Adverb Time Adverb Time Clauses Clauses Adverb Clauses Adverb Clauses  Adverb clause = dependent Adverb clause = dependent clause. clause. Ex. When the phone rang. Ex. When the phone rang.  Main clause = independent Main clause = independent clause. clause. Ex. The baby woke up. Ex. The baby woke up. Adverb Clauses and Tenses Adverb Clauses and Tenses Adverb clause or Adverb clause or Dependent clause Dependent clause Main Clause or Main Clause or Independent clause Independent clause PRESENT PRESENT FUTURE FUTURE PAST PERFECT PAST PERFECT PAST PAST FUTURE FUTURE PRESENT PRESENT PAST PAST PAST PROGRESSIVE PAST PROGRESSIVE PAST PAST PAST PAST PAST PAST PAST PERFECT PAST PERFECT PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT PRESENT AFTER AFTER  Future tense is not used in this adverb Future tense is not used in this adverb clause. clause. After she graduates, After she graduates, she will get a job. she will get a job. I will leave I will leave before he comes before he comes . . WHEN WHEN  When I arrived, he was talking on the When I arrived, he was talking on the phone. phone.  When I see him tomorrow, I will ask When I see him tomorrow, I will ask him. him. WHILE, AS WHILE, AS During that time. During that time. * Adverb clause is in * Adverb clause is in past progressive past progressive . . While I While I was walking was walking home home , it began to , it began to rain. rain. As I As I was walking was walking home home , it began to rain. , it began to rain. By the time By the time  By the time he arrived, we had By the time he arrived, we had already left. already left.  By the time he comes, we will have By the time he comes, we will have already left. already left. Since Since  From that time to the present From that time to the present • The present perfect is used in The present perfect is used in the the main clause. main clause. • I haven’t seen him I haven’t seen him since he left since he left this morning. this morning. • I’ve known her I’ve known her ever since I was ever since I was a child. a child. Until Until  We stayed there until we finished We stayed there until we finished our lesson. our lesson.  We stayed there till we finished our We stayed there till we finished our lesson. lesson. As soon as As soon as Once Once  As soon as it starts raining, we will As soon as it starts raining, we will leave. leave.  Once I have a chance, I will throw Once I have a chance, I will throw you an ice ball. you an ice ball.