n d Viet Nam (11), Id mdt ky tfeh vd nd luc khdng ngflng ciia chinh phu Hdn Quoc Va hdn thd' nfla, Hdn Qud'c dUdc budc ldn dia vi luc lupng quan dong minh than can nhd't cua My tham gia chid'n trfldng Viet Nam Thuc te la ed hdi dfla quan sang Vidt Nam se bi bd qua neu nhfl Hdn Quoe khdng chu ddng tim kid'm vd thflc dly tfl trUdc dd Cung bdi vay nen cd hdi dd'n, Han Qud'c cung td khdn ngoan qua trinh mdc ea vdi "dng ehu My" dd nhdm dat lpi ich td't nhd't Sit dung phUdng thflc "ngoai giao dudng vdng" dam phan vdi My, chinh phii Hdn Qud'c da taeh bidt vd'n de tham chid'n vdi cae vd'n de ddm thoai khde, ca vd'n de binh thudng hda quan he Han - Nhdt vo'n dfldc My rd't chu trpng cung da dflde Hdn Quoc gde sang mdt ben Tid'p tuc thfle day ed hdi tham ehilm manh md va chu dpng, 31-10-1964 Hdn Quic da ky k i t ban "Hiep dinh ve dia vi qudn dgi Hdn Quo'c tgi Viet Nam" (The ROK-GVN Agreement on the State of ROK Troops in Vietnam) vdi Vidt Nam Cpng hda Viec ky ke't ban hidp dinh dd da cho phdp quan dpi Han Qud'c dat dUdi sU kiem soat eua chi huy Han Qud'e vd dfldc phep 64 tridn khai them quan Su kipn dd da dUa ehinh phii Han Qudc tham gia vdo chie'n tranh Vidt Nam nhfl mdt cdng sU binh ddng vd khdng phai la lfle lUdng uy nhidra ciia dd' quoc My (12) Bghien cflu Lieh sit, stf 2.2015 chid'n trfldng Vidt Nam khdng cd My, lUc lfldng quan dpi Hdn Qudc vdn boat ddng Xet trdn ea ba gde dp kinh te, chfnh tri vd quan sU, Hdn Qud'c da ldn raanh vd tu tin quan hp vdi My V l mat ngopi giao, Han Qud'c ciing da tham gia vdi tU each Id mdt quoc gia trdn trUdng quoc td' Th^m chf cd tac gia da nhdn dinh, ddt mdi quan he qudc te' thdi ky Chie'n tranh Lpnh, hoat ddng ngoai giao ciia Hdn Quo'c da gdp p h l n lam thay doi cd'u true qud'e t l theo hudng giam bdt sU lUdng cue vd gia tdng tam quan trpng cua cac nUdc nhd ddi sing ehfnh tri thd'gidi ndi chung (14) Trdn binh didn quan hd quoc te', trudc ndm 1965, Hdn Quoc dflde bid't dd'n nhfl la nflde phu thudc nhilu vao My NhUng tinh hinh da bdt ddu thay doi k l tfl hp dem qudn dd'n Viet Nam Trong cudc hpi ddm tpi Manila (Philippines) thang 10 ndm 1966, Hdn Qud'e da dUde tham gia cung vdi Nam Vi^t Nam vd Thai Lan eung nhU cdc nudc Australia, New Zealand vd Philippines de bdn v l vide ung hd ciia dong K i t l u a n rainh eho My cudc ehid'n tranh tpi Vi^t Nam Thdng nam 1966, Ting thong Khdng phai le tu nhidn linh Hdn Quoc Park Chung Hee da cd chuyd'n edng du din dupe gpi dudi cai tdn "lfnh Park Chung cdc nUde Ddng Nara A Mdc du khdng ed Hee" vd nhieu cau chuydn tham sdt cua chdn cde to chflc nhfl NATO hay binh linh Hdn Qud'c trdn chie'n trfldng miln SEATO ciing nhu bd't efl lidn minh qud'e te Nam Vipt Nam dfldc k l lai Cai tdn ridng ndo khae nhflng Han Qudc da dupc tridu d'y bdt nguon tfl nhflng toan tinh diy tham tdp cudc hpp eae nUdc chau A - Thai Binh vpng eua ehfnh quyin Park Chung Hee vd Dfldng bao gom ngoai trudng 10 nflde chdu vide thdng qua quyd't dinh tham ehiln A tham dfl (13) Sau eudc chid'n tranh Trilu Viet Nam eua quic hdi Hdn Quoc "CMnh Tien, tfl chd dflng ngodi cac khli Hen minh sach Vidt Nara" ddi nham gidp Hdn quan sy hay khdng cd tid'ng ndi v l cde vd'n Quoc khdng chi tan dung dupe cd hdi troi d l quoc te', dd'n thdi diem tham gia ehid'n ddy n i n kinh te ma cdn vUdn ldn tU ehu tranh Viet Nam, Hdn Qud'c da trd thdnh mdt each manh me mli quan h$ mdt thUe the quan he dde ldp, ddm phan khdng tdch rdi vdi My nhflng ndm tay ddi vdi My vd da cd nhflng anh hudng 1960, 1970 Ndi each khae, Hdn Qud'c da cac vd'n de quoe te ThUc te, thdng qua ddm phdn vd'n d l dem qudn vao cudc khdn ngoan vide ehia lpi vdi dng thdy chie'n tranh d Viet Nam, chinh phu Hdn My vd VUdn ldn doe ldp vdi My trdn hinh Qud'c da ndm bdt dUdc the yd'u vd nhflng didn quan hp khdng d l ddng cua mdt nUdc gidi hpn cua My vd day My rdi vao the lp nhd vdi mpt nflde ldn bdi eanh hai cflc thupc Hdn Quoc Chfnh vi vdy, Hdn Quoc Ddng - Tdy Tfl sau eudc ehid'n tranh Vipt dd thudng xuydn truyin ldi de dpa rut quan Nara, nhflng ndra 1970 trd di, Hdn Quoc da khdi Vipt Nam cho phfa My k l tfl sau nara trd thdnh rapt quoe gia tU eUdng (self1969 Nhd dd, Hdn Qudc da budc My phai reliance) (15) khung eanh tudng gia tdng vidn trd Cflng vdi che dp uy nhiem ehflng nhfl khdng cd the thoat khdi edi d an ninh thdng qua hpc thuyd't Nixon cang cua My Dd phue vu cho ehinh sach thfle ldm tdng sfle manh cua Hdn Qudc Tren dly cdng nghipp hda ben dd't nUde, edc chinh sdch hfldng ngoai dflpc coi nhfl fjaa Qutfc vdt qua Mnh did ddng ddn b i y cho sfl phdt t r i l n cua Hdn Quoc, dd Id quan hd hpp tdc vdi My; la hda giai radi quan hd vdi NhSit Ban, binh thudng hda vd md r | n g hdp tdc va quan he chat che vdi Vidt Nam Cpng hda vd cdc nUde Ddng Nam A B l ngodi Id nhdm xay dflng lidn minh chong cdng, nhflng thfle chd't la tranh thil thi trudng chid'n tranh Vidt Nam de giai quylt cae vd'n dl, chinh tri, kinh td', xd hpi vd an ninh cua Han Quoc Tung "chfnh sdeh Vi$t Nam" luc bdy gid, chmh phu Park Chung Hee eung dd tdn dung cd hdi tdng cfldng dia vi chfnh tri vd cung cd' quyin lfle gifla bli canh chinh tri nflde rdi ren "Tfl nam 1964-1965, sfl bao vdy eua cde eudc bieu tinh eiia sinh vidn ehdng lai chfnh phu, sfl chi trich gay gdt ciia cac dang d ^ ldp da thach thflc to ldn vai trd eua dang d m quyin, tranh thu dupe nguon tdi trd kinh te vd qudn sfl eua My sd hfla hpn cdi thi^n tinh hinh chinh tri nddc Viet Nam Id ndi eung cd'p cho Han Qud'c cd hdi dd" (16) Chfnh quyin Park Chung Hee da bid't t4n dung "cd hdi Vidt Nam" de lam giau cho Hdn Qud'c vd cung co che dp chinh tri dpc quyen D^t bdi canh ddi d i u hai ctic vd mdi quan hp ngoai giao quoc td' buoi d i u cua Hdn Quic, "chinh sach Vipt Nam" da the hi$n kha ndng vfldn trfldng quoc te CHU 65 va thodt khdi the' ed lap vd phu thu^c Thdnh cdng dd ciia Hdn Qud'e da dflpc bilu Id rdt ro trdn chid'n trUdng miln Nam Vidt Nam, binh lfnh Han Quie chien dd'u ddc l^p dudi danh nghia quan dong minh, giup My eudc chie'n tranh d Vi§t Nam Nhu vdy, Hdn Qudc dem qudn tham chid'n d Vipt Nam nhdm phuc vp mflu dl xam lUdc Viet Nara cua My nhflng khdng phai phu thudc vdo My Ding thdi, mue dfch thara chie'n cung khdng ddn t h u i n Id tra dn ngfldi My; hodc giai quyd't cae vd'n de kinh td', xa hdi hay qudn sU cua Hdn Quic ma edn vUdn xa thd' gidi tren cd sd xde ldp vi the ehinh tri bdi gidi tu ban mdi dang ldn eua Hdn Qud'e Vi vdy, mli quan tdra nhd't luc dd cua Hdn Quic Id thue dly viec dupc tham chien vd tham chid'n cdng lau cdng t H cudc chid'n tranh cua My Viet Nam Tham vpng d l qudc eiia Hdn Quoc da dudc dly len mfle cao dera ddi quan ddng nhd't so nude giti qudn tham chien tai Vi$t Nam dfl eho eude chiln cua My d miln Nara Vidt Nara dang xuong dd'c Cai gid phai tra ciia thara vpng dd Id nhflng hy sinh, m i t mat xUdng mdu vd nhiJng vu tham sat thudng dan Vipt Nam Idra nhflc nhoi rail quan hd Viet - Hdn tai thdi didm dd THICH (*) Bfii vi€^t d U ^ tbi^c hi$n khufin kho tfii (2) Ku Su Jeong, "Mm quan hfi Vi#t - Hfin tri? ciia chU(Jng trinh giao lUu h^c gia qufic te vfi sau chien tranh cua M^ tai Vi?t Nam (Intemational Scholar Exchange Fellowship), Quy (1955-2005)" Lufin fin tien si sfl hoc, Thfinh Korea Foundation, 2012-2013 Hfi Chi Minh, 2005, tr 214-215 (1) Bao gfim Hfin Qufic, Thfii Lan, Philipines, Australia, New Zealand (3) Ku Su Jeong, tldd, tr 109-110 Rghlfin Clhi Ljch siV stf 2.2015 (4) Nfim 1964, Dai sfl My, Samuel BOgO Phfip lfi thfinh vign ciia SEATO vfi NATO, hai (Samuel Berger) da c i n h bfio "TCt ca tnoi ho^t dfing minh t r u y i n thfi'ng cua My cung dfi tit choi d^ng trao d l i qufin sU giila hai nUdc phai du^c tiS'n dUa quan sang Vift Nam Nhieu nUdc chfiu A cung hfinh dudi sU dfing y cua dofin cd vfi'n quan sU My khfing hUcing flng ldi kfiu g9i cua MjP (nhii t^i Vift Nam" Ddn theo Song Jeong Nam, tldd, tr Indonesia, Malaysia, Mi€^n Difn, Pakistan ) CH 44-45 cd nUdc gfli mdt so qudn d mUc vfii nghin qufin, (5) Dong J u Choi, T h e Political Economy of Korea's Involvement in the Second Indo-China thfim chi vfii trfim qufin (Hfin Qudc, Australia, Thai Lan, New Zealand, Philippinses) War" (Si^ can di^ ve Vinh te vfi chinh tri cua Hfin (11) Nfim 1964, chinh quyin My mutfn Quoc cufic chien ttscah Dong DUdng iSn thvt dfing minh giiip dd t h a m chi^n, thi Hfin Qu6c hai) Khoa Nghien cflu chinh ti^, Vifn Nghien cflu khdng n i m danh sach cac qudc gia giH qufin A Phi, D^i hoc London Lufin fin ti^n si, 1995, tr dfin mien Nam Vift Nam D i n theo Sungjoo Han, 34-35 "South Korea's participation (6) Dong J u Choi, tldd, tr 265 in the Vietnam conflict: an analysis of the U.S - Korea alliance" (Hdn Qudi: tham gia vdo cugc chien tranh Vi^t (7) Theo Dong J u Choi, mfi hinh "nhfi nUfic phat trien" ciia cfie nhfi Ifinh d^o "tan tU ban" Hfin Nam: phdn tich mdt quan hi ddng minh My - Hdn), ORbis 21, Winter, 1978, tr 896 Qufic "nd dupc coi nhu lfi chu nghla dfi' qufic dfin tdc cho cfii g^i lfi quy^n lUc vfi si^ gifiu cfi", cfie nhfi (12) Dong J u Choi, tldd, t r l Nhfi'n m^nh stf lanh d^o Hfin Qufic da chii tr^ng mb rong nhOing kifn nfiy tdc gia Song Jeong Nam cung dfi k h ^ g anh hudng khfing chi vfin de kinh t^, quan sU mfi djnh "qufin Hfin Qufic t h a m chien t^i Vift Nam lfi si^ ciing co quyfo l i ^ thfi'ng tri cua lUc lu^ng khfing phai vdi tu cfich lfi mdt d^i linh dfinh thu€ tu ban mfii theo hudng hinh thfinh vai tro cua nhfi ciia My mfi b mft vj tri tUdng tU nhU My", Theo nUfic, tldd, tr 263- 265 Song Jeong Nam, tldd, tr 49 (8) Hofing Vfin Hiln, "Qui trinh phat trien kinh t ^ x a hfii cua Hfin Qufic (1961-1993) vfi kinh nghifm dSi vdi Vift Nam" Nxb Chfnh tri Quoc gia, Hfi Ndi, 2008, tr 40-44 (13) Song Joo Han, tldd, tr 904 (14) Song Joo Han, tldd, tr 908-910 (15) Dai difn cho tinh thin t\f cUdng, ngiidi ta thudng nh^c n h i l u dfn chinh sach cua ting thfi'ng (9) Ku Su Jeong, tldd, tr 109 Peu-k Chung Hee chinh quyen cua fing dfi (10) Trong cudc chig'n tranh Trieu Tidn (1950- hudng dfn vfiii d l : Xfiy dUng mdt nen kinh t^ 1953), MJ da keu goi dupc 15 nUfic tham dU niip tu cUdng dan tpc (self-reliance national economy; dudi bdng cd Lifin Hifp qufic Tuy nhien, T^o kha nfing ttt cUdng quan sU; Quyin ti^ tri cufic chifin tranh t^i Vift Nam, nhifiu nUdc tja to v l chinh tri thd d vfi khdng dap ftng ldi de nghj ciia My Anh- (16) Song Joo Han, tldd, tr 901