Chú ý nH2n+2 Các ankan : CH4, C2H6, C3H8, C4H10 4) 1 9 10 18 35 75 1–C3) • VD1: • 5, C4, C3 VD2: 6H14 C6 • 6, C5, C4 C—C—C—C—C—C • C—C—C—C—C +C1 C (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) C—C—C—C—C C—C—C—C—C +C1 C • 2 +C2 C—C C—C—C—C C—C—C—C C—C—C—C—C C +2C C—C—C—C C C C—C—C—C C—C—C—C C C6H14 hay không 2 VD3: CH3—CH—CH2—CH3 CH3 6H14 A) B) C) D) 7H16 A) (A) B) C) D) (B) CH3 CH3 CH3—C—CH2—CH—CH—CH3 CH3—CH2—C—CH2—CH3 CH3 CH3 (C) CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3—CH2—C—CH2—CH—CH—CH2—CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 A) C) B) D) 6H14 A) B) C) D) 8H18 Chú ý (A) VD4: CH3—CH—CH2—CH2—CH3 CH3 (B) CH3—CH—CH—CH2—CH3 CH3 CH3 (C) CH3—CH—CH—CH2—CH3 CH3 CH2—CH3 (D) CH3—CH—CH—CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3 CH2—CH2—CH3 (E) CH3—CH—CH—CH2—CH3 CH2—CH3 VD5: (a) (b) (c) (d) CH3—CH—CH2—CH3 (e) CH3 cacbon (a), (e) (A) – (E) Danh pháp ankan CTPT CH4 CTCT CH4 C2H6 CH3CH3 C3H8 CH3CH2CH3 C4H10 CH3(CH2)2CH3 butan bón C5H12 CH3(CH2)3CH3 pentan phân C6H14 CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexan hóa C7H16 CH3(CH2)5CH3 heptan C8H18 CH3(CH2)6CH3 octan C9H20 CH3(CH2)7CH3 nonan 10 C10H22 CH3(CH2)8CH3 metan etan em propan "yl" VD: C2H6 2H5 etyl ANKAN phân nhánh (2); tri tetra tên nhánh • • • "," "–" VD6: CH3—CH—CH—CH3 CH3 CH2—CH3 CH3—CH—CH—CH3 CH3 CH2—CH3 5C 2 CH3—CH—CH—CH3 CH3 CH2—CH3 2,3 2,3 3—CH— hay (CH3)2CH– CH3 CH3 3—C— hay (CH3)3C— CH3 CH3 VD7: Ankan CH3—C—CH3 2,2 neopentan CH3 Chú ý (a) CH3—CH—CH2—CH2—CH3 CH3 2H5 metyl (CH3 (b) CH3—CH—CH—CH2—CH3 CH3 CH3 (c) CH3—CH—CH—CH2—CH3 CH3 CH2—CH3 (d) CH3—CH—CH—CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3 CH2—CH2—CH3 (e) CH3—CH—CH—CH2—CH3 CH2—CH3 A (a) 2–metylpropan (b) neopentan (c) 2,3 (d) 2,2 (e) 3–etylpentan (f) 3–etyl–4–metylheptan B (a) 4–etyl–2,3,3–trimetylheptan (b) 3,5 C không A) 2,3 C) B) 2–metylpropan D) VD7: theo danh pháp IUPAC nH2n+2 – %C = 16,67 (%) n : (2n 2) n 2n 83,33 % 16,67 % : 12 1 n 2, 6,94 : 16,67 : 2, 5H12 CH3 CH3—C—CH3 : 2,2 CH3 D E C : mH = 36 : Y cacbon C—C C—H không phân Ankan C1 – C4 Ankan C5 – C18 19 ankan 0,8 gam/ml ANKAN khí (C1 – C4) – C18) 18) F X theo danh pháp IUPAC G Câu C A D C Câu A B C D D E F G CH3 IV CH3 IV II CH3—CH2—C—CH2—CH3 III III CH3—C—CH2—CH—CH—CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 IV III II CH3—CH2—C—CH2—CH—CH—CH2—CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 (CH3)3C–C(CH3)3 5C 5C CH3–CH—CH–CH2–CH3 CH3–CH—CH–CH2–CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2—CH3 CH2–CH2–CH3 CH3–CH—CH–CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3–CH–CH–CH2–CH3 CH3 5C (a) 2–metylpentan (c) 3–etyl–2–metylpentan (e) 4–etyl–3–metylheptan 7C CH2–CH3 ( b) 2,3 (d) 2,3 10 A CH3–CH–CH3 3)3CH CH3 3)4C CH3 CH3–C–CH3 CH3 (c) (CH3)2CH–CH(CH3)2 (d) (CH3)3C–CH2CH3 (e) CH3CH2–CH–CH2CH3 CH3 (f) CH3CH2–CH—CH2CH2CH3 CH3 CH3 B CH3 CH3 CH2—CH3 (a) CH3–CH—C—CH—CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2CH3 CH2CH3 (b) CH3–CH—C—CH2—CH–CH2–CH2–CH3 CH3 D C4H10 E C6H14 F (CH3)3CH G 11 [...]...A CH3–CH–CH3 3)3CH CH3 3) 4C CH3 CH3 C CH3 CH3 (c) (CH3)2CH–CH(CH3)2 (d) (CH3) 3C CH2CH3 (e) CH3CH2–CH–CH2CH3 CH3 (f) CH3CH2–CH—CH2CH2CH3 CH3 CH3 B CH3 CH3 CH2—CH3 (a) CH3–CH C CH—CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2CH3 CH2CH3 (b) CH3–CH C CH2—CH–CH2–CH2–CH3 CH3 D C4 H10 E C6 H14 F (CH3)3CH G 11