i THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines THE TEACHINGS ON PEACE AND HARMONY OF THE 14TH DALAI LAMA AND SELECTED PEACE ADVOCATES A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School Batangas State University Batangas City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major in English By TRAN THI NHI 2015 ii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines iii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines ABSTRACT Title : Teachings on Peace and Harmony of the 14th Dalai Lama and Selected Peace Advocates Author : Tran Thi Nhi Course : Doctor of Philosophy Major : English language and literature Year : 2014 Adviser : Dr Maria Luisa A Valdez Summary There exist myriad problems in the current world which threaten the existence of humanity Violence is accelerating everywhere Ceaseless wars and conflicts are taking place in several regions, killing thousands of people and causing suffering for millions of human beings Furthermore, more and more modern weapons with massive destruction capacity are being produced, threatening the whole mankind in every minute Meanwhile, the world is also faced with terrorism, environmental pollution, racial religious conflicts, political disputes, social and economic inequality, the large gap between the rich and the poor, and diseases and poverty All of these catastrophic events beg the question of how to save humanity iv THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines There has been a great number of peace advocates, including religious figures, political leaders, literary writers and philosophers, who have advocated the teachings of peace and harmony in their books, sermons and speeches All of this has provided a basis for a trend and a growing movement for peace and harmony in modern times This study analyzes the selected works by the 14th Dalai Lama, a modern day leading figure of peace, and three other authors namely Mawlana Rumi, Pope John Paul II and Daisaku Ikeda to explore how peace and harmony is conceptualized by these peace advocates Likewise, the study aims to reveal the universal concepts of peace and harmony shared by the peace advocates as the representatives of different cultures and religions The research also discusses how their common teachings on peace and harmony have been transferred into a global peace movement The study employs the qualitative method of research and sociological and philosophical approaches as the bases for analysis This paper also involves content analysis, which is a systematic technique in analyzing message content and message handling Findings of the study reveal that although these peace movement leaders represent different religions and come from different cultures, they share much in v THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines common in espousing their view on peace as a way of life In this study the author attempts to weave a mosaic of universal and permanent moral values and principles rooted in the teachings of these advocates for peace This mosaic, which promotes a spirit of respecting cultural pluralism, cultivates human good qualities and appraises responsibility, must be integrated in education She proposes the adoption of this new paradigm for living in the modern world vi THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines ACKNOWLEDGMENT The researcher wishes to express her personal thanks and appreciation to those, in one way or another, have helped make this humble work a reality First and foremost, she wishes to thank the Batangas State University and the Thai Nguyen University, for giving her the opportunity to finish this undertaking under their International Academic Cooperation Program Dr Dang Kim Vui, the President of Thai Nguyen University and Dr Le Hong Thang, the Dean of Thai Nguyen School of Foreign Languages, for the motivation and wisdom that helped hasten the completion of this study Dr Maria Luisa A Valdez, the Dean of Colleges and Head of the Graduate School of the Batangas State University ARASOF Nasugbu Campus, the researcher’s dissertation adviser, for her constant encouragement, dedication, and ennobling character which inspired diligent research for the realization of this study Dr Matilda H Dimaano, the Chairman of the Panel of Examiners, and Dr Corazon B Cabrera, the former External Panelist, for their valuable suggestions and criticism which motivated conscientiously the researcher during the conduct of this study vii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Dr Amada G Banaag, Dr Felix M Panopio, and Dr Myrna G Sulit, the Members of the Panel of Examiners, for their thorough dissection and candid remarks that drew up the essential and relevant dimensions in this research Dr Remedios P Magnaye, the Graduate School Secretary, for her words of encouragement and kind gestures The pool of writers whose works were included in this study for posterity, for their emboldened wisdom in every page of this dissertation The researcher’s friends and colleagues at the Thai Nguyen School of Foreign Languages, Vietnam, for their time, advice, and prayers Dr Melvyn Sakaguchi, for setting an example to aspire and for his friendship as well Her husband Luong Viet Cuong and sons Luong Tran Tri Minh and Luong Tran Duc Minh, her parents and parents-in-law, her brothers and sisters for their wholehearted support and encouragement TRAN THI NHI viii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines DEDICATION To my dearest husband, Luong Viet Cuong and my loving twin sons, Luong Tran Tri Minh and Luong Tran Duc Minh, who inspired me to search for the highest values in life TRAN THI NHI ix THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE i APPROVAL SHEET ii ABSTRACT iii ACKNOWLEDGMENT vi DEDICATION viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ix LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………… xi LIST OF MATRICES xii CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM Introduction Statement of the Problem Scope, Delimitation and Limitation of the Study 10 Significance of the Study 11 II REVIEW OF LITERATURE Conceptual Literature 15 Research Literature 41 x THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Synthesis 48 Theoretical Framework 52 Conceptual Framework 56 Definition of Terms 57 III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design 60 Treatment of Materials 61 IV ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 65 V SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Summary of Findings 152 Conclusions 159 Recommendation 160 BIBLIOGRAPHY 172 APPENDICES……………………………………………………… 181 A Summary of the Literary Works……………………………… 182 CURRICULUM VITAE………………………………………………… 193 176 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines Messages on the World Peace Day by Pope John Paul II As a compilation of messages delivered on World Peace Days from 1979 to 2005, the text covers a variety of topics of modern society and its problems with regarding peace and conflict The Pope proposes several solutions to improve the world His ideology has far reached the people from different regions of the world and has helped to erase the gap between different religions and cultures, setting a foundation for building up a world of peace The messages the author conveys include: cultivate compassion and forgiveness; oppose violence and war, war kills people and the environment; respect one another and recognize the rights of others - as individuals and as nations; think of the common good and share rather than compete; seek justice; talk to each other; know thyself - and the other His message insists that all individuals must see and respect the value of human diversity and direct it to the common good Being open-minded, willing and desirous to explore and to accept the cultural heritage of the minority groups will help to get rid of attitudes of prejudice which prevents healthy social relations This process needs continuous fostering because such attitudes may reoccur by the time in new forms Common good is one of the central concepts in the compilation of the messages It closely concerns every person and any of his social relations such as the family, groups, associations, cities, regions, states, the community of peoples and nations Because of social interdependence, each person should constantly look out for and work for the common good for others as if it were of his own 177 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines For the Sake of Peace - Seven Paths to Global Harmony: A Buddhist Perspective by Daisaku Ikeda With the key themes drawn from his 20 years of university lectures and proposals to the United Nations, the book identifies the routes to peace including self-mastery, dialogue and tolerance, and the path of culture The work presents a vision of establishing global peace in both passionate and practical way Ikeda’s work consists of a variety of concepts which he discusses comprehensively Reading the book, a reader can learn about the problems of the world and the ways to achieve global peace from Buddhist perspective They can also better understand the nature of happiness and harmony and how to attain it, human values, and precepts in Nichiren Buddhist philosophy Through the informed and insightful concepts of peace, Ikeda shows his deep understanding of human nature and a fundamental perspective that the human beings are not only the basis of social systems and institutions, but they themselves are also the cause of the problems, and solutions for those problems Addressing the problems confronting the world in the present time, the author discusses the barriers which inhibit the world from making peace These include isolationism, the illusion of efficiency, power greed, poverty, environmental irresponsibility and nuclear negativity In seven chapters of the book, the author proposes solutions for the addressed problems through seven paths to global peace and harmony: the path of self-mastery, the path of dialogue and tolerance, the path of community, the path of culture, the path of nations, the path of global awareness, and the path of disarmament 178 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL DATA Name : NHI THI TRAN Address : Quang Trung ward, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam Date of birth : August 25, 1977 Place of birth: Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam Nationality : Vietnamese Email : nhitnu@gmail.com EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND Graduate Studies : M.A., English Language Teaching College of Foreign Languages Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 2006 Tertiary : B.A, English and Teaching English College of Education Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam, 1999 WORK EXPERIENCE 2012 – present Vice Dean of the School of Foreign Languages, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam 2011 - 2012 Head of English Language Department School of Foreign Languages, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam 2008 – 2011 Deputy Head of English Language Department School of Foreign Languages Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam 1999 - 2008 English Instructor College of Education Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam 179 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines 180 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines 181 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines 182 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines 183 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines 184 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines 185 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines 186 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines iii THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines ABSTRACT Title : Teachings on Peace and Harmony of the 14th Dalai Lama and Selected Peace Advocates Author : Tran Thi Nhi Course : Doctor of Philosophy Major : English language and literature Year : 2014 Adviser : Dr Maria Luisa A Valdez Summary There exist myriad problems in the current world which threaten the existence of humanity Violence is accelerating everywhere Ceaseless wars and conflicts are taking place in several regions, killing thousands of people and causing suffering for millions of human beings Furthermore, more and more modern weapons with massive destruction capacity are being produced, threatening the whole mankind in every minute Meanwhile, the world is also faced with terrorism, environmental pollution, racial religious conflicts, political disputes, social and economic inequality, the large gap between the rich and the poor, and diseases and poverty All of these catastrophic events beg the question of how to save humanity 188 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines FINAL DEFENSE MINUTES CANDIDATE: TRAN THI NHI (SANDY) 1.00 – 2.30 pm 17 December 2014 Title of Dissertation: THE TEACHINGS ON PEACE AND HARMONY OF THE 14TH DALAI LAMA AND SELECTED PEACE ADVOCATES Chairman: Members: Dr Matilda H Dimaano Dr Amada Banaag Dr Felix Panopio External Panel: Secretary: Dr Myrna Sulit Dr RemediosMagnaye Adviser : Dr Maria Luisa Valdez COMMENTS/SUGGESTIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS: Refer to correct formatting for Table of Contents Improve Table of Contents Suggestions for Introduction: Improve Introduction Include in the discussion about the other advocates like Paul and Ikeda; discuss their being peace advocates Do not focus only to Dalai Lama The statement of the problem was not followed in the minutes Revised Statement of the Problem: What are the teachings on peace and harmony held by the 14th Dalai Lama in the following works: 1.1 The Power of Compassion; 1.2 Beyond Religion-Ethics for a Whole World; and 1.3 Ancient Wisdom and Modern World-Ethics for the new Millennium What are the peace concepts that may be drawn from the works of the following peace advocates and their respective works: 2.1 Rumi-Massnavi 2.2 Pope John Paul II-Messages on the World Peace Day 2.3 Daisaku Ikeda-For the Sake of Peace: Seven Paths to Global Harmony 189 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Republic of Vietnam BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines How are the following aspects on the teachings of peace dealt with in the following selections? 3.1 intrapersonal aspect; 3.2 interpersonal aspect; and 3.3 international aspect How may the varied teachings on peace be integrated on a global peace education perspective and program? Revise Significance of the Study It is similar with other candidates Corrections for Chapter II: - Follow correct format in discussing the concepts/constructs Cite references - Introduce the parts of the chapter in the introductory paragraph in Chapter II - Moral approaches in literary criticisms are not included in the discussion in the chapter - Issues regarding peace of John Paul were not discussed comprehensively - Discussions of concepts are very limited Most of the paragraphs cited were copiedverbatimly from the source - Revise mode of discussion for the topic, Peace Education and Culture of Peace Organize paragraphs according to contents - Quoted lines for chapter II should be paraphrased There should be no quoted lines for chapter II Corrections for Research Literature: Provide an introductory paragraph for Research literature Revise the whole research literature; improve mode of presentation and discussion Guides on how to write research literature: Start with the study investigated then proceed to the findings, conclusion and recommendations if there is any One paragraph or two is devoted per study Gorseviski’s study was not cited in the bibliography Suggestions for Synthesis: Synthesis consists only of to paragraphs Start with an introduction, followed by paragraphs for conceptual literature and paragraphs for research literature discussing the similarities and differences of the cited studies to the present study and paragraph for justification that the present study is not duplication of cited studies 10 Revise Theoretical framework Cite theory that serves as the framework of the study 11 Improve Definition of Terms Cite references for the conceptual definition 12 Connect the first and second paragraph of the Research design 190 13 In THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Socialist Vietnam chapter IV, Republic mentionofthe titles of literary BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Republic of the Philippines pieces in the first paragraph 14 For chapter IV, SOP number and number can be first presented in a matrix before the discussion 15 Organized discussion in Chapter IV based on corrected SOP 16 Authors cited in Chapter IV must come from the concepts cited in Chapter II Discuss and answer questions based on the minutes of the pre-oral Improve chapter IV 17 In the output, identify the features/element of a global peace education [...]... Republic of the Philippines Statement of the Problem This study is an analysis of the teachings on peace and harmony of the 14th Dalai Lama and other selected notable peace advocates and to integrate their viewpoints into a global peace education perspective Specifically, the study seeks answers to the following questions: 1 What are the teachings on peace and harmony held by the 14th Dalai Lama in the. .. a basis for a trend and a growing movement for peace and harmony in modern times Because of the importance of this peace movement, the researcher has decided to focus on studying the works of the Dalai Lama and a few other selected advocates of the peace movement to have a holistic view and deeper understanding of the concepts of peace in current time and discuss the implications of this movement for... Delimitation and Limitations of the Study This study analyzes the philosophy of nonviolence as embodied in the selected literary pieces of the 14th Dalai Lama and the selected peace advocates Mawlana Rumi, Pope John Paul II and Daisaku Ikeda and focuses on its implication for peace education This study employs the qualitative method of research in analyzing the selected writings and speeches of the personages... concepts of peace and harmony in their literature classes and open their students’ mind and hearts to the varied teachings on peace that can be integrated on a global peace education perspective Students of Literature This paper will give them an extensive and profound vantage point in life with reference to peace and harmony through the lives and experiences of the authors and the characters in the selected. .. view of identifying the constructs of the study Likewise, the synthesis of literature reviewed, the theoretical and conceptual frameworks as well as the conceptual and operational definitions of terms are included Conceptual Literature The review of the conceptual literature yields four types of constructs, which may be used in the analysis and interpretation of the works to be dissected These constructs... constructs include: the 14th Dalai Lama and his significant works, the other selected peace advocates and their significant works, peace education and culture of peace, and philosophical sociological and moral approaches in literary criticism The 14th Dalai Lama and His Significant Works Born in 1935 as Lhamo Thondup in northeast Tibet, the present Dalai Lama is believed to be the 14th incarnation He was recognized... the principal incarnation of the bodhisattva and patron deity, the Dalai Lama has based on peace and compassion as a principle in treating his own people and even his enemies (Dreifus, 1993) In the role of a spiritual leader, he is the embodiment of Tibetan cultural values and identity For centuries, the institution of the Dalai Lama has been the symbol of the Tibetan national character The Dalai Lama s... twenty-six-years as Pontiff, the Pope delivered the message on peace on the World Peace Day every year from 1979 to 2005 as part of a comprehensive peace agenda The collection of his messages on the Day of Peace consists of 26 topics revolving around the concept of peace and ways to create peace With his deep understanding of human nature and the present day problems, His Holiness proposes suggestions on how to... making relevant the thousand-year wisdom of Buddhism to the specific and practical teachings for the modern life of the new millennium Beside the Dalai Lama, there have been a great number of peace advocates, including religious figures, political leaders, literary writers and philosophers, who have advocated the teachings of peace and harmony in their books, sermons and speeches All of this has provided... again over national boundaries Whatever the reasons for these wars whether threat of invasion, or a political slight, or simply the imposition of political influence or fear of assimilation, or a quest for personal and political freedom, all wars bring consequences - the absolute destruction of the wars, the loss in human resource, the retardation of economic development and the loss of material benefits