CHAPTER 6: CONDENSER Lecturer : ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ OBJECTIVES In this chapter, chapter student st dent can: can -Understand principle of some kind of condensers -Calculate Calculate and chose the condenser met the required capacity 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ REFERENCES [1] Trane document [1] doc ment [2] Kỹ thuật lạnh sở - Nguyễn Đức Lợi 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ CONTENT AIR COOLED CONDENSER EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER WATER COOLED CONDENSER CONDENSER CALCULATION 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ AIR COOLED CONDENSER - The condenser is a heat exchanger that rejects heat from the refrigerant to air, air water, water or some other fluid - The three common types of condensers are air aircooled, water-cooled, and evaporative 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ AIR COOLED CONDENSER - A typical air-cooled condenser uses propellertype fans to draw outdoor air over a finned-tube finned tube heat transfer surface - The temperature difference between the hot refrigerant vapor and the cooler outdoor air induces heat transfer The resulting reduction in the heat content of the refrigerant vapor causes it to condense into liquid - Within Withi the th final fi l few f l lengths th off condenser d t bi tubing (the subcooler), the liquid refrigerant is further cooled below the temperature at which it was condensed 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ AIR COOLED CONDENSER 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ AIR COOLED CONDENSER Air cooled condenser without fan 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ AIR COOLED CONDENSER + Advantage : - It requires very little maintenance and does not require the freeze protection and water treatment that is necessary with a water water-cooled cooled condenser - It is favored in areas that have an inadequate or costly water supply, or where the use of water for air conditioning is restricted + Disadvantage : High condensing pressure 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER A modification of the air-cooled condenser is the evaporative ti condenser d Withi this Within thi device, d i th the refrigerant flows through tubes and air is drawn or blown over the tubes by a fan fan The difference is that water is sprayed on the tube surfaces As the air passes over the coil,, it causes a small p p portion of the water to evaporate This evaporation process absorbs heat from the coil, causing the refrigerant vapor within the tubes to condense The remaining water then falls to the sump to be recirculated and used again again 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 10 WATER COOLED CONDENSER 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 17 WATER COOLED CONDENSER 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 18 WATER COOLED CONDENSER + Vertical shell-tube condenser : 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 19 WATER COOLED CONDENSER +Vertical shell-tube condenser: 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 20 WATER COOLED CONDENSER + Tube in tube water cooled condenser: compact but it is difficult to clean out scale inside compact, 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 21 WATER COOLED CONDENSER + Plate condenser : - The refrigerant enters at top left of the exchanger as hot gas and starts to condense on the surface of the channels until fullyy condensed,, and is then slightly subcooled The process is called "free condensation" - In I the h enclosed l d condenser d picture i the h light li h and dark blue arrows show the location of the brine connections The refrigerant flows counter current in connections the opposite channel and is cooled The light and dark red arrows indicate the locations of the refrigerant connections 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 22 WATER COOLED CONDENSER 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 23 WATER COOLED CONDENSER + Advantage of PHX: - Compact and high efficiency - Easy to increase capacity by inserting plates into that;; and vice versa + Disadvantage : - Not easy to clean out water scale 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 24 CONDENSER CALCULATION 1/ Condenser heat transfer area calculation: Energy balance equation: Qk=k.F.∆T , (W) k : Overal heat transfer coefficient,, ((W/m2.K ) (We can use the experience of design table ) F : heat transfer area, (m2) ∆T T : logarit l i temperature difference diff + Note : We assume that water in and out are equal with evaporative condenser ∆T=tk-tw 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 25 CONDENSER CALCULATION 2/ Experience of heat transfer coefficience table 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 26 CONDENSER CALCULATION + Note : For exactly, we have to find out in manufacture catalogue catalogue We can follow these ways: Method : Follow manufacture catalogue-> Real Qk Method : Calculate heat transfere coefficient >F 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 27 CONDENSER CALCULATION Example: Gao Xiang condenser catalogue http://www zjgaoxiang com/en/productsd php?pid=4 http://www.zjgaoxiang.com/en/productsd.php?pid=4 63 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 28 CONDENSER CALCULATION 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 29 CONDENSER CALCULATION 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 30 CONDENSER CALCULATION 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 31 [...]... [29°C] 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 16 WATER COOLED CONDENSER 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 17 WATER COOLED CONDENSER 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 18 WATER COOLED CONDENSER + Vertical shell-tube condenser : 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 19 WATER COOLED CONDENSER +Vertical shell-tube condenser: 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser. .. coefficient >F 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 27 CONDENSER CALCULATION Example: Gao Xiang condenser catalogue http://www zjgaoxiang com/en/productsd php?pid=4 http://www.zjgaoxiang.com/en/productsd.php?pid=4 63 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 28 CONDENSER CALCULATION 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 29 CONDENSER CALCULATION 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn... Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 14 WATER COOLED CONDENSER + Shell-tube water cooled condenser 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 15 WATER COOLED CONDENSER - After the warm water leaves the condenser, it must either be disposed of (as in the case of using water from a well) or it must be cooled before it can be reused by the condenser condenser In this example, example the condenser. .. logarit l i temperature difference diff + Note : We assume that water in and out are equal with evaporative condenser ∆T=tk-tw 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 25 CONDENSER CALCULATION 2/ Experience of heat transfer coefficience table 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 26 CONDENSER CALCULATION + Note : For exactly, we have to find out in manufacture catalogue catalogue We... Hot water drop p to the sump; p; and drain out partly; then it is compensated by cool wate 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 12 EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 13 WATER COOLED CONDENSER - The shell-and-tube is the most common type of water-cooled condenser With this design, water is pumped through the tubes while the refrigerant vapor fills the... h enclosed l d condenser d picture i the h light li h and dark blue arrows show the location of the brine connections The refrigerant flows counter current in connections the opposite channel and is cooled The light and dark red arrows indicate the locations of the refrigerant connections 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 22 WATER COOLED CONDENSER 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn... CONDENSER +Vertical shell-tube condenser: 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 20 WATER COOLED CONDENSER + Tube in tube water cooled condenser: compact but it is difficult to clean out scale inside compact, 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 21 WATER COOLED CONDENSER + Plate condenser : - The refrigerant enters at top left of the exchanger as hot gas and starts to condense on...EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER We can subcool the liquid by using some length of pipe submerged in the water sump or on the path of air flow 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 11 EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER + Evaporative condenser without fan : Water poured from the top to the surface of tube; then evaporate by adding heat from condenser Hot water drop p to the sump; p;... 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 23 WATER COOLED CONDENSER + Advantage of PHX: - Compact and high efficiency - Easy to increase capacity by inserting plates into that;; and vice versa + Disadvantage : - Not easy to clean out water scale 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 24 CONDENSER CALCULATION 1/ Condenser heat transfer area calculation: Energy balance equation: Qk=k.F.∆T... Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 28 CONDENSER CALCULATION 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 29 CONDENSER CALCULATION 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 30 CONDENSER CALCULATION 12/2015 Chapter 6: Condenser - ThS.Nguyễn Duy Tuệ 31