Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
Nowadays, the oily industry in Japan has problems, the degree of selfsufficiency in edible oil is only 3% and most of them is imported from abroad. Beside, biodiesel industry has become important due to the shortage of the fossil oil and increasing awareness of environmental issue. However, use of sustainable biomass for biodiesel production is undoubtedly a globally attractive field of biofuels study as the interest in alternative energy source increase.
Homework ADVANCED COURSE OF GLYCOBIOLOGY AND GLYCOTECHNOLOGY Pham Khanh Dung - D1 Explain my research interest Nowadays, the oily industry in Japan has problems, the degree of self-sufficiency in edible oil is only 3% and most of them is imported from abroad Beside, biodiesel industry has become important due to the shortage of the fossil oil and increasing awareness of environmental issue However, use of sustainable biomass for biodiesel production is undoubtedly a globally attractive field of biofuels study as the interest in alternative energy source increase Traditional production of biodiesel is based on plants oils, animal fats and waste oils resulting in competition with the agriculture and food industry Therefore, it is primarily necessary to insure that triacylglycerol ( TAG) can be produced continually without affecting food security in the world Recently, the scientists are paying their attention into microorganisms which is capable to accumulate oil in the body Some oleaginous microorganisms have been reported to have their exceptional ability in converting carbohydrates into lipids including TAG that subsequently could be accumulated in cell Yeast exhibit advantage for lipid product over other source Namely, their duplication times is usually lower than one hour, they are far less affected than plant by season or climate conditions, and their cultures are more easily scale up than those of microalgae In specially oleaginous yeast R toruloides can accumulate lipids to above 70% of its dry cell weight from monosaccharaides In addition, their growth is not in competition either with food, feed crops, or with agricultural land To carry out more effective lipid production by R toruloides for industrial use, it is essential to elucidate lipid production mechanism of R toruloides In our research, we created mutant strains and comparing genes of mutants and wild type strains to find genes involved in lipid accumulation Summarize the article: Glycome Diagnosis of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Lectin Microarray Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can now be produced from various somatic cell (SC) lines by ectopic expression of the four transcription factors Base on many aspects, cell surface glycans are considered to be ideal targets for analyzing or identifying the phenotype of each cell in a direct manner They performed a systematic analysis of cell surface glycans of a large set of human iPSCs (114 cell types) and ESCs (9 cell type) using a high density lectin microarray The obtained results, undifferentiated iPSCs and ESCs were clustered as one large group, however, they were clearly separated from the group of differentiated SCs, whereas the four SCs had apparently distinct glycome profiles from one another, demonstrating that SCs with originally distinct glycome profiles have acquired those similar to ESCs upon induction of pluripotency Among the 38 selected lectins to exam how glycan structures altered during the induction of pluripotency, 35 lectins were categorized into six groups based on their glycan binding specificities, from which glycan alterations having occurred upon induction of pluripotency were estimated, whereas the lectins with broader specificities (wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a Sia binder; rRSIIL and aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL), broad Fuc binders) were not included in this categorization Beside, following the result obtained by lectin and DNA microarrays, they concluded that the expression of α2-6-sialylation, α1-2-fucosylation, and type LacNAc is increased, whereas that of α2-3-sialylation and tetra-antennary N-glycans is decreased upon induction of pluripotency Next, rBC2LCN was selected as the best lectin probe to evaluate pluripotency among the 96 lectins rBC2LCN could be used to probe glycoproteins and possibly all glycoconjugate carrying Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GlcNAc(GalNAc), whereas antiSSEA3 and anti-SSEA4 specially target glycosphingolipids Thus, this lectin could be a versatile probe to evaluate pluripotency It was concluded that the high density lectin microarray has proved to be valid for not only comprehensive analysis of glycans but also diagnosis of stem cells under the concept of the cellular glycome