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1. ɪd sau âm t, d 2. t sau những phụ âm vô thanh (trừ âm t) : p, k, f, ʃ, s, tʃ, θ 3. d sau những nguyên âm và phụ âm hữu thanh (trừ âm d) : ð, b, v, z, ʒ, dʒ, g, m, n, ŋ, l EXERCISE 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others 1. A. arrived B. believed C. received D. hoped 2. A. opened B. knocked C. played D. occurred 3. A. rubbed B. tugged C. stopped D. filled 4. A. dimmed B. travelled C. passed D. stirred 5. A. tipped B. begged C. quarrelled D. carried 6. A. tried B. obeyed C. cleaned D. asked 7. A. packed B. added C. worked D. pronounced 8. A. watched B. phoned C. referred
PRONUNCIATION OF -ed ụng t co quy tc thờm ed c phat õm nh sau: 1. /d/ sau õm /t, d/ 2. /t/ sau nhng phu õm vụ (tr õm /t/) : /p, k, f, , s, t, / 3. /d/ sau nhng nguyờn õm va phu õm hu (tr õm /d/) : / , b, v, z, , d, g, m, n, , l/ EXERCISE 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others 1. A. arrived B. believed C. received D. hoped 2. A. opened B. knocked C. played D. occurred 3. A. rubbed B. tugged C. stopped D. filled 4. A. dimmed B. travelled C. passed D. stirred 5. A. tipped B. begged C. quarrelled D. carried 6. A. tried B. obeyed C. cleaned D. asked 7. A. packed B. added C. worked D. pronounced 8. A. watched B. phoned C. referred D. followed 9. A. agreed B. succeeded C. smiled D. loved 10. A. laughed B. washed C. helped D. weighed 11. A. walked B. ended C. started D. wanted 12. A. killed B. hurried C. regretted D. planned 13. A. visited B. showed C. wondered D. studied 14. A. sacrificed B. finished C. fixed D. seized 15. A. needed B. booked C. stopped D. washed 16. A. loved B. teased C. washed D. rained 17. A. packed B. punched C. pleased D. pushed 18. A. filled D. wicked 19. A. caused D. promised 20. A. washed D. barked 21. A. killed D. waived 22. A. imagined D. followed 23. A. called D. washed 24. A. landed D. wanted 25. A. cleaned D. started 26. A. talked D. stepped 27. A. wished D. turned 28. A. considered D. roughed 29. A. produced D. fixed 30. A. caused D. advised 31. A. discovered D. opened 32. A. repaired D. succeeded 33. A. improved D. encouraged 34. A. delivered D. obeyed 35. A. painted D. equipped 36. A. tested D. founded 37. A. used D. rained 38. A. allowed D. mixed 39. A. switched D. cleared 40. A. recommended B. naked C. suited B. increased C. practised B. parted C. passed B. cured C. crashed B. released C. rained B. passed C. talked B. needed C. opened B. attended C. visited B. fished C. arrived B. wrapped C. laughed B. rescued C. pulled B. arranged C. checked B. examined C. operated B. destroyed C. developed B. invented C. wounded B. parked C. broadened B. organized C. replaced B. provided C. protected B. marked C. presented B. finished C. married B. dressed C. flashed B. stayed C. believed B. waited C. handed D. designed 41. A. annoyed D. remembered 42. A. hurried D. wondered 43. A. posted D. arrested 44. A. dreamed D. admired 45. A. admitted D. competed 46. A. announced D. argued 47. A. complained D. polished 48. A. declared D. joined 49. A. contributed D. vanished 50. A. whispered D. sentenced B. phoned C. watched B. decided C. planned B. added C. managed B. neglected C. denied B. advanced C. appointed B. apologized C. answered B. applied C. compared B. exchanged C. excused B. jumped C. introduced B. wandered C. sympathized PRONUNCIATION OF -s/-es Cach phat õm s hoc es sau ụng t hoc danh t phu thuục vao õm ng phia trc no. ụng t hoc danh t thờm s hoc es c phat õm nh sau: 1. /z/ sau ụng t hoc danh t tõn cung bng nhng õm /s/, /z/, //, //, /t/, /d/ 2. /s/ sau ụng t hoc danh t tõn cung bng nhng õm vụ /p/, /k/, /f/, //, /t/ 3. /z/ sau ụng t hoc danh t tõn cung bng õm lai. EXERCISE 2: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others 1. A. skims B. works C. sits D. laughs 2. A. fixes B. pushes C. misses D. goes 3. A. cries B. buzzes C. studies D. supplies 4. A. holds B. notes C. replies D. sings 5. A. keeps B. gives C. cleans D. prepares 6. A. runs B. fills C. draws D. catches 7. A. drops B. kicks C. sees D. hopes 8. A. types B. knocks C. changes D. wants 9. A. drinks B. rides C. travels D. leaves 10. A. calls B. glasses C. smiles D. learns 11. A. schools B. yards C. labs D. seats 12. A. knives B. trees C. classes D. agrees 13. A. buses B. horses C. causes D. ties 14. A. garages B. boats C. bikes D. roofs 15. A. ships B. roads C. streets D. speaks 16. A. beliefs D. apples 17. A. books D. erasers 18. A. houses D. changes 19. A. roofs D. bats 20. A. hats D. desks 21. A. gives D. finishes 22. A. sees D. needs 23. A. seeks D. looks 24. A. tries D. studies 25. A. says D. boys 26. A. eyes D. faces 27. A. posts D. keeps 28. A. beds D. rulers 29. A. stools D. forks 30. A. buses D. plates B. cups C. plates B. days C. songs B. knives C. clauses B. banks C. hills B. tables B. passes C. tests C. dances B. sings B. plays C. meets C. gets B. receives C. teaches B. pays C. stays B. apples C. tables B. types C. wives B. pens C. notebooks B. cards C. cabs B. crashes C. bridges CC CM T TING ANH HAY - HU CH KHI GIAO TIP (Part 1) Last but not least: Sau cựng nhng khụng kộm phn quan trng Little by little: Tng li, tng tý Let me go: tụi i Let me be: K tụi Long time no see: Lõu quỏ khụng gp Make yourself at home: C t nhiờn Make yourself comfortable: C t nhiờn My pleasure: Hõn hnh More recently,: gn õy hn,. Make best use of: tn dng ti a Nothing: Khụng cú gỡ Nothing at all: Khụng cú gỡ c No choice: Khụng cú s la chn No hard feeling: Khụng gin ch Not a chance: Chng bao gi Now or never: Bõy gi hoc khụng bao gi No way out/dead end: khụng li thoỏt, cựng ng No more: Khụng hn No more, no less: Khụng hn, khụng kộm No kidding?: Khụng ựa y ch? Never say never: ng bao gi núi chng bao gi none of your business: Khụng phi chuyn ca anh Be of my age: C tui tụi Big mouth: Nhiu chuyn By the way: ny Be my guest: T nhiờn Break it up: Dng tay Come on: Thụi m gng lờn, c lờn Come off it: ng xo Cut it out: ng gin na, ngng li Dead end: ng cựng Dead meat: Cht chc What for?: lm gỡ? Don't bother: ng bn tõm Do you mind: Lm phin Don't be nosy: ng nhiu chuyn Take it easy: T t Let me be: K tụi No hard feeling: Khụng gin ch Piece of cake: D thụi m, d t Poor thing: Tht ti nghip One way or another: Khụng bng cỏch ny thỡ bng cỏch khỏc One thing lead to another: Ht chuyn ny n chuyn khỏc So what?: Vy thỡ sao? So so: Thng thụi Too good to be true: Thit khú Too bad: Rỏng chi Well then: Vy thỡ Way to go: Khỏ lm, c lm Why not ?: Sao li khụng? Alway the same. Trc sau nh mt Hit it off. Tõm u ý hp Hit or miss. c chng hay ch Add fuel to the fire. Thờm du vo la To eat well and can dress beautifully. n trng mc trn Dont mention it! = Youre welcome = Thats allright! = Not at all. Khụng cú chi Just kidding. Ch ựa thụi No, not a bit. Khụng chng cú gỡ Nothing particular! Khụng cú gỡ c bit c After you. Bn trc i Have I got your word on that? Tụi cú nờn tin vo li ca anh khụng? The same as usual! Ging nh mi Almost! Gn xong ri You ll have to step on it. Bn phi i Im in a hurry. Tụi ang bn What the hell is going on? Chuyn quỏi qu gỡ ang din vy? Sorry for bothering! Xin li vỡ ó lm phin Give me a certain time! Cho mỡnh thờm thi gian Provincial! Quờ! Decourages me much! Lm nn lũng Its a kind of once-in-life! C hi ngn nm cú mt Out of sight out of mind! Xa mt cỏch lũng The God knows! Chỳa mi bit c Women love throught ears, while men love throught eyes! Con gỏi yờu bng tai, trai yờu bng mt. Poor you/me/him/her! ti nghip my/tao/thng ú/ ú Go along with you. Cỳt i Let me see. tụi xem ó/ tụi suy ngh ó None your business. Khụng phi vic ca my/ngi Hell with haggling! - Thõy k no! Mark my words! - Nh li tụi o! What a relief! - qua! Enjoy your meal! - n ngon ming nha! It serves you right! - ang i cõu! The more, the merrier! - Cang ụng cang vui boys will be boys! - No ch la tr thụi ma! Good job! / Well done! - Lam tt lm! Just for fun! - Cho vui thụi. Try your best! - C gng lờn. Make some noise! - Sụi ni lờn nao! Congratulations! - Chỳc mng! Rain cats and dogs. - Ma tm tó. Love you love your dog. - Yờu yờu c ng i, ghột ghột c tụng ty h hang. Strike it. - Trỳng qu. Alway the same. - Trc sau nh mụt. Hit it off. - Tõm u ý hp. Hit or miss. - c chng hay ch. Add fuel to the fire. - Thờm du vao la. Don't mention it! / Not at all. - Khụng co chi. Just kidding (joking) - Ch ua thụi. No, not a bit. - Khụng chng co gỡ. Nothing particular! - Khụng co gỡ c bit c. Have I got your word on that? Tụi co nờn tin vao li ca anh khụng? The same as usual! - Ging nh mi khi. Almost! - Gn xong ri. You 'll have to step on it. - Ban phi i ngay. I'm in a hurry. - Tụi ang bõn. Sorry for bothering! - Xin li vỡ ó lam phin. Give me a certain time! - Cho mỡnh thờm thi gian. Provincial! - Sn. Discourages me much! - Lam nn long. It's a kind of once-in-life! - C hụi ngan nm co mụt. The God knows! - Chỳa mi bit c. Poor you/me/him/her !- Tụi nghip ban/tụi/cõu y/cụ y. Got a minute? - ang rnh ch? Ill be shot if I know - Bit cht lin Ill treat! - Chu tao ói! CU TRC TIP CU GIN TIP *Remember:-Khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp cần lu ý số vấn đề sau: a.Nếu động từ tờng thuật chia thì giữ nguyên động từ chính,các đại từ định,các trạng từ nơi chốn nh trạng từ thời gian câu trực tiếp chuyển sang câu gián tiếp. Eg:Hoa says,I want to go home. ng t TT-V chinh Hoa says she wants to go home. -He says,I am going to Hanoi next week. He says he is going to HN next week b.Nếu động từ tuờng thuật câu khứ phải lùi động từ khứ bậc chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián quy tắc sau: Tenses: Direct Speech(Li núi trc tip) Reported Speech(li núi giỏn tip) Present simple Present progressive Past simple Past progresive Hin ti n Hin ti tip din Quỏ kh n Quỏ kh tip din Past simple Quỏ kh n Past progressive Quỏ kh tip din Past perfect Quỏ kh hon thnh Past perfect progressive QK hon thnh tip Present perfect Hin ti hon thnh Present perfect progressive din Past perfect Quỏ kh hon thnh Past perfect progressive Hin ti hon thnh tip din Past perfect Quỏ kh hon thnh Past perfect progressive Quỏ kh hon thnh tip din Past perfect Quỏ kh hon thnh Past perfect progressive Quỏ kh hon thnh tip din Quỏ kh hon thnh tip din Will/shall would/should; musthad to. *Cỏc trng t ch thi gian v ni chn cng nh i t ch nh c thay i theo quy tc sau: today that day tonightthat night tomorrowthe next day/the following day thisthat yesterdaythe day before/the previous day thesethose agobefore this/thatthe nowthen herethere. next Sundaythe next/following Sunday last Tuesdaythe previous Tuesday/the Tuesday before. The day after tomorrowin two days time/two days later. Nguyờn tc trờn c ỏp dng cho tt c cỏc loi cõu tng thut. **Cú loi cõu tng thut c bn: 1.Reported statements(tng thut dng cõu k) S+say(s)/said+(that)+S+V *says/say to+Otells/tell+O said to+Otold+O Eg:He said to meI havent finished my workHe told me he hadnt finished his work. 2.Reported questions:(Tng thut dng cõu hi) a.Yes/No questions: S+asked/wanted to know/wondered+if/weather+S+V Eg .Are you angry?he askedHe asked if/whether I was angry. (Chuyn cõu hi cõu trc tip sang dng khng nh ri thc hin thay i thỡ,trng t ch thi gian,ni chn,ch ng,tõn ng .) b.Wh-questions: S+asked(+O)/wanted to know/wondered+Wh-words+S+V. *says/say to+Oasks/ask+O said to+Oasked+O. Eg.What are you talking about?said the teacher. The teacher asked us what we were talking about. 3.Reported commands.(Tng thut cõu mnh lnh) *Khng nh:S+told+O+to-infinitive. Eg.Please wait for me here,Mary.Tom saidTom told Mary to wait for him there. *Ph nh:S+told+O+not to-infinitive. Eg.Dont talk in class,the teacher said to us.-->The teacher told us not to talk in class. *Reporting verbs: -agree,decide,offer,promise,refuse .+to-infinitive -advise,ask,encourage,invite,remind,tell,want,warn .+O+to infinitive -admit(tha nhn),deny(ph nhn),stop,suggest .+-ing form) **Cõu iu kin li núi giỏn tip: 1.iu kin cú tht,cú th xy ra:Chỳng ta ỏp dng quy tc chung ca li núi giỏn tip. Eg.He said,If I have much money,Ill travel around the world. He said (that)If he had much money ,he would travel around the world. 2.iu kin khụng cú tht/gi s:Chỳng ta gi nguyờn,khụng i. Eg.If I had two wings,I would fly everywhere,he said He said If he had two wings,he would fly everywhere. [...]... know/wondered+if/weather+S+V Eg ”Are you angry?”he askedàHe asked if/whether I was angry (Chuyển câu hỏi ở câu trực tiếp sang dạng khẳng định rồi thực hiện thay đ ổi • thì,trạng từ chỉ thời gian,nơi chốn,chủ ngữ, tân ngữ ) b.Wh-questions: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • S+asked(+O)/wanted to know/wondered+Wh-words+S+V *says/say to+Oàasks/ask+O said to+Oàasked+O Eg.”What are you talking about?”said the teacher . bi t cặ ệ ả • After you. B n tr c điạ ướ • Have I got your word on that? Tôi có nên tin vào l i h a c a anh không?ờ ứ ủ • The same as usual! Gi ng nh m i khiố ư ọ • Almost! G n xong r iầ ồ • You. ứ Never say never: ng bao gi nói ch ng bao giĐừ ờ ẳ ờ none of your business: Không ph i chuy n c a anh ệ ủ Be of my age: C tu i tôiỡ ổ Big mouth: Nhi u chuy nề ệ By the way: À này Be my guest:. it off. Tâm đ u ý h pầ ợ • Hit or miss. c ch ng hay chĐượ ă ớ • Add fuel to the fire. Thêm d u vào l aầ ử • To eat well and can dress beautifully. n tr ng m c tr nĂ ắ ặ ơ • Don’t mention it!