Học phần Semantics & Pragmatics Ngữ nghĩa học& Ngữ dụng học 2 ĐVHT Giáo viên: Phạm Thị Hải Trang Lớp: 53 BPD 1&2 Khoa Ngoại Ngữ Lecture 1 Conceptual & Associative meaning (Denotation & Connotation) Conceptual & Associative meaning • Conceptual meaning/ literal meaning/ denotative meaning: basic meaning in the dictionary • Associative meaning/ figurative meaning/ connotative meaning: additional meaning to show people’s emotions or attitude Ex: a needle • “thin”, “sharp”, “steel” instrument • “pain”, “drugs”, “blood”, “thread”, “knitting” • Low-calorie – “Produce a small amount of heat and energy” – “Healthy” • Trắng – “Có màu sáng như màu của vôi, bông” – “Đẹp”, “mướt” white How to find the associative meaning of a word? • The culture in which the word is used • The language user’s family or educational background • The language user’s social or political class • The language user’s speech community or ethnic group. • Man – Human beings • Woman – Devoted, patient, beautiful, attractive – Talkative, wicked, destructive, spoiled • Fox – Cunning, deceitful • Slim – Charming, nice Exercise 1:What kind of connotation does each word below has? • Woman/ Mother/ witch • The old man/ man/ father • Slender/ skinny/ thin • Plump/ overweight/ fat • Stingy/Frugal • Pushy/ Aggressive Exercise 1:What kind of connotation does each word below has? • Woman/ Mother/ witch • The old man/ man/ father • Slender/ skinny/ thin • Plump/ overweight/ fat • Stingy/Frugal • Pushy/ Aggressive – Positive connotations: • mother, father, slender, plump, frugal – Negative connotations: • witch, the old man, fat, stingy, pushy – Neutral connotations: • woman, man, thin, overweight Exercise 2 1. Which word below may be considered old-fashioned: stewardess or flight attendant? 2. Which word below is considered old-fashioned in everyday speech: automobile or car? 3. Which word below has a more negative connotation: cautious or cowardly? 4. Which word below can suggest a lack of politeness: bold or adventurous? 5. Which word below would describe a person appear in a painting: naked or nude? 6. Which word below suggests a higher level of skill and training: career or job? . Học phần Semantics & Pragmatics Ngữ nghĩa học& Ngữ dụng học 2 ĐVHT Giáo viên: Phạm Thị Hải Trang Lớp: 53 BPD 1&2 Khoa Ngoại Ngữ Lecture 1 Conceptual & Associative meaning (Denotation. 1&2 Khoa Ngoại Ngữ Lecture 1 Conceptual & Associative meaning (Denotation & Connotation) Conceptual & Associative meaning • Conceptual meaning/ literal meaning/ denotative meaning: