s t n e n o p m o C t i n U Student Book Grammar Station Practice This section introduces the main grammar points in the units It provides clear explanations and charts showing grammatical forms, meanings, and usages There are also corresponding pictures and simple examples to help students easily understand the basic grammar structures and rules that are presented Simple check-up exercises are provided at the bottom of the page They are helpful in checking students’ initial understanding of the key grammar points Various exercises allow students to reinforce and gradually expand their understanding of the grammar rules that they have learned This section involves correction exercises that train students to recognize and correct grammar errors in sentences Check Up Guided exercises and drills are presented to help students practice the basic grammar structures Students get a chance to learn how to properly apply the grammar rules through these exercies Grammar in Writing This section provides a variety of writing types such as letters, diaries, book reports, advertisements, news reports, instructions, etc This allows students to apply their knowledge of the grammar rules in a meaningful context Review At the end of each unit, students have the opportunity to review and internalize what they have learned Supplementary Material Review Test Appendix: Grammar Station After every four units, students will take a review test These tests aim to access and evaluate students’ understanding of the grammar points that they have learned Grammar charts from each unit’s Grammar Station are included in the back of the book They allow students to easily access the book’s main grammar points Contents Nouns & Pronouns Present Continuous 01 It’s very delicious! Types of Sentences 13 We are learning math Present Continuous: Positive 54 02 The sun is hot Articles 10 14 He isn’t reading a book Present Continuous: Negative 58 03 Children like stories Plural Nouns 14 15 Is she riding a bike? Present Continuous: Questions 62 04 I like him Pronouns 18 16 I get up at seven o’clock Prepositions of Time 66 The Verb Be Past Simple & Modal Verbs 05 The cap is mine Possessives 22 17 I was sick last night Past Simple: The Verb Be 70 06 He’s a mail carrier The Verb Be 26 18 We played baseball Past Simple 1: Regular Verbs 74 07 There is some water There + The Verb Be, Some & Any 30 19 They went to the zoo Past Simple 2: Irregular Verbs 78 08 It is 12 o’clock It + The Verb Be 34 20 You must be quiet Modal Verbs: Must / Have To 82 Present Simple, Adjectives & Adverbs Supplementary Material 09 She studies English 10 Do you want the robot? Present Simple: Questions 42 11 Sam is taller than Ben Adjectives: Comparatives 46 12 The snail moves slowly Adverbs 50 Present Simple: Positive & Negative 38 • Review Tests - 5 • Appendix: Grammer Station  • Scope & Sequence 88 - 97 98 - 102 103 01 It’s very delicious! A Grammar Station Types of Sentences ‌A sentence is a group of words that makes a complete thought Every sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with an end mark ‌There are four types of sentences: statements(telling something), questions (asking something), imperatives (giving an order), and exclamations (showing strong feelings) Sentence Statement Question Imperative Exclamation We are happy Positive We’re not happy Negative Is he your friend? Open the door Positive Don’t touch it! Negative Oh, no! My knee hurts! Tim likes chicken He doesn’t like fish Thomas has a cat Do you like pizza? What you want? Greg is the winner! Don’t make any noise! Match to complete the sentences Emily is a pen? period (.) Wait vegetables question mark (?) Ben writes a minute! period (.) or exclamation mark (!) I don’t like a letter Do you have Mr Jones? Who is a student C Circle the correct end marks Welcome to our country( ! / ? ) Do you need a vase (!/?) Who is that man (!/?) He is my father( / ? ) I won a singing contest( ! / ? ) Congratulations( ! / ? ) It’s very delicious! You are a great cook! Check the correct sentences He isn’t a student End Mark Who is that boy? Is he your friend? Be quiet! Don’t speak loudly B Circle the capital letters and end marks Do you like pizza? It’s wonderful! Ken hungry isn’t? He runs very fast Come here now! she walks to school Not turn on the TV What you have? Thank you( / ? ) Yes, I do( / ? ) Unit Grammar in Writing A Check the correct boxes Statement Question Imperative Exclamation vice column, you When you write an ad of sentences to can use various kinds or her troubles his advise someone on Choose and complete the advice column Hello, Mrs She is an old woman Know-all I’m Derek I’m an elementary school _ Go to bed early started a new school Wow, it’s very exciting! I have no friends here I miss my Do you have a pet? old _ I’m really down! What should I do? I don’t like chocolate Hi, Do you miss your old _ ? B Choose and complete the sentences Don’t be I have a good new friends It is Smile Be Be a good You’ll have friends in no time! I need a Chinese dictionary They don’t play baseball window! Don’t close the spaghetti? Does the boy like dictionary easy Make Derek listener friends nice sad! I Know-all student friends? idea • Circle the capital letters and put the correct end marks Type C Correct and rewrite the sentences the students are very quiet She has two Brothers where is your camera i don’t run in the library The students are very quiet Statement Question Imperative Exclamation Sentence The students are very quiet We don’t play soccer Does she like riddles Wait a minute Don’t make any noise I won a singing contest Does he get up early! Unit 02 The sun is hot A Grammar Station Articles Circle the correct words I have ( a / an ) test today He wants ( a / an ) egg There is ( a / an ) banana She needs ( a / an ) eraser Put ( a / an / X ) milk and ( a / an / X ) sugar in the bowl We use the article a or an before singular count nouns W ‌ e use the article the with both count nouns and noncount nouns when we talk about a specific thing or only one of something A boy flies ( a / an / the ) kite in ( a / an / the ) sky She writes ( a / an / X ) letter ( A / An / The ) letter is long Article a / an singular count noun only one of something the ø specific thing noncount noun Article + Noun a desk a chair a door a window an ant an egg an igloo an onion an umbrella B The sun is bright in the sky This is a box The box is heavy I have two pigs The pigs are fat There is some water The water is hot Cross out the unnecessary articles I’m very thirsty I need a water Singular There are the many flowers in the garden Plural Noncount Please give me a salt and an orange We need flour, butter, ham, sugar, and milk The Mr Smith is my teacher He is very nice C Complete the dialogues with a, an, the, or X A It is raining outside an B We need I have a puppy The puppy is cute The sun is hot I want some water A Do you like umbrella cheese? B Yes, I really like it Check the correct words 10 a ball a shoes an moon the kangaroos a juice an iguana the earth a butter A I like these shoes B shoes are expensive A Look! There is tiger B Wow, it is scary! Unit 11 vertisement, When you write an ad right articles you need to use the before nouns Grammar in Writing A Complete the sentences with a, an, the, or X An Complete the advertisement with a, an, the, or X old lady walks down the street old lady carries a Welcome to Neverland! shopping bag shopping bag is full of Neverland is an amusement park amusement park is very famous cheese mouse follows mouse is interested in Thrilling Roller Coasters old lady There are bag exciting roller coasters roller coasters are very thrilling People enjoy them very much B A Wonderful Parade Complete the sentences with a, an, the, or X Look at the My brother wears The parade is popular with many stars cap We can fly to My dad is X sky There are princess, cap is mine They give engineer My mom is We have dog There is some milk The prince, and fairy ride in moon teacher children carriage balloons to the children Come and have a good time at Neverland! dog is old milk is cold • Complete the chart C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences A milk is good for children Milk is good for children a / singular count noun only one of something We want a apple and a banana Look at this water A water is dirty The moon moves around an earth specific thing noncount noun a tree an apple flower onion The sky is very dark This is a camera.The camera is nice He has three cats.The cats are very cute There is some cheese.The cheese is tasty I want flour, milk, and Singular Plural Noncount salt My mom buys flowers A flowers are beautiful 12 Unit 13 03 Children like stories A Grammar Station Plural Nouns He carries two ( boxs / boxes ) The plant has many ( leafs / leaves ) Kate has one ( brush / brushes ) The city has three beautiful ( church / churches ) Regular -ch, -sh, -s, -x, -o Where is my ( pencil / pencils )? My uncle travels to many ( countrys / countries ) Singular nouns are for one person or thing Plural nouns are for two or more people or things We add -s or -es to make regular plural nouns most nouns Circle the correct words Irregular Singular Plural Singular Plural + -s flower flowers + -es watch brush bus box potato watches brushes buses boxes potatoes man foot tooth goose mouse child ox fish sheep deer men feet teeth geese mice children oxen fish sheep deer consonant + -y y + -ies story stories -f, -fe f + -ves leaf wife leaves wives B Complete the sentences using plural nouns (tomato) The farmer grows tomatoes (thief) Two climb the wall (baby) The nurse loves (wish) The boy has three I put some potatoes and cherries in the boxes Children like stories This story is about two mice C Match the singular nouns with their plural forms 14 Complete the sentences using plural nouns foot The scary giant has big baby wolves bus wives mouse Cats usually chase dish parks wife tomatoes sheep The dog guides many wolf babies bench buses ox park dishes tomato benches man feet My uncle has a hundred I know many famous Unit 15 ipe, you can When you write a rec s to refer to use the plural noun some ingredients Grammar in Writing A Choose and complete the sentences using plural nouns Choose and complete the recipe using the correct forms of the nouns leaf deer child goose flower flowers A girl smells beautiful There are many colorful Three Yogurt Fruit Salad Wash and tear some lettuce play soccer Five swim in the lake Two eat the grass leaves apart and cut them into six pieces Peel two into quarters Cut one Slice three into bite-size pieces ‌Carefully put everything (①~④) into a large B Complete the sentences using plural nouns Put one knife here Put two knives there and serve it Mr Miles has one fish Mr Smith has three Jessica eats one sandwich John eats two peanut leaf bowl apple salad plate yogurt tomato peach Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences I put my foots in the water on a Put the This small house has one room That big house has five C and mix the salad well Pour in some My sister carries one box My brother carries two Ted has one puppy Sally has many Add some I put my feet in the water • Complete the chart Singular Plural Singular pencil pencils flower room peach wish deer country box potato Sheeps walk along the river scarf wife bus We grow tomatos in our garden tooth child mouse These storys are surprising Wolfs howl at the moon Plural Singular Plural There are many poor countrys 16 Unit 17 04 I like him A Circle the correct words I don’t know the answer Don’t ask ( I / me ) Grammar Station Cindy and I don’t like fish ( We / Us ) like meat Pronouns The knife is dangerous Don’t touch ( it / them)! Pronouns replace nouns Subject pronouns are used as the subjects in sentences Object pronouns are used as the objects in sentences They often come after verbs My friend Kate lives far away I miss ( she / her ) very much My parents work hard ( They / Them ) are always busy Singular Plural Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun I me we us you you you you he him she her it it girl Jessica Mark is my cousin He is funny I like him they B Write the correct subject pronouns them Kiki kitten Sue and I are friends We swim together My dad watches us C Mrs Jones She Kelly and I We is my neighbor like hamburgers We have some birds They sing every morning We feed them Her birds him A Do you understand this exercise? 18 He helps her They meet us She hates it We follow him A Do you often visit your grandparents? B Yes, I often visit Circle the subject pronouns and underline the object pronouns She loves me are very smart A Do you remember my cousin? B No, I don’t understand I see you is exciting Complete the dialogues using object pronouns B Yes, I remember This is my mom She is very busy I help her Basketball them A Does your dad love you and your sister B Yes, he loves a lot Unit 19 ry, you can When you write a sto to describe use the past simple past the what happened in Grammar in Writing A Choose and complete the sentences in the past simple Complete the story in the past simple lived Mencius and his mother near a graveyard (live) Mencius often went to the funerals there and Sue studied hard for the test Jack and Joan together Tony and I I His mother about him, (cry) a new movie yesterday a party for my parents study watch plan dance (worry) so she near a market Then, Mencius (move) like a salesman (act) His mother it, so she (not / like) (change) Complete the negative sentences in the past simple he / finish He didn’t finish His mother (study) hard it, so she _ again (not / move) (like) his homework They we / hurry to the station Later, Mencius became a famous scholar they / walk to school she / close all the windows you / change your plan (stay) there • Complete the chart Verb wash C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences He carryed a heavy bag I didn’t pressed the button The tea tasteed terrible They enjoyied swimming to move again Their new house was near a school There, Mencius _ He B (decide) He carried a heavy bag Positive I washed my bicycle Negative I didn’t wash change You changed your plan You carry He carried a heavy bag He drop She dropped a vase She wag The dog dance We enjoy They wagged his tail danced together enjoyed tennis my bicycle didn’t change your plan The dog We They a heavy bag a vase his tail together tennis My aunt didn’t visited us 76 Unit 18 77 19 They went to the zoo A Grammar Station Past Simple 2: Irregular Verbs Some verbs change their forms irregularly in the past simple We put did not before the base verb to make negative sentences Positive Subject I / We / You / They He /She / It B Negative Verb ate - ran came gave drank have make write They ( went / goed ) to school He ( bought / buyed ) some pens She ( writed / wrote ) a letter We ( runned / ran ) to the park You ( made / maked ) a mistake Complete the sentences in the past simple came Did + Not Base Verb come I / We / You / They did not (=didn’t) eat put Sandy give My uncle cut Frank drink He /She / It - I ( doed / did ) my homework Subject Irregular Verb run come give drink Circle the correct words did had made wrote go see eat buy - went saw ate bought read cut put hit - read cut put hit C I home late yesterday the book on the shelf me some books his finger this morning Dad some orange juice Complete the sentences in the past simple (eat) Kelly and I We They went to the zoo yesterday They saw many animals there She bought a gift for her mom She didn’t buy a cake Mom 78 made come went give did go ate make had see came have gave eat saw some fruit cookies a cake (write) Eric He pizza (buy) She Match the verbs with their past simple forms didn’t eat a letter an email (have) The farmers They cows some pigs Unit 19 79 wspaper report When you write a ne happened in the about an event that past simple the past, you can use Grammar in Writing A Look at Lisa’s schedule for yesterday and complete the sentences Complete the newspaper article in the past simple Lisa’s Schedule a movie 7:30 Lisa 8:30 breakfast ate breakfast Lisa 3:00 5:00 her homework to school NEWS TODAY at 7:30 a.m (eat) at 8:30 a.m (go) Lisa at 3:00 p.m (see) Lisa at 5:00 p.m (do) went and Lucky, his dog, Wedge Hill There a sign next (be) ran attention to it He Complete the sentences in the past simple Saved His Owner! hiking on (go) to a hole in the road, but Paul B A Smart Dog Yesterday, 12 year-old Paul Spencer (not / pay) with Lucky (run) on the road He didn’t see the hole and (not / see) Lucy drink orange juice eat a sandwich fell into it There Max make a model airplane buy a toy robot nearby, but Lucky My brother The cats Lucy cut the paper read the letter run on the roof (not / be) the hole Paul come into the room a log into up onto it and (climb) got out of the hole drank orange juice She didn’t eat a sandwich Max made a model airplane He My brother The cats He Theydidn’t come into the room • Complete the chart Verb C (put) any people Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences Chris didn’t ran with his dog Jenny cutted the paper in half Chris didn’t run with his dog Positive bought buy I hit You drink My dad eat The bird Mom didn’t readed a story to us make We They eated pizza together have They Negative a dictionary the ball water worms cookies pizza I didn’t buy You My dad The bird We They a dictionary the ball water worms cookies pizza He comed into the classroom 80 Unit 19 81 20 You must be quiet A She ( have to / has to ) wear glasses Grammar Station We ( must / musts ) follow the rules Modal Verbs: Must / Have To You ( don’t have to / have to not ) buy an umbrella ‌We use must to say that something is necessary or very important to ‌We use must not to say that something is not allowed Positive Subject Modal I / We / You / They He /She / It Mary ( don’t have to / doesn’t have to ) take a bus Negative Base Verb must go Children ( must not / don’t must ) play with matches Subject Modal Base Verb I / We / You / They must not (=mustn’t) go He /She / It Subject Modal I / We / You / They have to He /She / It has to The man ( doesn’t must / must not ) tell a lie B ‌ also use have to to say that something is necessary We ‌We use don’t have to to say that something is not necessary Positive Circle the correct words Complete the sentences with must or must not Negative Base Verb go Subject Modal I / We / You / They don’t He /She / It doesn’t You must be quiet You must not touch the vase have to Base Verb go You Mom, you have to rest You don’t have to work today C must not My room is messy I The test is tomorrow You My mom works in a hotel She 82 wash your hands You feed the animals Complete the sentences with have to or has to The light is red People must eat food in the library Harry is late for school He You You Match the pictures with must or must not must not take pictures has to hurry up clean it stop study hard wear a uniform Unit 20 83 , you can use When you write a tip ress a necessity must or have to to exp on ati nd or strong recomme Grammar in Writing A Choose and complete the sentences using must or must not Choose and complete the tips using the modal verbs Here are some hiking tips for beginners You must cross You at the crosswalk put sleep cross run trash in the bin You in the hallway You in class B Complete the sentences using have to or has to stay not / go hurry Joe is late for school He study I got a bad score I not / buy Monica is very sick She in bed bring food You ( have to / don’t have to ) But you ( must / must not ) bring But you ( must / must not ) some water wear You ( have to / don’t have to ) You ( must / must not ) It is Sunday We don’t have to go to school today far to hike Start your hike on a nearby hill wear You ( must / must not ) has to stay go You ( have to / don’t have to ) special shoes comfortable shoes any trash bring a trash bag Hiking is very easy Enjoy your hike! harder next time bring (×3) wear (×2) leave go The concert is free Wedon’t have to buy a ticket • Complete the chart C Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences You have to not take a bus She musts get some exercise David have to tell the truth You don’t must waste time You don’t have to take a bus Modal must have to Positive You He must feed the animals read the letter Negative You He must not feed the animals must not read the letter You take a bus You don’t have to take a bus She wear glasses She doesn’t have to wear glasses He doesn’t has to get up early 84 Unit 20 85 Supplementary Material Review Test A B Units 01-04 Circle the correct end marks or words D Complete the sentences using object pronouns Does he have a dictionary( ? / ! ) Ann is my cousin I often play with The boys don’t play basketball( ? / ) This watch is broken Please repair My father is ( a / an ) inventor Paul is my old friend I really miss I have two ( watchs / watches ) We don’t understand French Please help Who is the girl? Do you know ( her / him )? I have three dogs I walk E Complete the sentences using plural nouns goose scarf scarves The shop sells many stories strawberry box Three are on the table sheep Many eat the grass sea every day Choose the wrong words and correct them don’t open the Pour a milk into My brother Five potatos Mrs Pitt 88 has are F My grandma knows many Joe likes swimming in the now Change the underlined words and rewrite the sentences we don’t like pizza window! Capital Letter the bowl A bird flies in sky Article a iguana My mom needs a tomato (three) Plural in the basket is our teacher We like him test tomorrow Your hands are dirty Wash C them you like this bicycle? We have a Jenny picks somestrawberries Choose and complete the sentences The farmer raises six They respect Mr Poe Pronoun Jack collects old stamps Pronoun Review Test 89 Review Test A B Units 05-08 Circle the correct words D Complete the dialogues using whose and possessive pronouns These are ( Harrys’ / Harry’s ) gloves his bag A is it? ( Is / Are ) they basketball players? my pens A are these? B They are There are some ( letters / paper ) your eraser A is it? There ( is / are ) some water in the glass her keys A are these? B They are ( It / That ) is cold and snowy outside Helen’s camera Complete the sentences using there is/isn’t or there are/aren’t There is E any eggs in the refrigerator? many people in the pool any cheese on the plate any apples in the basket? Whose camera is it? his 90 Choose the wrong words and correct them This is Are your father Derek Is There There is some in the jar Are there any on the table? salt today Change and rewrite the sentences Negative Joshua is late for school Question any coins in the wallet? There is some milk in the refrigerator Negative December 25 There are some posters on the wall Question my cousin downstairs My new shoes are expensive aren’t is Wednesday Possessive Pronoun a firefighter? My grandparents F B It is This is my sister’s backpack my brothers glass there are This Chinese dictionary is It isWednesday C B It is Choose and complete the sentences letters a cup on the table A B It is Review Test 91 Review Test A B Units 09-12 Circle the correct words D Complete the dialogues in the present simple A man ( carrys / carries ) some boxes have A she a parrot? B Yes, The singer ( has / haves ) many fans live A you in London? B No, Joe ( don’t / doesn’t ) read comic books enjoy A they Elephants are ( big / bigger ) than hippos play A he We can’t solve this problem ( easy / easily ) open A the library Complete the sentences using comparatives thin My sister is than me heavy This box is than that box large China is fast James is easy English is E cheaper Helen This desk is than Chinese what Choose the wrong words and correct them Mom mixs Kevin doesn’t eats What My little brother is The 92 flour and she does children sugar chocolate eat for lunch? young than me play with a dog happyly F B Yes, studies exercise regularly than that desk you want for your birthday? Derek goes to bed C early? hard every day David doesn’t than Henry B Yes, B No, Choose and complete the sentences late than Korea swimming? at night Change and rewrite the sentences They go to the library Subject Brian wears a uniform Negative The students enjoy art class Question Harry is strong Ron is weak Comparative Daisy and I are good dancers Janet Harry Adverb Review Test 93 Review Test A B Units 13-16 Circle the correct words D Complete the dialogues in the present continuous I am ( swiming / swimming ) in the lake watch A you watching TV? B Yes, Emily and Joe are ( having / haveing ) lunch cut A Mom the cake? B No, We aren’t ( making / makeing ) a doghouse take A they pictures? B Yes, ( Is / Are ) the thief wearing glasses? jog A the man now? B No, The museum is closed ( at / in / on ) Sundays rain A it E Complete the sentences with at, in, or on My family eats dinner are Many flowers bloom Many people have parties on December night 31 Choose the wrong words and correct them Kurt is We isn’t Are What The 94 runing you making a model plane? your cousin does Tim plane leaves Change and rewrite the sentences He jogs in the park Present Continuous I sit on the bench Present Continuous sleeping now? They are waving their hands Negative eating? He is writing an e-mail Negative Doris is playing the violin Question to school doing F our homework on noon the newspaper Daisy writes in her diary at C clapping some water My dad isn’t the morning drinking their hands loudly Pat is spring My dad goes jogging reading People are Monday B Yes, Choose and complete the sentences six o’clock I have a math test outside? I am[we are] Review Test 95 Review Test A Units 17-20 Circle the correct words D Complete the sentences in the past simple Positive Kyle and I ( was / were ) baseball players The postcard ( wasn’t / weren’t ) on the sofa Cathy ( studyed / studied ) for the test We ( eated / ate ) pizza for lunch Henry ( must / musts ) go to the hospital B E Complete the sentences with must or must not My dog is sick I visit My family plan Greg ed hurry I buy She read Mr Moore doesn’t They didn’t wash your hands The movie starts at five o’clock We I be late This letter is for your sister You Sue C Choose the wrong words and correct them I droped The man didn’t The children We Diane 96 my mother’s gived carried the piano finish a red scarf She a party a red scarf Mr Moore didn’ a book saw drink change a book tasted good change their plan a magic show yesterday orange juice have to hurry up Change and rewrite the sentences My uncle is a famous actor Past Simple I write a letter to my aunt Past Simple Negative our teacher He came home early yesterday Question her homework We have to take a bus Negative paper China I _ to the bus stop Larry and I watched a movie cutted the colored flowers to have to vase F Greg _an to the bus stop We didn’t read it My family t vsit a party The spaghetti make noise Your hands are dirty You China Choose and complete the sentences take it to the vet The teacher is speaking We Negative Review Test 97 Types of Sentences Possessives Sentence Statement We are happy Positive We’re not happy Negative period (.) Is he your friend? Question Imperative Open the door Positive Don’t touch it! Negative Possessive Adjective Possessive Pronoun my cap mine our school ours your phone yours your houses yours his/her shirt his/hers its nose - their cars theirs Sally’s room Sally’s girl Jessica kitten Kiki The Verb Be Article only one of something the specific thing ø noncount noun a desk a chair a door a window an ant an egg an igloo an onion This is a box The box is heavy I have two pigs The pigs are fat There is some water The water is hot -ch, -sh, -s, -x, -o Singular Plural Singular Plural + -s flower flowers + -es watch brush bus box potato watches brushes buses boxes potatoes man foot tooth goose mouse child ox fish sheep deer men feet teeth geese mice children oxen fish sheep deer story stories -f, -fe f + -ves leaf wife leaves wives Short Form I am I’m am not I’m not He / She / It is He’s /She’s / It’s is not He /She / It isn’t We / You / They are We’re / You’re / They’re are not We / You / They aren’t Yes/No Question Pronouns Answer Am I ? Yes, you are No, you aren’t Are you ? Yes, I am No, I’m not he /she / it ? Yes, he /she / it is No, he /she / it isn’t we /you /they ? Yes, you /we /they are No, you /we /they aren’t Is Singular y + -ies Be + Not Noncount Irregular consonant + -y Short Form Plural We need flour, butter, ham, sugar, and milk Regular Negative Be an umbrella The sun is bright in the sky Plural Nouns most nouns Positive Article + Noun singular count noun a / an Are There + The Verb Be, Some & Any Singular / Noncount Plural Positive There is a cup/some milk There are some cups Negative There isn’t a cup/some milk There aren’t any cups Question & Answer Is there a cup/some milk? - Yes, there is / No, there isn’t Are there any cups? - Yes, there are / - No, there aren’t It + The Verb Be Singular 98 Possessive Pronoun period (.) or exclamation mark (!) Articles Plural Possessive Adjective question mark (?) Oh, no! My knee hurts! Exclamation Singular End Mark Plural Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun I me we us you you you you he/she/it him/her/it they them Time What time is it? - It is 12 o’clock It is time for lunch Date What is today’s date? - It is December 25 Day What day is it? - It is Saturday Is it your birthday? Weather It is hot It isn’t cool 99 Present Simple: Positive & Negative Present Continuous: Positive Positive Positive Negative Subject Verb Subject Do / Does + Not I / You / We / They work I / You / We / They not (=don’t) He /She / It works He /She / It does not (=doesn’t) Base Verb work He / She / It most verbs + -s like play likes plays -ch, -sh, -s, -x + -es teach wash pass mix teaches washes passes mixes consonant + -y y + -ies cry study cries studies have − has exceptions go − goes Subject Be I am He /She / It is We / You / They are Base Verb Verb -ing working Base Verb Present Continuous most verbs + -ing read work reading working -e e + -ing make write making writing vowel + consonant double consonant + -ing run swim running swimming − does Present Continuous: Negative Present Simple: Questions Negative Yes/No Question Do/Does Subject Answer Base Verb Yes Yes, you I Do you /we/they Does No like No, you don’t soccer? Yes, I 〔we〕 /you /they Yes, he /she / it does he /she / it Wh-question What No, he /she / it doesn’t you like? does he am not (=I’m not) He /She / It is not (=isn’t) We / You / They are not (=aren’t) I like baseball Be Subject He likes tennis Am I Is he /she / it Are we /you /they Adjective Comparative + -er tall short taller shorter -e + -r large nice larger nicer vowel + consonant double consonant + -er big fat bigger fatter -y y + -ier pretty easy prettier easier Adjective slow quick slowly quickly -y y + -ily happy easy happily easily -le e + -y simple gentle simply gently some adjectives adjective = adverb fast hard fast hard well Answer Verb -ing singing? Yes No Yes, you are No, you aren’t Yes, he /she / it is No, he /she / it isn’t Yes, you /we /they are No, you /we /they aren’t What are you is he Answer doing? I’m playing soccer He’s washing his hands Prepositions of Time Preposition of Time + -ly good playing Wh-question Adverb most adjectives irregular I Yes / No Question most adjectives Adverbs Be + Not Present Continuous: Questions Answer Adjectives: Comparatives 100 No, I 〔we〕 /you /they don’t Verb -ing Subject at on in at nine o’clock at 7:30 at lunchtime at noon at night at midnight day / date on Monday(s) on June 10 special day on my birthday on New Year’s Day in July in 2014 in the morning in the evening time the part of the day month / year / season the part of the day in summer 101 Scope & Sequence Past Simple: The Verb Be Grammar Space Beginner Book 01 Positive Negative Nouns 11 Adjectives Subject Be Subject Be + Not Articles 12 Prepositions of Place I / He /She / It was He /She / It was not (=wasn’t) Plural Nouns 13 Present Simple: Subject-Verb Agreement We / You / They were We / You / They were not (=weren’t) Count & Noncount Nouns 14 Present Simple: Positive Subject Pronouns & The Verb Be 15 Present Simple: Negative The Verb Be : Negative & Yes/No Questions 16 Present Simple: Yes/No Questions The Verb Be : Wh-questions 17 Present Simple: Wh-questions There + The Verb Be 18 Modal Verb: Can (Ability) Demonstrative Pronouns 19 Modal Verbs: Can / May (Permission) 10 Possessive Adjectives 20 Imperatives Past Simple 1: Regular Verbs Positive Negative Subject Verb I / We / You / They jumped He /She / It Subject Did + Not Base Verb I / We / You / They did not (=didn’t) jump He /She / It Base Verb Past Form most verbs + -ed jump play jumped -e + -d bake smile baked smiled consonant + -y y + -ied cry study cried studied vowel + consonant double consonant + -ed plan dropped drop played planned Past Simple 2: Irregular Verbs Positive Negative Subject Verb I / We / You / They ate He /She / It Subject Did + Not Base Verb I / We / You / They did not (=didn’t) eat He /She / It Irregular Verb run come give drink - ran came gave drank have make write - did had made wrote go see eat buy - went saw ate bought read cut put hit - Subject Modal I / We / You / They He /She / It must Negative Base Verb go Subject Modal Base Verb I / We / You / They must not (=mustn’t) go He /She / It Positive 102 Subject Modal I / We / You / They have to He /She / It has to Negative Base Verb go Subject Modal I / We / You / They don’t He /She / It doesn’t Types of Sentences 11 Adjectives: Comparatives Articles 12 Adverbs Plural Nouns 13 Present Continuous: Positive Pronouns 14 Present Continuous: Negative Possessives 15 Present Continuous: Questions The Verb Be 16 Prepositions of Time There + The Verb Be , Some & Any 17 Past Simple: The Verb Be It + The Verb Be 18 Past Simple 1: Regular Verbs Present Simple: Positive & Negative 19 Past Simple 2: Irregular Verbs 10 Present Simple: Questions 20 Modal Verbs: Must / Have To read cut put hit Modal Verbs: Must / Have To Positive Grammar Space Beginner Book 02 have to Base Verb go Grammar Space Beginner Book 03 Parts of a Sentence 11 Past Simple: Positive & Negative Quantifiers 1: Many / Much / A Lot Of 12 Past Simple: Questions Quantifiers 2: Noncount Nouns 13 Future (Will ): Positive & Negative Conjunctions 14 Future (Will ): Questions Present Simple 15 Future: Be Going To Frequency Adverbs 16 Question Words: How / Why Present Continuous: Positive & Negative 17 Adjectives & Adverbs Present Continuous: Questions 18 Adjectives: Comparatives Past Simple (The Verb Be ): Positive & Negative 19 Adjectives: Superlatives 10 Past Simple (The Verb Be ): Questions 20 Prepositions of Place & Movement 103