THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY  - NGUYEN THI TRANG Topic title: “ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AT CAO BANG CEMENT FACTORY IN DUYET TRUNG COMMUNE, CAO BANG CITY, CAO BANG PROVINCE” BACHELOR THESIS Mode of study : Full-time Major : Environmental Science and Management Faculty : International Training and Development Center Batch : 2010 - 2015 Thai Nguyen, 2015 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY  - NGUYEN THI TRANG Topic title: “ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AT CAO BANG CEMENT FACTORY IN DUYET TRUNG COMMUNE, CAO BANG CITY, CAO BANG PROVINCE” BACHELOR THESIS Mode of study : Full-time Major : Environmental Science and Management Faculty : International Training and Development Center Class : K42 AEP Year : 2010 – 2015 Supervisor : Assoc.Prof DO THI LAN Thai Nguyen, 2015 Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree program Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science and Management Student name Nguyen Thi Trang Student ID DTN1054120166 Assessment of current environmental quality at Cao Bang Thesis title Cement Factory in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province Supervisor Assoc.Prof Do Thi Lan Abstract In recent years, environmental pollution is becoming worse Environmental protection is essential, especially for industrial areas Cao Bang Cement Factory is in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang province where the environment is being polluted Therefore, we have studied the establishment of “Assessment of current environmental quality at Cao Bang Cement Factory in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province " The aim of the study is to assess the current sources of environmental pollution in Cao Bang cement factory and having measures to protect the environment as well Therefore, that citizen can study and work in a safe and clean environment In addition, this enables students to enhance their knowledge, awareness, and responsibility for the environment We conducted to collect documents, take samples to analyze the environmental quality Analyzing criteria of environment in Cao Bang factory, we considered it as the basis of evaluating the current state of the environment The results of analyzing air sampled showed that all the targets are within the permissible limits except the noise in cement works is quite high (86.1 dBA) exceeds 1.1 dBA Moreover, analysis of wastewater sampled in the factory in comparisons with QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT (National technical regulation on industrial waste water) showed that pollutants in waste water that are much smaller than the regulation allows However, index numbers are still quite high such as the percentage of Mn is 0.641 mg/l while allowed standard is mg/l From results above, we can see that the environmental quality is severely polluted, so we have increased the effective solutions to minimize negative impacts on the environment, especially air environment Simultaneously, there are best solutions to minimize effects to local people as well as workers Keywords Environmental quality, Environmental pollution, Environmental protection, Citizen, Awareness, Assessment Number of pages pages Date of submission January 15, 2015 I ACKNOWLEGDEMENT Firstly, I would like to say thanks to Assoc.Prof Do Thi Lan, my research supervisors, enthusiastic encouragement and useful critiques of this research work It has contributed immensely to the evolution of my ideas to complete my project on schedule Secondly, I would also like to extend my thanks to the technicians of Cao Bang Environmental Protection Agency who help in offering me the resources related to project Finally, I wish to thank my family for their support and encouragement throughout my study A special thanks to all those other persons who helped me in completing this report During the process of completing project, mistake is inevitable Thanks so much! II TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background and rationale 1.2 Objectives of study .2 1.2.1 To assess the current environment 1.2.2 To analize the sites which are exited and limited in manegement of environmental quality 1.2.3 To propose the solutions in environmental protection .2 1.3 Significations of the study 1.3.2 Practical significance PART II: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Scientific basis of topics .5 2.1.1 Theoretical basis 2.1.2 Scientific basis .7 2.2 Factual basis 2.2.1 Status of research on the quality of air in the world 2.2.2 Status of research on the quality of air in Vietnam .10 2.2.3 Current environment in Cao Bang province 11 2.2.4 Overall assessment overview 12 PART III: METHODOLOGY 13 3.1 Subjects and study area 13 3.1.1 Research subject 13 3.1.2 Scope of study .13 3.2 Location and time .13 3.3 Contents 13 III 3.4 Research Methodologies 13 3.4.1 Methods of collecting secondary data 13 3.4.2 Methods of sampling and laboratory analysis 14 3.4.3 Methods of data processing 15 3.4.4 Integrated approach, comparing 15 PART IV: RESULTS 16 4.1 General information about Cao Bang Cement 16 4.1.1 Natural Conditions .16 4.2 Basic information about factory 19 4.2.1 The information about operation 19 4.2.2 Overview of scale, performance, and activities related to environment 20 4.3 Current environment at Cao Bang Cement 25 4.3.1 Air environment 28 4.3.2 Water environment 30 4.3.3 Solid waste 33 4.4 Environmental protection of the cement factory in Cao Bang 34 4.4.2 Exited measures in environmental protection in the operation of plan .44 4.5 Proposed solutions to reduce environmental pollution for Cao Bang Cement factory 44 4.5.1 Management Solutions 44 4.5.2 Technical Solutions .46 4.5.3 Propaganda and education solutions 47 PART V: CONCLUSION AND PETITION 48 5.1 Conclusion 48 BIBLIOGRAPHY .Error! Bookmark not defined IV LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1: Locations where monitor air quality at Cao Bang Cement Factory 14 Table 4.1 Gaseous components .26 Table 4.2 Identify sources of negative impacts on the environment and subjected to impact in the production phase 27 Table 4.3 the monitoring result of air environment in factory’s area 28 Table 4.4 The monitoring result of air environment surrounding factory’s area 29 Table 4.5 The analysized result of wastewater of factory 31 Table 4.6 The analysized result of water quality of the factory 32 Table 4.7 The components of solid waste from living activities 33 V LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4.1 Geographic location of Cao Bang Cement Factory 16 Figure 4.2 Raw grinding system KMP 60-5 37 Figure 4.3 Precipitator’s system JLMC 82-9 40 37 Figure 4.3 Raw grinding system KMP 60-5 38 Flow chart Silo stores raw materials Air compressor Going out Balances Gas furnace Band conveyor Attrition mill Dust chatcher by haversack KMP 60-5 Máng khí động sau nghiền XZ 315 Bucket conveyor of coarse grain TH 400 Screw LS 315 Separator Bucket conveyor of close grain TH 400 Storage silo Legend: The main road The road of exhaust fumes with dust The road of exhaust fumes which ais treated Exhaut fan 39 Description: Dust were collected inside the cloth bag filter system KMP 60-5 thanks to fan inlet Due to the impact between the bag and the air pressure, blow compressed air into the inner end of each work cycle Smoke is dissolved and passed through a cloth bag under the blower goes into the environment, and the dust are kept falling into receiving hopper Then it is passed through the dust collectors LS 315, be transported to the bucket TH 400 and shipped to the storage silo After installed and put into operation, the dust filter operates very well, not only contribute to reduce the environmental pollution, but also increase the yield of raw mill equipment up to 30% c Stage in furnace - Time to start construction: 01/06/2012 - Complete installation type of bag filter system JLMC 84-9 - Choose the new installation of the system for 02 kilns of clinker, select dust catcher JLMC 84-9 according to the European standards advanced technology - The basic specs of dust filter bag KMP 60-5: + Polyester bag: Ø130 x 6000mm: 756 ones + Blower motor: 132 KW + Flow Fan: 120 000 m3/h + Pressure = 3800Pa + Filter area: 1765 m2 - Time completed and put into use: 30/08/2012 40 Figure 4.3 Precipitator’s system JLMC 82-9 Flow chart Flue dust No.1 Flue dust No.2 Bụi băng xích, kẹp hàm lò Filter dust by haversack JLMC 84-9 Bucket conveyor TH 400 Screw LS 315 and VT 300 Storage silo Going out Bụi băng xích, kẹp hàm lò Exhaut fan Air compressor Legend: The main road The road of exhaust fumes with dust The road of exhaust fumes which ais treated 41 Discription: Hazes were collected inside by the fan inlet JLMC 84-9 Due to the impact between the bag and the air pressure which is inside the air blows after each work cycle, smoke is dissolved and passed through a cloth bag under the blower goes into the environment After installed and put into operation, the dust filter operates very well, not only contribute to reduce the environmental pollution 4.4.1.2 Measures to minimize negative impacts on the water environment Wastewater treatment diagram in the West The cooling water Canal Water line Over water Rainfall Tank 200m3 Reuse for production Tank 20m3 Streams Discription: Water which is used for cooling equipment, living This type of water is no turbin and reuse for production Excess water goes down the drain overflow and Na Lung stream There are two tanks with volume of 20m3 and 200m3 cleaned regularly by machine 42 4.4.1.3 Measures to minimize negative impacts of generated solid waste on the environment - Solid waste from living activities: be collected in safety container Company already signed a contract with Development Investment and Environment Company for collection and treatment - Solid waste from manufacturing: be collected to reuse - Hazardous waste: be collected in safety containers In addition, the company also applied a number of different solutions to communication and education to raise awareness of environmental protection, such as: - Establish rules of order, hygiene and environmental protection in the collective workers and factories - To launch movements of hygiene and environmental protection in the factory - Guidance classifications for officers and employees of the Company 4.4.1.4 Measures to minimize the impact of noise and vibration - Using spring or caoutchouc to reducing large vibratory from large machines All these devices are moving dynamic balance during installation - Design of plant and machinery manufacturing system to ensure noise and vibration that allows to set standards, and ensure sound insulation between the production area to the work area and the area outside of the factory - In addition, there are regular routine checks equipments which create noise, equipped with anti-noise devices for workers such as ear plugs, masks, hats, glasses - For employees working in rock drilling unit, should take measures to prevent occupational diseases and health protection as follows: 43 + To watch for the health of workers + Ensure that the working mode and the rest as prescribed work with devices with vibration of the hospital work wear + Equipment of anti-vibration gloves for workers + Organization of career guidance and supplemental routine 4.4.1.5 Measures to prevent and minimize the environmental risks a Disaster Prevention - Develop and apply production plans in accordance with the characteristics of the natural conditions in the area - There are plans to arrange temporary accommodation for workers who cannot go on during the rainy b Minimize environmental risks - Check regularly and have plans to promptly remedy the problem of environmental equipment, technology equipment - Have good announcements when occor blasting - When there is a problem of environmental risks occurring, they may need to stop operation of the equipment, evacuation of people from the location of the incident and conduct troubleshooting - When labor accidents or environmental incidents related to the plant, the plant will be reported to the authorities jointly handled 44 4.4.2 Exited measures in environmental protection in the operation of plan Factory made basic measures to reduce environmental pollution and the measures have been significantly minimized the environment However, there are still some shortcomings in the environmental protection of the plant, such as: - There are still no measures to protect and store the soil environment after mining and manufacturing - There are no measures to protect the soil environment of the area - Measures to reduce dust has mainly done in the factory area, should take measures to reduce dust during transportation of materials, ores, on the road to limit the impact on local people - For measures to reduce water pollution, the factory has done quite well, but the air environment has not yet to bring the best performance - No measures to reduce noise pollution in the region's manufacturing plant efficiently, especially drunk crushing area 4.5 Proposed solutions to reduce environmental pollution for Cao Bang Cement factory 4.5.1 Management Solutions * For the functional units - Inspection, testing and production business, and using of resources should be conducted regularly at all levels to detect violations to handle timely correction Strengthening capacity for environmental monitoring, dedicated funding to maintain proper operation of environmental monitoring, establish mechanisms to share and exchange information with the national monitoring system, with management agencies and research institutions to build environmental database on the status and changes in environmental quality in the area for serving environmental management and socioeconomic development 45 - Using of economic instruments in environmental management including the promulgation and enforcement of taxes, environmental protection fees, etc… Economic instruments will facilitate the company proactively plan for environmental protection and compliance through integrated environmental protection costs in the cost of production, sales This measure is being applied more and given satisfactory results - Increasing investment in environmental research and activities which are used to develop socioeconomic, with special focus on economic cost-benefit calculations in environmental impact assessment for the investment projects, policy, planning, development plans - For local government management where necessary to monitor, should have more close management * For cement factory - Maintaining of environmental pollution monitoring and reporting to the authorities as a basis for environmental management - There are part-time officers in charge of the safety issues of labor and environmental issues - Developing plans for prevention and remedying of environmental incidents - Building regulations on environmental - Adding environmental management department to directly handle, collecting environmental issues such as air, water, hazardous waste, waste - Applying the technology which produces less impact on the environment 46 4.5.2 Technical Solutions Maintaining the positive aspects of environmental protection at the factory In addition, strict compliance with the regulation of production and application of innovative technologies in the production process in order to minimize the impact on the environment - Cleaner production measures: + Reduce waste sources: Maintenance of good machinery, successful implementation of regulations to prevent leakage and spillage, enhance the effectiveness of rules in work (in accordance with the inspection and proper training Check process better: Modification of rules work, the rules in operating machinery and resuming recording to the technology process in order to have higher performance and generated less waste + Recycling: Reuse of waste materials in the same technological process or there are effective applications in another process in the company + Improved product: the product can be improved in order to minimize the environmental impact 47 4.5.3 Propaganda and education solutions Communication and education measures have a huge role in reducing environmental pollution, so the company should proceed as follows: Organization of annual education which is strictly observed the rules of the company for officials and employees Creating conditions for the employees to understand the importance of reducing environmental pollution and accident prevention, and environmental incidents To create employees’ responsibility to environmental protection Organization of short-term training courses on the environment through the activities of organizations, associations Organization of the general session in the new year's sanitation plant, World Environment Day and other occasions Through that education for environmental protection consciousness 48 PART V CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION 5.1 Conclusion The result of the study showed that the environment in factory is quite good Analysis of air sampled in the factory in comparisons with TCVN 7365: 2003, QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT, QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT, QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT (National Technical Regulation on industrial air quality) indicates that: All the targets are within the permissible limits except the noise in cement works is quite high (86.1 dBA) exceeds 1.1 dBA Analysis of wastewater sampled in the factory in comparisons with QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT (National technical regulation on industrial waste water) showed that pollutants in waste water that are lower than the regulation allows However, index numbers are still quite high such as the percentage of Mn is 0.641 mg/l while allowed standard is mg/l 5.2 Discussion However, on the basis of understanding the natural characteristics, socioeconomic, environmental status, and evaluating the effectiveness of waste management system, the impact of cement factory on environment and the measures for that: Cao Bang Cement factory is operated for a long time (1997) with outdated the equipment and operating facilities Although the operation of the plant is bringing socioeconomic benefits, the negative impact on the environment is still not inevitable Thus, managers in Cao Bang Cement factory had solutions to protect environment that including: the measures to minimize negative impacts on the environment, especially air environment Simultaneously, there are best solutions to minimize effects to local people as well as workers 49 REFERENCES Abu-allaban and Abu-Qudais (2011) Aerosol and Air Quality Reseach, 11:802-810 Cao Bang Cement Join Stock Company – Construction (2013) The result of pollution treatment report based on the Decision No.990/QD-UBND of Cao Bang Cement Company on 24/04/2013 Cao Bang Cement Factory Cao Bang Environmental Protection Agency – Ministry of Resource and Environment (2006) Current situation of National environmental report State Publishing House Cao Bang Environmental Protection Agency (2010) Assessment of Cao Bang current situation of environment report Cao Bang Department of Resource and Environment Grady, C.P.L, Jr., and H.C Lim (1980) Biological Waste Water Treatment, Marcel Dekker, New York Hien, H.T & Ly, B.S (2007) Air environmental protection Publisher of Construction Khoa, L.V, Quynh, N.X & Viet, N.Q (2013) Environmental chemical indicators Ha Noi Educational Publishing House Metcalf, Eddy (2003) Technical wastewater treatment and reuse McGraw Hill New York Ministry of Resource and Environment (2005) Decision No 22/2006/QD-BTNMT on the application of ISO on environment Publisher of Labor-Social, Ha noi Nong, N.N & Phuong, D.T.H (2006) Lecture of environmental management Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, pp.11 Resource and Environment Research Center (1997) Report on environmental impact assessment of the Cao Bang Cement Factory Ha Noi National University 50 The National Assembly of Viet Nam (2005) Environmental Protection Law Politic Publisher, pp.7 Quy, V (2011) Some problems of Global Environment Ha Noi National University World Summit Conference and Sustainable Development (2002) Jonhannesburg & Khoa, L.V (2001) Environmental Science Publisher of Education FICO Cement (2013) An overview of Cement Industry in Viet Nam Retrieved from http://ximangfico.com/tin-tuc/xi-mang/3044-tong-quan-nganh-cong- nghiep-xi-mang-viet-nam.html?language=en (Accessed on 22/10/2014) Hoa Binh Magazine, Science – Technology – Environment Column (2013) Current situation of environmental pollution in Vinh Son Cement Factory Retrieved from http://www.baohoabinh.com.vn/28/81122/Tinh_trang_o_nhiem_moi_truong_o_ Nha_may_xi_mang_Vinh_Son.htm (Accessed on 28/10/2014) Environmental Protection Column (2014) Effort in reducing greenhouse gases Retrieved from http://www.moitruong.com.vn/Home/Default.aspx?portalid=33&tabid=19&distid=15 793 (Accessed on 25/11/2014) [...]... in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province 3.2 Location and time - Location of study: At the Cao Bang Cement Factory in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province - Duration of conduct: From Sep, 2014 to Dec, 2014 3.3 Contents - Natural and social conditions in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province - Current ambient environment in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang. .. environmental quality at Cao Bang Cement Factory in Duyet Trung Commune, Cao Bang City, Cao Bang Province is a necessity for both living species and environment 13 PART III METHODOLOGY 3.1 Subjects and study area 3.1.1 Research subject The quality of air, water and soil at the Cao Bang Cement Factory in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province 3.1.2 Scope of study At the Cao Bang Cement Factory in. .. board of directors of International Development and Training Centers - Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, along with the direct guidance of Asso Prof Do Thi Lan, I conduct research project Assessment of Current Environmental Quality at Cao Bang Cement Factory in Duyet Trung Commune, Cao Bang City, Cao Bang Province to support the management of environmental protection of Government in. .. concluding the environmental quality surrounding area of factory for suggests the solutions in environmental protection 16 PART IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 General information about Cao Bang Cement factory 4.1.1 Natural Conditions 4.1.1.1 Geographical location Cao Bang Cement Factory that is located in the South of Bang Giang River, far from Cao Bang city about 6 km to the southeast, located in Duyet Trung. .. the operation of the plant are bringing socioeconomic benefits, the negative impact on the environment is still not inevitable Therefore, the review of the status of ambient air quality in Cao Bang Province is very interesting Stemming from these problems and realizing the importance of the evaluation of the current environmental quality with the adoption by consensus of the managing board of the University,... contain waste water from factory River network area not only provide water for the plant, but also significant in regulating climate (The detailed Environmental Impact Assessment Report) 4.1.2 Economic Conditions - Cao Bang cement factory and two materials quarries including Na Lung limestone quarry and Na Doong clay quarry are located in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang province 19 - Infrastructure: + In. .. lower than Standard in Vietnam The concentration of SO2 at the center of the districts is not much volatility The concentration of SO2 in the city has tended to increase in two years Through evaluation report on environmental impact of Cao Bang province in 2010, forecasting air pollution by 2020 the province of Cao Bang will depend largely on the scope and scale of development zones industrial, urban... monitoring of factory at Agency of Environmental Protection - Regulation documents in environmental management - Environmental Standard in Vietnam - Process of producing 3.4.2 Methods of sampling and laboratory analysis We are taken 6 samples to analyze and evaluate the environmental quality: 2 samples of water, and 4 samples of air The date: 25/04/2014 Table 3.1: Locations where monitor air quality at Cao. .. durable, no tearing, breakage during packing and shipping for sale 25 4.3 Current environment at Cao Bang Cement With the inherent characteristics of the industrial production line is always generated waste, the operation of the plant is no exception to this rule, causing negative environmental impacts The main types of waste generated from the operation of the plant include: - Wastewater: + In the production... cannot in reflect the entire of pollution - The study solely mentions to the wastewater and air of Cao Bang Cement Factory in short term of early 6 months in 2014 1.6 Definitions This study assesses the status of wastewater and air environment of Cao Bang Cement Factory on early 6 months in 2014 peroids in order to determine the impact of wastewater and emission to the environment Therefore, a number of ... air, water and soil at the Cao Bang Cement Factory in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province 3.1.2 Scope of study At the Cao Bang Cement Factory in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city,. .. Natural and social conditions in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province - Current ambient environment in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province - Current state of. .. Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province 3.2 Location and time - Location of study: At the Cao Bang Cement Factory in Duyet Trung commune, Cao Bang city, Cao Bang province - Duration of conduct: From