CHUYÊN ĐỀ THE PASSIVE VOICE REPORTED SPEECH I. Basic knowledge I.Look at these sentences : -Active : Mr.Brown wrote the report . S V O -Passive : The report was written by Mr.Brown . 1 2 3 4 5 II. THE PASSIVE FORMS : 1.PRESENT SIMPLE : S + IS / ARE / AM + P.P -Mr.Green teaches English => English is taught by Mr. Green . 2.PAST SIMPLE : S + WAS / WERE + P.P -Nam wrote this letter . => This letter was written by Nam . 3.PRESENT – PAST CONTINUOUS : S + IS / ARE / AM + BEING + PP WAS / WERE -The police are questioning Tom. =>Tom is being questioned by the police . 4.PRESENT PERFECT – PAST PERFECT : S + HAVE / HAS + BEEN + PP HAD -The fire has destroyed many houses . => Many houses have been destroyed by the fire . 5.MODAL VERBS : S + CAN / MAY / MUST / WILL / SHALL + BE + PP USED TO /BE GOING TO/HAVE TO They will build a new road next year => A new road will be built next year II. Supplement knowledge III. Futher prectice. 1. She fell into water because somebody pushed her . 2. What ought we to do about this ? 3. It is time they brought the cows in . 4. What questions did the examiner set ? 5. Somebody must do something for these poor men . 6. Nobody has made mistakes . 7. Nobody has answered my question properly . 8. Somebody has brought this child up badly . 9. The teacher promised Jane a prize if she worked well. 10. Nobody has ever spoken to me like that before . 11. I hate people looking at me . 12. Teachers should make lessons more interesting for school children . 13. I ‘d like someone to read to me . 14. We shall lock the house up for summer and the old gardener will look after it ( 2 passive ) 15. People say tortoises live longer than elephants . 16. One cannot eat an orange if nobody has peeled it .( 2 passive ) 17. Don’t let the others see you . 18. Did anybody ever teach you how to behave ? 19. It surprised me to hear someone had robbed you ( 2 passive ) 20. People ought to tell us how much they expect of us .( 2 passive ) IV. Homework C. Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence. 1. "What a beautiful shirt you're wearing!" "Thank you. It especially for me by my mother." A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made 2. I don't understand why the students didn't keep silent while the speech A. has been made B. was made C. would be made D. was being made 3. This is the first time I have seen this car. Where ? A. did it make B. did it made C. was it makeD. was it made 4. Today, many serious childhood diseases by early immunization. A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented 5. Whole-grain food products …………… in most large supermarkets across the United States and Canada. A. now can purchase B. can now be purchased C. now to purchaseD. the purchase of which 6. All that rubbish will have to be at once. A. get rid of B. got rid of C. got rid of D. getting rid of 7. "What happened to the postman?" "He to a new town to work." A. has sent B. was send C. was sent D. sent 8. Excuse me. Is this seat ? A. taking B. took C. occupy D. taken 9. There’s somebody walking behind us. I think . A. we are following B. we are being followed C. we are followed D. we are being following 10. We’re late. The film by the time we get to the cinema. A. will already start B. will be already started C. will already have started D. will be starting 11. I still can not believe it. My bicycle some minutes ago. A. was stolen B. was stealing C. stolen D. stole 12. Some funny in class yesterday. A. happened B. was happenedC. happens D. is happened 13. The children’s arm was swollen because he by a bee. A. stung B. had stung C. had been stung D. had being stung 14. I with you on that subject. A. am agree B. am agreed C. agreeing D. agree 15. Many U.S automobiles in Detroit, Michigan. A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing 16. When I came, an experiment in the lab. A. was being holding B. has been held C. was being held D. has held 17. George is Lisa. A. marry with B. marry to C. married with D. married to 18. Last night a tornado swept through Rockvill. It everything in its path. A. destroyed B. was destroyed C. was being destroyed D. had been destroyed 19. Dynamite by Alfred Bernard Nobel. A. have been invented B. invented C. was invented D. was being invented 20. this work before you went to Moscow? A. Will/ have been done B. Has/ been done C. Will/ be done D. Had/ been done 21. If you about it, will you be able to answer? A. are asked B. ask C. will be asked D. asked 22. Do you believe that such a problem can ? A. solve B. be solving C. is solved D. be solved 23. “ Can’t we do something about the situation?”- “ Something right now.” A. is doing B. is do C. is being doneD. has been doing 24. The university by private funds as well as by tuition income. A. is supported B. supports C. is supporting D. has supported 25. This picture by Johnny when I came. A. painted B. was painted C. was being painted D. had been painted 26. It must without delay. A. do B. have been done C. be doing D. be done 27. This exercise may with a pencil. A. be written B. be to write C. be writing D. write 28. The money to him 2 months ago, but it back yet. A. was lent/ had not been given B. has been lent/ was not given C. was lent/ has not given D. was lent/ has not been given 29. She could easily for a top model. A. be mistaken B. have mistaken C. been mistaken D. to be mistaken 30. My shirt by my sister on my last birthday. A. gave B. was given C. had been givenD. was being given Reported speech: Thông thường người ta chia câu tường thuật thành ba loại: câu kể (statements), câu mệnh lệnh (imperative/commands) và câu hỏi (questions). Khi dùng từ tường thuật (động từ dẫn) không ở thì quá khứ đơn, ta thay đổi chủ từ, đổi từ, sở hữu hoặc ngôi của động từ nếu cần thiết (không thay đổi thì, thời gian, nơi chốn) * Các thay đổi cụ thể cho từng loại câu trong lời nói gián tiếp I. Câu trần thuật(statement) S + said/ told + ( O )(that) + clause* (*clause :thay đổi thì,đại từ,cụm từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn) Vd: 1. ‘We will have a test tomorrow’,My teacher said. -> My teacher said (that) we would have a test the next day. 2. They said, “We have worked for this company for 10 years now.”  They said that they had worked for that company for 10 years then. II. Câu hỏi ( questions):  Câu hỏi đảo ( yes/ no question) Report: S(speaker) + ask (s.b)/ want to know/ wonder + if / whether + S +V Ex1: She said: ‘Do I look alright ?’ She wondered if/whether she looked alright. Ex2: ‘ Have you finished your exercises yet’ she asked me She asked me if/whether I had finished my exercises yet.  Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi:( wh-question ) a. Wh-(noun) + verb + subject ? Report: S (speaker) + ask (s.b)/want to know/wonder wh-(noun) + V Ex1: ‘They said to us, ‘Why did you come late ?’ They aked us why we had come late. Ex2: ’What book are you reading ?’ The teacher asked me. The teacher asked me what book I was reading. b. Wh-(subject)+ verb ? Report : S (speaker) + ask (s.b)/want to know/wonder + wh +v Ex1: ’Who wrote this book ?’ Tom asked Tom asked who had written that book Ex2: ‘What happens ?’ They said They wanted to know what happened Exercise :Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note whether the sentence is a request, a statement or a question. 1. He said, "I like this song."→ He said 2. "Where is your sister?" she asked me.→ She asked me 3. "I don't speak Italian," she said.→ She said 4. "Say hello to Jim," they said.→ They asked me 5. "The film began at seven o'clock," he said.→ He said 6. "Don't play on the grass, boys," she said.→ She told the boys 7. "Where have you spent your money?" she asked him.→ She asked him 8. "I never make mistakes," he said.→ He said 9. "Does she know Robert?" he wanted to know.→ He wanted to know 10. "Don't try this at home," the stuntman told the audience.→ The stuntman advised the audience A. Choose the correct answer among A , B C or D. 1. She asked me where I_____________ from. A. come B. coming C. to come D. came 2. I asked Martha________ to enter law school. A. are you planning B. if she is planning C. was she planning D. if she was planning 3. Nam wanted to know what time _________ . A. the movie began C. the movie begins B. did the movie begin D. does the movie begin 4. Julia said that she ________ there at noon. A. is going to be B. was going to be C. will be D. can be 5. Paul asked her, “Have you got 20 pounds?”  Paul asked her ________ 20 pounds. A. if she got B. if she had got C. whether she got D. whether had she got 6. He told me __________ him up at six o'clock. A. please pick B. to pick C. should pick D. I can pick 7. He said that Linda and John ________ married ________ . A. were getting / tomorrow B. are getting / the next day C. were getting / the next day D. will getting / the day after 8. They asked me when _________ . A. did I arrive B. will I arriveC. I had arrived D. I can arrive 9. The farmer said, “ I didn’t see her.” > The farmer said ____ her. A. he had seen B. I hadn’t seen C. she didn’t see D. he hadn’t seen 10. I wondered_________the right thing. A. if I am doing B. was I doing C. am I doing D. whether I was doing 11. Charlie __________ that his father was in hospital. A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. asked me 12. Mr Brown said, “I watched TV last night.” -> Mr Brown said that he _______ TV the night before. A. was watching B. watched C. had watched D. has watched 13. The teacher said Columbus ________ America in 1492. A. discovered B. had discovered C. was discovering D. would discover 14. “ Please don't tell anyone what happened," Ann said to me. A. Ann said to me please don't tell anyone what happened. B. Ann told me didn't tell anyone what had happened. C. Ann said me not to tell anyone what happened. D. Ann told me not to tell anyone what had happened. 15. "Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?" he said. A. He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night. B. He offered me to go to the cinema with him tonight. C. He asked me if I'd like to go to the cinema with him tonight. D. He would like me to go to the cinema with him this night. 16.'Remember to pick me up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon," she said. A. She told me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon. B. She reminded me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the following afternoon. C. She reminded me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next afternoon. D. She told me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next day afternoon. 17." Let's have a picnic next Saturday," Julia said. A. Julia said that let's have a picnic the next Saturday. B. Julia suggested having a picnic the following Saturday. C. Julia advised how about having a picnic the next Saturday. D. Julia told that why they didn't have a picnic next Saturday. 18. "If I were you, I'd tell him the truth," she said to me. A. She said to me that if I were you, I'd tell him the truth. B. She will tell him the truth if she is me. C. She suggested to tell him the truth if she were me. D. She advised me to tell him the truth. 19. “ Stay in bed for a few days," the doctor said to him. A. The doctor said to him stay in bed for a few days. B. The doctor said him to stay in bed for a few days. C. The doctor told him to stay in bed for a few days. D. The doctor told to him stay in bed for a few days. 20. “ Why don't you have your room repainted?" said Viet to Nam. A Viet suggested that Nam should have his room repainted. B. Viet suggested having Nam's room repainted. C. Viet asked Nam why you didn't have your room repainted. D. Viet wanted to know why Nam doesn't have his room repainted. . CHUYÊN ĐỀ THE PASSIVE VOICE REPORTED SPEECH I. Basic knowledge I.Look at these sentences : -Active : Mr.Brown wrote the report . S V O -Passive : The report was written. written that book Ex2: ‘What happens ?’ They said They wanted to know what happened Exercise :Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note whether the sentence is a request, a statement or. (that) we would have a test the next day. 2. They said, “We have worked for this company for 10 years now.”  They said that they had worked for that company for 10 years then. II. Câu hỏi ( questions): 