90 Questions Answers of Garments Washing Advised by: Engr Md MAHFUZUR RAHMAN, MEMBER OF IEB,ITET Sr Lecturer, DIU Submitted by: Md.Imran Hasan Student of 13th batch TE dept IMRAN 1.Definition of garment washing? Definition: The technology which is used to modify the appearance, outlook comfortable and fashion of the garments is called garment washing Or, It is a technology by which outlook, size, comfort & fashion of garments / apparels are change of modified and given old garment effect is called Garment Washing 2.Write the purpose of washing? Purpose of washing/Best wash look is the best touch of a garment - This may be explained in the following way: Washing process of garment is done to create wash look appearance After washing the garments create a new looks which seems the new touch of fashion  By the washing technique, faded/old look, color or tinted affect is created in the garments which also seem the best touch of garments  Washing technique creates new fashion such as tagging, grinding, destroy, Blasting, whickering, permanent wrinkle, deep dye, tie dye, P P spray, hand crapping, P.P spoonzing etc This also seems the best touch of garments  The main and important function of washing is to reduce size materials as a result the garment become size free and become soft hand feel  When these soft garments are touched then it seems to best touch of garments  To attraction the customers/Buyer by different types of Fashionable washing and market developments  Due to washing, shrinkage occurs in the garments There is no possibility of further shrinkage of the wash garments  Any dirt, spot or germ if added in the garments during manufacturing is also removed due to washing 3.Write different types of dry processing ? Different types of dry processes are Sand Blasting  Hand Scraping  Permanent wrinkle  Over all wrinkle  P.P Spray  P.P Sponging  Grinding & Destroy  Broken & Tagging Write different types of wet processing? Different types of wet processing are           Normal wash/Garments wash/Rinse wash Pigment wash Caustic wash Enzyme wash (Boi wash &Boi polishing) Stone wash Bleach wash (Ice wash& snow wash) Stone Enzyme wash Acid wash Silicon wash Dip Dyeing Tie & Dye etc 5.Write the machine name which are used in washing plant?Machine which are used in washing plant:                    Sample washing Machine (Horizontal / Vertical Type) Washing Machine (Side loading) Washing Machine (Front loading) Hydro extractor Machine Dryer Machine (Steam) Dryer Machine (Gas) Chemical Mixture Machine Industrial Oven (Gas/Electric) Boiler Submersible Pump Grinding Machine Tagging Machine Steam chamber for crinkle E.T.P (Effluent Treatment Plant) Generator Sand Blasting Gun Sand Blasting chamber Spray gun and dummy Screw compressor 6.Write the chemical names which are used in washing plant? Chemical names which are used in washing plant: o Enzyme o Acetic Acid o Detergent o Antistain o Bleaching powder o Sodium hyposulfite o Caustic Soda o Soda Ash o Sodium Bicarbonate o Potassium permanganate o o o o o o o o o o o o Cationic / nonionic Flax softener Micro Emulsion Silicon Salt (sodium chloride) Buffer Hydrogen peroxide Stabilizer Fixing agent Catanizer Optical Brightner Resin Sodium Metabisulphite Desizing agent 7.What is the purpose of normal wash? Purpose of normal wash: 1.To remove dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities from the garments 2.To remove starch presents on the garment fabrics 3.For soft feeling to wear the garments after purchasing 4.To achieve buyer washing standard 8.Describe the first step & 2nd step of normal / garment wash? Washing process of normal wash: First step: Lot size: - 70 kg Twill/Canvas Garment Add water at L: R = 1: 8-10 560 - 700 Liter Machine Running Add detergent at 0.5 gm / liter 280-350 gm Temperature Sometime cold & sometime 40°c to 60°c Time to 10 minutes Drop the liquor cold wash 2nd Step: Add water at L: R = 1: 420 liter Washing machine running Add Flax softener at 0.6 gm / liter 252 gm Add Acetic Acid at 0.5 gm / liter 210 gm Time to 10 minutes Drop the liquor Unload the Garments on trolley 9.What is the function of Hydro extractor machine? Function of hydro extractor machine: Hydro-extraction the garments to remove excess water from the washed Garments 10.What is the purpose of silicon wash? Purpose of silicon wash: 1.To give durable softness & elastic handle properties 2.To increase anti pilling affects, dimensional stability, and tear resistance 3.To improve wear and easy care properties 11.Write different between normal wash and silicon wash? Difference between normal wash and silicon wash is given bellow: Normal wash Silicon wash To remove dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities from the garments To give durable softness & elastic handle properties To remove starch present on garments fabrics To increase anti pilling affects & dimensional stability For soft feeling to wear the garments To increase tear resistance property after purchasing To achieve buyer washing standard To improve wear and easy care properties 12.Describe the desizing process of silicon wash? Desizing process of silicon wash: Lot weight (Approx 125 Pecs) 60 kg Add water at L: R = 1: 10 600 Liter Machine Running Add Desizing agent at 0.6 gm / liter 360 gm Add Detergent at 0.5 gm / liter 300 gm Temperature 40 50°c Time 10 20 Drop the liquor Rinse one time minutes 13.Describe the softening process of silicon wash? Softening process of silicon wash: Add water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter Add Acetic Acid at 0.6 gm / liter 288 gm Cationic Softener at gm / liter 480 gm Silicon (ME) at 0.5 gm / liter 240 gm Temperature 40°c Time 15 to 20 Drain the bath Then unload the garments on trolley 14.Write the chemical name which is used in pigment wash / caustic wash CHEMICAL USED IN PIGMENT WASHING AND THEIR FUNCTION CAUSTIC SODA (NaOH) :• Caustic created the role in bleach technique without color change the garments • Caustic has a cleaning power which is more powerful then soda Ash • Fading affect/old looking affect come rapidly on garments SODA ASH (Na2Co3) : • Soda ash created alkaline medium for the breakdown of pigment dye • It has also a cleaning power • It has also help color fading affect of garments Detergent: Here detergent is used to remove impurities from the Garment fabric surfaces and temperature helps detergent to enhance its action Detergent removes the impurities from the garments fabric surface During coming these impurities, some pigment will be washed out from the pigment dyed or printed area of the garments As a result fading affect will be developed Acidic Acid (CH3COOH): Acidic Acid is used to neutralize the garment from alkaline condition and to control the pH value in wash bath Flax Softener (Cationic, anionic): Softener is used to make the garments treated textiles is surface feel that is bath sickly and soft and also provides excellent lubricating properties CHEMICAL USED IN CAUSTIC WASH AND THEIR FUNCTION CAUSTIC SODA (NaoH): • Caustic created the role in bleach technique with color change the garments • Caustic has powerful cleaning power • Fading affect/old looking affect come rapidly on garments ACIDIC ACID(CH3COOH): Acidic Acid is used to neutralize the garment from alkaline condition and to control the pH value in wash bath DETERGENT: Here detergent is used to remove impurities from the garments fabric surfaces and temperature helps detergent to enhance its action During these impurities, some color will be washed out from the colored fabric garments As a result fading affect will be developed Flax Softener (Cationic, anionic): Softener is used to make the garments treated textiles is surface feel that is bath sickly and soft and also provides excellent lubricating properties 15.Write the chemical name which are used for Enzyme wash? Chemical which are used for enzyme wash:  Desizing agent  Detergent  Anti back staining agent  Acidic acid  Cationic softener  Chlorine bleach  Soda ash  Sodium hypo sulphite  Sodium bi carbonate  Silicon (ME) 16.Write the desizing / first step process of caustic wash process Desizing process of caustic wash:  Lot size: - 80 kg  Add water at L: R = 1: 640 Liter  Machine Running  Add Caustic soda (NAOH) at 1.60 gm / liter … 1024 gm  Add Detergent at 0.8 gm / liter 432 gm  Temperature 50°c to 60°c  Time (Depend upon the shade) 20 to 60  Drop the liquor  Wash cold water for 17 What is the standard r.p.m of washing machine? The standard r.p.m of washing machine is 28-35 18 Write the chemicals name which are used for softness of garments? Chemicals which are used for softness of garments:  Cationic softener  Silicon  Enzyme 19.Write the chemicals name which are used for good quality hand feel? Chemicals which are used for good quality hand feel areCationic softener Silicon Enzyme 20.What chemical used for protect bleeding / staining on garments? Anti back staining agent is used for the protection of staining / bleeding on garments 21.What process is done for remove starch / sizing materials from the garments? Desizing process is done for removing starch / sizing materials from the garments 22.Why acitic acid is used in Enzyme bath? Acitic acid is used in Enzyme bath to neutralize the garments from alkaline condition and to control the pH value of the bath Or, Acitic acid is used in Enzyme bath to create acitic medium for the better action of enzyme and flax softener 23.Write different between steam dryer & gas dryer Steam dryer Gas dryer Low production rate High production rate Generally light garments are used for Generally Heavy garments are used dry for dry No risk of yellowish formation May be form yellowish effect on the garments 24.Describe the Desizing process of Denim Long Pant? Desizing process of Denim Long Pant: Lot weight (80 Pecs) 60 kg denim long pant Add water at L: R = 1: 540 Liter Machine Running Temperature 60°c Add Desizing agent at 0.6 gm / liter 324 gm Add Detergent at 0.8 gm / liter 432 gm Time 15- 25 Drop the liquor Wash time by cold water 25.Describe the Enzyme bath process of Denim Long Pant by Acid Enzyme? Enzyme bath process of Denim Long Pant by Acid Enzyme is given bellow: Add water at L: R = : 480 Liter Temperature 45°c Add Acetic Acid at 0.6 gm / liter 270 gm Add Anti Back staining at 0.6 gm / liter 270 gm Add Acid Enzyme at 2.00 gm / liter 900 gm Time (Depend upon the shade)…… 30- 60 Increase temperature to 90°c and run minute (enzyme killing) Drain the bath Rinse Twice, each minutes 26.Describe the Enzyme bath process of Denim Long Pant by Neutral Enzyme Enzyme bath process of Denim Long Pant by Neutral Enzyme is described bellow: Add water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter Temperature 45°c 62.What types of dyes used for tinting of readymade garments? Generally Reactive and Direct dyes are used for tinting of Readymade garments 63.Generally which color is used for tinting? Generally Yellow, Brown, Orange etc color is used for tinting 64.Write the main tinting process (dying) by Direct dye? Tinting by Direct Dye: First Step: - After different wet processing i.e Acid wash, Stone wash, Enzyme wash, Stone enzyme wash, Bleach wash take 60 kg garment for Tinting & over dyeing          Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liters Run the Machine Temperature 50 - 80°c Dir Brown GTL - at 0.04% 24 Gms Dir Orange ZTL - at 0.01% Gms Add Salt at 20 gm / liter 8.40 kg Add Leveling agent at 0.5% / 210 gm Time 10 to 30 mts Rinse by cold water minutes Second Step: - FIXING  Batch size 60 kg.==  Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liter  Run the Machine  Temperature 50°c  Add fixing agent at 0.8 %(owf) 480 gm  Time 10 mts Third Step: - Softening        Batch size 60 kg water at L : R = : 420 Liter Add Acetic Acid at 0.6 gm/liter 250 gm Add Cationic softener at gm/liter 420 gm Time 10 mts Drop the liquor Then unload the garments on trolley Fourth Step: - Hydro extractor machine  Hydro extractor machine is used to remove excess water from the garments Fifth Step: - Dryer machine  After hydro extraction the garments are sent to drying m/c for complete drying Sixth Step: - Quality & Delivery After drying the garments go to quality checking & rectify washing fault and then good one delivery 65.Write the tinting process (dying) by reactive dyes Tinting by Reactive dye: First Step: - After different wet processing i.e Acid wash, Stone wash, Enzyme wash,Stone enzyme wash, Bleach wash take 60 kg garment for Tinting & over dyeing           Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liter Run the Machine Temperature 60°c Reactive Red Reactive Yellow - Brown 100 gm Reactive Black Leveling agent - at 0.5 gm / liter .240 gm Salt - at 20 gm / liter 8.40 kg Soda ash at 10 gm / liter 4.20 kg Time 20 to 30 mts  Drop the liquor Second Step: - Fixing  Batch size 60 kg  Water at L: R = : 480 Liter  Run the Machine  Temperature 50°c  Add fixing agent at1 gm / liter 480 gm  Time 10 mts  Drop the liquor Third Step: - Softening  Batch size 60 kg  Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liter  Add Acetic Acid at 0.6 gm/liter 250 gm  Add Cationic softener at gm/liter 420 gm  Time 10 mts  Drop the liquor  Then unload the garments on trolley Fourth Step: - Hydro extractor machine  Hydro extractor machine is used to remove excess water from the garments Fifth Step: - Dryer machine  After hydro extraction the garments are sent to drying m/c for complete drying Sixth Step: - Quality & Delivery  After drying the garments go to quality checking & rectify washing fault and then good one delivery 66.What is standard blowing angle for sand blasting? The standard blowing angle for sand blasting is 10-20 Degree 67.What are the main ingredients for sand blasting process? The main ingredients for sand blasting process are Aluminum oxide(Al2O3)  Sand blasting gun  Sand blasting bed  Sand blasting chamber  Hand gloves  Musk  Uniform  Helmet  Ear flag 68.Write the approximate production / hrs / gun of sand blasting The approximate production /hrs/gun varies from 25-50 pcs garments depend on the area, extent to fading 69.Write the name of protective items for health in the sand blasting process Protective items for health in the sand blasting process are Hand gloves  Musk  Helmet  Ear flag and  Uniform 70.What you mean by P.P spray?  P.P spray is doing in Denim, Twill, Poplin, Corduroy, generally middle of washi.e after enzyme wash, stone enzyme wash  If need some particular area more white then we are doing P.P spray  After P.P spray need to neutralize the garment Sodium Metabisulphite , thenwhitish effect come on respective area of garments  Standard stock solution for P.P spray is 0.4% i.e 100 liter water 400 gramspotassium permanganate  P.P spray is done nozzle and has a switch to start & stop  For spray on garments need dry air which is supplied from screw compressor and P.P stock solution tank  P.P spray in garment need on chamber, different types of dummy and exhaust fan 71.What you mean by P.P sponging?  P.P sponging is doing in Denim, Twill, Poplin, corduroy generally middle of wash i.e after enzyme wash, stone enzyme wash  If need some area more white then we are doing P.P sponging  After P.P sponging sodium meta bisulphite is used to neutralize the garments  Standard stock solution for P.P sponging is 0.4% i.e 100 liter water 400 gramspotassium permanganate  P.P sponging is done manually  By foam/ fabric pcs wet in p.p.stock solution and rubbing particular area of garments as result fading affects on garments  P.P sponging operator must be used Hand gloves, Helmet, Mask, Ear plug &uniform for their safety 72.What is the purpose of P.P spray? The purpose of P.P spray is to create more fading affect on particular area of garments 73.What is the purpose of P.P sponging? The purpose of P.P sponging is also to create more fading affect on particular area of garments 74.What you mean by whiskering? Whiskering: A process of whickering denim/Canvas/Twill/Corduroy garment is deserved below: By rubber pattern & sand blasting gun i.e rubber pattern set on garment and sandthrough over the pattern by nozzle  By manually created whisker by sand paper on garment  Make a pattern just like pacific whisker and put it inside the garment, then rubbingfront side of garment over pattern,  By p.p spray and p.p sponging on garments  Mentioned all process is done on garments fadding effect occurs in garments 75.What you mean by tagging? Tagging: Tagging is doing on garment for fashion and value added fashion wear  Tagging is doing by Tagging machine  Tagging is doing also by needle & thread & manually  After wash upper portion of garment shows crease marks and inside of taggingoccurs Dark shade 76.What you mean by Grinding? Grinding:  Grinding is doing on garment for mainly old/used look appearance & fashion  Grinding is doing on hem, pocket edge, west belt, pocket opening, and pocket pluf of garments  Grinding is done by grinding machine, sand paper by manually 77 What you mean by destroy? Destroy:  Destroy is newly fashion on garments  Destroy is doing by manually  Different types of machine used for destroy the garments  Grinding machine,Emery cloth, Hacksaw blade, Knife etc  When destroy is done one garment, it seems to be long time used effect 78.What types of fabrics are suitable for permanent wrinkle? Fabrics which are suitable for permanent wrinkle areGenerally Denim, Twill, Canvas, Poplin, knit and Polyester fabrics are suitable for permanent wrinkle 79.Write the chemical name for permanent crinkle on the garments For permanent wrinkle we use resin on the garments which must be dilute with water Itmight be 80% water and 20% resin 80.What is the standard temperature for permanent crinkle on oven? The standard temperature for permanent crinkle on oven is 140- 160 Degree c 81.What is the standard time is required for permanent crinkle in the oven? The standard time is required for permanent crinkle in the oven is 20-40 mintues 82.What you mean by overall crinkle? OVERALL WRINKLE PROCESS: Generally overall wrinkle is doing on garments after all types of wet process & dryprocess  Overall wrinkle is done on the garment made from all types of fabrics like, Denim,Twill, Canvas, Poplin, Corduroy, Knit, Polyester, Viscose & Nylon etc  Now tie the whole garment in tight position by thread  For overall wrinkle, we are used resin in washing machine with water and run tiedgarments for to 10 minutes at 50°c temperature  Then unload the garments from washing machine to trolley for hydro extractor toremove the excess water  Open the tie or cut the thread  Now hanger the garments into the hanger trolley Trolley capacity appreciates 80-100 pcs garments  Then trolley with resin treatment garments put inside the Industrial oven  Set temperature 140°c to 160°c, Time 50-70 minutes  Start the machine  When setting time is over, machines are automatically off  After heating time over garments with hanger will stay 10 minutes for cold in oven  Now open the door and trolley with garments out from oven and go to quality section, checking & delivery 83.What types of dyes are used for 100% cotton readymade garments? Dyes used for 100 % cotton readymade garments are Reactive dyes  Direct dyes  Sulpher dyes  Vat dyes  Azoic dyes  Pigment dyes 84.What you mean by ready for dying garments? Ready for dyeing garments means the garments in which precaution steps for dyeing hasbeen already done, i.e the garments which is ready for dyeing process 85.Write the main / first step of ready for dyeing process First step of ready for dyeing process :Desizing process:  Batch size 60 kg cotton shirt (grey)  Water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter  Running the machine  Temperature 90°c  Detergent at 2% 1.2 kg  Caustic at 8% 4.8 kg  Soda Ash at 5% 3.00 kg  Hydrogen Peroxide (H2o2) at 12% 7.20 kg  Stabilizer at 5% 3.00 kg  Time 60 to 80mts  Drop the liquor 86 What mean by super white process? Super white:  Normally done on the garments made from cotton grey fabric  The garments after wash become extremely white  Washing is carried out in steps: WASHING PROCESS:First Step: Batch size 60 kg cotton shirt (grey)  Water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter  Running the machine  Temperature 90°c  Detergent at 2% (owf) 1.20 kg  Caustic Soda at 8% (owf) 4.80 kg  Soda Ash at 5% (owf) 3.00 kg  Hydrogen Peroxide (H2o2) at 12% (owf) 7.20 kg  Stabilizer at 5% (owf) 3.00 kg  Time 70 -80 mts  Drop the liquor Second Step: Batch size 60 kg  Water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter  Running the machine  Temperature 90°c  Detergent at 2% 1.20 kg  Caustic at 4% 2.40 kg  Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) at 10% 6.00 kg  Stabilizer at 2% 1.20 kg  Time 40 70 mts  Drop the liquor Third Step: - HOT WASH  Batch size 60 kg  Water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter  Running the machine  Temperature 50°c  Time mts  Drop the liquor Fourth Step: - NEUTRAL  Batch size 60 kg  Water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter  Acetic Acidat 1% 600 gm  Time mts  Drop the liquor Fifth Step: Batch size 60 kg  Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liter  Machine Start  Optical Brightener 0.5% 300 gm  Time mts  Drop the liquor Sixth Step: - Softening  Batch size 60 kg  Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liter  Non-ionic Softener at 0.4% 240 gm  Micro Emulsion silicon at 0.4% 240 gm  Time to 10 mts  Drop the liquor  Then unload the garment on trolley Seventh Step: - Hydro extractor machine Hydro extractor machine is used to remove excess water from the garments Eighth Step: - Drying machine  Load 50 kg garments to steam dryer  Temperature set 70°c  Run about 40-45 mts  After run 10 to 15 mts for cold dry Ninth Step: - Quality & Delivery After drying the garments go to quality checking & rectify washing fault and thengood one delivery 87.Write the chemicals name which are used for super white process Chemicals which are used for super white process are• Detergent • Caustic soda(NaOH) • Soda ash(Na2CO3) • Hydrogen per oxide(H2O2) • Stabilizer • Optical Brightener • Non – ionic Softener • Micro Emulsion silicon • Acetic acid 88.Write the dyeing bath process of pigment dyes for cotton readymade garments PIGMENT DYEING PROCESS AT EXHAUST: First Step: - Cationizing Batch size 60 kg ready for dyeing garments Water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter Machine running Add Cationizing (Acramin prefix K)at 4% 2.40 kg Machine run at room temperature for 10 mts After 10 mts run, temperature raise to 60°c Now run 20 mts Drop the liquor Second Step: - HOT WASH Batch size 60 kg Water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter Running the machine Temperature 60°c Time mts Drop the liquor.Third Step: - Dyeing Batch size 60 kg Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liter Add Pigment Red at 3% 1800 gm Pigment Black at 0.1% 60 gm Add Acetic Acid at 1cc/liter 420 cc Temperature 80°c-85°c Time 30 -40 mts Drop the liquor Fourth Step: - FIXING Batch size 60 kg Water at L: R = 1: 480 Liter Add Binder at 5% 3.00 kg Temperature 30°c - 40 Time 10 - 20 mts Fifth Step: - Softening Batch size 60 kg Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liter Add Acetic Acid at 0.6 gm/liter 250 gm Add cationic softener at gm/liter 420 gm Time 10 mts Drop the liquor Then unload the garments trolley Sixth Step: - Hydro extractor machine Hydro extractor machine is used to remove excess water from the garments Seventh Step: - Drying machine Load 50 kg garments to steam dryer Temperature set 70°c Run about 40-45 mts After run 10 to 15 mts for cold dry Eighth Step: - Quality & Delivery After drying the garments go to quality checking & rectify washing fault and then good one delivery 89.Write the dyeing bath process of Sulpher dyes for cotton readymade garments SULPHER DYEING: First Step: - Cationization Batch size 60 kg garments ready for dyeing Water at L : R = : 480 Liter Machine running Add Cationization (Indosol E-50 liter) at 4% 2.40 kg Temperature 60°c Time 30-40 mts Drop the liquor Second Step:- Dyeing Batch size 60 kg Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liter Optical Yellow - 2.50% 1500 gm Optical Orange - 0.4% 240 gm Add Salt at 20 gm/liter 8.40 kg Temperature 90°c Time 60 to 70 mts Drop the liquor Rinse overflow until clear water Third Step: - Softening Batch size 60 kg Water at L: R = 1: 420 Liter Add Acetic Acid at 0.6 gm/liter 250 gm Add cationic softener at gm/liter 420 gm Time 10 mts Drop the liquor Then unload the garments trolley Fourth Step: - Hydro extractor machine Hydro extractor machine is used to remove excess water from the garments Fifth Step: - Drying machine Load 50 kg garments to steam dryer Temperature set 70°c Run about 40-45 mts After run 10 to 15 mts for cold dry Sixth Step :- Quality & Delivery After drying the garments go to quality checking & rectify washing fault and thengood one delivery 90.Write difference between sand blasting and hand scraping Difference between sand blasting and hand scraping is given bellow: Sand Blasting Hand Scraping Aluminum oxide is used of sand blasting Emery paper is used for hand scraping Done with the help of sand blasting gun Done with the help of hand High risk f fabric damage Low risk of fabric damage Hazardous for health Not Hazardous for health [...]... the garments 48.Which dryer is suitable to dry white readymade garments and why? Steam dryer is suitable to dry white readymade garments because there is no risk of yellowish formation on the garments 49.Describe the risk/ problem of gas dryer If we use gas dryer then there is a great possibility of yellowish formation on the garments 50.Describe the fault/ problem of garments if Excess load in the washing. .. delivery 56.Write the name of steps of Enzyme wash process of Denim Dark Enzyme wash process Steps of Enzyme wash process of Denim Dark Enzyme process:  Pretreatment / Desizig  Enzyme  Softening  Hydro extractor machine  Drying machine  Deliver 57.Write the flow chart of Medium Enzyme shah wash of Denim Readymade Garments Flow chart of Medium shade enzyme washes of Denim Readymade GarmentsPretreatment... are the reasons of after wash hole? 52.What is the standard r.p.m (inner drum) of industrial dryer? 53.If inner drum r.p.m of washing machine and dryer machine is too high, what types of effect on garments? 54.What is the standard L:R for Desizing, Enzyme bath and Softener bath? Standard L:R for desizing is 1:9 ,for Enzyme bath= 1:8 and for Softener bath= 1:8 55.Write the name of steps of stone Enzyme... garments  Spot on garments  Out of range / level of pH value of garments 43.Write the function of Anti stain, Detergent, Potassium Permanganate, Micro Emulsion Softener, Hydrogen Peroxide, Optical Brightener and desizing agent Anti stain: Anti stain is used to prevent the staining on weft yarn of the denim (white yarn), white pockets of garment, levels, and contacted fabrics of garment and increased... process of Denim Long Pant Steps of stone Enzyme wash process of Denim Long Pant are given bellow:  Pretreatment/ Desizing  Hot wash  Enzyme  Bleaching  Neutral wash  Soft wash  Hydro extractor machine  Drying machine  Delivery STONE ENZYME WASH Now in our Bangladesh maximum Denim garment is washing STONE ENZYMEWASH It is most popular wash for Buyer A process of stone enzyme wash of 60 kg batch of. .. for their safety 72.What is the purpose of P.P spray? The purpose of P.P spray is to create more fading affect on particular area of garments 73.What is the purpose of P.P sponging? The purpose of P.P sponging is also to create more fading affect on particular area of garments 74.What do you mean by whiskering? Whiskering: A process of whickering denim/Canvas/Twill/Corduroy garment is deserved below:... oxide is used in scouring, bleaching bath for white/ready for dyeing of gray fabric garments It is used also neutralized the garment from alkaline condition Optical Brightener: Two types of optical brightener are used in the washing plant– a)Red brightener b) Blue brightener Mainly optical brightener is used for improve the brightness of garments Desizing Agent:Desizing agent is used to remove mainly... /Bleeding occurs more in garments Less staining/\bleeding on garments Production is high Production is less Used for medium and light shade Used for dark shade 35.How can control the pH value in garments? By the appropriate use of acidic acid, buffer and hydrogen peroxide we can neutralize the garments from alkaline condition and therefore can control the pH value in garments 36.What types of Enzyme is suitable... for Dark shade Enzyme wash of Denim Long Pant & why? Neutral Enzyme is suitable for Dark shade Enzyme wash of Denim Long Pant Because 37.What type of Enzyme is suitable for medium / light shade Enzyme wash of Denim skirt? Acid Enzyme is suitable for medium/ light shade Enzyme wash of Denim skirt 38.Write Desizing process of twill Long Pant for Enzyme wash Desizing process of twill Long Pant for Enzyme... types of washing faults Different types of washing faults are Color shade variation  Crease Marks  After wash hole  Very dark & very light  Bleach Spot  Bottom hem & course edge destroy  Running shading  Over blasting / low Blasting  Over grinding / low grinding  Bad smell due to poor neutralization  Poor hand feel  To high hairiness  Poor brightness  High or low affect / abrasion on garments ... standard r.p.m of washing machine? The standard r.p.m of washing machine is 28-35 18 Write the chemicals name which are used for softness of garments? Chemicals which are used for softness of garments: ... used in washing plant?Machine which are used in washing plant:                    Sample washing Machine (Horizontal / Vertical Type) Washing Machine (Side loading) Washing. .. by different types of Fashionable washing and market developments  Due to washing, shrinkage occurs in the garments There is no possibility of further shrinkage of the wash garments  Any dirt,