PROJECT REPORT ON REACTION MECHANISM OF REACTIVE DYES IN BENGAL HURRICANE GROUP ON CELLULOSE FIBER. BASIS OF BENGAL HURRICANE GROUP Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshir ID: 2010000400008 13 th Batch (session 2009-2013) Department : Wet Processing Technology Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com Blog : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit) Southeast University Department Of Textile Engineering I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh Prepared By : ©right CONTENTS • Introduction • Raw Materials • Importance of The Survey • Reason of using Reactive dyes in major textile industry in Bangladesh • Methods of Dyeing & Printing Cotton Goods with Reactive Dyes • Technical Deficiency of Reactive Dyes, Causes and Remedies of Technical Deficiency • Conclusion Chapter 1 Acknowledgement Project Work is an academic function of the Pabna Textile Engineering College. Our teacher Md. Abdul Mannan, Principal, Pabna Textile Engineering College, gave us an opportunity to choose preferable mills for Project Work. I chose Bengal Hurricane Dyeing & printing (pvt.) Ltd. joyfully with the supervision of Mithun Biswas, Asst. Manager(production). During the Project with Bengal Hurricane Dyeing & printing (pvt.) Ltd. I worked in all the departments related with Dyes and Chemicals. Beside these, I learned about Dye Quality Control and Storage System,printing, Garments, Store & Inventory , finishing & specially dyeing. Our deepest appreciation goes to Mithun Biswas, Asst. Manager(production)Dyeing, Bengal Hurricane Dyeing & printing (pvt.) Ltd. to give us the opportunity to have project work at BENGAL HURRICAN GROUP. I would like to thank Engr. Md. Iqbal Mahamud (Head of the Factory), GM, Dyeing, Bengal Hurricane Dyeing & printing (pvt.) Ltd. for helping to know about the all aspects of BENGAL HURRICAN GROUP. I would also like to thank Tareq Ahmed(Deputy Manager),Md.Anwarul Islam(Deputy Manager), Md. Arif Rabbani Talukdar(Deputy Manager),Dyeing, Bengal Hurricane Dyeing & printing (pvt.) Ltd. for helping to know about the all aspects of BENGAL HURRICAN GROUP. Our gratitude also goes to all the employees of BENGAL HURRICAN GROUP for their sincere co-operation, support and valuable advice which they have provided us during the two months of training. Lastly I express my gratitude to our supervising teacher, the name that should be mentioned first, Shib Shankar Chakraborty, Head of the Dept. Wet Processing Technology for his valuable direction & supervision. However, I have prepared my Industrial Attachment overcoming all the difficulties & also the shortage of time. Here I would like to present the report. • Chapter:2 Application of reactive dyes in major textile industries in Bangladesh Application of Reactive dyes in major textile industries in Bangladesh Chapter:3 Project Abstract • The use of reactive for Dyed products has dramatically increased over the last 50 years. Reactive dyes are now used to produce multiple products. Reactive coloring components are inert into materials which are adhered to the base substrate by the application of soda ash which act as fixing agent. The main goal of our project is to provide information about the reason of using reactive dyestuff in major textile industry in Bangladesh, different methods using in our industry for cotton dyeing with reactive dyes, technical deficiency of reactive dyes during dyeing & causes and remedies of deficiency of reactive dyes. During reactive dyeing there is a rule of using different amount of soda ash with fixed amount of salt & auxiliaries. In case of dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes alkali pH should be correctly maintained as during dyeing more electrolytes required for exhaustion and alkali for fixation. However the rubbing fastness and hand feel properties of dyed fabric depends on the amount of soda ash. When we use fewer amounts of soda ash then hand feel is good but rubbing fastness is not good. And when we use more amounts of soda ash then rubbing fastness is good but hand feel is not good. Chapter 4 INTRODUCTION • With the evaluation of the wet processing industries the use of the reactive dyes in the most of the industries increases day by day. As a result to complete the project it is has become a part to discus about the evaluation or growth of the wet processing industries in Bangladesh. Now the number of the wet processing industries and finishing industries in Bangladesh is 193 which are totally export oriented according to the survey of the BTMA which has been provided into their we address. • But the interesting matter is that with the growth of the textile wet processing mills the number of the employee is not increasing. This is because of to reduce the cost and increase the quality the modernization of the machine is also increasing which reduce the number of worker in wet processing industries. But what is the actual number of the worker in wet processing industries has not been found due to the lack of proper survey in this sector. • Our project work was estimated as: • APPLICATION OF REACTIVE DYES IN MAJOR TEXTILE IN BANGLADESH & DEFICIENCY OF REACTIVE DYE: • The project work is interesting as well as lengthy but we must admit that we had to really work hard and it helps us a great deal to know about whole procedure of reactive dyeing on dyed fabric. Though reactive dyeing products exhibit intrinsic characteristics which make them suitable for multiple products application but reactive dye has it main problem with hydrolysis while dyeing as a result wastage of the reactive dye increase and it become difficult to match the proper The objects of project are:  Knowing the source of textile raw materials of wet processing and cost.  To mention the reasons of using reactive dyes in major textile industry.  To study on the application of reactive dyes  To learn about the technical deficiency of reactive dyeing.  To study the causes and remedy of deficiency of reactive dyeing. Chapter 5 RAW MATERIALS • Raw material is a unique substance in any production oriented textile industry. It not only plays a vital role in case of continuous production & for high quality fabric but also it is related to the profit of the industry. Types of raw material • The basic raw materials used in wet processing industries are: • Fabric • Dyestuffs • Chemicals & auxiliaries. • [...]... follows: D-X-Y Here D->Chromophore of dye post X->Bridge Y->Functional group Influencing factors: D-X-Y + Fibre -> D-X-Y-Fibre Covalent bond Reactive dyes water soluble 1 PH D-F + Cell-OH -> Dye-F-O-cell D-F + H-OH -> Dye-F-OH 2 Temperature Hydrolysis Properties: 1 Anionic in nature 2 Soluble in water 3 Form strong covalent bond 4 Better wet & light fastness 5 Have better substantivity 6 Dyeing is carried... mention the reason of using reactive dyes in major textile industry 2 To study on the application of reactive dyes 3 To learn about the technical deficiency of reactive dyeing 4 To study the causes and remedy of deficiency of reactive dyeing Chapter 7 Reason of using Reactive Dyes in Major Textile Industries in Bangladesh Maximum textile industries in Bangladesh are based on cotton knit fabric and reactive. .. depends on brand of dye and dyeing temperature Here generally caustic soda, soda ash or NaHCO3 is used as alkali depending upon reactivity of dye They create proper pH in dye bath and do as the dye-fixing agent The reaction takes place in this stage is shown below: 3 Alkali 1 D-SO2-CH2-CH2-OSO3Na + OH-Cell pH1 0-1 2.5 D-SO 2-CH2-CH2-O-Cell + NaHSO3 alkali 2 D-SO2-CH2-CH2-OSO3Na + OH-Wool 3 D-SO 2-CH2-CH2-O-Wool... b)Activated vinyl compound: • Vinyl sulphone • Vinyl acrylamide • Vinyl sulphonamide Example: Vinyl sulphone: remazol Vinyl acrylamide: primazine Vinyl sulphonamide: levafix Classification of reactive dyes: 2) On the basis of reactivity: a) Lower reactive dye: Here ph is maintained 1 2-1 2.5 by using NaOH in bath b) Medium reactive dye: here pH is maintained 1 1-1 2 by using Na 2CO3 in dye bath c) Higher reactive. .. bearing part X= reactive group Classification of reactive dyes: Reactive dyes may be classified in various ways as below: 1) On the basis of reactive group: a) Halogen (commonly chlorine) derivatives of nitrogen containing heterocycle, like 3 types- • Triazine group • Pyridimine group • Quinoxaline dyes Example: Triazine derivatives: procion, cibacron Pyridimine derivatives: reactone Quinoxaline derivatives:... maintained 1 0-1 1 by using NaHCO3 in dye bath 3) On the basis of dyeing temperature: a) Cold brand: These types of dyes contain reactive group of high reactivity So dyeing can be done in lower temperature i.e 32 0-6 00C For example: PROCION M, LIVAFIX E b) Medium brand: This type of dyes contains reactive groups of moderate reactivity So dyeing is done in higher temperature than that of cold brand dyes. .. is introduces to dye liquor the dye is exhausted on to the fibre Dyeing mechanism of reactive dye: 2 Fixation: Fixation of dye means the reaction of reactive group of dye with terminal –OH or-NH2 group of fibre and thus forming strong covalent bond with the fibre and thus forming strong covalent bond with the fibre This is an important phase, which is controlled by maintaining proper pH by adding... 60min at 80OC, PH = Above8 (Always) Neutralization (Dyeing): A Acid (1 g/l) A Acid (.5 g/l) Softener (1.5 g/l) 10min at 4050OC, Soaping: Soaping Agent (.5 g/l) 20min at 7080OC, Fixing & Softening: Fixing Agent (.5 g/l) 15min at 40OC, 20min at 40OC, Bath Drain 800C 40min Sequestering Agent Color Dosing Leveling Agent Linear (30min) Dyeing curve: 60 C 50min 0 50 0C 10min Bath Drain 350C 20min 30min 10min... reason of using reactive dyestuff in major textile industry in Bangladesh, different methods using in our industry for cotton dyeing with reactive dyes, technical deficiency of reactive dyes during dyeing & causes and remedies of deficiency of reactive dyes As these topics are very sensitive for dyeing industries, it is very much important to make a survey It will be very helpful not only for our studying... STRUCTURE H-OH CH3-CHOH-CH3 CH3-CH2-OH H-CH2-OH C6H12O6 REACTIVE RATE 1.0 0.7 7.4 12.3 5.5 So from the above table it is obvious that secondary hydroxyl group is the beast reactive while primary one is the most reactive Dyeing mechanism of reactive dye: The dyeing mechanism of material with reactive dye takes place in 3 stages:1.Exhaustion of dye in presence of electrolyte or dye absorption 2.Fixation under . to provide information about the reason of using reactive dyestuff in major textile industry in Bangladesh, different methods using in our industry for cotton dyeing with reactive dyes, technical. deficiency of reactive dyes during dyeing & causes and remedies of deficiency of reactive dyes. During reactive dyeing there is a rule of using different amount of soda ash with fixed amount of. beast reactive while primary one is the most reactive. Dyeing mechanism of reactive dye: The dyeing mechanism of material with reactive dye takes place in 3 stages :- 1.Exhaustion of dye in presence