TRNG I HC S PHM H NI KHOA HểA HC ********* HONG TH THANH HNG TNG HP V NGHIấN CU KH NNG HP PH MT S ION KIM LOI NNG CA N-CACBOXYMETYL CHITOSAN KHểA LUN TT NGHIP Chuyờn ngnh: Húa Hc Mụi Trng Ngi hng dn khoa hc ThS NGUYN TIN AN H NI - 2011 Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 LI CM N Trc ht em xin by t lũng bit n sõu sc ti Ths Nguyn Tin An Vin Húa Hc Vin Khoa Hc v Cụng Ngh Vit Nam ó tn tỡnh hng dn v truyn t cho em cỏc phng phỏp nghiờn cu khoa hc v nhng kinh nghim hc tht quý bỏu quỏ trỡnh thc hin bi lun Em xin gi li cm n chõn thnh ti cỏc Thy cụ, cỏc anh ch ti Vin Húa Hc Vin Khoa Hc v Cụng Ngh Vit Nam ó tn tỡnh ging dy, ch bo v dỡu dt em sut quỏ trỡnh thc hin lun ng thi em xin cm n thy giỏo Lờ Cao Khi, cựng ton th cỏc thy cụ giỏo khoa Húa Hc Trng i Hc S Phm H Ni 2, ó to iu kin cho em c tip thu nhng kin thc chuyờn mụn v húa hc hu c v cụng ngh mụi trng Sinh viờn Hong Th Thanh Hng Hong Th Thanh Hng ii K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 Li cam oan Di s hng dn ca Ths Nguyn Tin An, tụi ó hon thnh khúa lun ny Tụi xin cam oan kt qu nghiờn cu ca tụi l hon ton bn thõn tụi nghiờn cu, khụng trựng vi kt qu ca cỏc tỏc gi khỏc Nu cú gỡ sai tụi xin hon ton chu trỏch nhim Sinh viờn Hong Th Thanh Hng Hong Th Thanh Hng iii K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 CC K HIU VIT TT DDA deaxetyl húa DA axetyl húa GlcNAc N-axetyl-D-Glucozamin GLcN Glucosamin DP polyme húa DS th Me CH3 SEC Sc kớ loi tr theo ln phõn t LAB Lactic axit bacterial Ac CH3CO NMP N-metyl pirrolidone DMAc N,N-dimetylaxetamit DCA Dicloaxetic TCA Tricloaxetic FA Axit fomic EA Phng phỏp phõn tớch nguyờn t CTDA chitosan-etecrown DMAP 4-dimetyl aminopiridin HPLC Sc kớ lng cao ỏp O-CMC O-cacboxymetyl chitin/chitosan N-CMC N-cacboxymetyl chitosan Hong Th Thanh Hng iv K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 MC LC Trang LI CM N DANH MC CC HèNH DANH MC CC BNG DANH MC K HIU VIT TT M U 1 t Mc tiờu nghiờn cu Chng1: TNG QUAN Gii thiu chung 1.2 Cu trỳc v tớnh cht ca chitin-chitosan 1.2.1 Cu trỳc chitin-chitosan 1.2.2 Tớnh cht ca chitin- chitosan 1.2.2.1 Tớnh cht vt lý 1.2.2.2 Tớnh cht húa hc 1.2.3 Phng phỏp iu ch chitin-chitosan 1.2.3.1 Tỏch chitin t v ph thi 1.2.3.2 iu ch chitosan 10 1.2.4 axetyl húa axetyl húa 10 1.2.5 Khi lng phõn t 13 1.2.6 Mt s sn phm bin tớnh chitin-chitosan 15 1.2.6.1 Dn xut N-ankyl chitosan 15 1.2.6.2 Dn xut N-cacboxyankyl chitosan 16 1.2.6.3 Dn xut N-axyl chitosan 17 1.2.6.4 Dn xut O-axyl chitosan 18 1.2.6.5 Dn xut O-cacboxyankyl chitin-chitosan 19 Hong Th Thanh Hng v K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 1.2.6.6 Dn xut O-ankyl chitosan 19 1.2.7 ng dng ca chitin-chitosan v dn xut x lý mụi 20 trng Chng 2: THC NGHIM V CC PHNG PHP NGHIấN 26 CU 2.1 Nguyờn liu, húa cht v thit b nghiờn cu 26 2.1.1 Nguyờn liu, húa cht 26 2.1.2 Thit b nghiờn cu 26 2.2 Phng phỏp thc nghim 26 2.2.1 iu ch chitosan t chitin 26 2.2.2 Tng hp v kho sỏt tớnh cht dn xut tan nc N- 27 cacboxymetyl chitosan (N-CMC) 2.2.3 Nghiờn cu kh nng hp ph ion kim loi nng ca N- 27 cacboxylmetyl chitosan Chng 3: KT QU V THO LUN 29 3.1 iu ch chitosan t chitin 29 3.1.1 Phng phỏp iu ch chitosan 29 3.1.2 Ph hng ngoi ca chitin/chitosan 29 3.1.3 Ph cng hng t ht nhõn ca chitosan 31 3.2 33 Tng hp v tớnh cht ca dn xut N-cacboxylmetyl chitosan 3.2.1 Phn ng tng hp dn xut N-cacboxymetyl chitosan 33 3.2.2 Kho sỏt cu trỳc ca N-cacboxymetyl chitosan bng 34 phng phỏp ph hng ngoi (FT-IR) 3.2.3 Kho sỏt N-cacboxymetyl chitosan bng ph cng hng t 34 ht nhõn (NMR) 3.3 Nghiờn cu kh nng hp ph mt s kim loi nng ca N- 37 CMC 3.3.1 Dung lng hp ph Hong Th Thanh Hng 37 vi K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 3.3.2 nh hng ca thi gian hp ph 38 3.3.3 nh hng ca pH n quỏ trỡnh hp ph 39 KT LUN 41 TI LIU THAM KHO 43 Hong Th Thanh Hng vii K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 DANH MC CC HèNH Trang Hỡnh 3.1 Ph hng ngoi ca chitin 30 Hỡnh 3.2 Ph hng ngoi ca chitosan 30 Hình 3.3: Phổ 1H-NMR chitosan 31 Hình 3.4: Phổ 13C-NMR chitosan 31 Hình 3.5: Phổ 1H- 13C-HSQC- NMR chitosan 32 Hỡnh 3.6: Ph hng ngoi ca N-CMC 34 Hỡnh 3.7: Ph 1H-NMR ca N-CMC 35 Hỡnh 3.8: Ph 13C-NMR ca N-CMC 35 Hỡnh 3.9: nh hng ca nng ion kim loi n dung lng 37 hp ph Hỡnh 3.10: nh hng ca pH n kh nng hp ph kim loi 38 ca N-CMC Hỡnh 3.11: nh hng ca pH n kh nng hp ph ion kim 40 loi ca N-CMC Hong Th Thanh Hng viii K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 DANH MC CC BNG Trang Bng 3.1: chuyn dch húa hc ca proton ca chitosan 32 Bng 3.2: chuyn dch húa hc ca cacbon ca Chitosan 33 Bng 3.3: dch chuyn húa hc ca proton ca N-CMC 36 Bng 3.4: chuyn dch húa hc ca cacbon ca N-CMC 36 Hong Th Thanh Hng ix K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 M U t Chitin [poly--(1-4)-2-axetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranozo] l mt nhng polysaccarit vi tr lng ln ch sau xenlulozo, cú v ca cỏc loi ng vt giỏp xỏc nh v tụm, mai cua, mai mcChitinchitosan v cỏc dn xut ca nú l nhng polyme sinh hc quan trng vi nhng tớnh nng c bit m nhiu polysaccarit khỏc khụng cú nh tớnh hũa hp sinh hc, phõn hy sinh hc v khỏng khun, kớch thớch sinh trngDo ú, nú ó c quan tõm nghiờn cu ng dng nhiu lnh vc nh: y dc, m phm, cụng nghip, thc phm, nụng nghip, cụng ngh mụi trngvv [26, 27, 30, 40, 47, 61] Tuy vy, cỏc ng dng ca loi vt liu trờn c s chitin-chitosan cũn rt hn ch kh nng hũa tan kộm hu ht cỏc loi dung mụi Do ú, vic nghiờn cu tng hp cỏc dn xut cú kh nng hũa tan cỏc dung mụi hu c c bit l mụi trng nc thụng qua cỏc phn ng bin tớnh húa hc l rt cn thit Trong nhng nm gn õy cú nhiu nh khoa hc ó c gng thc hin bin tớnh húa hc chitin-chitosan to cỏc dn xut cú kh nng tan dung mụi thụng thng c bit l nc m rng phm vi ng dng ca nú [22, 27, 30] Trong s cỏc dn xut c to t phn ng bin tớnh chitinchitosan, N-cacboxymetyl chitosan [35] l dn xut n gin, tan nc v cú nhiu ng dng rng rói c bit l kh nng hp ph ion kim loi nng nc nhm gúp phn bo v mụi trng Xut phỏt t thc t trờn, tụi chn ti: Tng hp v nghiờn cu kh nng hp ph mt s ion kim loi nng ca N-cacboxymetyl chitosan Mc tiờu nghiờn cu Hong Th Thanh Hng -1- K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 T cỏc ph hỡnh 3.7 v 3.8, trờn c s ph NMR ca chitosan ban u (hỡnh 3.3, 3.4 v 3.5) cú th quy kt cỏc pic ph c trng nh bng 3.3 Bng 3.3: dch chuyn húa hc ca proton ca N-CMC Tớn hiu H1 H1+ H1 H6a H6b H3 H4 H5 (ppm) 5.29 5.05 4.37 4.26 4.33 4.30 4.09 Tớn hiu N(CH2COO-)2 NHCH2COOH2 H2+H2 HOD CH3CO- (ppm) 3.99-3.89 3.89-3.80 3.26 3.09 4.70 2.46 T d liu bng trờn cho thy, ph 1H-NMR ca N-cacboxymetyl chitosan ó cú mt s thay i so vi ph 1H-NMR ca chitosan ú l s xut hin ca cỏc pic hp th c trng vựng t 3,99-3,89ppm v t 3,893,80ppm c quy kt l pic hp th c trng ca nhúm th CH2COOH ca dn xut N-cacboxymetyl chitosan Bờn cnh ú, cỏc pic c trng cho proton H1 v H2 cng thay i ỏng k vi s xut hin cỏc pớc 5,29ppm (H1 ca phn th) v 3.26ppm (H2 ca phn th) Cỏc c trng trờn l c s xỏc nh phn ng ó xy xỏc nh cỏc pic c trng trờn ph 13C-NMR ca dn xut th, so sỏnh vi ph ca chitosan ban u ( hỡnh 3.4) ta cú th quy kt cỏc tớn hiu ca cacbon ca dn xut N-cacboxymetyl chitosan nh bng 3.4 Bng 3.4: chuyn dch húa hc ca cacbon ca N-CMC Tớn hiu -NH-CH2COO-N(CH2COO-)2 C6+C6+C6 C2+C2 C2 (ppm) 52.95 57.63 61.91 64.26 68.30 Hong Th Thanh Hng Tớn hiu C3+C3+C3 C5+C5 C4+C4+C4 C1 + C1+C1 CO ca COCH3 v COOH - 36 - (ppm) 71.37 75.84 79.09 101.1 180.0-180.5 K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 T cỏc tớn hiu c trng bng trờn cho thy, so vi ph ca chitosan ban u, õy cú s xut hin ca hai pic: mt pic cú cng ln ti 57,63ppm v mt pic cú cng trung bỡnh ti 52,95ppm Cỏc pic ny c quy kt cho tớn hiu ca nguyờn t 13C nhúm CH2COO- ca dn xut th õy, cũn cú s dch chuyn mnh ca tớn hiu C2 t 57,2ppm chitosan ban u n 68,3ppm Trờn ph cũn cho thy, cỏc pic tớn hiu ca cỏc nguyờn t cacbon cũn li cú hin tng tỏch nh nhng chuyn dch hoỏ hc khụng ỏng k Nh vy, cú th kt lun ó xy phn ng gia chitosan v axit monocloaxetic hỡnh thnh dn xut tan nc N-CMC 3.3 Nghiờn cu kh nng hp ph mt s kim loi nng ca N-CMC 3.3.1 Dung lng hp ph xỏc nh dung lng hp ph (s mg kim loi m 1g N-CMC hp ph), tin hnh nghiờn cu kh nng hp ph ca chitosan v N-CMC, 30oC 24 gi s dng cỏc ion kim loi cú nng khỏc (cỏc kim loi c s dng di dng cỏc mui hũa tan ca nú) Kt qu xỏc nh mt s ion kim loi ca N-CMC c trỡnh by hỡnh 3.9 Q(mg/g) 200 150 100 50 C(nM) 0 Cu Pb Mn 10 12 Fe Hỡnh 3.9: nh hng ca nng ion kim loi n dung lng hp ph Hong Th Thanh Hng - 37 - K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 T kt qu thu c trờn cho thy, dung lng hp ph kim loi ca N-CMC gim theo th t sau: Cu > Pb > Mn > Fe Dung lng hp ph i vi Cu l 182mg/ 1g N-CMC, ú giỏ tr ny i vi Pb, Mn, Fe tng ng l 157, 149 v 129mg/g Nh vy, kh nng hp ph kim loi ca sn phm chitosan bin tớnh N-cacboxymetyl chitosan cao gp 3-5 ln dung lng hp ph ca chitosan[36, 46] Kt qu trờn cú th gii thớch da trờn bn cht ca quỏ trỡnh hp ph ion kim loi ca chitosan v dn xut S hp ph ion kim loi ca chitosan xy theo c ch to phc chelat i vi dn xut N-CMC, ngoi kh nng to phc dng chelat cũn xy phn ng to kt ta gia nhúm cacboxyl v ion kim loi Nh vy kh nng hp ph ion kim loi ca N-CMC > chitosan[36, 46] 3.3.2 nh hng ca thi gian hp ph Tin hnh kho sỏt kh nng hp ph ca N-CMC mụi trng trung tớnh (pH=7) s dng dung dch mui ca cỏc kim loi cú nng 5mM 30oC vi cỏc thi gian hp ph khỏc ỏnh giỏ kh nng hp ph thụng qua vic xỏc nh t l gia lng ion kim loi hp ph v dung lng hp ph ca N-CMC Kt qu nghiờn cu c minh trờn hỡnh 3.10 T% 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Thoi gian phut Cu Pb Mn Fe Hỡnh 3.10: nh hng ca pH n kh nng hp ph kim loi ca N-CMC Hong Th Thanh Hng - 38 - K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 T kt qu thu c cho thy, kh nng hp ph kim loi t ti dung lng hp ph i vi N-CMC l tng i nhanh, c th i vi mu N-CMC thi gian t hp ph dung lng ti a t 45- 60 phỳt, ú i vi chitosan thi gian dung lng hp ph ti a t 3-4 gi[36, 46] Cú th gii thớch kt qu thu c ny thụng qua vic gii thớch tớnh cht hp ph ca chitosan ban u v dn xut N-cacboxymetyl chitosan i vi chitosan, quỏ trỡnh hp ph ch yu thụng qua vic hỡnh thnh cỏc liờn kt phi trớ gia cỏc cp electron khụng liờn kt (trờn nguyờn t nit v oxi) vi cỏc obitan (d) trng ca ion kim loi chuyn tip Ngoi ra, quỏ trỡnh hp ph ion kim loi chitosan trng thỏi rn nờn din tớch tip xỳc nh ng thi õy cng l nguyờn nhõn lm cn tr chuyn ng t ca cỏc nhúm to phc nờn thi gian hp ph kộo di v dung lng hp ph t thp i vi dn xut N-cacboxymetyl chitosan, quỏ trỡnh hp ph ngoi kh nng to phc tng t chitosan cũn xy s kt hp gia cỏc ion mang in tớch õm ca nhúm cacboxyl (-COO-) vi cỏc ion kim loi mang in tớch dng to thnh dng mui khụng tan Mt khỏc, quỏ trỡnh hp ph N-cacboxymetyl chitosan chuyn dn t dng tan hon ton nc sang trng thỏi kt ta nờn din tớch tip xỳc v linh ng ca cỏc nhúm tham to phc ln lm cho quỏ trỡnh to phc v kt hp vi ion kim loi xy thun li Chớnh vỡ vy, quỏ trỡnh hp ph xy nhanh v dung lng hp ph t c cao hn so vi s dng chitosan 3.3.3 nh hng ca pH n quỏ trỡnh hp ph nghiờn cu nh hng ca giỏ tr pH mụi trng hp ph n kh nng hp ph ion kim loi, tin hnh kho sỏt i vi mu N-CMC, thc hin quỏ trỡnh hp ph 30oC, thi gian gi, nng ion kim loi l 5mM Xỏc nh nng ion kim loi trc v sau hp ph s dng phng phỏp hp ph nguyờn t, ỏnh giỏ kh nng hp ph thụng qua xỏc Hong Th Thanh Hng - 39 - K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 nh t l ca lng hp ph kho sỏt so vi dung lng hp ph thc Kt qu c minh trờn hỡnh 3.11 T% 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 pH Cu Mn Fe Pb Hỡnh 3.11: nh hng ca pH n kh nng hp ph ion kim loi ca N-CMC Kt qu thu c cho thy, i vi N-CMC kh nng hp ph ion kim loi pH thp rt nh Khi pH tng, thỡ kh nng hp ph ion kim loi tng lờn N-CMC hp ph tt pH=6-7,5 iu ny cú th c gii thớch nh sau: Cỏc dn xut N-cacboxymetyl chitosan hp ph kim loi qua s to phc v to mui kt ta tỏch dung dch Tuy nhiờn, õy l mui ca axit yu nờn mụi trng axit mnh dng mui ny b axit húa tr li dng axit nờn khụng cũn s hp ph kim loi qua phn ng to kt ta dn n kh nng hp ph ion kim loi gim Bờn cnh ú, mụi trng axit mnh lm cho cỏc nguyờn t cú cp electron t cú kh nng to phc b proton húa dn n quỏ trỡnh to phc gim v kh nng hp ph ion kim loi gim Hong Th Thanh Hng - 40 - K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 KT LUN Mt s kt qu t c ca lun nh sau: - ó iu ch c chitosan t chitin thụng qua phn ng deaxetyl húa mụi trng kim c (NaOH 50%) Cu trỳc ca chitosan c chng minh bng ph hng ngoi v ph cng hng t ht nhõn - ó tng hp c dn xut tan nc N-cacboxymetyl chitosan bng phn ng cacboxymetyl húa trc tip gia chitosan vi axit monocloaxetic mụi trng kim - ó kho sỏt cu trỳc ca sn phm N-CMC bng phng phỏp ph hng ngoi v phng phỏp ph cng hng t ht nhõn: Ph hng ngoi xut hin pic hp th ti 1744cm-1 c trng cho dao dng húa tr ca nhúm C=O axit; Ph 1H-NMR, xut hin ca cỏc pic tớn hiu 3,89-3,80ppm v 3,99-3,89ppm c trng cho cỏc proton ca nhúm th CH2COOH ca dn xut N-CMC; Ph 13C-NMR, xut hin cỏc pic tớn hiu ti 52,9ppm v 57,6ppm c trng cho nguyờn t cacbon nhúm CH2 ca CH2COO- S dch chuyn mnh ca tớn hiu c trng cho nguyờn t cacbon C2 t 57,2ppm n 68,3ppm, ú cỏc tớn hiu ca cỏc nguyờn t cacbon cũn li hu nh khụng thay i cho thy phn ng ch xy nhúm NH2 ca C2 - Nghiờn cu thm kh nng hp ph ion kim loi nng ca dn xut N-cacboxymetyl chitosan Kt qu cho thy: Dung lng hp ph ca N-CMC gim theo th t: Cu2+ > Pb2+ > Mn2+ > Fe2+; Dung lng hp ph ca N-CMC > chitosan: Dn xut N-cacboxylmetyl chitosan hp ph tt pH=6-7,5 Khi pH gim kh nng hp ph gim mnh; Dn xut N-cacboxymetyl chitosan cú kh nng hp ph rt nhanh cỏc ion kim loi Thi gian t hp ph dung lng ti a khong 45-60 phỳt Hong Th Thanh Hng - 41 - K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 TI LIU THAM KHO Ti liu ting vit Phạm Lê Dũng, Nguyễn Thị Đông, Phạm Thị Mai, Lê Thanh Sơn, Nguyễn Kim Thanh, Chu Đình Kính (1999), Dẫn xuất N-cacboxy Chitosan, chất tương tự chitin, Phần I: N-Cacboxymetyl Chitosan (NCMC), Tạp chí Hóa học, T.38, Số 1, Tr.15-18 Nguyễn Thị Đông, (2003) Tách chitin từ phế thải thuỷ sản phương pháp lên men vi khuẩn axit lactic tổng hợp số dẫn xuất N-cacboxy chitosan, Luận án tiến sĩ hoá học, Viện Hoá HọcTTKHTN CNQG Phạm Thị Bích Hạnh (2003), Nghiên cứu phản ứng đồng trùng hợp ghép số vinyl monomer với Chitin thăm dò khả hấp phụ ion kim loại nặng, Luận án tiến sĩ hóa học, Viện hóa học Trung tâm khoa học tự nhiên công nghệ quốc gia Đỗ Trường 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(1995), Applications of chitin and chitosan for Biomaterials, Biotachnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews, vol.13, December 1995 69 Yu Y., He B., Gu H (1997), The preparation of crossljnked N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan resins and their adsorption properties for triglyceride in serum Chin J React Polym., (1-20), pp 83-88 Hong Th Thanh Hng - 50 - K33- Khoa Húa Hc [...]... hn chitosan Ngoi ra, cú th tng hp dn xut N- ankyl chitosan bng phn ng gia chitosan v halogenua hoc cỏc dn xut halogen Dn xut tan trong nc N, N ,N- trimetyl chitosan ó c tng hp t phn ng ca chitosan vi CH3I vi s cú mt ca NaI v N- metyl-2pyrolidon/NaOH Phn ng xy ra nh sau [13]: OH OH O HO CH3I O NH2 O HO O N( CH3)3 n n 1.2.6.2 Dn xut N- cacboxyankyl chitosan Cỏc dn xut N- cacboxyankyl chitosan c iu ch bng phn... dai khú nghin nh [16] Chitin cú kh nng hp th nc cao, n cú th c nghin nh ri ngõm trong nc, nghin ti thnh dng huyn phự, sau ú em gia cụng thnh giy chitin Do - chitin dai hn n n giy - chitin d sn xut hn Tớnh tan: Vỡ cú li n kt hiro cht ch gia cỏc ph n t n n chitin th hin ỏi lc hn ch vi phn ln cỏc dung mụi Chitin khụng tan trong nc v cỏc dung mụi thụng thng khỏc m ch tan trong dung mụi ph n cc mnh cú cha... lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 - iu ch c chitosan t chitin, nghi n cu cu trỳc ca chitosan - Tng hp dn xut N- cacboxymetyl chitosan t chitosan v axit monocloaxetic - Kho sỏt cu trỳc v tớnh cht c trng c bn ca dn xut Ncacboxymetyl chitosan - Nghi n cu thm dũ kh nng hp ph ion kim loi nng ca dn xut N- cacboxymetyl chitosan v iu kin nh hng n quỏ trỡnh hp ph Hong Th Thanh Hng -2- K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip... dn xut N- axyl chitosan khỏc cng ó c tng hp theo phng phỏp tr n nh: dn xut N- propionyl chitosan, N- butyryl chitosan, N- hexanoyl chitosan, N- octanoyl chitosan, N- lauroyl chitosan, N- benzoyl chitosanvv Cỏc dn xut ny c ng dng ch yu trong cụng nghip dt, cht to mng [17] 1.2.6.4 Dn xut O-axyl chitosan Cỏc dn xut O-axyl chitosan cú th c tng hp t phn ng ca chitosan vi cỏc anhidric axit, halogen axit theo s... kh nng hp ph ion kim loi ca chitin -chitosan v dn xut photphat Kt qu nghi n cu cho thy s cú mt ca nhúm photphoryl trong mch i ph n t chitin -chitosan lm kh nng hp ph mt s ion kim loi nh: Mn2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+ ca chitin -chitosan N( O-cacboxybenzyl) chitosan, N- cacboxymetyl chitosan hai dn xut tan trong nc v dithiocacbonat chitosan dn xut khụng tan trong nc l cỏc cht hp ph ion kim loi t chitosan. .. to thnh Hong Th Thanh Hng - 16 - K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 dng baz Schiff, sau ú di tỏc dng ca tỏc nh n NaCNBH3 s chuyn thnh dn xut N- cacboxymetyl chitosan [43, 50] OH H O=C-COOH NaCNBH3 O O HO NH2 OH O O HO NH n n CH2COOH iu kin thớch hp, ngoi dn xut th mt ln to to dn xut Ncacboxymetyl chitosan, phn ng tr n c n to thnh dn xut N, Ndicacboxymetyl chitosan mt dn xut tan trong nc... Dn xut Ncacboxymetyl chitosan l mt loi vt liu sinh hc y tim nng, c ng dng trong nhiu lnh vc nh y dc, m phm, hp th kim loi nng ng dng trong x lý mụi trng [30, 64] Cỏc dn xut N- cacboxybutyl chitosan v 5-metylpyrolidion chitosan tan tt trong nc v l nhng vt liu cú hot tớnh sinh hc cao Cỏc dn xut N- cacboxyankyl chitosan cng cú th c tng hp t phn ng chitosan cú deaxetyl húa cao vi axit monocloankanoic Phn... Hong Th Thanh Hng -7- K33- Khoa Húa Hc Khúa lun tt nghip Trng HSP HN2 chỳng cú kh nng phn ng cao vi cỏc tỏc nh n electronphin to ra cỏc dn xut tng ng Nhúm NH2 cú th tham gia vo cỏc phn ng nh: ankyl húa kh vi cỏc tỏc nh n cha nhúm cacbonyl nh andehit, anhydric axit Phn ng ankyl húa trc tip vi cỏc tỏc nh n cha nhúm halogen, phn ng Michael vi cỏc tỏc nh n cha li n kt ụi Phn ng bin tớnh vo nhúm NH2 thng... cha nhúm chc amin n n chitin -chitosan v dn xut ca n cú nhiu c tớnh quý nh: tớnh khỏng nm, khỏng khun cao, kớch thớch sinh trng cõy trng, cht bo qun n ng sn, cú kh nng t ph n hy sinh hc cao, khụng gõy d ng khụng gõy c hi cho ngi v gia sỳc, cú kh nng to phc vi mt s kim loi chuyn tip nh: Hg, Cd, Cu, FeChớnh vỡ vy, ngy nay chitinchitosan v cỏc dn xut ó c ng dng rng rói v cú hiu qu trong Hong Th Thanh Hng... cng c s dng hp ph ion kim loi [38] Hydroxymetyl chitin v mt s dn xut tan trong nc khỏc ca chitin l cỏc cht keo t cho nc dng anionic N- benzylsunfonat [67] cng l mt cht hp ph cỏc ion kim loi trong mụi trng axit Mt s dn xut mi ca chitosan ghộp vi ete crown (chitosanetecrown-CTDA) c tng hp t vũng mesodiamin ete crown vi chitosan Nhúm amin C2 ca chitosan c bo v trc bng benzandehit to dng N- benzyliden chitosan ... chitin -chitosan N(O-cacboxybenzyl) chitosan, N-cacboxymetyl chitosan hai dn xut tan nc v dithiocacbonat chitosan dn xut khụng tan nc l cỏc cht hp ph ion kim loi t chitosan cng c s dng hp ph ion kim. .. khả hấp phụ ion kim loại nặng, Luận án tiến sĩ hóa học, Viện hóa học Trung tâm khoa học tự nhiên công nghệ quốc gia Đỗ Trường Thiện, Trần Vĩnh Diệu, Phạm Thị Bích Hạnh (2001), Khảo sát khả hấp. .. xut N-axyl chitosan khỏc cng ó c tng hp theo phng phỏp trờn nh: dn xut N-propionyl chitosan, N-butyryl chitosan, N-hexanoyl chitosan, N-octanoyl chitosan, N-lauroyl chitosan, N-benzoyl chitosanvv