/a:/: first pronounce the sound /a:/ then put your tongue down and back /a:/ is a long sound 5’ Practice Play the tape and ask them to repeat Pair work Call on some Ss to repeat the sounds clearly to in front of the class Ask Ss to work in pairs and practice the sentences Introduce peer correction Go around the class and provide help if necessary Grammar and vocabulary 7’ Presentation and Practice Pair work Keep Ss in pairs and ask them to make questions for the responses Note: This is an easy activity so it can be carried out in a short time There will be various acceptable questions Call on some pairs to read the questions and responses aloud in front of the class Give suggested answers: When did you come back from Ho Chi Minh City? How long did you stay there? Who did you come with? Where did you live? Why you learn English? What time is it? How many children have they got? 47 10’ Presentation Distinguish the infinitive and -ing form The base form of a verb often functions as an infinitive It is called the bare infinitive because it is used without to We must distinguish it from the toinfinitive, where to is always used in front of the base form of the verb The -ing form of a verb sometimes functions as a gerund (a kind of noun) and sometimes as a present participle Many verbs and adjectives, and some nouns, can be followed by one of these forms, and in some cases by more than one form From the student’s point of view, the problem is knowing which form is appropriate This may be because only one form is grammatically correct, e.g: enjoy doing or fail to Or it may be because only one form suits what we want to say, e.g: remember to or remember doing The following list are the verbs which can only followed by to-infinitive and -ing: The verbs can only be followed by to-infinitive: agree refuse manage fail decide plan hope expect seem tend 48 Whole class The verbs can only be followed by -ing form: enjoy avoid mind consider practice miss postpone risk The to-infinitive and -ing never mean the same when we use after these verbs: remember, forget, try, and stop Remember + to-infinitive refers to an action in the future (or to a “future” action as seen from the past.): Remember to post the letters (= don’t forget to) I remembered to post the letters (= I didn’t forget to) Remember + -ing refers to the past: I remember posing the letters (= I posted them and I remember the action) Forget + to-infinitive refers to future actions (or to a future action as seen from the past): Don’t forget to ask Tom I forgot to ask Tom Forget + -ing refers to the past: Have you forgotten meeting her? Regret + to-infinitive refers to future or present: We regret to inform you that you failed in the exam Regret + -ing refers to present or past: I regret buying so many newspapers Try + to-infinitive means “make an effort”: You should try to get high marks in the final exam Trying + -ing means “experiment”: 49 Try learning French and you will find it interesting Stop + to-infinitive refers to a purpose On the way to school, I stopped to buy a newspaper Stop + -ing: -ing is the object of the verb: We couldn’t stop laughing because of his funny story 7’ Practice Ask Ss to read the letter carefully and fill in each blank with an -ing and to-infinitive form of the verb in brackets Tell Ss to compare their answers with a friend Call on some Ss to read the completed letter Make necessary corrections Give correct answers: Dear Lisa, I expected (1) to hear from you I hope you are OK I’m busy but happy Last night I went to a party at one of my classmates’ home I was really nervous You know how I usually avoid (2) going to parties because I have trouble (3) remembering people’s names Well, last night things were different Before the party, I read a book about improving your memory, I practice (4) doing some of the memory exercises They really helped As a result, I stopped (5) worrying about what people would think of me, and I tried (6) to pay attention to what people were saying And guess what? I had a good time! I’m even planning (7) to go dancing with this guy from my class Why don’t you consider (8) visiting me? I really miss (9) seeing you Please write I always enjoy (10) hearing from you Best wishes, Sonia 50 Individual work Practice 6’ Further practice with –ing and to-infinitive form Pair work Ask Ss to work in pairs and complete the sentences using an –ing or to-infinitive form of the verbs in the box Call on some Ss to read their answers aloud in front of the class Feedback and give correct answers: It was a nice day, so we decided to go for a walk I’m not in a hurry I don’t mind waiting They were hungry, so she suggested having dinner early I’m still looking for a job, but I hope to find something soon We must something We can’t go on living like this Could you please stop making so much noise? Our neighbour threatened to call the police if we didn’t stop the noise Lan was in a difficult situation, so I agreed to lend her some money Suddenly everybody stopped talking 10 Don’t forget to post the letter I gave you 51 Unit People’s background Period (Reading) I Aim Reading for general ideas and specific information II Objectives By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to: - read better through Matching and True or False exercises - improve background knowledge about famous scientists especially about Marie Curie III Materials Textbook, whiteboard markers,… Pictures of some famous scientists,… IV Anticipated problems Ss may lack of information about Marie Curie V Procedure Time 10’ Steps Warm-up Networks Have Ss work in groups of to Ask them to make a list of famous scientists After minutes, the group with the longest list will be the winner 52 Work arrangement Group work Famous scientists Note: Ss may give the wrong spellings of some scientists Accept them and make necessary corrections Ask further questions about some scientists regarding their specialisations and achievements 7’ Before you read Ask Ss to work in pairs and answer the following questions: Have you ever heard of Marie Curie? Pair work and Whole class What you know about her? Set the scene Marie Curie is the world famous scientist She made great contributions to the world’s science Today, we will learn about her life and her research Firstly, let’s have a quick look at some new words and phrases that you will come across in the passage Vocabulary pre-teach general education (n): comprehensive study of all subjects and skills (giáo dục phổ thông) brilliant (a): clever, quick at learning (thông minh, sáng dạ) mature (a): fully-grown/developed in character and power (trưởng thành) harbour the dream of: foster/keep in mind the dream of doing smt (nuôi ước mơ trở thành…) 53 flying colours: (leave university) with excellent grade (tốt nghiệp đại học loại ưu) PhD: Doctor of Phylosophy (Tiến sĩ) tragic death: die painfully, tragically (cái chết đau khổ) to be awarded: to be presented with (được trao gì) atomic weight of radium: (translation) (trọng lượng nguyên tử) humanitarian wish: (translation) (mong muốn nhân đạo) While you read 7’ Task - Matching Ask Ss to read the passage individually and match the words or phrases in A with their meanings in B Individual work Tell Ss to refer to Vocabulary pre-teach for help and encourage them to try to guess the meanings of the words in the context of the reading Call on some Ss to read and explain their answers aloud in front of the class Feedback and give correct answers: 7’ c e d b a Task - True or False Have Ss read the passage more carefully and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) Correct the false information Ask Ss to highlight or underline the information in the passage that helps Ss find the correct answers Call on some Ss to explain their answers It’s up to Ss’ level, T may ask further questions such as: Why is it true / false? 54 Individual work Can you give me the information in the passage? Feedback and give correct answers: T F (Her dream was to become a scientist.) T F (She married Pierre Curie in 1895.) T Task - Answering Questions 7’ Ask Ss to the task in pairs to answer the questions Pair work Tell Ss to compare their answers with other pairs Let them discuss and correct for one another Feedback and give correct answers: Marie Curie was born in Warsaw on November 7, 1867 She was a brilliant and mature student She worked as a private tutor to save money for a study tour abroad She was awarded a Nobel Prize in Chemistry for determining the atomic weight of radium No, it wasn’t Her real joy was “easing human suffering.” 5’ After you read Make sure Ss understand all the adjectives in the book Group work Further explain if necessary Instruct the task: Above are five adjectives we may use to describe Marie Curie Find the evidence from the passage to prove each of them Ask Ss to work in groups and highlight or underline the evidence that they find in the passage 55 Give suggested answers: strong-willed (She haboured the dream of scientific career, which was impossible for a woman at that time.) ambitious (In spite of her difficult situation, she worked extremely hard and earned a degree in Physics with flying colours ) hard-working (She works extremely hard.) intelligent (As a brilliant student,…) humane (She had a humanitarian wish that ease human suffering.) 3’ Wrapping Summarise the main points Whole class Assign homework Supplements Further reading about Marie Curie Marie Curie, a Polish-born French chemist Birth November 7, 1867 Death July 4, 1934 Place of Birth Principal Residence Warsaw, Poland Paris, France Pioneering the study of radioactivity and discovering the radioactive elements radium and polonium Known for Winning the 1903 Nobel Prize in physics with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Antoine Henri Becquerel Winning the 1911 Nobel Prize in chemistry, and becoming the first scientist to receive the award in two different scientific categories 56