www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức ENGLISH FOR INFORMATICS Cố vấn chương trình : Biên soạn : Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Nguyễn Quốc Hùng, M.A Nguyễn Thị Bắc, M.A Trần Hương Giang, M.A i Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức CONTENT TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION Unit 1: types of computers Unit 2: Word proccessor 13 Unit 3: Computer hardware components .17 Unit 4: storage and memory .22 Unit 5: Computer software 27 Unit 6: operating system .31 Unit 7: programming language 35 Unit 8: netWORKS .40 Unit 9: information security 44 Unit 10: Ibm 49 REFERENCES 54 Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành ii Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức TABLE OF CONTENT Unit Skills Unit Vocabulary and Types of computers Pronunciation Activities Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise T.S practise Listen and Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise Match each of the following types of computer with its name Reading Exercise Read the following sentences and write the name for each type of computer next to the sentence Language work Noun phrase (1) Exercise Now convert each of the following clauses into a noun phrase Exercise Translate the noun phrase into Vietnamese Unit Word proccessor Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise T.S Listen and practise Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise Read the following passage and decide Reading Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Listening Language work Unit Vocabulary and Computer hardware Pronunciation components whether the following statements are true or false Exercise T.S Listen to a short introduction about the characteristics of a word processor and fill in each gap with one suitable word Exercise Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise T.S Listen and practise Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise Match each of the following names with one part of the computer as indicated in the picture reading LISTENING LANGUAGE WORK Unit Vocabulary and Storage and memory Pronunciation Exercise Read the following sentences and write the name for each part (CPU, Peripheral, Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor) Exercise Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given Exercise Now join the following ideas with but or and Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise T.S Listen and Tiếng Anh chun ngành Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức practise Listening READING LANGUAGE WORK Unit Vocabulary and Computer software Pronunciation Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise T.S Listen and decide whether the statements are true or false Exercise 5: Choose a suitable word in the box to fill in the gap Exercise Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise T.S Listen and practise Listening Reading Language work: IN/ FROM/ THROUGH WHICH Unit Vocabulary and Operating system Pronunciation Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise Listen and choose a suitable word in the box to fill in the gap Exercise Read the following sentences and write the name for each type of software next to the sentence Exercise Join the following pair of clauses to make longer sentences Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise T.S Listen and practise Tiếng Anh chun ngành Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Reading Exercise Are the following sentences true (T) or false (F)? Listening Exercise 5: Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given Language work: Exercise Now join the before/ after/ while + following pairs of clauses Ving Unit Vocabulary and Programming language Pronunciation Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise T.S Listen and practise Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise Read the description of four traits of programming language and match them with the right traits READING LISTENING Exercise 5T.S Listen to a short introduction about the usage of Programming language and fill in each gap with ONE suitable word LANGUAGE WORK Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Exercise T.S Listen to the following passage and decide whether the statements are true or fasle Exercise Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Unit Vocabulary and Network Pronunciation Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise T.S Listen and practise READING LISTENING Language work: By + Ving Unit Information security Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise Are the following sentences true (T) or false (F)? Exercise 5: Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given Exercise Now choose one of the phrases in the box to complete each sentence Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations Exercise T.S Listen and practise LISTENING Reading Language work Unit 10 Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Vocabulary and Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise T.S Listen to a short introduction about Information Security and decide whether the following statements are true or false Exercise Choose ONE suitable word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức IBM Pronunciation translations Exercise T.S Listen and practise Reading Listening LANGUAGE WORK Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Exercise Read the passage about the History of IBM company and decide whether the following statements are true or false Exercise Match the description and the logos Exercise T.S Listen to a short talk about Environment record of IBM and fill in each gap with ONE suitable word Exercise Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức INTRODUCTION The authors The course is designed by two teachers of English at Hanoi University of Technology, Ms Tran Huong Giang and Ms Nguyen Thi Bac They both have Masters Degree in English language They have a lot of experience in teaching English in general and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in particualar They also have experience in designing materials for different courses The course English for Informatics is a course on English for Specific Purposes (ESP) designed to develop the English skills and basic knowledge in electronics for technical students and engineers who work in the field This textbook is intended for learners who begin to take the course of English in electronics The most important aim of the course is to help students develop the ability to deal with the concepts used in technical texts The book consists of ten units which can be completed in twenty 45 minute class hours The units are organized around the various topics used in electronics field The skills are introduced as they relate to the topic Each unit in the book is divided into different sections: Vocabulary and Pronunciation: This consists of three exercises which provide new terms related to the topic Reading: There are two or three exercises in this part which contain comprehension questions to help students understand the reading text better Language Focus: This sections introduces theory and practice on certain grammatical or vocabulary feature Listening: This part provides exercises to improve students’ listening skills Although we hope that you will enjoy working through this textbook, we not expect you find it easy If you have any questions regarding the course, please not be hesitating to contact us We are always happy to share with you our expertise and experience of studying this subject Business English Academy Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức • • • • • • indices of keywords and their page ………………………(2); tables of contents with section titles and their page numbers; tables of figures with caption titles and their page numbers; ………………………(3) with section or page numbers; footnote numbering; new versions of a document using variables (e.g model numbers, product names, etc.) Other word processing functions include "spell checking" (actually checks against wordlists), "grammar checking" (checks for what seem to be simple grammar errors), and a "thesaurus" function (finds words with similar or opposite meanings) In most languages grammar is very complex, so ………………………(4) checkers tend to be unreliable and also require a large amount of RAM Other common features include collaborative editing, comments and ………………………(5), support for images and diagrams and internal cross-referencing Language work Exercise Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters To perform word processing, you need a computer, a special program called a word p……………………r, and a printer E……………… g is the process of preparing language, images, or sound through correction, condensation, organization, and other modifications in various media Disk f…………… .g is the process of preparing a hard disk or other storage medium for use, including setting up an empty file system The advantages of both a color display and a high-resolution m…………………e display are realized in a single display system by eliminating color filters from the display screen of the display system A memory card or flash memory card is a solid-state electronic flash memory data s……………….e device used with digital cameras, handheld and Mobile computers A d……………………e is a random access, removable data storage medium that can be used with personal computers A d……………………e is a collection of data which is managed to meet the needs of a community of users A……………………n is extra information asserted with a particular point in a document or other piece of information Tiếng Anh chun ngành 16 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Unit Computer hardware components Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations English Vietnamese Computing function a đồ họa driver b giống với, tương tự electronic device c máy chữ graphical d đèn hình, ống hình input device e chức tính tốn interface f thiết bị điện tử keyboard g bàn phím modify h giao diện monitor i gói phần mềm 10 output device j hình 11 peripheral k ổ đĩa 12 picture tube l thiết bị đầu 13 resemble m ngoại vi 14 software package n điều chỉnh, cải biên 15 typewriter o thiết bị đầu vào Exercise T.S Listen and practice computing function interface 11 peripheral driver keyboard 12 picture tube electronic device modify 13 resemble graphical monitor 14 software package input device 10 output device 15 typewriter Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành 17 Tin học www.bea.vn: Caùch học – Tri thức Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap Driver keyboard picture tube graphical peripheral software package input device output device typewriter A …………………… is a device connected to a computer; for example, a terminal or printer An …………… allows the transfer of information to a computer system A computer uses an ……………… to present data to a user Computer parts need a ………… because they not use standard commands The …………… is an input device designed to enter text, characters and other commands into the computer Reading The Actual Computer Your "computer" is a collection of devices that function as a unit The most basic collection includes a Computer CPU, a Monitor, a Keyboard, and a Mouse The Computer CPU is normally a rectangular box that sits on your desktop (called a "Desktop Case") or next to your knee under the desk (called a "Tower Case") The computer's CPU is actually a small electronic device inside the case but the term is often used to refer to the whole collection of electronics inside the box The Monitor The Computer Monitor is the computer user's window into the workings of the computer It consists of a television picture tube that had been modified to accept the type of video signal created by the computer's electronics Conventional televisions can be used as computer monitors if a translation device is used to connect them The picture quality leaves something to be desired The Keyboard The Keyboard is the primary input device used to communicate with the computer A computer keyboard closely resembles a conventional typewriter keyboard with the addition of numerous keys that are used specifically for computing functions The Mouse Named for the resemblance of the wire coming out of it and a mouse's tail, the mouse was introduced to computing in the early 1980's when Macintosh created its graphical user interface (GUI) The mouse is another input device used to point at objects on the Tiếng Anh chun ngành 18 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức computer monitor and select them Using the mouse and keyboard in combination allows the computer user substantial latitude in how to accomplish a wide variety of tasks Peripherals Computer peripherals are any electronic devices that can be hooked up to a computer other than the standard input-output devices (monitor, keyboard, mouse) Peripheral devices include speakers, microphones, printers, scanners, digital cameras, plotters, and modems Peripherals often require special software packages called "drivers" These drivers are usually included with the peripheral at purchase time Exercise Match each of the following names with one part of the computer as indicated in the picture a printer b CPU c Monitor d Keyboard e Mouse Exercise Read the text again and write the name for each part (CPU, Peripheral, Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor) next to each sentence It can be a speaker, microphone, printer, scanner, digital camera, plotter, and modem It is used to point at objects on the computer monitor and select them It is normally a rectangular box that sits on your desktop or next to your knee under the desk It often requires special software packages Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành 19 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức It closely resembles one part of a conventional typewriter It is the computer user's window into the workings of the computer It is actually a small electronic device inside the case It is a device that can be hooked up to a computer other than a input-output device It consists of a television picture tube 10 It was introduced to computing in the early 1980's Listening Exercise Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given Disks Laser Technology Hardware Collection information data place distribution correspond The CD-ROM Drive This modern miracle gained prominence in the late 1980's and has become the primary (1) ………… medium for software to consumers The Compact Disk-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) disk itself is a (2) ………… of concentric circles containing millions of pits and plateaus which (3) ………… to on/off bits of data The disk is read with an optical (4) ………… similar to the one used to scan your groceries at the supermareket Most (5)…………… of this kind are "Read Only" meaning that the computer can retrieve (6) ……………… from the disk, but cannot (7) ………… information on it New developments have improved this (8) ………… to allow writing and rewriting (9) ……… to the disk A different kind of (10) …………… mechanism is needed to employ this innovation Language work We use AND to express similar ideas and BUT to express contrasting ideas E.g Tiếng Anh chun ngành 20 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Silver conducts electricity very well, and copper is also a good conductor Silver conducts electricty well, but glass has very poor electrical property Exercise Now join the following ideas with but or and The paths may split off here and there, ……… they always for a line from the negative to positive High voltage power lines are covered with thick layers of plastic to make them safe, ………… they become very dangerous when the line breaks and the wire is exposed The nearest band to one end of a resistor identifies the ‘first number’, ……… the second band identifies a ‘second number’ A conductor allows electrical current to pass easily through, ……… an insulator doesn't In a p-n diode, conventional current can flow from the p-type side to the n-type side , ……… it cannot flow in the opposite direction Diodes have two active electrodes between which the signal of interest may flow, ……… most are used for their unidirectional current property The track is usually rotary, ……… straight track versions are also available Such metals as copper, silver, and aluminum are excellent conductors, ……… such insulators as diamond and glass are very poor conductors The resultant crystal has two distinct regions of n-type and p-type material, ……… the boundary joining the two areas is known as an n-p junction 10 In frequency modulation, the amplitude of the carrier wave is kept constant, ………… the frequency is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the modulating signal 11 The 'Charge' is called the amount of stored electricity on the plates, ……… it is proportional to the applied voltage and capacitor's 'capacitance' 12 Active components are power sources, ………… passive components are resistors, capacitors, microprocessors, transistors 13 Such metals as copper, silver, and aluminum are excellent conductors, ……… such insulators as diamond and glass are very poor conductor Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành 21 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Unit storage and memory Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations English Vietnamese temporary storage a lưu trữ dung lượng lớn mass storage b lưu trữ ngoại tuyến optical discs c lưu trữ sơ cấp magnetic storage d lưu trữ thứ cấp primary storage e nhớ secondary storage f cấu trúc architecture of computers g chuỗi memory h đa drawback i datum 10 datum j đĩa quang 11 binary numeral system k hạn chế 12 string l hệ thống số nhị phân 13 versatile m hiệu suất, vận hành 14 von Neumann machines n máy tính Von Neumann 15 hierarchy o cân 16 tradeoff p lưu trữ từ tính 17 performance q lưu trữ tạm thời 18 off-line storage r trật tự Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành 22 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Exercise T.S Listen and practice temporary storage architecture of computers 13 versatile mass storage memory 14 von Neumann machines optical discs drawback 15 hierarchy magnetic storage 10 datum 16 tradeoff primary storage 11 binary numeral system 17 performance secondary storage 12 string 18 off-line storage Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap mass storage temporary storage von Neumann machines magnetic storage datum Tradeoff primary storage binary numeral system String …………………… is a visible clipboard, where the user stores temporary items during editing 2……………………, also known as main storage or memory, is the main area in a computer in which data is stored for quick access by the computer's processor A digital computer represents each ……………… using the binary numeral system A …………… is able to move over interstellar or interplanetary distances and to utilize local materials to build new copies of itself A ……………… of bits or bytes, for example, may be used to represent data retrieved from a communications medium T.S Temporary Storage is a visible clipboard, where the user stores temporary items during editing Primary storage, also known as main storage or memory, is the main area in a computer in which data is stored for quick access by the computer's processor Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành 23 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức A digital computer represents each datum using the binary numeral system A von Neumann machine is able to move over interstellar or interplanetary distances and to utilize local materials to build new copies of itself A string of bits or bytes, for example, may be used to represent data retrieved from a communications medium Listening Exercise T.S Listen and decide whether the statements are true or false Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, refers to computer components, devices, and recording media that retain digital data used for computing for some interval of time Computer data storage provides one of the core functions of the modern calculator, that of information retention It is one of the fundamental components of all modern computers, and coupled with a central processing unit (CPU, a processor), implements the basic computer model used since the 1940s In contemporary usage, memory usually refers to a form of semiconductor storage known as random access memory (RAM) and sometimes other forms of fast but temporary storage Similarly, storage today more commonly refers to mass storage - optical discs, forms of magnetic storage like hard disks, and other types slower than RAM, but of a more permanent nature Historically, memory and storage were respectively called primary storage and secondary storage The contemporary distinctions are helpful, because they are also fundamental to the architecture of computers in particular As well, they reflect an important and significant technical similarities between memory and mass storage devices, which has been blurred by the historical usage of the term storage reading Exercise 5: Choose a suitable word in the box to fill in the gap Von Neumann machines storage string hierarchy Processor computer versatile system Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành 24 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Purpose of storage Various forms of ……………(1) , based on various natural phenomena, have been invented So far, no practical universal storage medium exists, and all forms of storage have some drawbacks Therefore a computer …………… (2) usually contains several kinds of storage, each with an individual purpose A digital computer represents each datum using the binary numeral system Text, numbers, pictures, audio, and nearly any other form of information can be converted into a ………………(3) of bits, or binary digits, each of which has a value of or The most common unit of storage is the byte, equal to bits A piece of information can be handled by any computer whose storage space is large enough to accommodate the binary representation of the piece of information, or simply data For example, using eight million bits, or about one megabyte, a typical computer could store a small novel Traditionally the most important part of every computer is the central processing unit (CPU, or simply a ……………(4) ), because it actually operates on data, performs any calculations, and controls all the other components Without significant amount of memory, a ………………(5) would merely be able to perform fixed operations and immediately output the result It would have to be reconfigured to change its behaviour This is acceptable for devices such as desk calculators or simple digital signal processors ………………(6) differ in that they have a memory in which they store their operating instructions and data Such computers are more ………………(7) in that they not need to have their hardware reconfigured for each new program, but can simply be reprogrammed with new inmemory instructions; they also tend to be simpler to design, in that a relatively simple processor may keep state between successive computations to build up complex procedural results Most modern computers are von Neumann machines In practice, almost all computers use a variety of memory types, organized in a storage ……………(8) around the CPU, as a tradeoff between performance and cost Generally, the lower a storage is in the hierarchy, the lesser its bandwidth and the greater its access latency is from the CPU This traditional division of storage to primary, secondary, tertiary and off-line storage is also guided by cost per bit Language work Exercise Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters In computing, m………………s storage refers to the storage of large amounts of information in a persisting and machine-readable fashion Tiếng Anh chun ngành 25 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức An o…………………….l disc is an electronic data storage medium that can be written to and read using a low-powered laser beam In computer engineering, computer a……………………e is a blueprint and functional description of requirements (especially speeds and interconnections) and design implementations for the various parts of a computer The b………………… y numeral system, or base-2 number system, is a numeral system that represents numeric values using two symbols, usually and A h…………………….y is an arrangement of objects, people, elements, values, grades, orders, classes, etc., in a ranked or graduated series O………………… e storage, also known as disconnected storage, is a computer data storage on a medium or a device that is not under the control of a processing unit A t…………………f is a situation that involves losing one quality or aspect of something in return for gaining another quality or aspect Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành 26 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Unit Computer software Vocabulary and Pronunciation Exercise Match English terms and Vietnamese translations English Vietnamese accessory device a phần mềm ứng dụng application software b phần mềm compiler c tài liệu, tư liệu debugger d ngơn ngữ lập trình diagnostic tool e mơi trường phát triển tích hợp distributed system f trình biên dịch documentation g phần mềm hệ thống industrial automation h phần mềm lập trình integrated development environment (IDE) i Tự động hóa cơng nghiệp 10 programming language j hệ thống phân tán 11 programming software k trình soạn văn 12 software l cơng cụ chuẩn đốn lỗi 13 system software m xử lý từ 14 text editor n gỡ lỗi, trình gỡ rối 15 word processor o thiết bị phụ Exercise T.S Listen and practice accessory device distributed system 11 programming software application software documentation 12 software compiler industrial automation 13 system software debugger integrated development environment 14 text editor diagnostic tool 10 programming language 15 word processor Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành 27 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức Exercise T.S Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word from the box to fill in the gap compiler industrial automation system software Debugger integrated development environment text editor diagnostic tool programming language word processor A ……………… is any word processing program that you can use to type and edit text ………… is a program designed to help detect, locate, and correct errors in another program A ………… is a language made up of instructions A …………… is a computer application used for the production of any sort of printable material A ………… is a computer program that translates text written in a computer language into another computer language TS2 A text editor is any word processing program that you can use to type and edit text Debugger is a program designed to help detect, locate, and correct errors in another program A programming language is a language made up of instructions A word processor is a computer application used for the production of any sort of printable material A compiler is a computer program that translates text written in a computer language into another computer language LISTENING Exercise Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given Application Users broader software services interface documentation distributed used processors Computer software Computer software, or just (1) ……… is a general term used to describe a collection of computer programs, procedures and (2) …………… that perform some tasks on a computer system The term includes (3) …………… software such as word (4) …………… which perform productive tasks for (5) …………… , system software Tiếng Anh chun ngành 28 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức such as operating systems, which (6) ………… with hardware to provide the necessary (7) ………… for application software, and middleware which controls and co-ordinates (8) …………… systems "Software" is sometimes used in a (9) ………… context to mean anything which is not hardware but which is (10) ………… with hardware, such as film, tapes and records Reading Types of computer software Practical computer systems divide software systems into three major classes: system software, programming software and application software, although the distinction is arbitrary, and often blurred a System software helps run the computer hardware and computer system It includes operating systems, device drivers, diagnostic tools, servers, windowing systems, utilities and more The purpose of systems software is to insulate the applications programmer as much as possible from the details of the particular computer complex being used, especially memory and other hardware features, and such as accessory devices as communications, printers, readers, displays, keyboards, etc b Programming software usually provides tools to assist a programmer in writing computer programs, and software using different programming languages in a more convenient way The tools include text editors, compilers, interpreters, linkers, debuggers, and so on An Integrated development environment (IDE) merges those tools into a software bundle, and a programmer may not need to type multiple commands for compiling, interpreting, debugging, tracing, and etc., because the IDE usually has an advanced graphical user interface, or GUI c Application software allows end users to accomplish one or more specific (non-computer related) tasks Typical applications include industrial automation, business software, educational software, medical software, databases, and computer games Businesses are probably the biggest users of application software, but almost every field of human activity now uses some form of application software Exercise Read the following sentences and write the name for each type of software next to the sentence S = System software P = Programming software A = Application software Tiếng Anh chun ngành 29 Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức It is used in industry, business, education, medicine, databases, and computer games It provides tools to assist a programmer in writing computer programs It insulates the applications programmer from the details of the particular computer complex being used It includes operating systems, device drivers, diagnostic tools … It is used in almost every field of human activity It allows a programmer to use an advanced graphical user interface It allows end users to accomplish one or more specific non-computer related tasks It helps run the computer hardware and computer system Language work IN/ FROM/ THROUGH WHICH Sometimes WHICH can be preceded by a preposition such as in, from, through … E.g An anode is an electrode electric current flows through the electrode into a polarized electrical device → An anode is an electrode through which electric current flows into a polarized electrical device Exercise Join the following pair of clauses to make longer sentences A cathode is an electrode Electric current flows through the electrode out of a polarized electrical device Ring network is a system All stations are linked to form a continuous loop or circle in the system Hierarchical network is a telecommunications network In this telecommunications network a message is passed through nodes or different classes Computer networks may be classified according to the network topology The network is based upon the network topology Inside the bulb is a filament of tungsten wire An electric current is passed through the filament Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành 30 Tin học ... Cách học – Tri thức ENGLISH FOR INFORMATICS Cố vấn chương trình : Biên soạn : Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Nguyễn Quốc Hùng, M.A Nguyễn Thị Bắc, M.A Trần Hương Giang, M.A i Tin học www.bea.vn: Caùch học. .. optical drive 13 random access memory extranet personal computer 14 touch screen intranet 10 personal digital assistant 15 touchpad Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Tin học www.bea.vn: Cách học – Tri thức... monochrome display 14 mail merging editing memory card 15 indices formatting 10 diskette 16 cross-referencing obsolete 11 dot-matrix printing 17 annotation keyboard 12 markup Exercise T.S Listen and