Conditionals (If…then…) sentences are used for a variety of reasons in English, but all conditional sentences tell that IF a particular condition is true, THEN a certain result happens STRUCTURE - this is the general structure of conditionals: IF condition result If y=10 2y=20 result IF condition 2y = 20 if y = 10 ZERO Conditional – habits and generalities We use the zero conditional to talk about things that are ALWAYS true when certain conditions are present If (condition) Result present simple present simple If I drink too much coffee I can’t sleep at night Result If (condition) present simple present simple I sleep better if I drink herbal tea before bed Complete these sentences: Examples: If prices inflate, our buying power decreases How you feel if you eat too much? People don’t like it if you don’t listen to them If I spend Christmas with my family we usually… Bosses usually react badly if you… If it’s a nice day I sometimes… You generally feel healthy if you… First Conditional – real possibility We use the first conditional to talk about likely results of realistically possible future events If (condition) Result present simple Result simple present will will + infinitive If (condition) be going to + infinitive we’ll go to the lake can If the weather is nice this weekend, Examples: will be If going to + infinitive present to simple the weather this weekend, the lake If I don’t pass is mynice exam, I won’t be able to we’ll go to go university can You’ll have a better chance of promotion if you work harder We’re going to drive to the cabin if it doesn’t rain tomorrow Where will you go skiing if it snows this weekend? We’ll buy 5000 units if you can deliver by the 21 st If you want to lose weight, you’ll have to eat less Complete these sentences: I’ll make dinner if you… Your boss will fire you if you… If I get a raise, I … If the weather’s nice this weekend, I … You’ll lose weight faster if you… Second Conditional – unreal possibility, “Dream Conditional” We use the second conditional to talk about situations that are unreal or unlikely to happen Result would could + If (condition) infinitive I’d be an actor past simple if I could have any job in the world Examples: If I got a new job, I could afford a car We would order 200 units if you included shipping in the price Where would you these go if you could go anywhere in the world? Complete sentences: How many you job order if weworld, gave Iyou If I units couldwould have any in the … a discount? If I didn’t car,lottery, I wouldn’t If have I wonathe I … be able to go to the mountains on weekends She would be a better sales agent if… I wouldn’t that if I were you Our marketing strategy would be more effective if… If I had more time, I … Third Conditional – Impossibility We use the third conditional to speculate on how past events could have been different, if the past circumstances were different would could Result If (condition) + past perfect present perfect I’d have traveled more if I hadn’t had children Examples: They wouldn’t have gone bankrupt if they’d been more careful with their money If von Choltitz hadn’t disobeyed Hitler, Paris could have been destroyed What would you have done if you hadn’t become an architect? If I’d never met Tim, I’d never have become a musician How would you have reacted if you’d been her? Complete the sentences: If I hadn’t taken this job, I … My trip to would have been more fun if… If I hadn’t had to , I could have _ … If I hadn’t studied _, I … My job at _ would have been easier if…