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Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh CHUN ĐỀ E0 7: ĐỌC HIỂU ĐOẠN VĂN BÀI HINTS FOR READING PRACTICE Set aside time each day Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some specific regular activity It may be a free period or a regular wait, stay in the queue for a bus or meal- even while eating breakfast One famous surgeon always made it a rule to spend at least 15 minutes on general reading before he went to sleep each night Whether he went to bed at 10:00 p m or 2:30 a.m made no difference Even if you cannot keep to this kind of discipline, it is a good idea to make sure you always have a general interest book in your pocket Don’t forget it should be a book which entertains you and the English must not be too difficult for you Checking your progress through pacing Nearly all speed reading courses have a “pacing” element- some timing device which lets the student know how many words a minute he is reading You can this simply by looking at your watch every or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached How you know when minutes have passed on your watch if you are busy reading the book? Well, this is difficult at first A friend can help by timing you over a set period Pace yourself every three or four days, always with the same kind of easy, general interest book You should soon notice your habitual w p m rate creeping up Check comprehension Obviously there is little point in increasing your w p m rate if you not understand what you are reading When you are consciously trying to increase your reading speed, stop after every chapter (if you are reading a novel) or every section or group of ten or twelve pages (if it is a textbook) and ask yourself a few questions about what you have been reading If you find you have lost the thread of the story, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what was said, re- read the section or chapter “Lightening speed” exercise Take or pages in the general interest book you happen to be reading at the time Read them as fast as you possibly can Do not bother about whether you understand or not Now go back and read them at what you feel to be your normal w p m rate, the rate at which you can comfortably understand After a “lightening speed” read through (probably around w p m) you will usually find that your normal speed has increasedperhaps by as much as 50- 100 w p m E07 001: The passage recommends setting aside for reading practice… A hours a day B hour a day C 15 or half an hour a day D times a day before meal E07 002: One famous surgeon always made it a rule to read… A for 15 minutes at 10 p m each night B at least 15 minutes at bedtime C at least 15 minutes at either 10 p m or 30 a m D whether he had a spare moment E07 003: It’s a good idea always to carry in your pocket… A a book you will never forget Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page1 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh B a serious book C several books of various kinds D an easy and entertaining English book E07 004: A “pacing” device… A times a student’s reading speed B is not included in most speed reading course C is an aid to vocabulary learning D should be used whenever we read alone E07 005: Looking at your watch every or 10 minutes… A avoids the need for reading faster B is not the same as pacing C is not easy at first D helps you to remember the page number you were at last time E07 006: The passage recommends pacing yourself… A every days with different kinds of books B every or days with the same kind of book C every week with the same kind of book D as often as you read a book E07 007: When you are reading a novel the passage advises you to pause to check the content… A every chapter B every hour C every or pages D after every page E07 008: The purpose of pausing for thought every so often is to… A rest the eyes B make sure you have not missed any pages C make sure you really understand what you have read D prevent brain fatigue E07 009: If you have lost the thread of a story you are reading, the passage recommends… A choosing an easier book B glancing back over the chapter you have just read C asking a friend to help you with the difficult words D learning the previous chapter by heart E07 010: The purpose of the lightening speed exercise is to… A increase your normal speed by practicing at a very high rate B get through the book in half the time so that you can go on to the next C help you understand more of the content of the book D enable you to win reading races against your friends BÀI As computers have become powerful tools for the rapid and economic production of pictures, computer graphics has emerged as one of the most rapidly growing fields in computer science It is used routinely in such diverse areas as business industry, art government, education, research, training and medicine One of the initial uses of computer graphics, and ultimately its greatest use, has been as an aid to design, generally referred to as computer- aid design (CAD) One of its greatest advantages is that designers can see how an object will look after construction and make changes freely and much more quickly than hand drafting For three- dimensional rendering of machine parts, engineers now rely heavily on CAD Automobile, spacecraft, aerospace and ship designers use CAD techniques to design vehicles and test their performance Building Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page2 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh designs are also created with computer graphic systems Architects can design a building layout, create a three- dimensional model, and even go for a simulated “walk” through the rooms or around the outside of the building Business graphics is another rapidly growing area of computer graphics, where it is used to create graphs, charts and cost models to summarize financial, statistical, mathematical, scientific and economic data As an educational aid, computer graphics can be used to create weather maps and cartographic materials Computer art also has creative and commercial art applications, where it is used in advertising, publishing, and film productions, particularly for computer animation, which is achieved by a sequential process E07 011: What does the passage mainly discussed? A Routine uses of computers B Computer graphic applications C The rapidly growing field of computer science D Computers as the architects of future E07 012: According to the passage, architects use CAD to… A Inspect building B create graphs C make cartographic materials D create three- dimensional models E07 013: The word “emerged” in the passage is closet meaning to… A Sunk B vanished C appeared D rose E07 014: The word “diverse” in the passage means… A Various B different C plentiful D countable E07 015: Engineers use CAD for… A A simulated “walk” through model rooms B Rendering machine parts C Making cost models D Advertising E07 016: The word “ultimately” in the passage can be replaced by… A Only B mainly C solely D merely E07 017: Which of the following is not mentioned as a use of computer graphic in business? A Charts B Cost model C Graphs D Hiring E07 018: The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about… A Computer animation B flight training C cost model D applications of CAD in medicine E07 019: Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage? A Computer graphics is a rapidly growing field in computer science B Computers have been widely used for diagnosing illnesses in the world today C CAD technique is used in designing automobiles D One of many applications of computers is that they use computers to make films E07 020: According to the passage, the computers are used in the following areas but… A Medical field B space exploration C commerce D architecture BÀI Are organically grown foods are the best food choices? The advantages claimed for such foods over conventionally grown and marketed food products are now being debated Advocates of organic foods- a term whose meaning varies greatly- frequently proclaim that such products are safer and more nutritious than others Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page3 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh The growing interest of consumers in the safety and nutritional quality of the typical North American diet is a welcome development However, much of this interest has been sparked by sweeping claims that the food supply is unsafe or inadequate in meeting nutritional needs Although most of the claims are not supported by scientific evidence, the correspondence of written material advancing such claims makes it difficult for the general public to separate fact from fiction As a result, claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures diseases or provides other benefits to health have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore Almost daily the public is besieged by claim for “no- aging” diets, new vitamins and other wonder foods There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones, that fertilized eggs are nutritionally super to unfertilized eggs, that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains, and the like One thing that most organically grown food products seem to have in common is that they cost more than conventionally grown foods But in many cases consumers misled if they believe organic food can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality than conventionally grown foods So there is real cause for concern if consumers, particularly those with limited incomes, distrust the regular food supply and buy only expensive organic food instead E07 021: According to the first paragraph, which of the following is true about the term “organic foods”? A It is accepted by most nutritionists B It has been used only in recent years C It has no fixed meaning D It is seldom used by consumers E07 022: The word “Advocates” in paragraph is closest in meaning to which of the following? A Proponents B merchants C inspectors D consumers E07 023: In the last sentence of paragraph 1, the word “others” refers to… A Advantages B advocates C organic foods D products E07 024: The phrase “welcome development” mentioned in paragraph is an increase in… A Interest in food safety and nutrition among North Americans B The nutritional quality of the typical North American diet C The amount of healthy food grown in North America D The number of consumers in North America E07 025: The word “unsubstantiated” in paragraph is closet in meaning to… A Unbelievable B uncontested C unpopular D unverified E07 026: The word “misled” in the last paragraph is closet in meaning to… A Given false information B given wrong idea C deliberately misunderstood D led to the wrong idea E07 027: Which of the following is not true according to the text A Consumers are more and more concerned about the safety of foods B Organically grown foods are the best food choice for most consumers C Organically grown foods cost more than conventionally grown foods D The quality of organically grown foods is not yet proved by scientists E07 028: According to the last paragraph, consumers who believe that organic foods are better than conventionally grown foods are often… A Careless B mistaken C thrifty D wealthy E07 029: What is the author’s attitude toward the claims made by advocates of health foods? A Very enthusiastic B Somewhat favorite C Neutral D Skeptical E07 030: The author implies that there is cause of concern if consumers with limited incomes buy organic foods instead of conventionally grown foods because… A Organic foods can be more expensive but are often no better than conventionally grown foods B Many organic foods are actually less nutritious than similar conventionally foods Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page4 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh C D Conventionally grown foods are more readily available than organic foods Too many farmers will stop using conventional methods to grow food crops BÀI Carnegie Hall, the famous concert hall in New York, has again undergone a restoration While this is not the first, it is certainly the most extensive in the building history As a result of this new restoration, Carnegie Hall once again has the quality of sound that it had when it was first built Carnegie Hall owns its existence to Andrew Carnegie, the wealthy owner of a steel company in the late 1880s The hall was finished in 1881 and quickly gained a reputation as an excellent performing arts hall where accomplished musicians gained fame Despite its reputation, however, the concert hall suffered from several detrimental renovations over the years During the Great Depression, when fewer people could afford to attend performances, the directors sold part of the building to commercial businesses As a result, a coffee shop was opened in one corner of the building, for which the builders replaced the brick and terra cotta halls with windowpanes A renovation in 1946 seriously damaged the acoustical quality of the hall when the markers of the film Carnegie Hall cut a gaping hole in the dome of the ceiling to allow for lights and air vents The hole was later covered with short curtains and a fake ceiling, but the hall never sounded the same afterwards In 1960, the violist Issac Stern became involved in restoring the hall after a group of real estate developers unveiled plans to demolish Carnegie Hall and build a high- rise building on the site This threat spurred Stern to rally public support for Carnegie Hall and encouraged the city of New York to buy the property The movement was successful, and the concert hall is now owned by the city In the current restoration, builders tested each new material for its sound qualities, and they replaced the hole in the ceiling with a dome The builders also restored the outer walls to their original appearance and closed the coffee shop Carnegie Hall has never sounded better, and its prospects for the future have never looked more promising E07 031: This passage is mainly about… A changes to Carnegie Hall B the appearance of Carnegie Hall C Carnegie Hall’s history during the Great Depression D damage to the ceiling in Carnegie Hall E07 032: The word “extensive” in the 1st paragraph could be best placed by? A fabulous B thorough C devoted D continuous E07 033: The meaning of the word “detrimental” in the 2nd paragraph? A dangerous B significant C extreme D harmful E07 034: What major change happened to the hall in 1946? A The acoustic dome was damaged B Space in the building was sold to commercial businesses C The walls were damaged in a earthquake D The stage was renovated E07 035: What was Issac Stern’s relationship to Carnegie Hall? A He made the movie Carnegie Hall in 1946 B He performed on opening night in 1891 C He tried to save the hall, beginning in 1960 D He opened a coffee shop in Carnegie Hall during the Depression E07 036: What was probably the most important aspect of the recent renovation? A restoring the outer wall B expanding the lobby C restoring the plaster trim D repairing the ceiling Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page5 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh E07 037: The word “unveiled” could be best placed by? A announced B restricted C overshadowed D located E07 038: The author used the word “spurred” in the 3rd paragraph to show that Stern… A predicted the result B probed the plans C was told in advance D was stimulated to act E07 039: How does the author seem to feel about the future of Carnegie Hall? A ambiguous B guarded C optimistic D negative E07 040: Which of the following would most likely to be the topic of the next paragraph? A A scientific explanation of acoustic and the nature of sound B A description of people’s reactions to the newly renovated hall C A discussion of the coffee shop that once was located in the building D A further discussion about the activities of Issas Stern in 1960 BÀI Very few people in the modern world obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the natural environment surrounding their homes This method of harvesting from nature’s provision is the oldest subsistence strategy, and has been practiced for at least two million years It was, indeed, the only way to obtain food until rudimentary farming and the domestication of animals were introduced about 10,000 years ago Because hunter- gathers have fared poorly in comparison with their agricultural cousins, their numbers have dwindled, and they have been forced to live in marginal environments such as deserts forests or arctic wasteland In higher latitudes, the shorter growing season has restricted the availability of plant life Such conditions have caused a greater independence on hunting, and along the coasts and waterways, on fishing The abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants In short, the environmental differences have restricted the diet and have limited possibilities for the development of subsistence societies Contemporary hunter- gathers may help us understand our prehistoric ancestors We know from observation of modern hunter- gathers in both Africa and Alaska that society based on hunting and gathering must be very mobile While the entire community camps in a central location, a smaller party harvests the food within a reasonable distance from the camp When the food in the area is exhausted, the community moves on to exploit another site We also notice a seasonal migration on pattern evolving for most hunter gathers, along with a restrict division of labor between sexes These patterns of behavior may be similar to those practiced by mankind during the Paleolithic Period E07 041: With which of the following topics is the passage primarily concerned? A The Paleolithic period B Subsistence farming C Hunter- gatherers D Marginal environment E07 042: Which is the oldest subsistence strategy? A Migrating B Domesticating animals C Farming D Hunting and gathering E07 043: The word “rudimentary” is closet in meaning to… A Rough B preliminary C ancient D backward E07 044: The phrase “in short” can be replaced by … A In demand B in want C shortly D to cut a long story short E07 045: The word “abundance” is closet in meaning to… A Plenty B amount C density D majority E07 046: The word “mobile” in the passage can be replaced by… A Transportable B carried C movable D portable Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page6 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh E07 047: When was hunting and gathering introduced? A 1,000,000 years ago B 2,000,000 years ago C 10,000 years ago D 2,000 years ago E07 048: What conditions exist in the lower latitude? A Greater dependence on hunting B More coasts and waterways for fishing C A shorter growing season D A large variety of plant life E07 049: How can we know more about the hunter- gathers of prehistoric time? A By studying the remains of their camp sites B By studying similar contemporary societies C By studying the prehistoric environment D By practicing hunting and gathering E07 050: Which of the following is not mentioned in the above passage? A More and more people in the modern time live on the food they gather in the natural environment around their homes B The more vegetable in the lower latitude in the tropics there is, the greater opportunity for gathering plants there are C Because of the shorter growing season in higher latitude, the availability of plants is limited D The environmental differences result in restricted diet BÀI Colors are one of the most exciting experiences in life I love them, and they are just as important to me as emotions are Have you ever wondered how the two are so intimately related? Color directly affects your emotions Color both reflects the current state of your emotions, and is something that you can use to improve or change your emotions The color that you choose to wear either reflects your current state of being, or reflects the color or emotion that you need The colors that you wear affect you much more than they affect the people around you Of course, they also affect anyone who comes in contract with you, but you are the one saturated with the color all day! I even choose items around me based on their color In the morning, I choose my clothes based on the color or emotion that I need for the day So you can consciously use color to control the emotions that you are exposed to, which can help you to feel better Color, sound, and emotions are all vibrations Emotions are literally energy in motion; they are meant to move and flow This is the reason that real feelings are the fastest way to get your energy in motion Also, flowing energy is exactly what creates healthy cells in your body So, the fastest way to be healthy is to be open to your real feelings Alternately, the fastest way to create disease is to inhibit your emotions E07 051: What is the main idea of the passage? A Colors can help you become healthy B Colorful clothes can change your mood C Emotions and colors are closely related to each other D Colors are one of the most exciting E07 052: Which of the following can be affected by color? A Your need for thrills B Your appetite C Your friend's feelings D Your mood E07 053: Who is more influenced by colors you wear? A Anyone B Your family C The people around you are more influenced D You are more influenced Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page7 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh E07 054: According to the passage, what color, sound, and emotion all have in common? A They are all forms of motion B None is correct C They all affect the cells of the bodyD They are all related to health E07 055: According to this passage, what creates disease? A Wearing the color black B Ignoring your emotions C Being open to your emotions D Exposing yourself to bright colors E07 056: The term "intimately" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A simply B clearly C closely D obviously E07 057: The term "they" in paragraph refers to A none of these B colors C people D emotions E07 058: Why does the author mention that color and emotions are both vibrations? A Because vibrations make you healthy B Because they both affect how we feel C To prove the relationship between emotions and color D To show how color can affect energy levels in the body E07 059: The phrase "saturated with" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A covered with B lacking in C bored with D in need of E07 060: What is the purpose of the passage? A to give an objective account of how colors affect emotions B to persuade the reader that colors can influence emotions and give a person more energy C to show that colors are important for a healthy life D to prove the relationship between color and emotion BÀI A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual and specialized communication through performance A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the utterance When speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate uncertainty or fright, confidence or calm At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen, or may belie them Here the participant’s tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are usually discernible by the acute listener Public performance is a manner of communication that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /or gesture The motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer's skills, personality, and ability to create empathy will determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of others, and emotional health Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front How a speaker perceives the listener's receptiveness, interest, or sympathy in any given conversation can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the speaker Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed E07 061: What does the passage mainly discuss? Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page8 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh A The function of the voice in performance B Communication styles C The connection between voice and personality D The production of speech E07 062: What does the author mean by staring that, "At interpersonal levels, tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen" in lines 8- 9? A Feelings are expressed with different words than ideas are B The tone of voice can carry information beyond the meaning of words C A high tone of voice reflects an emotional communication D Feelings are more difficult to express than ideas E07 063: The word "Here" in line refers to…………… A interpersonal interactions B the tone C ideas and feelings D words chosen E07 064: The word "derived" in line 13 is closest in meaning to……… A discussed B prepared C registered D obtained E07 065: Why does the author mention "artistic, political, or pedagogic communication" in line 14-15? A As examples of public performance B As examples of basic styles of communication C To contrast them to singing D To introduce the idea of self-image E07 066: According to the passage, an exuberant tone of voice may be an indication of a person's……… A general physical health B personality C ability to communicate D vocal quality E07 067: According to the passage, an overconfident front may hide………… A hostility B shyness C friendliness D strength E07 068: The word "drastically" in line 21 is closest in meaning to…………… A frequently B exactly C severely D easily E07 069: The word "evidenced" in line 22 is closest in meaning to…………… A questioned B repeated C indicated D exaggerated E07 070: According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate? A Lethargy B Depression C Boredom D Anger BÀI DESERTIFICATION Desertification is the degradation of once-productive land into unproductive or poorly productive land Since the first great urban-agricultural centers in Mesopotamia nearly 6,000 years ago, human activity has had a destructive impact on soil quality, leading to gradual desertification in virtually every area of the world It is a common misconception that desertification is caused by droughts Although drought does make land more vulnerable, well-managed land can survive droughts and recover, even in arid regions Another mistaken belief is that the process occurs only along the edges of deserts In fact, it may take place in any arid or semiarid region, especially where poor land management is practised Most vulnerable, however, are the transitional zones between deserts and arable land; wherever human activity leads to land abuse in these fragile marginal areas, soil destruction is inevitable [1] Agriculture and overgrazing are the two major sources of desertification [2] Large-scale farming requires extensive irrigation, which ultimately destroys lands by depleting its nutrients and leaching minerals into the topsoil [3] Grazing is especially destructive to land because , in addition to depleting cover vegetation, herds of grazing mammals also trample the fine organic particles of the topsoil, leading to soil compaction and erosion [4] It takes about 500 years for the earth to build up centimeters of topsoil Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page9 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh However, cattle ranching and agriculture can deplete as much as to centimeters of topsoil every 25 years- 60 to 80 times faster than it can be replaced by nature Salination is a type of land degradation that involves an increase in the salt content of the soil This usually occurs as a result of improper irrigation practices The greatest Mesopotamian empires- Sumer, Akkad and Babylon- were built on the surplus of the enormously productive soil of the ancient TigrisEuphrates alluvial plain After nearly a thousand years of intensive cultivation, land quality was in evident decline In response, around 2800 BC the Sumerians began digging the huge Tigris-Euphrates canal system to irrigate the exhausted soil A temporary gain in crop yield was achieved in this way, but over-irrigation was to have serious and unforeseen consequences From as early as 2400 BC we find Sumerian documents referring to salinization as a soil problem It is believed that the fall of the Akkadian Empire around 2150 BC may have been due to a catastrophic failure in land productivity; the soil was literally turned into salt Even today, four thousand years later, vast tracks of salinized land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers still resemble rock-hard fields of snow Soil erosion is another form of desertification It is a self-reinforcing process; once the cycle of degradation begins, conditions are set for continual deterioration As the vegetative cover begins to disappear, soil becomes more vulnerable to raindrop impact Water runs off instead of soaking in to provide moisture for plans This further diminishes plan cover by leaching away nutrients from the soil As soil quality declines and runoff is increased, floods become more frequent and more severe Flooding washes away topsoil, the thin, rich, uppermost layer of the earth’s soil, and leaves finer underlying particles more vulnerable to wind erosion Topsoil contains the earth’s greatest concentration of organic matter and microorganisms, and is where most of the earth’s land-based biological activity occurs Without this fragile coat of nutrient-laden material, plan life cannot exist An extreme case of its erosion is found in the Sahel, a transitional zone between the Sahara Desert and the tropical African rain forests; home to some 56 million people Overpopulation and overgrazing have opened the hyperarid land to wind erosion, which is stripping away the protective margin of the Sahel, and causing the desert to grow at an alarming rate Between 1950 and 1975, the Sahara Desert spread 100 kilometers southward through the Sahel E07 071: Which of the following statements is true about desertification? A It was just as serious in the past as it is today B Ancient societies managed the problem well C It is a fairly recent problem D It has a history as long as that of civilization E07 072: The word “arable” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A populated B settled C cultivatable D dry E07 073: According to the passage, many people’s understanding of desertification is incorrect because A they not see it as being caused by human activity B they see it as being reversible C they think of it as a very slow process D they not think of it as a serious problem E07 074: Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information A Most of the vulnerable areas are in transition from desert to arable land; a process that because of human activity and the delicate nature of these areas, always leads to soil loss B It is the areas that exist between the deserts and the land that is usable for agriculture that are most at risk because they are susceptible to poor land management methods from human activity which will always result in the loss of soil Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page10 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh BÀI 20 Traditionally in America, helping the poor was a matter for private charities or local government Arriving immigrants depended mainly on predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, several European nations instituted public welfare programs But such a movement was slow to take hold in the United States because the rapid pace of industrialization and the ready availability of farmland seemed to confirm the belief that anyone who was willing to work could find a job Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary relief measures, but one of the programs- Social Security- has become an American institution Paid for by deductions from the paychecks of working people, Social Security ensures that retired persons receive modest monthly income and also provides unemployment insurance, disability insurance, and other assistance to those who need it Social Security payments to retired persons can start at age 62, but many wait until age 65, when the payments are slightly higher Recently, there has been concern that the Social Security fund may not have enough money to fulfill its obligations in the 21th century, when the population of early Americans is expected to increase dramatically Policy makers have proposed various ways to make up the anticipated deficit, but a long- term solution is still being debated In the years since Roosevelt, other American presidents have established assistance programs These include Medicaid and Medicare; food stamps, certificates that people can use to purchase food, and public housing which is built at federal expense and made available to person on low incomes Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than the government for help A broad spectrum of private charities and voluntary organizations is available Volunteerism is on the rise in the United States, especially among retired persons It is estimated that almost 50 percent of Americans over age 18 volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent of US households contribute money to charity E07 191: New immigrants to America could seek help for… A The people who came earlier B The US government organization C volunteer organizations D only charity organizations E07 192: The word “instituted” in the first paragraph mostly means… A executed B studied C introduced D enforced E07 193: The word “established” is closet in meaning to… A formed B organized C provided D issued E07 194: It took welfare program a long time to gain a foodhold in the US due to the rapid growth of… A industrialization B population C urbanization D modernization E07 195: The Social Security program has become possible thanks to… A enforcement laws B people’s willingness to work C deductions from wages D donations from companies E07 196: The passage mainly discusses… A immigrant into America B public assistance in America C funding agencies in America D way of fund- raising in America Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page25 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh E07 197: Most of the public assistance programs… after the severe economic crisis A Were introduced into institutions B Functioned truthfully in institutions C Did not become institutionalized D Did not work in institutions E07 198: Public assistance has become more and more popular in US due to… A Young people’s voluntarism only B People’s growing commitment to charity C Innovations in the tax system D Volunteer organizations E07 199: American on low incomes can seek help from… A Non- governmental agencies B Governmental agencies C Federal government D State government E07 200: That Social Security payments will be a burden comes from the concern that… A Elderly people ask for more money B The number of elderly people is growing C Younger people don’t want to work D The programs discourages working people BÀI 21 Before the mid- 19th century, people in United States ate most foods only in season Drying, smoking, and salting could preserve meat for a short time, but the availability of fresh meat, like that of fresh milk, was very limited; there was no way to prevent spoilage But in 1810 a French inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking- and- sealing process of canning And in the 1850’s an American named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving milk Canned goods and condensed milk became more common during the 1860’s, but supplies remained low because cans had to be made by hand By 1880, however, inventors had fashioned stamping and soldering machines that mass- produced cans from tinplate Suddenly all kinds of food could be preserved and bought at all times of the year Other trends and inventors had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily diets Growing urban populations created demand that encouraged fruit and vegetable farmers to raise more produce Railroad refrigerator cars enabled growers and meat packers to ship perishables great distances and to preserve them for long periods Thus, by the 1890’s, northern city dwellers could enjoy southern and western strawberries, grapes and tomatoes, previously available for a month at most, for up to months of the year In addition, increased use of iceboxes enabled families to store perishables An easy means of producing ice commercially had been invented in the 1870’s, and by the 1990 the nation had more than Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page26 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh 2000 commercial ice plants, most of which made home deliveries The icebox became a fixture in most homes and remained so until the mechanized refrigerator replaced it in the 1920’s and 1930’s Almost everyone now had a more diversified diet Some people continued to eat mainly foods that were heavy in starches or carbohydrates, and not everyone could afford meat Nevertheless, many families could take advantage of previously unavailable fruits, vegetables, and daily products to achieve more varied fare E07 201: What does the passage mainly discussed? A causes of food spoilage B commercial production of ice C inventions that led to changes in the American diet D population movements in the 19th century E07 202: The phrase “in season” refers to A a kind of weather B a particular time of year C an official schedule D a method of flavoring E07 203: The word “prevent” is closest in meaning to A estimate B avoid C correct D confine E07 204: During the 1860’s, canned food products were A unavailable in rural areas B shipped in refrigerator cars C available in limited quantities D a staple part of the American diet E07 205: It can be inferred that railroad refrigerator cars came into use A before 1860 B before 1890 C after 1900 D after 1920 E07 206: The word “them” refers to A refrigerator cars B perishables C growers D distances E07 207: The word “fixture” is closest in meaning to A luxury item B substance C commonplace object D mechanical device E07 208: The author implies that in the 1920’s and 1930’s home deliveries of ice A decreased in number B were on an irregular schedule C increased in cost D occurred only in the summer E07 209: Which of the following types of food preservation was NOT mentioned in the passage? A Drying B Canning C Cold stage D Chemical additives E07 210: Which of the following statement is supported by the passage? A Tin cans and iceboxes helped to make many foods more widely available B Commercial ice factories were developed by railroad owners C Most farmers in the US raised only fruits and vegetables D People who lived in cities demanded home delivery of foods BÀI 22 About 8,000 people looked over the horseless carriages on November 3, 1990, the opening day of the New York Auto Show, and the first opportunity for the automobile industry to show off its wares to a sizeable audience By happenstance, the number of people at the show equaled the entire car population at that time At that time, 10 million bicycles and an unknown number of horse- and- buggies provided the prime means of transportation Only about 4,000 cars were assembled in the Unites States in 1990, and only a quarter of those were gasoline powered (The rest ran on steam or electricity) Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page27 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh After viewing the cars made by 32 carmakers, the show’s audience favored electric cars because they were quiet The risk of a boiler explosion turned people away from steamers, and the gasoline powered cars produced smelly fumes The Duryea Motor Wagon Company, which launched the American auto industry in 1892, offered an addictive designed to mask the smell of the naphtha that it burned The prices were not that different than they are today Most cost between $800 and $1500, or roughly $11,000 to $18,500 in today’s prices Many of the 1990 models were cumbersome – the Gasmobile, the Franklin, and the Orient, for example, steered with tillers like boats rather than with steering wheels The black- tie audience at the show viewed the display more as a social outing than as the extravaganza that auto shows were about to become E07 211: Approximately how many cars were there in the United States in 1990? A 4,000 B 8,000 C 10 million D an unknown number E07 212: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “by happenstance” as used in paragraph 2? A generally B for example C coincidentally D by design E07 213: According to the passage, people at the 1990 New York Auto Show favored cars powered by? A electricity B naphtha C gasoline D steam E07 214: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “launched” in paragraph 3? A joined B designed C initiated D anticipated E07 215: The purpose of the additive mentioned in the line 11 was to A increase the speed of cars B make engines run more efficiently C hide offensive smells D make cars look better E07 216: What was the highest price asked for a car at the 1990 New York Auto Show in the dollars of that time? A $800 B $ 1500 C $ 11,300 D $ 18,500 E07 217: The word “cumbersome” in line 14 is closest in meaning to A clumsy B unshapely C fragile D inconvenient E07 218: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as steering with a tiller rather than with a steering wheel? A a Franklin B a Duryea C an Orient D a Gasmobile E07 219: The passage implies that the audience viewed the 1990 New York Auto Show primarily as A a formal social affair B a chance to buy automobiles at low prices C an opportunity to learn how to drive D a chance to invest in one of thirty- two automobile manufactures E07 220: It can be inferred from the passage that auto shows held after 1990 A were more spectacular B involved fewer manufactures C were more formal D involved less expensive cars BÀI 23 Fleas are perfectly designed by nature to feast on anything containing blood Like a shark in the water or a wolf in the woods, fleas are ideally equipped to what they do, making them very difficult to defeat The bodies of these tiny parasites are extremely hardy and well-suited for their job A flea has a very hard exoskeleton, which means the body is covered by a tough, tile-like plate called a sclerite Because of these plates, fleas are almost impossible to squish The exoskeletons of fleas are also waterproof and shock resistant, and therefore fleas are highly resistant to the sprays and chemicals used to kill them Little spines are attached to this plate The spines lie flat against the flea’s thin, narrow body as the flea scurries through an animal’s fur in search of food Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page28 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh However, if anything (like fingers or a self grooming pet) tries to pull a flea off through the hair coat, these spines will extend and stick to the fur like Velcro Fleas are some of the best jumpers in the natural world A flea can jump seven inches, or 150 times its own length, either vertically or horizontally An equivalent jump for a person would be 555 feet, the height of the Washington Monument Fleas can jump 30,000 times in a row without stopping, and they are able to accelerate through the air at an incredibly high rate—a rate which is over ten times what humans can withstand in an airplane Fleas have very long rear legs with huge thigh muscles and multiple joints When they get ready to jump, they fold their long legs up and crouch like a runner on a starting block Several of their joints contain a protein called resilin, which helps catapult fleas into the air as they jump, similar to the way a rubber band provides momentum to a slingshot Outward facing claws on the bottom of their legs grip anything they touch when they land The adult female flea mates after her first blood meal and begins producing eggs in just to days One flea can lay up to 50 eggs in one day and over 2,000 in her lifetime Flea eggs can be seen with the naked eye, but they are about the size of a grain of salt Shortly after being laid, the eggs begin to transform into cocoons In the cocoon state, fleas are fully developed adults, and will hatch immediately if conditions are favorable Fleas can detect warmth, movement, and carbon dioxide in exhaled breath, and these three factors stimulate them to emerge as new adults If the flea does not detect appropriate conditions, it can remain dormant in the cocoon state for extended periods Under ideal conditions, the entire life cycle may only take weeks, so in no time at all, pets and homes can become infested Because of these characteristics, fleas are intimidating opponents The best way to control fleas, therefore, is to take steps to prevent an infestation from ever occurring E07 221: The primary purpose about the physical characteristics of fleas _ A educate the reader about the physical characteristics of fleas B compare fleas to other members of the animal kingdom C relate the problems that can result from a flea infestation D explain why a flea infestation is hard to get rid of E07 222: The author’s tone in the passage is best described as _ A concerner B passionate C informative D opinionated E07 223: According to the passage, fleas are resistant to sprays and chemicals because they A have waterproof sclerites B are excellent jumpers C reproduce very rapidly D can stick to fur like Velcro E07 224: Fleas are difficult to squish because they have A sclerites B tough spines C resilin in their joints D All of the above E07 225: According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A Fleas extend their little spines if threatened B Fleas have the ability to jump higher than humans C Humans can jump higher if they consume foods containing resilin D The resilin found in fleas is used to make rubber bands E07 226: According to the passage, fleas are able to jump A with a high rate of acceleration B with a high rate of acceleration and up and down and from side to side C because the blood they eat contains resilin D up and down and from side to side and because the blood they eat contains resilin E07 227: Based on information in the passage, the reader can understand that A fleas will die without access to blood B fleas survive at a higher rate in outdoor habitats C fleas will die after they produce 2,000 eggs D newly hatched fleas are the size of a grain of salt Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page29 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh E07 228: The author mentions the Washington Monument in order to A estimate the extreme distance that a flea is able to jump B illustrate a comparison made between fleas and humans C clarify a point made regarding fleas and acceleration D demonstrate the superiority of fleas over humans E07 229: It can be inferred that fleas will emerge from eggs as adults _ A when they outgrow the cocoon B after a period of weeks C when they sense there is access to blood D if there is too much carbon dioxide in the cocoon E07 230: Using the information in the passage as a guide, it can be concluded that _ A humans not possess the physical characteristics of the flea because they have no use for them B humans not pay much attention to fleas because they not pose a serious threat C fleas have many physical advantages, although these are outweighed by their many disadvantages D fleas are designed in such a way as to give them unique physical advantages in life BÀI 24 To date, Canada has produced only one classic children’s tale to rank with Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and the works of Mark Twain; this was Lucy Maud Montgomery’s Anne of Green Gables Lucy Maud Montgomery was born in Clinton, Prince Edward Island Her mother died soon after her birth, and when her father went to Sasketchewan to assume a business position, she moved in with her grandparents in Cavendish, Prince Edward Island There she went to school and later qualified to be a teacher Montgomery wrote the Anne books while living in Cavendish and helping her grandparents at the post office The first of the books, Anne in Green Gables, was published in 1908, and in the next years she wrote sequels Like Montgomery, the heroine of the book is taken in by an elderly couple who lives in the fictional town of Avonlea, and the Montgomery incorporated many events from her life in Cavendish into the Anne books In 1911, Montgomery married Ewan MacDonald and the couple soon moved to Ontario, where she wrote many other books However, it was her first efforts that secured her prominence, and the Anne books are still read all around the world Her novels have helped create a warm picture of Prince Edward Island’s special character Several movies, television series, and a musical play have been based on her tales, and today visitors scour the Island for locations described in the book E07 231: The main purpose of this passage is to A introduce Montgomery and her Anne books B contrast Canadian children’s literature with that of other countries C provide a brief introduction to Prince Edward Island D show the similarities between Montgomery’s life and that of her fictional character Anne E07 232: The word “this” in line refers to A Canada B the work of Mark Twain C Alice’ Adventures in Wonderland D a Canadian children’s classic tale E07 233: According to the passage, Montgomery was raised primarily… A in an orphanage B by her grandparents C by her mother D by her father E07 234: Approximately when did Lucy Maud Montgomery write the sequels to her book Anne of Green Gables? A From 1887 to 1908 B from 1908 to 1911 C from 1911 to 1913 D From 1913 to 1918 Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page30 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh E07 235: In the Anne books, the main character lives in A the town of Cavendish B Sasketchewan C the town of Avonlea D Ontario E07 236: Which of the following can be concluded from the passage about the Anne books? A They were at least partially autobiographical B They were influenced by the works of Mark Tain C They were not as successful as Montgomery’s later works D They were not popular until after Montgomery had died E07 237: The word “prominence” is closest in meaning to A reputation B excellence C effort D permanence E07 238: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “character”? A a person in a novel B nature C a written symbol D location E07 239: All of the following have been based on the Anne books EXCEPT A a television series B movies C a play D a ballet E07 240: The word “scour” could be best replaced by… A cleanse B admire C search D request BÀI 25 The application of the science of genetics to plant breeding occupies a strategic place in the enhancement of crop productivity Upon its success depends on the effectiveness of many other efforts to provide adequate food supplies for direct consumption by man, feed for animals, and agricultural raw materials for industry Bringing more water to the land, improving the soil, providing that nutrients, teaching better cultural practices, and providing more efficient tools, cannot yield maximum results unless the plants under cultivation are able to respond fully to the improved environment and practices Plant breeders’ main aims are the same throughout the world Apart from evolving varieties with high yield potentials, the usual main objectives are greater cultural reliability, greater resistance to diseases and pests, adaptation to the special requirements of different types of cultural practices, and improvement of quality, both nutritional and industrial Most of the scientific methods developed are equally applicable everywhere Selections made from indigenous and imported materials will usually provide suitable seed populations for formal breeding work, which should be started on the broadest possible heterogeneous, or diverse, base large collections of germ plasma of wheat, oats, barley, corn, rice, soya beans, Lucerne, and other crops are normally available for breading Ultimate progress depends on developing populations which have desirable combinations of genes and gene frequencies To make sure of the presence of these gens, hybridization of carefully selected parents is necessary Frequency of genes can be increased by various mating systems Once the suitable populations are available, success depends on effectiveness of selection To ensure this, the differential effects of environment among the individuals must be reduced to a minimum E07 241: What is the main topic of the passage? A Breeding selective genes in plants B Increasing productivity in crops C Improving the quality of the agricultural environment D Multiplying the number of genes in plants E07 242: The word enhancement is closest in meaning to A extention B advance C increase D development E07 243: The expression “able to respond fully to” is closest in meaning to A get the better of B take advantage of C make a profit from D have a use for Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page31 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh E07 244: Which of the following is NOT given as an example of a main aim of plant breeder? A Breeding true B Cultural change C Healthier plants D Heavier cropping E07 245: The word which refers to A scientific methods B imported materials C breeding work D seed populations E07 246: According to the passage it is important to A eliminate germs from the crops B have a wide variety of plasma C only use plasma from cereals D develop crops from the same plasma base E07 247: Why is hybridization so important? A It ensures suitable genes are combined B It produces strong parent plants C It makes it possible to split the populations D It develops clones of parent plants E07 248:The word “differential” could be best replaced by A special B subtle C marginal D diverse It can be inferred from the passage that success in breeding finally depends on A environment B selection C culture D nutrition For which of the following terms does the author supply a definition? A “consumption” in line B “indigenous” in line 11 C “broadest” in line 14 D “heterogeneous” in line 14 BÀI 26 Description: The Emperor Penguin is the world's largest and tallest penguin It is also the heaviest penguin, with some individuals recorded at nearly 100 pounds Adults have a black head, back, tail, and black wings The underparts are dingy white The sides of the neck are marked with a large golden or yellow stripe In addition, there is a varying amount of gold on the upper breast Like most penguins, the Emperor Penguin has thick, waterproof feathers that cover the entire body except for the bill and feet Emperor Penguins normally live about 20 years in the wild, though some individuals have been recorded at 40 years of age Diet: Crustaceans, krill, and small fish Emperor Penguins will dive to depths of 800 feet in search of food Most dives last 3-6 minutes Predators: Sharks, Leopard Seals, Orcas Chicks are vulnerable to predation from South Polar Skuas Range: The Emperor Penguin is found throughout the Antarctic perimeter It is the only species of penguin to breed during the Antarctic winter Breeding takes place about 60 miles from the coast in the Antarctic interior, where temperatures regularly drop to -40 degrees Celsius The trek from the Antarctic coastline to the breeding grounds was the inspiration for "March of the Penguins" Nesting: Female Emperor Penguins lay a single egg in May or June After the egg has been laid, the female must immediately feed in the ocean First, the egg is carefully transported to the male, who incubates the egg under a brood patch that rests above the feet Occasionally, the transfer is unsuccessful and the egg rolls onto the ice and instantaneously freezes The male will incubate the egg for up to 65 days! During this time, he will not eat a single meal On particularly cold days, hundreds of male penguins may gather together in a compact huddle to warm themselves in the pounding Antarctic winds In about two months, the female returns and locates her mate and chick by sound She regurgitates food stored in her stomach to feed the growing chick The male then takes his turn feeding in the ocean and returns after about a month, at which point both parents tend to the chick by regurgitating food and keeping it off the ice Once the chick is about seven weeks old, it joins other chicks in a creche to keep warm Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page32 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh Status: Populations of Emperor Penguins are thought to be stable Estimates indicate about 200,000 breeding pairs E07 251: What color is the tail of the Emperor Penguin? A black B orange C white D yellow E07 252: Which of the following animals only preys on Penguin chicks? A seals B skuas C sharks D orcas E07 253: Which of the following statement is true? A The female locates her chick by smell B After the egg is laid, the male ventures off to the sea first C Both parents will feed chicks by regurgitating food D The female locates her chick by sight E07 254: At the end of the passage, a line reads “Population of Emperor Penguins are thought to be stable Estimates indicate about 200,000 breeding pairs.” What does “stable” mean? A Staying the same B Uncertain C Decreasing D Increasing E07 255: How many eggs are laid by the female Emperor Penguin? A B C D E07 256: What happens third? A The male feeds in the ocean while the female tends to the chick B The young penguin joins a creche C The female feeds in the ocean while the male incubates D The egg transfer E07 257: Which of the following is NOT true? A The female lays an egg during the Antarctic winter B After the female lays the egg, the male must immediately feed in the ocean C Sometimes, the egg transfer from the female to male results in the egg freezing D The male incubates for more than two months without eating E07 258: Where to Emperor Penguins breed? A the Antarctic interior B In the water C Along the coast D South America E07 259: Which of the following is NOT part of the diet of the Emperor Penguin? A krill B crustaceans C insects D fish E07 260: Which of the following scenarios is unlikely? A Finding an Emperor Penguin that is about 20 years old B Finding an Orca that has just eaten an Emperor Penguin C Finding an Emperor Penguin after it has been underwater for 10 minutes D Finding an Emperor Penguin that weighs 80 pounds BÀI 27 Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years Before that time, large computers were only used by large and rich companies that could afford the investment With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto market where they were capable of doing the work which used to be done by much larger and more expensive computers, so now most small companies can use them The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors, or WPS as they are often called 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work, such as retyping letters and storing papers He or she can use this time to other Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page33 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh more interesting work for the boss From a manager’s view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours But is it all good? If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this means that fewer secretaries will be needed Another worry is increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn baby in the body might be killed Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them Whatever the arguments for and against word processors, they are a key feature of the revolution in office practice E07 261: Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A The Invention of the Word Processor B Word Processor- a Revolution in Office Work C How to use a Word Processor D Bad effects of using Word Processor E07 262: The phrase “word processor” most nearly means… A a device used to decipher data B a unit used to process documents C a unit used to calculate input D a unit used to interpret words E07 263: Ten years ago, large computers were only used by large companies because… A small companies did not have enough money to buy such expensive computers B large companies did not come onto market C they were not as modern as the small ones D small companies did not need to use this new technology E07 264: According to the writer, the main progress made in office work over the last ten years is… A the saving of time and money B the use of computers in big companies C the wide use of word processors D the decreasing number of secretaries E07 265: We can infer from the passage that with the use of word processors… A some secretaries will lose their jobs B daily problems related to work with a VDU have increased C medical problems related to work with a VDU have increased D the British companies will make less money E07 266: Which of the following statements is not true? A There are both advantages and disadvantages in using a word processor B British companies care much for the health of people using word processor C The technology in the field of computers has been greatly advanced over the last ten years D Using word processors, secretaries can get more time to more interesting work for their boss E07 267: From the passage, we can see that A Using word processor is not dangerous B Most of the British companies have a word processor now C Using word processor has both advantages and disadvantages D It is harmless for expecting women to work with VDU E07 268: According to the passage, if a person works with a VDU for a long time… A he or she will become blind B he or she will have problems with eyesight C he or she will be driven mad D he or she will suffer from heart diseases E07 269: The word “feared” in the passage most nearly means… A horrified B terrified C afraid D annoyed Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page34 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh E07 270: From the passage we can draw the conclusion that… A safety screens are of poor quality B working at a VDU for a long time is good for one’s health C more and more people in British offices will use word processors D British companies will need fewer manages BÀI 28 Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects No moist-skinned, water- loving animals can exist there Few large animals are found The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth Yet they are not emaciated Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology None could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees E07 271: The title for this passage could be _ A “Desert Plants” B “Life Underground” C “Animal Life in a Desert Environment” D “Man’s Life in a Desert Environment” E07 272: The word “inexorable” in the passage mostly means _ A relentless B full C demanding D essential E07 273: Man can hardly understand why many animals live their whole life in the desert, as _ A sources of flowing water are rare in a desert B water is an essential part of his existence C water composes the greater part of the tissues of living things D very few large animals are found in the desert E07 274: The phrase “those forms” in the passage refers to all of the following EXCEPT _ A water-loving animals B the coyote and the bobcat C moist- skinned animals D many large animals E07 275: According to the passage, creatures in the desert _ A are smaller and fleeter than forest animals B live in an accommodating environment C are more active during the day than those in the tangled forest D are not as healthy as those anywhere else in the world E07 276: The author mentions all the following as examples of the behavior of desert animals EXCEPT _ A they sleep during the day B they dig home underground C they are noisy and aggressive D they are watchful and quiet Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page35 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh E07 277: The word “emaciated” in the passage mostly means _ A wild B cunning C unmanageable D unhealthy E07 278: The word “Them” means A animals B people C water D minutes E07 279: The word “burrows” in the passage mostly means _ A “places where insects or other small creatures live and produce their young” B “holes or tunnels in the ground made by animals for them to live in” C “structures made of metal bars in which animals or birds are kept” D “places where a particular type of animal or plant is normally found” E07 280: We can infer from the passage that _ A living things adjust to their environment B water is the basis of desert life C desert life is colorful and diverse D healthy animals live longer lives BÀI 29 Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal Like competition and conflict, there were different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuses The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member There is an interlocking identity of individual, group, and task performed Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modern societies In secondary cooperation, individual devote only part of their lives to the group Cooperation itself is not a value Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work The attitudes of cooperating parties are purely opportunistic; the organization is loose and fragile Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goal; it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goal This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation sometimes used for this relationship E07 281: What is the author main purpose in the 1st paragraph of the passage? A to urge readers to cooperate more often B to explain how cooperation differs from competition and conflict C to offer a brief definition of cooperation D to show the importance of group organization and attitudes E07 282: The word “cherished” is closest in meaning to A agreed on B prized C set up D defined E07 283: Which of the following statements about primary cooperation is supported by information in the passage? A It was confined to prehistoric times B It is usually the 1st stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate C It is an ideal that can never be achieved D It is most commonly seem among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills E07 284: The word “fuse” is closet in meaning to A evolve B unite C explore D react Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page36 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Mơn T iếng Anh E07 285: According to the passage, why people join groups that practice secondary cooperation? A to associate with people who have similar backgrounds B to get rewards for themselves C to defeat a common enemy D to experience the satisfaction of cooperation E07 286: The word “fragile” is closet in meaning to A easily broken B inefficient C involuntary D poorly planned E07 287: Which of the following is an example of the third form of cooperation as it is defined in the 4th paragraph? A Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grade B A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company C Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party D Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow E07 288: As used throughout the passage, the term “common” is closest in meaning to A popular B shared C vulgar D ordinary E07 289: Which of the following is NOT given as a name for the third type of cooperation? A latent conflict B accommodation C tertiary cooperation D antagonistic cooperation E07 290: Which of the following best describes the overall organization of the passage? A The author describes a concept by analyzing its three forms B The author compares and contrasts two types of human relations C The author presents the points of view of three experts on the same topic D The author provides a number of concrete examples and then draws a conclusion BÀI 30 ( đề 20) As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States increased The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans lived in towns and cities Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life combined with a new emphasis upon credentials and expertise to make schooling increasingly important for economic and social mobility Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened Kindergartens, vacation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants Classes for adult immigrants were sponsored by public schools, corporations, unions, churches, settlement houses, and other agencies Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the needs of specific populations Immigrant women were once such population Schools tried to educate young women so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropriate for women was the home Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women, American education gave homemaking a new definition In preindustrial economies, homemaking had meant the production as well as the consumption of goods, and it commonly included income-producing activities both inside and outside the home, in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States, however, overproduction rather Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page37 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh than scarcity was becoming a problem Thus, the ideal American homemaker was viewed as a consumer rather than a producer Schools trained women to be consumer homemakers cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children "efficiently" in their own homes, or if economic necessity demanded, as employees in the homes of others Subsequent reforms have made these notions seem quite out-of-date E07 291: The paragraph preceding the passage probably discusses _ A the industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life the United States in the nineteen century B the formal schooling in the United States in the nineteen century C the urbanization in the United States in the nineteen century D the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society in the nineteen century E07 292: It can be inferred from paragraph that one important factor in the increasing importance of education in the United States was _ A the expanding economic problems of schools B the growing number of schools in frontier communities C an increase in the number of trained teachers D the increased urbanization of the entire country E07 293: The word "means" in line is closest in meaning to _ A qualifications B method C advantages D Probability E07 294: The phrase "coincided with" in line is closest in meaning to _ A happened at the same time as B ensured the success of C was influenced by D began to grow rapidly E07 295: According to the passage, one important change in United States education by the 1920's was that _ A the amount of time spent on formal education was limited B new regulations were imposed on nontraditional education C adults and children studied in the same classes D most places required children to attend school E07 296: “Vacation schools and extracurricular activities” are mentioned in line to illustrate _ A activities that competed to attract new immigrants to their programs B alternatives to formal education provided by public schools C the importance of educational changes D the increased impact of public schools on students E07 297: According to the passage, early-twentieth century education reformers believed that _ A special programs should be set up in frontier communities to modernize them B corporations and other organizations damaged educational progress C different groups needed different kinds of education D more women should be involved in education and industry E07 298: The word "it" in line 19 refers to _ A education B consumption C production D homemaking E07 299: Women were trained to be consumer homemakers as a result of _ A scarcity in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States B economic necessity in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States C income-producing activities in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States D overproduction in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States E07 300: Which paragraph mentions the importance of formal schooling? A Paragraph B Paragraph C Paragraph D Paragraph Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page38 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh The end Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page39 ...Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh B a serious book C several books of various kinds D an easy and entertaining... design vehicles and test their performance Building Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page2 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh designs are also created with computer graphic systems Architects can design... products are safer and more nutritious than others Hotline: 0964.945.647 Page3 Khóa Luyện Giải Bài Tập Môn T iếng Anh The growing interest of consumers in the safety and nutritional quality of the

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