Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
Kỳ thi TOEFL dạng mới ( Internet based) hay còn lại là TOEFLiBT sẽ kiểm tra bốn kỹ năng ngôn ngữ. Các kỹ năng này rất quan trọng trong việc đảm bảo giao tiếp có hiệu quả, đó là kỹ năng nói, nghe, đọc, viết. TOEFLiBT nhấn mạnh vào việc kiểm tra các kỹ năng này và đây là kỳ thi cung cấp thông tin đầy đủ hơn về khả năng ngôn ngữ tiếng Anh của thí sinh cho các trường đại học, các viện nghiên cứu.......
MC LC Li nói đu 1 I. Gii thiu k thi TOEFL dng mi (TOEFL iBT) 2 1. Tng quan 2 2. Có gì mi trong k thi TOEFL iBT 2 3. Cu trúc ca k thi TOEFL iBT 2 4. Di đim TOEFL iBT đc tính nh th nào ? 3 II. Gii thiu chi tit v các phn trong TOEFL iBT 3 1. Phn đc 3 a) Hng dn 3 b) Ví d bài đc 1 4 c) Ví d bài đc 2 8 d) Ví d bài đc 3 13 e) áp án ví d 3 bài đc 18 2. Phn nói 21 a) iu chnh Microphone 21 b) Hng dn 21 c) Ví d câu hi 1 22 d) Ví d câu hi 2 22 e) Ví d câu hi 3: 23 f) Ví d câu hi 4 25 g) Ví d câu hi 5: 28 h) Ví d câu hi 6: 31 3. Phn nghe 33 a) Thay đi Volume 33 b) Hng dn phn nghe 34 c) Ví d phn nghe 1 34 d) Ví d phn nghe 2 40 e) Ví d phn nghe 3 47 f) Ví d phn nghe 4 53 g) Ví d phn nghe 5 58 e) Ví d phn nghe 6 67 h) áp án các ví d phn nghe 73 4. Phn vit 75 a) Bài vit 1 75 b) Bài vit 2 76 c) Ví d bài vit 1 76 d) Ví d bài vit 2 79 III. Trin khai k thi TOEFL iBT 79 1. Thi gian trin khai k thi TOEFL iBT 79 2. Ngày thi iBT (T tháng 9 nm 2005 đn tháng sáu nm 2006) 80 IV. Mt s câu hi thng gp 81 1. Liu rng chúng ta có th ch tham d mt phn xác đnh nào đó trong bài thi TOEFL iBT? 81 2. K thi TOEFL mi này có khó hn các k thi TOEFL hin ti ? 81 3. Cách thc đng ký thi TOEFL iBT? 81 4. L phí cho k thi này là bao nhiêu? 81 5. Phn thi nói đc tính đim nh th nào? 81 6. Phn thi vit đc tính đim nh th nào? 81 7. Các trng đi hc liu có còn chp nhn đim ca các k thi TOEFL trên giy (PBT) hay trên máy (CBT) không ? 82 V. Kinh nghim ca mt thí sinh đã thi TOEFL iBT 82 1. Nói qua v TOEFL iBT 82 2. Phn đc 82 3. Phn nghe 83 4. Phn nói 84 5. Phn vit 85 6. n tng 85 7. Tht vng 86 TOEFL iBT- Nhng điu cn bit www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gii pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 1 Li nói đu Xin chào các bn! Vi mong mun cung cp cho các bn mt cái nhìn tng th v k thi TOEFL mi, TOEFL iBT, Dethi Group xin gi ti các bn cun tài liu Nhng điu cn bit v k thi TOEFL mi, TOEFL iBT. Cun tài liu cung cp cho bn cái nhìn tng quan nht v k thi TOEFL iBT cng nh cu trúc và cách thc thi ca mi phn trong TOEFL iBT. Qua cun sách này bn s hiu bit hn v k thi TOEFL iBT và có k hoch tt hn cho k thi TOEFL ca mình. Ngoài cun sách này, Dethi Group cung cp các dch v h tr thi sau: 1. ng ký online TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, SAT,…. 2. Chuyn đim TOEFL, GRE, GMAT,…. 3. Xem đim TOEFL, GMAT, GRE sm. 4. Hoãn thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE 5. T vn hc thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE min phí 6. Và nhiu dch v khác Thông tin chi tit xin vui lòng gi theo s đin thoi 0904 190 851 Chúc các bn thi tt! Hà Ni 10/2005 Dethi Group TOEFL iBT- Nhng điu cn bit www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gii pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 2 I. Gii thiu k thi TOEFL dng mi (TOEFL iBT) 1. Tng quan K thi TOEFL dng mi (Internet-based) hay còn gi là TOEFL iBT s kim tra bn k nng ngôn ng. Các k nng này rt quan trng trong vic đm bo giao tip có hiu qu, đó là k nng nói, nghe, đc và vit. TOEFL iBT nhn mnh vào vic kim tra các k nng này và đây là k thi cung cp thông tin đy đ hn v kh nng ngôn ng ting Anh ca thí sinh cho các trng đi hc, các vin nghiên cu. 2. Có gì mi trong k thi TOEFL iBT • K thi TOEFL iBT có thêm phn nói, các k thi TOEFL trên giy (PBT) hay trên máy (CBT) trc đây cha có phn này. Phn nói này gm mt s câu hi đc lp và mt s câu hi đc đòi hi kt hp hp vi vic nghe và đc. • K thi TOEFL iBT không còn phn Cu trúc ng pháp (Structure). Ng pháp đc ngm kim tra trên nhng câu hi trong tng phn. • Các bài ging và các bài hi thoi trong phn Nghe (Listening) dài hn, nhng bù li bn đc phép ghi nháp (note- taking) • Tc đ trong phn âm thanh là t nhiên hn, và có th mt bài ging s là ging British hay Australian. Và cng s có nhiu câu hi mi kim tra kh nng hiu đc thái đ, mc đ chc chn và mc đích ca ngi nói. • Phn đc s có nhng câu hi mi buc thí sinh phi phân loi thông tin và đin vào biu đ hay hoàn thành mt phn tng kt nào đó. • Phn vit đòi hi bn phi đánh trên máy tính, bn không có c hi đ vit trên giy na. Bn phi vit 2 bài, mt bài vit đòi hi kt hp vi vic đc và nghe và mt bài vit đc lp. 3. Cu trúc ca k thi TOEFL iBT K thi TOEFL iBT gm 4 phn và thí sinh s mt khong 4 gi đ hoàn thành bài thi. Cu trúc bài thi nh sau: Phn thi Thi gian gii hn Nhim v c 60-100 phút 36-70 câu hi Nghe 60-90 phút 34-51 câu hi Ngh gii lao 10 phút - TOEFL iBT- Nhng điu cn bit www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gii pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 3 Phn thi Thi gian gii hn Nhim v Nói 20 phút 6 câu hi Vit 50 phút 2 bài 4. Di đim TOEFL iBT đc tính nh th nào ? Di đim ca k thi TOEFL mi iBT nh sau Phn Di đim Nghe 0-30 c 0-30 Nói 0-30 Vit 0-30 Tng đim 0-120 Tng đim cui cùng là tng đim ca 4 k nng Nghe, Nói, c, Vit II. Gii thiu chi tit v các phn trong TOEFL iBT 1. Phn đc a) Hng dn Trong phn này bn s đc 3 bài và tr li các câu hi ca mi bài. a phn các câu hi là 1 đim, nhng câu hi cui trong mi bài thng nhiu hn 1 đim. Bn có 60 phút đ đc toàn b các bài và tr li câu hi. Trong các bài đc thng có nhng t hay đon đc đánh du màu xanh. Bn có th bm chut vào t đó hay đon đó đ xem đnh ngha hay gii thích v t hay đon đó. chuyn sang câu hi k tip, bn phi nhn nút Next. Bn có th b qua các câu hi và sau đó quay li chng nào còn thi gian. quay li các câu hi trc đó, bn kích nút Back. Bn có th kích nút Review bt k thi đim nào và mt màn hình hin ra cho phép bn xem nhng câu hi bn đã tr li và nhng câu hi bn cha tr li. T màn hình này bn có th nhy đn bt k câu hi nào trong phn c. Khi bn đã sn sàng tip tc tr li, kích biu tng Dismiss Directions TOEFL iBT- Nhng điu cn bit www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gii pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 4 b) Ví d bài đc 1 Opportunists and Competitors Growth, reproduction, and daily metabolism all require an organism to expend energy. The expenditure of energy is essentially a process of budgeting, just as finances are budgeted. If all of one’s money is spent on clothes, there may be none left to buy food or go to the movies. Similarly, a plant or animal cannot squander all its energy on growing a big body if none would be left over for reproduction, for this is the surest way to extinction. All organisms, therefore, allocate energy to growth, reproduction, maintenance, and storage. No choice is involved; this allocation comes as part of the genetic package from the parents. Maintenance for a given body design of an organism is relatively constant. Storage is important, but ultimately that energy will be used for maintenance, reproduction, or growth. Therefore the principal differences in energy allocation are likely to be between growth and reproduction. Almost all of an organism’s energy can be diverted to reproduction, with very little allocated to building the body. Organisms at this extreme are “opportunists.” At the other extreme are “competitors,” almost all of whose resources are invested in building a huge body, with a bare minimum allocated to reproduction. Dandelions are good examples of opportunists. Their seedheads raised just high enough above the ground to catch the wind, the plants are no bigger than they need be, their stems are hollow, and all the rigidity comes from their water content. Thus, a minimum investment has been made in the body that becomes a platform for seed dispersal. These very short-lived plants reproduce prolifically; that is to say they provide a constant rain of seed in the neighborhood of parent plants. A new plant will spring up wherever a seed falls on a suitable soil surface, but because they do not build big bodies, they cannot compete with other plants for space, water, or sunlight. These plants are termed opportunists because they rely on their seeds’ falling into settings where competing plants have been removed by natural processes, such as along an eroding riverbank, on landslips, or where a tree falls and creates a gap in the forest canopy. Opportunists must constantly invade new areas to compensate for being displaced by more competitive species. Human landscapes of lawns, fields, or flowerbeds provide settings with bare soil and a lack of competitors that are perfect habitats for colonization by opportunists. Hence, many of the strongly opportunistic plants are the common weeds of fields and gardens. TOEFL iBT- Nhng điu cn bit www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gii pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 5 Because each individual is short-lived, the population of an opportunist species is likely to be adversely affected by drought, bad winters, or floods. If their population is tracked through time, it will be seen to be particularly unstable— soaring and plummeting in irregular cycles. The opposite of an opportunist is a competitor. These organisms tend to have big bodies, are long-lived, and spend relatively little effort each year on reproduction. An oak tree is a good example of a competitor. A massive oak claims its ground for 200 years or more, outcompeting all other would-be canopy trees by casting a dense shade and drawing up any free water in the soil. The leaves of an oak tree taste foul because they are rich in tannins, a chemical that renders them distasteful or indigestible to many organisms. The tannins are part of the defense mechanism that is essential to longevity. Although oaks produce thousands of acorns, the investment in a crop of acorns is small compared with the energy spent on building leaves, trunk, and roots. Once an oak tree becomes established, it is likely to survive minor cycles of drought and even fire. A population of oaks is likely to be relatively stable through time, and its survival is likely to depend more on its ability to withstand the pressures of competition or predation than on its ability to take advantage of chance events. It should be noted, however, that the pure opportunist or pure competitor is rare in nature, as most species fall between the extremes of a continuum, exhibiting a blend of some opportunistic and some competitive characteristics. 1. The word squander in the passage is closest in meaning to • extend • transform • activate • waste 2. The word none in the passage refers to • food • plant or animal • energy • big body 3. In paragraph 1, the author explains the concept of energy expenditure by • identifying types of organisms that became extinct • comparing the scientific concept to a familiar human experience • arguing that most organisms conserve rather than expend energy • describing the processes of growth, reproduction, and metabolism TOEFL iBT- Nhng điu cn bit www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gii pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 6 Paragraph 1 is marked with an arrow . 4. According to the passage, the classification of organisms as “opportunists” or “competitors” is determined by • how the genetic information of an organism is stored and maintained • the way in which the organism invests its energy resources • whether the climate in which the organism lives is mild or extreme • the variety of natural resources the organism consumes in its environment 5. The word dispersal in the passage is closest in meaning to • development • growth • distribution • protection 6. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. • Because their seeds grow in places where competing plants are no longer present, dandelions are classified as opportunists. • Dandelions are called opportunists because they contribute to the natural processes of erosion and the creation of gaps in the forest canopy. • The term opportunists applies to plants whose seeds fall in places where they can compete with the seeds of other plants. • The term opportunists applies to plants whose falling seeds are removed by natural processes. 7. The word massive in the passage is closest in meaning to • huge • ancient • common • successful 8. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 7 as contributing to the longevity of an oak tree EXCEPT • the capacity to create shade • leaves containing tannin • the ability to withstand mild droughts and fire TOEFL iBT- Nhng điu cn bit www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gii pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 7 • the large number of acorns the tree produces Paragraph 7 is marked with an arrow . 9. According to the passage, oak trees are considered competitors because • they grow in areas free of opportunists • they spend more energy on their leaves, trunks and roots than on their acorns • their population tends to increase or decrease in irregular cycles • unlike other organisms, they do not need much water or sunlight 10. In paragraph 7, the author suggests that most species of organisms • are primarily opportunists • are primarily competitors • begin as opportunists and evolve into competitors • have some characteristics of opportunists and some of competitors Paragraph 7 is marked with an arrow . 11. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Such episodic events will cause a population of dandelions, for example, to vary widely. Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage. 12. Directions: Complete the table by matching the phrases below Directions: Select the appropriate phrases from the answer choices and match them to the type of organism to which they relate. TWO of the answer choices will NOT be used. This question is worth 4 points. Drag your answer choices to the spaces where they belong. To remove an answer choice, click on it. To review the passage, click on View Text. Answer Choices Opportunists Vary frequently the amount of energy they spend in body [...]... h i v cái b n ã nghe Câu tr l i c a b n c ch m i m d a trên kh n ng nói rõ ràng, m ch l c và kh n ng truy n t i thông tin m t cách chính xác nh ng gì b n ã nghe www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gi i pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 21 TOEFL iBT- Nh ng i u c n bi t Trong ph n nghe b n có th ghi chú các thông tin c n thi t khi b n c và b n nghe B n ph i nghe m t cách c... n m t và b n s nghe m t bài nói v cùng ch ó B n s ph i tr l i m t câu h i v cái b n ã c và ã nghe B n c n ph i k t h p các thông tin thích h p t nh ng gì ã c và ã nghe tr l i hoàn ch nh câu h i Ph n tr l i c a b n c ch m i m d a trên kh n ng nói rõ ràng và m ch l c và d a trên kh n ng truy n t i thông tin m t cách chính xác v nh ng gì ã c và ã nghe Trong câu h i 5 và câu h i 6, b n s nghe m t ph n h... probably get an extension on your paper, or on the math assignment www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gi i pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 29 TOEFL iBT- Nh ng i u c n bi t Student B You think? It would give me a little more time to prepare for my exams right now Student A Well, I mean another thing that you might do I mean have you tried making yourself a schedule?... minor ideas in the passage This question is worth 2 points Scholars have wondered about the meaning of the subjects, location, and overpainting of Lascaux cave images Answer Choices The paintings may have recorded Unlike painters of the recently discovered information about animal migrations, paintings, other Lascaux cave painters www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gi i pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA,... ideas in the passage Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage This question is worth 2 points www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gi i pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 17 TOEFL iBT- Nh ng i u c n bi t In the future, wind power is likely to become a major source of the world’s... seasonal migrations made by herds Because some paintings were made directly www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gi i pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 8 TOEFL iBT- Nh ng i u c n bi t over others, obliterating them, it is probable that a painting’s value ended with the migration it pictured Unfortunately, this explanation fails to explain the hidden locations, unless the migrations... preparation ceremony This opinion holds that the pictures and whatever ceremony they accompanied were an ancient method of psychologically motivating hunters It is conceivable that before going hunting the hunters would draw or study pictures of animals and imagine a successful hunt Considerable support exists for this opinion because several animals in the pictures are wounded by arrows and spears This opinion... prepare your response after the beep [Ti ng bíp2 giây] www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gi i pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, CISCO, ORACLE 22 TOEFL iBT- Nh ng i u c n bi t Narrator Some universities require first-year students to live in dormitories on campus Others allow students to live off campus Which policy do you think is better for first-year students and why? Include details... they are now With this many students, it’s hard to get the personal attention you need Student A Yeah, I guess you’re right You know, in some classes I can’t even get a seat And I couldn’t take the math course I wanted to because it was already full when I signed up Student B And the other thing is, well, I am kind of worried about not being able to get a job after I graduate www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net-... female and her young, and so on This is why domesticated horses can be harnessed one after the other in a row They’re “programmed” to follow the lead of another horse On top of that, you often find different herds of horses in the wild occupying overlapping areas—they don’t fight off other herds that enter the same territory www.dethi.net – www.testtip.net- Gi i pháp thi TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, CCNA, MCSE, . 8 maintenance Have mechanisms for protecting themselves from predation Succeed in locations where other organisms have been removed Have relatively short life spans Invest energy in. near cave entrances or completely in the open. Cave paintings in France and Spain, however, are in recesses and caverns far removed from original cave entrances. This means that artists were forced. that whoever made them did not want them to be easily found. Since cave dwellers normally lived close to entrances, there must have been some reason why so many generations of Lascaux cave dwellers