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Chuyên đề ôn thi đại học những phrasal verbs and idioms tiếng anh hay chắc chắn có trong bài thi tốt nghiệp và đại học. tài liệu đã tổng hợp những cụm động từ và thành ngữ thường gặp trong các bài thi tiếng anh. Tài liệu này giúp bạn thêm diểm trong kì thi sắp tới.
CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN THI ĐẠI HỌC PHRASAL VERBS VÀ IDIOMS CHẮC CHẮN XUẤT HIỆN TRONG ĐỀ THI ĐẠI HỌC Topic 1: Lý Thuyết 100 Phrasal verbs thường dùng Beat one’s self up: tự trách (khi dùng, thay one's self mysel, yourself, himself, herself ) Break down: bị hư Break in: đột nhập vào nhà Break up with s.o: chia tay người yêu, cắt đứt quan hệ tình cảm với Bring s.th up: đề cập chuyện Bring s.o up: nuôi nấng (con cái) Brush up on s.th: ôn lại Call for sth: cần đó; Call for s.o : kêu người đó, cho gọi đó, yêu cầu gặp Carry out: thực (kế hoạch) Catch up with s.o: theo kịp Check in: làm thủ tục vào khách sạn Check out: làm thủ tục khách sạn Check sth out: tìm hiểu, khám phá Clean s.th up: lau chùi Come across as: (chủ ngữ người) Come off: tróc ra, sút Come up against s.th: đối mặt với Come up with: nghĩ Cook up a story: bịa đặt câu chuyện Cool down: làm mát đi, bớt nóng, bình tĩnh lại (chủ ngữ người vật) Count on s.o: tin cậy vào người Cut down on s.th: cắt giảm Cut off: cắt lìa, cắt trợ giúp tài Do away with s.th: bỏ không sử dụng Do without s.th: chấp nhận Dress up: ăn mặc đẹp Drop by: ghé qua Drop s.o off: thả xuống xe End up: có kết cục = wind up Figure out: suy Find out: tìm Get along/get along with s.o: hợp nhau/hợp với Get in: vào Get off: xuống xe Get on with s.o: hòa hợp, thuận với Get out: cút Get rid of s.th: bỏ Get up: thức dậy Give up s.th: từ bỏ Go around: vòng vòng Go down: giảm, xuống Go off: reo, nổ (chủ ngữ thường chuông, bom) Go on: tiếp tục Go out: ngoài, chơi Go up: tăng, lên Grow up: lớn lên Help s.o out: giúp đỡ Hold on: đợi tí Keep on doing s.th: tiếp tục làm Keep up sth: tiếp tục phát huy Let s.o down: làm thất vọng Look after s.o: chăm sóc Look around: nhìn xung quanh Look at sth: nhìn Look down on s.o: khinh thường Look for s.o/s.th: tìm kiếm đó/ Look forward to something/Look forward to doing something: mong mỏi tới kiện Look into sth: nghiên cứu đó, xem xét Look sth up: tra nghĩa từ Look up to s.o: kính trọng, ngưỡng mộ Make s.th up: chế ra, bịa đặt Make up one’s mind: định Move on to s.th: chuyển tiếp sang Pick s.o up: đón Pick s.th up: lượm lên Put s.o down: hạ thấp Put s.o off: làm hứng, không vui Put s.th off: trì hoãn việc Put s.th on: mặc vào Put sth away: cất Put up with s.o/ s.th: chịu đựng đó/ Run into s.th/ s.o: vô tình gặp / Run out of s.th: hết Set s.o up: gài tội Set up s.th: thiết lập, thành lập Settle down: ổn định sống chỗ Show off: khoe khoang Show up: xuất Slow down: chậm lại Speed up: tăng tốc Stand for: viết tắt cho chữ Take away (take sth away from s.o): lấy đó Take off: cất cánh (chủ ngữ máy bay), trở nên thịnh hành, ưa chuộng (chủ ngữ ý tưởng, sản phẩm ) Take s.th off: cởi Take up: bắt đầu làm họat động (thể thao, sở thích,môn học) Talk s.o in to s.th: dụ làm Tell s.o off: la rầy Turn around: quay đầu lại Turn down: vặn nhỏ lại Turn off: tắt Turn on: mở Turn sth/s.o down: từ chối gì/ai Turn up: vặn lớn lên Wake up: (tự) thức dậy Wake s.o up: đánh thức dậy Warm up: khởi động Wear out: mòn, làm mòn (chủ ngữ người có nghĩa làm mòn, chủ ngữ đồ vật có nghĩa bị mòn) Work out: tập thể dục, có kết tốt đẹp Work s.th out: suy CÁC IDIOMS QUAN TRỌNG THƯỜNG GẶP 1.CATS AND DOGS: rain heavily > It's rainingcats and dogs = It's raining heavily CHALK ANDCHEESE: very different from each other > I don't haveanything in common with my brother We're like chalk and cheese 3 HERE AND THERE: everywhere > I have been looking here and there for thegift I bought for my girlfriend A HOT POTATO: something that is difficult ordangerous to deal with (vấn đề nan giải, nóng hổi) > The abortion issue is a political hot potatoin the US AT THE DROP OF THE HAT: immediately, instantly > If you need me, just call me I can come atthe drop of a hat 6.BACK TO THE DRAWING BOARD: time to start from the beginning ; it is time toplan something over again (bắt đầu lại từ đầu) > My plans tocreate a tiny car made of glasses were unsuccessful, so I guess it is back tothe drawing board BEAT ABOUT THEBUSH: avoiding the main topic, not speaking directly about the issue (nói vòngvo, không vô vấn đề chính) > Stop beatingabout the bush and answer myquestion BEST THING SINCE SLICED BREAD: a good inventionor innovation; a good idea or plan (ý tưởng hay, tốt) > Portable phones are marketed as the bestthing since sliced bread; people think they are extremely good BURN THE MIDNIGHT OIL: to stay up working,especially studying late at night (thức khuya làm việc, học bài) > I will have a big exam tomorrow so I'll beburning the midnight oil tonight 10 CAUGHT BETWEEN TWO STOOLS: when someone findsit difficult to choose between two alternatives (lưỡng lự, lựa chọncái nào, dự) > I was caught between two stools when I hadto choose which shirt to hang out with my girlfriends 11.BREAK A LEG = good luck 12 HIT THE BOOKS =to study 13 LET THE CAT OUTOF THE BAG: to reveal a secret or a surprise by accident ( để lộ bí mật) > It's asecret Try not to let the cat out of the bag 14 WHEN PIGS FLY =something will never happen (chuyện viễn vông, không tưởng) 15 SCRATCH SOMEONE'S BACK: helpsomeone out with the assumption that they will return the favor in the future(giúp với mong muốn sau người ta giúp lại mình) > "You scratch my back and I will scratchyours," the customer said when we talked about the new sales contact 16.HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD: or say something exactly right (đoán, nói trúngphóc) > Mike hit thenail on the head when he said most people can use a computer without knowinghow it works 17 TAKESOMEONE/SOMETHING FOR GRANTED: coi nhẹ > One of theproblems with relationships is that after a while you begin to take each otherfor granted 18 TAKE SOMETHINGINTO ACCOUNT/CONSIDERATION: toremember to consider something (tính đến gì) > We will take your long years of service intoaccount when we make our final decision 19 KEEP AN EYE ON SB/STH: để ý, để tâm đến > Please keep an eye on my baby while I amout 20 PUT SOMEONE/SOMETHING AT SOMEONE'S DISPOSAL: tomake someone or something available to someone (có sẵn cho sử dụng theo ýmuốn) > I'd be glad to help you if you need me Iput myself at your disposal 21.SPLITTING HEADACHE (N): a severe headache (đau đầu búa bổ) > I've got asplitting headache I'm going upstairs for a nap 22 OFF THE PEG:may sẵn (quần áo) > If I buytrousers off the peg, they're always too short 23 ON THE HOUSE:không phải trả tiền > I went to arestaurant last night I was the ten thousandth customer, so my dinner was onthe house 24 HIT THE ROOF = GO THROUGH THE ROOF = HIT THECEILING: to suddenly become angry (giận dữ) > I'm afraid he will hit the roof when hefinds out our vacation is cancelled 25 BRING DOWN THE HOUSE: làm cho khán phòng vỗtay > Bin's voice brought the house down Hereally brought down the house with his fantastic song 26.PAY THROUGH THE NOSE: to pay too much for something (trả giá đắt) > If you wantdecent wine in a restaurant, you will have to pay through the nose for it 27 BY THE SKIN OFONE'S TEETH: sát > I gotthrough calculus class by the skin of my teeth > I got to theairport a few minutes late and missed the plan by the skin of my teeth 28 PULL SOMEONE'SLEG: chọc > You don't mean that.You're just pulling my leg 29 IT STRIKE SB AS/THAT A STRANGE: lấy làm lạ > I stroke me as a strange when he came toclass early this morning 30 HIGH AND LOW = HERE AND THERE: everywhere > I have been searching high and low for thegift I bought for Hà An for a whole day 31.THE MORE, THE MERRIER: đông, vui > Of courseyou can have a ride with us! The more, the merrier 32 SPICK AND SPAN:ngăn nắp, gọn gàng > The kitchenwas spick and span as ever, every surface wiped down and everything in itsplace 33 EVERY NOW ANDTHEN = sometimes > Every nowand then, I want to be alone 34 PART AND PARCEL: integral, crucial (quan trọng,thiết yếu) > Being recognised in the street is all partand parcel of being famous 35 GO TO ONE'S HEAD: khiến kiêu ngạo > Don't let all this praises go to your head > Too much success will go to her head 36.BE ON THE WAGON: kiêng rượu > Bob's olddrinking buddies complained that he was no fun when he went on the wagon 37 ONCE IN A BLUEMOON: > Once in ablue moon, I stop thinking about her If only she knew how much I love her 38 ON THE SPOT:immediately (ngay lập tức) > I will bethere on the spot 39 FEW AND FAR BETWEEN: gặp > Go and tell her that you love her! That kindof girl is really few and far between 40 ON THE VERGE OF = ON THE BRINK OF = IN THE EDGE: bên bờ vực (cẩn thận với giới từ "on" "in" nhé!) > We have to protect elephants They are onthe verge of extinction 41.LEAD SOMEBODY BY THE NOSE: to control someone and make them exactly what youwant them to (nắm đầu, dắt mũi ai) > They simplydidn't know what they were doing and they were led by the nose by amanipulative government 42 AT THE ELEVENTHHOUR: vào phút chót > She alwaysturned her term paper in at the eleventh hour 43 FIND FAULTWITH: trích, kiếm chuyện, bắt lỗi > It is very easy to find fault with the workothers 44 OFF AND ON/ ON AND OFF: không đặn, thỉnhthoảng > We don't often go there- just off and on 45 MAKE BELIEVE: giả bộ, giả vờ > I tried to make believe she was happy, butknew deep down it was not true 46 MAKE GOOD TIME: di chuyển nhanh, nhanh > We made good time and were at the hotel bylunch time 47 LOOK DAGGERS AT SOMEONE: giận giữ nhìn > Their relationship is not free and easy butat least he is no longer looking daggers at her 48 BE OUT OF THE QUESTION: > You cannot get married until you are 18,it's out of the question 49 ALL AT ONCE = suddenly: > All at once, there was a loud banging on thedoor 50 BLOW ONE'S TRUMPET: bốc phét, khoác lác > Anyone will tell you she's one of the bestjournalist we've got, although she'd never blow her trumpet 51.SLEEP ON IT: suy nghĩ thêm điều > You don'thave to give me your decision now Sleep on it, and let me know tomorrow 52 FIGHT TOOTH ANDCLAW / NAIL: đánh dội, cấu xé > We foughttooth and claw to retain our share of business 53 PLAY TRICKS /JOKES ON: chọc phá, trêu ghẹo, chơi khăm > The kids arealways play jokes on their teachers 54 DOWN THE DRAIN: đổ sông đổ biển (công sức, tiềnbạc) > It's just money down the drain 55 SMELL A RAT: hoài nghi, linh cảm chuyện khôngổn > The minute I came in, I smelled a rat 56.THE LAST STRAW: giọt nước tràn ly > When sheshowed up late a third time, that was the last straw We had to fire her 57 GET THE HANG OFSOMETHING: nắm bắt được, sử dụng > After threeweeks of using this computer, I think I've finally got the hand of it 58 HARD OFHEARING: lãng tai, nặng tai > Tom is hardof hearing Therefore, we have to speak loudly so that he can hear us 59 KEEP AN EYE ON: coi chừng, ngó chừng > Please keep an eye on my baby while I'm outfor a while 60 HAVE A BEE IN ONE'S BONNET (ABOUT SOMETHING):đặt nặng chuyện gì, chấp chuyện > She has a bee in her bonnet about going toAmerica 61.GET/HAVE COLD FEET: hết can đảm, chùn bước > I'm worriedmy friends may be getting cold feet about the university entrance exam.Therefore, I will try my best to help them overcome this severe exam 62 ON SECONDTHOUGHTS: suy nghĩ kĩ > On secondthoughts, it was a dumb movie 63 IN VAIN: uổngcông, vô ích > All thedoctor’s efforts were in vain and the man soon died 64 CHIP IN: khuyên góp, góp tiền > If everyone chips in, we will be able to buyher a nice present 65 OFF ONE'S HEAD: điên, loạn trí > The old man has been off his head for atleast a year 66.RUN AN ERRAND: làm việc vặt > I've got torun an errand I'll be back in a minute 67 JUMP THETRAFFIC LIGHTS: vượt đèn đỏ > They ignorepeople who jumps the traffic lights 68 FLY OFF THEHANDLE: dễ giận, phát cáu > No one willfly off the handle for no reason 69 THE APPLE OF ONE'S EYES: đồ quý giá > You are the apple of my eyes 70 BUCKET DOWN: mưa xối xả, mưa to > It's been bucketing down all day 71.CLOSE SHAVE = NARROW ESCAPE: thoát chết gang tấc > Phew, thatwas a close shave I was so lucky 72 DROP A BRICK :lỡ lời, lỡ miệng > I dropped abrick when talking with my best friend, and now he doesn't want to talk to me 73 GET BUTTERFLIESIN ONE'S STOMACH: cảm thấy bồn chồn > I always getbutterflies in my stomach when it comes to taking test 74 OFF THE RECORD: không thức, không đượccông bố > What the president said is not to beprinted It's off the record 75 ONE'S CUP OF TEA: thứ mà ta thích > SNSD is my cup of tea They are so beautifuland talented Especially Seohyun, she looks so cute 76.CUT IT FINE: đến sát > Onlyallowing half an hour to get from the station to the airport is cutting itfine, isn't it? 77 GOLDENHANDSHAKE: tiền hậu hĩnh dành cho người nghỉ việc > The managergot early retirement and a 600,000$ golden handshake when the company wasrestructed 78 PUT ON AN ACT:giả bộ, làm > We've knownyou are a good swimmer - stop putting on an act 79 COME TO LIGHT: biết đến, phát hiện,được đưa ánh sáng > Four soldiers have faced charges since thescandal came to light last fall 80 TAKE THINGS TO PIECES: tháo mảnh > Men like to take things to pieces and putthem together 81.PUT ONE'S FOOT IN IT: gây nhầm lẫn, bối rối, phạm sai lầm gây bối rối > I really putmy foot in it when I asked her about her job I didn't know she'd just beenfired 82 PULL ONE'SWEIGHT: nỗ lực, làm tròn trách nhiệm > The rest ofthe team complained that Sarah wasn't pulling her weight 83 MAKE ENDS MEET:xoay sở để kiếm sống > I have towork at two jobs to make ends meet 84 GET THE HOLD OF THE WRONG END OF THE STICK:hiểu nhầm > I think I must explain to her that she gothold of the wrong end of the stick again 85 CUT AND DRIED: cuối cùng, thay đổi,rõ ràng, dễ hiểu > Although a deal has been agreed, it is notyet cut-and-dried 86.STAY/KEEP ON ONE'S TOE: cảnh giác, thận trọng > We hadbetter keep on our toes while we're walking along the dark portions of thisstreet 87 SEE EYE TO EYE:đồng tình > I'm gladthat they see eye to eye on the matter of the conference location 88 HAVE IN MIND:đang suy tính, cân nhắc > I don't wantto see a movie now, I have in mind going to the park 89 A LOST CAUSE: hết hy vọng, không thay đổi đượcgì > It seems that Charles will give it up Isuppose he is a lost cause 90 TO BE BOUND TO: chắn > You're bound to be late if you don't hurry 91.AT HEART: thực chất, (basically, fundamentally) > Jamessometimes seems quite unfriendly but at heart he's a good person 92 TO KNOW BYSIGHT: nhận (recognize) > The womansaid that she would know the thief by sight if she ever saw him again 93 NOW AND THEN =NOW AND AGAIN = AT TIMES = FROM TIME TO TIME = OFF AND ON = ONCE IN A WHILE =EVERY SO OFTEN : sometimes (thỉnh thoảng, không thường xuyên) 94 TO TAKE PAINS: làm việc cẩn thận tận tâm > She takes pains to everything well 95 TO MAKE DO: xoay sở, đương đầu (to manage, tocope) > During difficult economic times, many peoplehave to make with less 96.SELL SOMEONE/ SOMETHING SHORT: đánh giá thấp > When you saythat John isn't interested in music, you're selling him short Did you know heplays the violin quite well? 97 FACE THE MUSIC:chịu trận > Mary broke adining-room window and had to face the music when her father got home 98 LET THE CAT OUTOF THE BAG: để lộ bí mật > I was tryingto keep the party a secret, but Jim went and let the cat outof the bag 99 ON PROBATION: thời gian quản chế > While Anne was on probation, she reported tothe police regularly 100 SELL/ GO LIKE HOT CAKES: bán đắt tôm tươi > The book has only just been published andcopies are already selling like hot cakes in both Britain and America 101.IT NEVER RAINS BUT IT POURS: good or bad things not just happen a few at atime, but in large numbers all at once (họa vô đơn chí) > First of allit was the car breaking down, then the fire in the kitchen and now Mike'saccident It never rains but it pours! 102 SALT ANDPEPPER: màu tóc hoa râm (having a mixture of black and white) > He has asalt and pepper beard 103 A PENNY FOR YOUR THOUGHTS: a way of askingwhat someone is thinking (dùng để hỏi xem họ nghĩ gì) > For several minutes they sat silently, thenfinally she looked at him and said, “A penny for your thoughts, Walter.” (Trongvài phút, họ ngồi im lặng, cuối cô nhìn anh nói: “Anh nghĩ gìmà mê mải thế, Walter.”) 104 HOME AND DRY (adj): êm xuôi, hoàn thành trótlọt (have been successful) > I just have to finish the placement exam,I'm home and dry 105 DOWN AND OUT (adj) : thất lỡ vận > True friends always stand by you when you'redown and out Topic 2: Bài Tập 1 Brian asked Judy to dinner and a movie A out B on C for D of My wife backed me _ over my decision to quit my job A down B up C of D for The racing car _ after it crashed into the fence A blew out B blew over C blew up D blew down Our car at the side of the highway in the snowstorm A broke into B broke away C broke in D broke down Mike _ Alaska, so he's used to cold weather A comes over B comes in C comes across D comes from Jane had a difficult childhood She _ a broken home A came from B came over C came in D came up with The woman _ when the police told her that her son had died A broke down B broke away C broke in D broke into Our teacher broke the final project _ into three separate parts A in B into C away D down Somebody _ last night and stole our stereo A broke off B broke in C broke out D broke up 10 The firemen had to break _ the room to rescue the children A off B up C out D into 11 The bomb _ when he rang the bell A went over B went on C went out D went off 12 No one really believed it when the news came through that the "Titanic" had _ on her maiden voyage A gone over B gone on C gone down D gone off 13 Does this jacket _ my trousers? A go with B go through with C go ahead D go off 14 He _ about his new car all the time A goes over B goes on C goes out D goes off 15 Do you think you could _ this work with me some time, Peter? A go over B go on C go out D go off => Brian asked Judy to dinner and a movie A out B on C for D of My wife backed me _ over my decision to quit my job A down B up C of D for The racing car _ after it crashed into the fence A blew out B blew over C blew up D blew down Our car at the side of the highway in the snowstorm A broke into B broke away C broke in D broke down Mike _ Alaska, so he's used to cold weather A comes over B comes in C comes across D comes from Jane had a difficult childhood She _ a broken home A came from B came over C came in D came up with The woman _ when the police told her that her son had died A broke down B broke away C broke in D broke into Our teacher broke the final project _ into three separate parts A in B into C away D down Somebody _ last night and stole our stereo A broke off B broke in C broke out D broke up 10 The firemen had to break _ the room to rescue the children A off B up C out D into 11 The bomb _ when he rang the bell A went over B went on C went out D went off 12 No one really believed it when the news came through that the "Titanic" had _ on her maiden voyage A gone over B gone on C gone down D gone off 13 Does this jacket _ my trousers? A go with B go through with C go ahead D go off 14 He _ about his new car all the time A goes over B goes on C goes out D goes off 15 Do you think you could _ this work with me some time, Peter? A go over B go on C go out D go off It was the third time in six months that the bank had been held _ A over B down C up D out I always run _ of money before the end of the month A out B back C up D down It's taking me longer to get _ the operation than I thought A through B by C up from D over I've just spent two weeks looking _an aunt of mine who's been ill A at B for C out for D after I've always got _ well with old people A off B on C in D through It's very cold in here Do you mind if I turn _ the heating? A down B away C off D on They've _ a new tower where that old building used to be A put up B put down C pushed up D pushed down Stephen always wanted to be an actor when he up A came B grew C brought D settled The bus only stops here to passengers A alight B get on C get off D pick up 10 If anything urgent comes _, you can contact me at this number A across B by C up D round 11 Your daughter's just started work, hasn't she? How's she getting _? A by B on C out D in 12 We had to turn _ their invitation to lunch as we had a previous engagement A over B out C up D down 13 While driving to work, we ran out gas A up B of C in D to 14 He died heart disease A from B because C of D in 15 The elevator is not running today It is order A to B out C out of D in 16 I explained him what it meant A to B about C over D from 17 Pasteur devoted all his life _ science A for B in C on D to 18 House cats are distantly related _ lions and tigers A in B to C of D about 19 Is this type of soil suitable _ growing tomatoes ? A for B about C in D at 20 Were you aware _ the regulations against smoking in this area ? A in B with C of D about 21 One meter is approximately equal _ a yard A about B on C to D with 22 Jane doesn't spend much money _ clothes A over B about C at D on 23 She always takes good care _ her children A for B in C of D with 24 William insists _ getting up early, even on weekends A on B to C toward D for 25 What does this symbol refer _ ? A on B to C for D toward 26 The accident resulted _ several minor injuries A on B in C of D at 27 Congratulations _ your success! A to B on C in D up 28 Mrs Liz was accused _ having stolen the car A of B with C in D upon 29 We are here to provide you _ the best service possible A of B with C to D for 30 He has been absent _ school very often lately A from B on C in D with 31 Vehicles also account _ air pollution in the cities A on B at C for D in 32 Last night I was invited _ a formal get-together and I enjoyed myself a great deal A to B at C for D about 33 The police blamed the mother _ neglecting her child A to B for C with D of 34 They prevented me _ talking to that woman A from B on C with D at 35 Take the number bus and get at Forest Road A up B down C off D outside 36 If you want to join this club, you must this application form A make up B write down C up D fill in 37 The water company will have to _ off water supplies while repairs to the pipes are carried _ A take/in B cut/out C set/up D break/to 38 He wanted to off all his work before he came to the cinema with us A finish B stop C end D put 39 They were 30 minutes later because their car _ down A got B put C cut D broke 40 That problem is _ them We can't make _ our mind yet A out off/on B up to/up C away from/for D on for/off