NOUNS IN ENGLISH Ngo Quynh Hoa, MA WHAT IS A NOUN?  John, Mary, London, Friday  Brother, child, nurse, mother  Bear, deer, dog, parrot, fish  Arm, face, pencil, spoon, table  Aim, beauty, belief, friendship  Writing, talking, swimming, dancing  Nouns are words or names for people, places, animals, or things. FORMS OF NOUNS  “I‟m just going along to the shop on the corner to buy vegetables and collect the newspapers” called Kay to her mother. I won‟t take the dogs – when they bark they annoy people and frighten children.  Nouns may be singular or plural. Plural nouns usually end in s. But some plural nouns don‟t end in s. FORMS OF NOUNS  “Well, you can take them for a walk up the hill or round the park later – it‟ll be good for them to get away from home”, said her mother. “They haven‟t had an outing for a while, so they do need some exercise. This weather is ideal.”  Nouns can be used with the articles the or a/an. Some nouns (such as home, school) can be used with zero article. Determiners such as possessive, quantifiers and demonstratives can be used with nouns. FORMS OF NOUNS  Kay picked up her shopping bag, opened the front door, and stepped out on to the footpath. A van-driver stopped for her as she used the pedestrian crossing. It was a lovely warm day as she headed for the shop on the corner.  Nouns need not be single words: they may be compounds (consisting of two or more words). Or they may be phrases (usually called noun phrases) FUNCTIONS OF NOUNS  The sun shone down. Kay enjoyed its warmth as she ran along to the end of the street. The shop was actually a small supermarket now, but everybody still called it „the shop‟ or „the corner shop‟. FUNCTIONS OF NOUNS  A noun can be: 1. The subject of a verb 2. The object of a verb 3. The object of a preposition 4. The complement after a linking verb 5. The object complement 6. The adjectival before another noun Ex 1: Find out the functions of red nouns 1. I became an actress quite by accident. 2. I walked into the sitting room. 3. Have you fed the cat? 4. Which region are you from? 5. The judges voted James the winner. 6. Mum and Dad usually get up about 6 am. 7. Is that light switch faulty? 8. We didn‟t dare make a sound. Ex 1: Find out the functions of red nouns 1. Which lecture are you going to? 2. You‟re standing on my toe. 3. We often run along the river bank for exercise and enjoyment. 4. Are you a doctor? 5. She called me a fool. 6. Be a man! 7. Rain clouds were approaching. 8. We are planning to review the school curriculum. TYPES OF NOUNS  Nouns can be broadly classified into 2 main groups:  Proper nouns: the names of particular people, places, things, buildings, and publications (have capital letters). David, Mr. Green, Hanoi, Friday, The Times Germans, Muslims, Coca-cola, Christianity  Common nouns: all other nouns. Among common nouns there are several types. [...]... nouns Abstract nouns Collective nouns Common-gender nouns Masculine nouns Feminine nouns Neuter nouns Definitions       Concrete nouns refer to things you can see and touch Abstract nouns refer to things you cannot see or touch Collective nouns are words for groups of people or things Masculine nouns are words for men and boys, and male animals and birds Feminine nouns are words for women and girls,... Spain Singapore People ANSWERS Country Australia Canada Egypt Germany Indonesia Sweden Japan People Australians Canadians Egyptians Germans Indonesians Swedes The Japanese Country Thailand Wales France Pakistan Switzerland Spain Singapore People Thais The Welsh The French Pakistanis The Swiss Spaniards Singaporeans COMMON NOUNS         Countable and uncountable nouns Concrete nouns Abstract nouns. .. thinking of the group more as a unit than as several people GENDER Masculine Boy Man Father Son Brother Uncle Nephew Husband Bridegroom fiancé Feminine Common-gender GENDER Masculine Boy Man Father Son Brother Uncle Nephew Husband Bridegroom fiancé Feminine Girl Woman Mother Daughter Sister Aunt Niece Wife Bride Fiancée Common-gender Child Person Parent Child Sibling Spouse, partner - GENDER Masculine... Feminine Common-gender GENDER Masculine Manager Master Millionaire Poet Policeman Prince Steward Waiter Wizard Sculptor Feminine Manageress Mistress Millionairess Poetess Policewoman Princess Stewardess Waitress Witch sculptress Common-gender Manager Poet Police officer (fight) attendant sculptor GENDER Animal Cat Cattle Chicken Deer (large) Deer (small) Dog Duck Fox Goose Horse Masculine Feminine... Masculine Cat Cattle Chicken Deer (large) Deer (small) Dog Duck Fox Goose Horse Tom (cat) Bull Cock/ cockerel/ rooster Stag Buck Dog Drake (dog) fox Gander Stallion Feminine Cat Cow Hen Hind Doe Bitch Duck Vixen Goose Mare GENDER Animal Leopard Lion Peacock Pig Sheep tiger Masculine Feminine GENDER Animal Leopard Lion Peacock Pig Sheep tiger Masculine Leopard Lion Peacock Boar Ram Tiger Feminine Leopardess... Belgium Egypt German India Pakistan Thailand China Capital Islamabad Bangkok New Delhi Brussels Cairo Berlin Beijing Country 8 France 9 Great Britain 10 Italy 11 Korea 12 The USA 13 Japan Capital London Rome Paris Tokyo Seoul Washington DC PROPER NOUNS  Groups of people   Business companies and other organizations The people of countries Country Australia Canada Egypt Germany Indonesia Sweden Japan... Gentleman Host King landlord Feminine Common-gender GENDER Masculine Actor Author Chairman Duke Emperor Fireman Gentleman Host King landlord Feminine Actress Authoress Chairwoman Duchess Empress Lady Hostess Queen Landlady Common-gender Actor Author Chairperson/ chair Monarch, sovereign Firefighter Person Monarch, sovereign - GENDER Masculine Manager Master Millionaire Poet Policeman Prince Steward Waiter... food, etc A portion or helping of something An object made of or connected with a material An individual piece of something Some CN can be turned in to UN, for example, fruits or vegetables or other foods that can be divided into pieces or portions, or turned into a mass by cooking or beating Some Abstract Noun Endings         -ness (qualities): Adj + ness N -ion (activity): V + ion  N -y, -ty,... clothing the police folk Collective Nouns         My family comes from Hong Kong My family were pleased to see you again The staff consists of a manager and four sales assistants The staff are pleased with their pay rise Our team has a good chance of victory Our team have been practicing hard Use a plural verb, especially when thinking of the group as several individual people Use a singular... being a certain thing) -ment (the activity of doing or the state produced by the verb) -our (qualities, states, activities) Parts of speech Noun Cold (a) Great (a) Act (v) Instruct (v) Permit (v) Honest (a) Loyal (a) Active (a) Major (a) Annoy (v) Noun Occur (v) Confident (a) Patient (a) Important (a) Child (n) False (a) Manage (v) Amaze (v) Treat (v) Behave (v) ANSWERS Cold (a) Great (a) Act (v) Instruct . Collective nouns  Common-gender nouns  Masculine nouns  Feminine nouns  Neuter nouns Definitions  Concrete nouns refer to things you can see and touch.  Abstract nouns refer to things. planning to review the school curriculum. TYPES OF NOUNS  Nouns can be broadly classified into 2 main groups:  Proper nouns: the names of particular people, places, things, buildings,. beauty, belief, friendship  Writing, talking, swimming, dancing  Nouns are words or names for people, places, animals, or things. FORMS OF NOUNS  “I‟m just going along to the shop on the corner