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Tài liệu này bao gồm các phạm trù ngữ pháp tiếng Anh từ cơ bản như kiến thức về thì, câu chủ động bị động.... đến các kiến thức nâng cao ít hoặc không được đề cập trong SGK như phần thứ tự vị trí tính từ khi bổ nghĩa cho danh từ, các cấu trúc câu đặc biệt, đảo ngữ... Đi kèm với từng chuyên đề là các bài tập thực hành bám sát có đáp án, cả tự luận lẫn trắc nghiệm với mức độ khác nhau, phù hợp với các em học sinh trung bình khá hoặc học sinh mới bắt đầu ôn thi môn tiếng Anh.
PHẦN 1: TENSE A Tenses: 1 The simple present tense: (Thì hiện tại đơn/thường) #Đối với động từ "to be": ở thì hiện tại đơn, động từ "to be" được chia làm 3 hình thức là am, is, are Trong đó: am: chỉ dùng với chủ ngữ là "I" is: dùng với chủ ngữ là ngôi thứ 3 số ít (He, She, It, 1 người/1 vật, danh từ không đếm được) are: dùng cho các chủ ngữ còn lại (We, You, They, 2 người/2 vật trở lên) Cấu trúc: Câu khẳng định (+): S + am/is/are Câu phủ định (-): S + am/is/are + not Câu nghi vấn (?): (Từ hỏi) + am/is/are + S + Đối với động từ thường: (+): S + V(s/es) + (-): S + do/does + not + V(nguyên thể) (?): (Từ hỏi) + do/does + S + V(nguyên thể) Dấu hiệu nhận biết (Các trạng từ thường gặp): always, usually, often, sometimes, everyday/week/night…, seldom, rarely… Diễn tả một hành động thường xuyên xảy ra, thói quen ở hiện tại, một sự thật hiển nhiên, một chân lý 2 The present continuous tense: (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn) S + am / is / are + V-ing Adverbs: now, at the moment, at present, right now Diễn ta một sự việc đang diễn ra ngay trong lúc nói hoặc một sự việc xảy ra trong một thời gian ngắn xung quanh lúc nói Cấu trúc be + going to + V diễn tả một dự định trong tương lai, có kế hoạch từ trước 3 The present perfect tense: (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành) S + have / has + V pp(ed/3) Adverbs: just, already, not…yet, never, ever, recently, several/many times, up to now, so far, For + khoảng thời gian, Since + mốc thời gian… Diễn tả một sự việc đã xảy ra nhưng không xác định thời gian Diễn tả một sự việc xảy ra trong quá khứ và kéo dài đến hiện tại Diễn tả một sự việc đã xảy ra và kết thúc nhưng kết quả vẫn còn liên quan đến hiện tại 4 The simple past tense: (Thì quá khứ đơn) S + V(ở dạng quá khứ đơn) (Nếu là “to be”: S + was / were) Adverbs: yesterday, last, ago, in (2005) Diễn tả một sự việc đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ 5 The past continuous tense: (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn) S + was / were + V -ing Diễn tả một sự việc đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm nhất định trong quá khứ ( at 7:00 last night) Diễn tả 2 sự việc đang xảy ra song song trong quá khứ hoặc một sự việc đang xảy ra thì có một sự việc khác xen vào (Thường gặp các liên từ: when, while, as) 6 The past perfect tense : (Thì quá khứ hoàn thành) S + had + Vpp Diễn tả một hoạt động xảy ra trước một thời điểm hoặc một sự việc khác cũng ở trong quá khứ Thường được dùng cùng thì quá khứ đơn (trong các câu có liên từ: before, after, until) 7 The simple future tense: (Thì tương lai đơn) S + will / shall + V(bare) Adverbs: tomorrow, in the future, next…, in six days (trong 6 ngày tới) 8 The present perfect continuous : (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn) S + have / has + been + V-ing Diễn tả hành động xảy ra tỏng quá khứ, kéo dài liên tục đến hiện tại( wait, sleep, study….) Ex: I have been waiting for her for 3 hours/ since 3 o’clock 9 The future continuous: (Thì tương lai tiếp diễn) S + will + be + V-ing Diễn tả một sự việc đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm trong tương lai hoặc xảy ra song song với một sự việc khác trong tương lai Ex: This time next week we will be lying on the beach 10 The future perfect: (Thì tương lai hoàn thành) S + will + have + Vpp Diễn tả một sự việc hoàn thành trước một thời điểm trong tương lai Ex : We will have left school before this July | The adverbial clauses of time: (mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian): Là mệnh đề bắt đầ bằng các liên từ: when, while, as, after, before, as soon as, till, until, since… Sự phối hợp về thì trong câu có mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian: Main clause Adverbial clause of time 1 Present tenses ( hiện tại) present tenses 2 Past tenses (quá khứ) past tenses 3 Future tenses (tương lai) present tenses ¬ Notes : ª Không dùng thì tương lai ( will/shall ) trong mệnh đề chỉ thời gian ª Đối với liên từ “since”: S + has/have +Ved/3 since S + Ved/2 ª Cả 2 hành động đã xảy ra: S + had +Ved/3 before S + Ved/2 S + Ved/2 after S + had + Ved/3 ª Sau WHILE/AS thường dùng thì tiếp diễn: while/ as S + was/were + V-ing ª Sau các liên từ không có chủ ngữ, ta dùng Ving: After having finished the exam, I’ll go home Exercise: Choose the best answer: 1 I this film twice A see B saw C will see D have seen 2 After her performance, she invited the audience to ask questions A she finishes B finished C finishing D she will finish 3 His father of cancer last year A will die B has died C died D had died 4 The train when we got to the station A just left B just leaves C has just left D had just left 5 As soon as Martina saw the fire, she the fire department A was telephoning B telephoned C had telephoned D has telephoned 6 Before Jennifer won the lottery, she any kind of contest A hasn’t entered B doesn’t enter C wasn’t entering D hadn’t entered 7 Every time Parkas sees a movie made in India, he homesick A will have left B felt C feels D is feeling 8 Since I left Venezuela six years ago, I to visit friends and family several times A return B will have returned C am returning D have returned 9 Yesterday while I was attending a sales meeting, Mathew on the company annual report A was working B had been working C has worked D works 10 When my parents - for a visit tomorrow, they will see our new baby for the first time A will arrive B arrived C arrive D will have arrived 11 The last time I in Athens, the weather was hot and humid A had been B was C am D will have been 12 After the race , the celebration began A had been won B is won C will be won D has been won 13 Andy out of the restaurant when he Jenny A came/saw B is coming /saw C came/was seeing D was coming/had seen 14 While he was washing his car, Mr Brown a small dint in the rear fender A has discovered B was discovering C is discovering D discovered 15 Linda has lost her passport again It’s the second time this A has happened B happens C happened D had happened 16 At this time tomorrow, we our final exam A will have taking B will be taken C would take D will be taking 17 The baby Don’t make so much noise A sleep B sleeps C is sleeping D slept 18 Peter said he a test the following day A had had B will have C has had D would have 19 It is not so hot today as it yesterday A is B was C would be D had been 20 a party next Saturday We have sent out the invitation A we had B we have C we’re having D we have had 21 I’m very tired over four hundred miles to day A I drive B I’ve driven C I’m driving D I’ve been driving 22 I’m busy at the moment on the computer A I work B I’m worked C I’m working D I worked 23 Our friends meet us at the airport tonight A are B are going to C go to D will be to 24 I will tell Anna all the news when her A I’ll see B I’m going to see C I see D I’m seeing 25 Don’t worry, I here to help you A be B will be C am going to be D won’t be 26 When I entered the room, everyone A has been dancing B was dancing C had danced D danced 27 Before the invention of the steamboat, there no way to cross the ocean A has been B could have been C had been D would be 28 He said that he his homework since 7 o’clock A had done B did C has done D was doing 29 Tom said everything ready when the match A will be/starts B would be/started C is/started D will be/started 30 How long able to drive? - Since 1990 A could you B have you been C were you D are you 31 She won't get married until she 25 years old A is B will be C had been D was 32 Look The yard is wet It last night A must rain B couldn’t have rained C must have rained D should have rained 33 After Mary her degree, she intends to work in her father's company A will finish B is finishing C finishes D will have finished 34 When he all the letters, he took them to the post office A has written B had written C wrote D had been writing 35 By the end of this month, I English for 6 years A have learnt B will have learnt C had learnt D learnt 36 We in touch with each other for years A will not keep B are not keeping C did not keep D have not kept 37 She has learnt French the age of five A since B for C before D in 38 Tom before we arrived there A has left B had left C will leave D leaves 39 Up to now, I a lot of information about her A learnt B have learnt C will learn D would learn 40 Wait here until I you A am going to call B will call C am calling D call 41 When I came to visit her, she a bath A was having B has C is having D had Mary had to go to New York last week, but she almost -42 - the plane She -43 - in the queue at the check-in desk when she suddenly 44 that she 45 her passport at home Fortunately, she -46 - very far from the airport, so she 47 time to take a taxi at home to get it 42 A missed B was missing C had missed D had been missing 43 A stood B had stood C was standing D had been standing 44 A was realizing B realized C had realized D would realize 45 A was leaving B left C had left D would leave 46 A hadn’t lived B doesn’t live C didn’t live D hasn’t lived 47 A had B had had C has D has had 48 It is an hour since he , so he should be at office now A left B has left C had left D was leaving B Transformation of tenses: ¬ Notes: a It + be + time + since + simple past b It is the first/ second/ third …… time + present perfect c The last time + simple past d Present perfect + since + simple past Exercise: Rewrite these sentences: 1 The last time she had a swim was ten years ago She hasn’t ………………………………………… 2 I have never met such a famous person before It is ………………………………………………… 3 I last saw him when I was a student I haven’t ………………………………………………………… 4 I haven’t come there for two years I last ………………………………………………………… 5 I have studied English for seven years I started ………………………………………………………… Exercise: Choose the best answer: 1 I have never seen such beautiful pictures before A These pictures are the most beautiful I have never seen B These pictures are the most beautiful I have ever seen C This is the first time I see beautiful pictures D This is the first time I have seen beautiful pictures 2 Jack has stopped writing letters to Jill A Jack has no longer stopped writing letters to Jill B Jack used to write letters to Jill C Jack has never written letters to Jill D Jack stopped writing letters to Jill when Jill come 3 Mary has been working in this company for five years A Mary began to work in this company for five years B Mary began working in this company for five years ago C Mary began to work in this company five years ago D Mary has begun to work in this company five years ago 4 I have never eaten this kind of food before A I used to eat this kind of food before B Before I came here I had ever eaten this kind of food C This is the first time I have ever eaten this kind of food D This is the most delicious food I have ever eaten 5 She last saw him years ago A She hasn’t seen him years ago B She hasn’t seen him for years ago C She didn’t see him for years D It’s years since she last saw him 6 It’s ages since I last saw a Hollywood film A It’s ages because I last saw a Hollywood film B I haven’t seen any Hollywood film before C I saw a last Hollywood film since ages ago D I haven’t seen a Hollywood film for a long time 7 He hasn’t smoked a cigarette for a week A It is for a week that he hasn’t smoked a cigarette B It is a week since he last smoked a cigarette C It is a cigarette that he smoked a week ago D It is a week ago that he smoked a cigarette 8 It started to rain at 2 o’clock and it is still raining A It has been raining at 2 o’clock B It has been raining since 2 o’clock C It has been raining for 2 o’clock D It has been raining in 2 o’clock 9 They had finished their tea and then they left A They finished their tea after they had left B After they had left, they finished their tea C They had left before they finished their tea D After they had finished their tea, they left 10 John began playing the piano 10 years ago A John played the piano 10 years ago B John has played the piano for 10 years C John used to play the piano 10 years ago D John doesn’t play the piano anymore SỰ HOÀ HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ (THE AGREEMENT OF A VERB WITH ITS SUBJECT) [1] : Hai hay nhiều chủ ngữ số ít đựơc nối bởi liên từ AND thì đòi hỏi một động từ số nhiều - The boy and the girl love their parents dearly - Tom and Mary were late yesterday Tuy nhieân, neáu hai chöû töø naøy dieãn taû moät ngöôøi, moät vaät hay moät yù töôûng chung thì ñoäng töø vaãn ôû soá ít - Bread and butter is my daily breakfast - To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in life [2] : Hai chủ ngữ nối với nhau bằng AND mà trước chủ ngữ đầu có EACH, EVERY, MANY A, NO thì động từ phải được chia ở số ít - Each boy and girl has a textbook - No teacher and student is present [3] : Khi hai chủ ngữ được nối bởi OR,NOR, BUT, NOT ONLY… BUT… ALSO ,EITHER… OR, NEITHER…NOR…thì động từ hoà hợp cùng với chủ ngữ gần nó nhất - He or you are the best student in this class - Neither Jack nor I am willing to do that [4] : Khi hai chủ ngữ được nối bởi AS WELL AS, NO LESS THAN, WITH thì động từ phải được chia theo chủ ngữ đầu tiên - John, as well as you, is responsible for this act - Tom, with his friends, is in the car [5] : Một danh từ tập hợp ( collective noun ) cần 1 động từ số nhiều khi ta ngụ ý nói tới từng cá nhân tạo nên tập hợp ấy,nhưng động từ vẫn là số ít nếu ta ngụ ý nói chung chung coi cả tập hợp như một đơn vị - The family of this dead soldier is noble - The family go to the movies every Sunday morning Các từ thường gặp như: jury, commitee, crowd, team, group, majoriry Lưu ý trường hợp: The number of + Danh từ số nhiều + động từ số ít A number of + Danh từ số nhiều + động từ số nhiều [6] : Khi chủ ngữ là danh từ có hình thức là số nhiều nhưng nghĩa lại là số ít thì động từ được chia theo số ít - No news is good news - Physics is more difficult than chemistry các danh từ th ường gặp như : news, physics, mathematics, politics, gymnastics, phonetics, measles, mumps, rickets, the United States, the Philippines, billards, dominoes… [7] : Khi chủ ngữ là danh từ chỉ trọng lượng, đo lường, giá tiền thì được coi là số ít, đi theo sau cũng là động từ chia ở số ít - Ten thousand dollars is a big sum of money - Five hundred miles is a long distance [8] : Khi chủ ngữ là đại từ bất định như : everyone, something, nobody,anything, any body, every thing, no one…thì động từ theo sau phải ở số ít - Nobody has opened the door - Is everyone present ? Lưu ý : 1) Khi “ each” theo sau chủ ngữ thì each không còn ảnh hưởng tới động từ nữa Nếu chủ ngữ là danh từ số nhiều thì động từ chia ở số nhiều , chủ ngữ số ít thì động từ số ít - Big cities each have their own special problem 2) Các đại từ both, several, few,many, others đòi hỏi động từ đi theo phải ở hình thức số nhiều - Both were small - Many of her books are in English 3) Một số đại từ bất định như: all, any, some, none, có thể đi với số nhiều hay số ít tùy thuộc vào ngữ nghĩa mà danh từ nó thay thế - All of the money is reserved for emergencies -All of the candidates promise to improve the educational system [9] : Trong câu bắt đầu bằng "THERE" thì động từ phải chia theo danh từ đi sau nó - There stands a pagoda facing the little lake - There were a lot of people at the meeting [10] : Động từ có chủ từ là đại từ quan hệ thì phải hoà hợp cùng ngôi và số với ti ền vị từ của đại từ ấy - He works for the factory which makes cars - The man who is living near my house teaches us English [11]: Một số từ như paints, trousers, pliers, scissors, shears (kéo lớn), tongs (caí kẹp), shoes, glasses, gloves là danh từ số nhiều và cần động từ số nhiều đi cùng Tuy nhiên, khi có từ a pair (of) đi trước các danh từ này đứng làm chủ ngữ thì động từ theo sau là số ít - The scissors are very sharp - A pair of scissors was left on the table [12] : Khi chủ ngữ là một phân số , phần trăm, hay các từ như: half, part, plenty và rest thì động từ phụ thuộc và danh từ bổ ngữ cho giới từ đi theo sau phân số hay phần trăm đó - Sixty percent of his house is painted blue -Half of their relatives live abroad [13]: Khi diễn giải các bài toán đơn giản như cộng trừ nhân chia ta cần lưu ý Khi cộng hay nhân, ta có thê dùng động từ số ít hay số nhiều đều được -Two and two is/ are four -Three times three is/ are nine Nhưng với trừ và chia thì luôn luôn dùng động từ số ít - Nine minus four is five hoặc nine minus four leaves five -Fifteen divided by five is three [14] Khi chủ ngữ là tựa sách tên các tác phẩm nghệ thuật thì động từ luôn chia ở số ít - The Moon and Six Pence is for the Art for Art sake [15] danh từ riêng có hình thức số nhiề được nhìn nhận như một chỉnh thê chỉ tên ngườ, địa điêm, quốc gia, tổ chức, sách báo thì dùng động từ số ít - The United States is in North America BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Exercise 1: Choose the best answer: 1 No news good news A is B are C were 2 Here some accounts that you must check A is B are C were D was 3 A lot of homework me tired A make B makes C have made 4 Not only Mr Pike but also his sons tea A likes B like C has liked 5 Mathematics us with many aspects A helps B help C have helped 6 The United States of about 160 nations A consists B consist C Consisting 7 Coffee contains caffeine, and -A tea does so B so tea does C so does tea 8 Both Tom Mary are students A and B nor C or 9 Plenty of milk consumed everyday A are B is C was 10 Neither you nor I responsible for the bad result A are B is C am 11 Ten thousand dollars a large sum of money A are B is C were 12 I can not speak Spanish – -A So can I B Neither can I C Either can I 13 Both Jane and Mary, as well as John, ready for the exam A is B was C are D has been 14 Working for 12 hours a day her very tired A make B makes C making 15 The number of the days in a week seven A is B was C are D were 16 What he told you to be of no importance A seems B seem C is seeming D have been D are making D liking D helping D have consisted D does tea so D with D were D be D being D Neither can’t I D have made D has seemed 17 The army eliminated this section of the training test A has B have C are D is 18 The quality of these recordings not very good A is B are C have D were 19 Julia her sister are going to the party A Both /and B Neither / nor C Either /or D Not only / but also 20 My wife had never been to Hue, and I A never have B neither have C neither had D neither did 21 Plants and animals in high mountain areas with freezing temperatures, fierce winds, and thin air A live B they must live C living D if they live 22 Tom’ family wondering whether there - anything that they can do A are/ are B is/ is C are/ is D is /are 23 The couple - in Denver but - to Houston for the winters A lives/ go B lives/ goes C live/ go D live/ goes 24 Each nation - its own culture, and our nation has - own culture, too A has/ its B have/ our C have/ its D has/ their @Exercise 2: Choose the underlined word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that needs correcting 1 Although women in this century faces less discrimination than ever before, they still encounter many obstacles that men do not 2 Every one have to plan a program that fits into the day’s schedule and that allows for good exercise and appropriate rest 3 John is the only one of the hikers who have climbed above fifteen thousand feet 4 Current research on AIDS, in spite of the best efforts of hundreds of scientists, leave serious questions unanswered 5 Neither apple pie nor her faded cat posters nor her neglected guppy collection hold the slightest interest for Dorothy any more 6 Today, many scientists disagree over whether the chimpanzee or the bonobo are more human in its behaviour 7 Along with statistics, strategy, and intelligence, logistics are one of the four main elements of military Science @Exercise 3: Choose the incorrect sentence in which the verb disagrees with the subject: 1 A The invoice and the purchase order have to be approved by the director B A sandwich and a milk shake were all he wanted for breakfast C Faith, hope, and charity represent virtues to most of us D Ham and eggs are one of her favorite dishes 2 A Neither has brought the music for the duet B Where has everybody gone? C Every city, town, and hamlet has a Main Street D Every boy and girl in the class do volunteer work 3 A Thirty pounds is a lot to lose in one mouth B Nine miles were the length of the race C Five hours of waiting has reduced the kidnapper to bundle of nerves D Four thousand dollars is the minimum bid for the foreclosed property 4 A Here are the subjects the president will discuss B There are still several oranges in the baskets C Here come troubles D There’s no table or chairs to be found anywhere 5 A Most of the problems have been solved B All is ready C All was concerned D Several have been spotted at the water hole 6 A Not only the students but also the teacher have signed the petition B Not a new machine but new workers are needed for the job C Not only the Arab states but also Venezuela has major oil reserved D Not only strength but agility is essential in bicycling 7 A Both of the players were late B Many books on the best-seller list have little literacy value C Many a prisoner have tried to escape D Few of the contestants are here yet 8 A half of the rent is missing B Two-thirds of her house have been painted C Forty percent is a big commission D Half of the apartments in the building are without heat 9 A John is one of the chemists who believe that science is an art B He is the only one of four candidates who refuse to attend the course C David is one of the employees who always work overtime D His grandfather is the only one of his relatives who still goes to church 10 A Either his book or that one contains the information B Neither the governor nor his top aids were implicated in the scandal C The records or the stereo has to go D Neither my roommate nor my sisters plans to move Sưu tầm, chỉnh sửa và bổ sung ĐÁP ÁN Exercise: Choose the best answer: 1 I this film twice (Trong câu chứa những từ chỉ số lần một hành động nào đó xảy ra thường được chia ở hiện tại hoàn thành) A see B saw C will see D have seen 2 After her performance, she invited the audience to ask questions (Động từ đi liền sau các liên từ như after, before, while, when thì được chia ở Ving) A she finishes B finished C finishing D she will finish 3 His father of cancer last year A will die B has died C died D had died 4 The train when we got to the station.(hành động đoàn tàu rời đi đã xảy ra trước hành động chúng tôi đến ga) A just left B just leaves C has just left D had just left 5 As soon as Martina saw the fire, she the fire department.(2 hành động xảy ra trong thời gian ngắn, liên tiếp nhau trong quá khứ) A was telephoning B telephoned C had telephoned D has telephoned 6 Before Jennifer won the lottery, she any kind of contest A hasn’t entered B doesn’t enter C wasn’t entering D hadn’t entered 7 Every time Parkas sees a movie made in India, he homesick A will have left B felt C feels D is feeling 8 Since I left Venezuela six years ago, I to visit friends and family several times A return B will have returned C am returning D have returned 9 Yesterday while I was attending a sales meeting, Mathew on the company annual report (2 hành động xảy ra song song trong quá khứ) A was working B had been working C has worked D works 10 When my parents - for a visit tomorrow, they will see our new baby for the first time (mệnh đề chính ở thì tương lai đơn thì mệnh đề phụ trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian được chia ở thì hiện tại đơn) A will arrive B arrived C arrive D will have arrived 11 The last time I in Athens, the weather was hot and humid A had been B was C am D will have been 12 After the race , the celebration began (Kết hợp giữa thì quá khứ đơn và quá khứ hoàn thành Hành động xảy ra trước chia ở qk hoàn thành, hành động xảy ra sau chia ở qk đơn) A had been won B is won C will be won D has been won 13 Andy out of the restaurant when he Jenny (Một hành động đang xảy ra trong quá khứ thì có một hành động khác xen vào) A came/saw B was coming /saw C came/was seeing D was coming/had seen 14 While he was washing his car, Mr Brown a small dint in the rear fender A has discovered B was discovering C is discovering D discovered Tương tự câu 13 15 Linda has lost her passport again It’s the second time this A has happened B happens C happened D had happened 16 At this time tomorrow, we our final exam (Hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm trong tương lai) A will have taking B will be taken C would take D will be taking 17 The baby Don’t make so much noise A sleep B sleeps C is sleeping D slept 18 Peter said he a test the following day (câu ở thì tương lai đơn ở dạng câu gián tiếp, đổi will -> would) A had had B will have C has had D would have 19 It is not so hot today as it yesterday A is B was C would be D had been 20 a party next Saturday We have sent out the invitation (Một hành động chắc chắn xảy ra trong tương lai, đã có chuẩn bị từ trước.) A we had B we have C we’re having D we have had 21 I’m very tired over four hundred miles to day A I drive B I’ve driven C I’m driving D I’ve been driving 22 I’m busy at the moment on the computer A I work B I’m worked C I’m working D I worked 23 Our friends meet us at the airport tonight A are B are going to C go to D will be to 24 I will tell Anna all the news when her A I’ll see B I’m going to see C I see D I’m seeing 25 Don’t worry, I here to help you A be B will be C am going to be D won’t be 26 When I entered the room, everyone A has been dancing B was dancing C had danced D danced 27 Before the invention of the steamboat, there no way to cross the ocean A has been B could have been C had been D would be 28 He said that he his homework since 7 o’clock A had done B did C has done D was doing 29 Tom said everything ready when the match A will be/starts B would be/started C is/started D will be/started 30 How long able to drive? - Since 1990 A could you B have you been C were you D are you 31 She won't get married until she 25 years old A is B will be C had been D was 32 Look The yard is wet It last night A must rain B couldn’t have rained C must have rained D should have rained 1 All planes before departure A will checked B will have checked C will be checked D will been checked 2 I wanted by the head of the company, but it was impossible A to see B to be seen C seeing D being to see 3 Nancy .at Bob’s house every night this week A has been eaten B has eating C is being eaten D has been eating 4 “Where did you get these old dresses?” “We them in the old truck” A were found B finding C found D have been found 5 “What happened to the old mail carrier?” “He to a new neighbourhood to work.” A has sent B was send C was sent D sent 6 “The longest fish in the contest was eighteen inches long.” “It by Peter.” A was catching B caught C was caught D catch 7 “I heard you decided to take up tennis.” “Yes, I have every day.” A been played B been playing C playing D play 8 “ Are we about to have dinner?” “Yes, it in the dining room.” A is serving B serves C is being served D served 9 “Why is Tony in prison?” “He of robbery.” A has been convicted B has been convicting C has convicted D convicted 10 “Where are Jack and Joseph?” “They the boxes you asked for into the house.” A have been bringing B bringing C have been brought D to bring Một số cấu trúc cần chú ý ở phần này: Take care of = look after: trông nom, chăm sóc Cut down: đốn hạ Cut st down to : Cắt st giảm đến Cut down on st: cắt giảm st Cut sb down = to kill sb: giết chết ai đó To make/give/deliver a speech (on st): Phát biểu (về st) To prevent sb/st from Ving = stop sb/st from Ving: Ngăn cản ai đó làm gì/ngăn điều gì đó xảy ra To give up = to get rid of To be married to sb: Kết hôn với sb (không nhầm với “with”) To mistake A for B: Nhầm A với B To convict sb of a crime: tuyên bố sb phạm tội CÁCH NHẬN BIẾT LOẠI TỪ DỰA VÀO VỊ TRÍ Danh từ(nouns): danh thường được đặt ở những vị trí sau 1.Chủ ngữ của câu (thường đứng đầu câu,sau trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian) Ex: Maths is the subject I like best Yesterday Lan went home at midnight 2 Sau tính từ: my, your, our, their, his, her, its, good, beautiful Ex: She is a good teacher His father works in hospital 3 Làm tân ngữ, sau động từ Ex: I like English We are students 4 Sau “enough” Ex: He didn’t have enough money to buy that car 5 Sau các mạo từ a, an, the hoặc các từ this, that, these, those, each, every, both, no, some, any, few, a few, little, a little, (Lưu ý cấu trúc a/an/the + adj + noun) Ex: This book is an interesting book 6 Sau giới từ: in, on, of, with, under, about, at Ex: Thanh is good at literature 7 Đứng trước danh từ đê tạo thành danh từ ghép: Science books, shool girls II Tính từ (adjectives): Tính từ thường đứng ở các vị trí sau 1 Trước danh từ: Adj + N Ex: My Tam is a famous singer 2 Sau động từ liên kết: tobe/seem/appear/feel/taste/look/keep/get + adj Ex: She is beautiful Tom seems tired now Chú ý: cấu trúc keep/make + O + adj Ex: He makes me happy 3 Sau “ too”: S + tobe/seem/look + too +adj Ex: He is too short to play basketball 4 Trước “enough”: S + tobe + adj + enough Ex: She is tall enough to play volleyball 5 Trong cấu trúc so that: tobe/seem/look/feel + so + adj + that Ex: The weather was so bad that we decided to stay at home 6 Tính từ còn được dùng dưới các dạng so sánh( lưu ý tính từ dài hay đứng sau more, the most, less, as as) Ex: Meat is more expensive than fish Huyen is the most intelligent student in my class 7 Tính từ trong câu cảm thán: How +adj + S + V What + (a/an) + adj + N III Trạng từ (adverbs): Trạng từ thường đứng ở các vị trí sau 1 Trước động từ thường(nhất là các trạng từ chỉ tàn suất: often, always, usually, seldom ) Ex: They often get up at 6am 2 Giữa trợ động từ và động từ thường Ex: I have recently finished my homework TĐT adv V 3 Sau đông từ tobe/seem/look và trước tính từ: tobe/feel/look + adv + adj Ex: She is very nice Adv adj 4 Sau “too”: V(thường) + too + adv Ex: The teacher speaks too quickly 5 Trước “enough” : V(thường) + adv + enough Ex: The teacher speaks slowly enough for us to understand 6 Trong cấu trúc so that: V(thường) + so + adv + that Ex: Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident 7 Đứng cuối câu Ex: The doctor told me to breathe in slowly 8 Trạng từ cũng thường đứng một mình ở đầu câu,hoặc giữa câu và cách các thành phần khác của câu bằng dấu phẩy(,) Ex: Last summer, I came back my home country My parents had gone to bed when I got home It’s raining hard Tom, however, goes to school Generally, they didn’t do anything IV Động từ (verbs): Vị trí của động từ trong câu rất dễ nhận biết vì nó thường đứng sau chủ ngữ (Nhớ cẩn thận với câu có nhiều mệnh đề) Ex: My family has five people I believe her because she always tells the truth Chú ý: Khi dùng động từ nhớ lưu ý thì của nó đê chia cho đúng CÁCH NHẬN BIẾT TỪ LOẠI DỰA VÀO CẤU TẠO TỪ KHI LÀM BÀI TẬP ĐIỀN TỪ I Danh từ (nouns): danh từ thường kết thúc bằng: -tion/-ation, -ment, -er, -or, -ant, -ing, -age, -ship, -ism, -ity, -ness Ex: distribution, information, development, teacher, actor, accountant, teaching, studying, teenage, friendship, relationship, shoolarship, socialism, ability, sadness, happiness II Tính từ (adjective): Tính từ thường kết thúc bằng: -ful, -less, -ly, -al, -ble, -ive, -ous, -ish, -y, -like, -ic, -ed, -ing Ex: helful, beautiful, useful, homeless, childless, friendly, yearly, daily, national, international, acceptable, impossible, active, passive, attractive, famous, serious, dangerous, childish, selfish, foolish, rainy, cloudy, snowy, sandy, foggy, healthy, sympathy, childlike, specific, scientific, interested, bored, tired, interesting, boring III Trạng từ (adverbs): Trạng từ thường được thành lập bằng cách thêm đuôi “ly” vào tính từ Ex: beautifully, usefully, carefully, strongly, badly Lưu ý: Một số từ có dạng adj, adv đặc biệt Good well fast fast hard hard late late (trễ) Tính từ đuôi “ly” Daily: hàng ngày Early: sớm Elderly: già, lớn tuổi Friendly: thânthiện Likely: có khả năng sẽ xảy ra Costly = đắt đỏ Friendly = thân thiện Lively = sinh động Lonely = lẻ loi Lovely = đáng yêu Manly = nam tính Silly = ngớ ngẩn Ugly = xấu xí Ungainly = vụng về Unruly = ngỗ ngược Unsightly = khó coi Unseemly = không phù hợp Unlikely: không có khả năng xảy ra Monthly: hàng tháng Weekly: hàng tuần Brotherly = như anh em Comely = duyên dáng Costly = đắt đỏ Goodly = có duyên Homely = giản dị Lowly = hèn mọn Masterly = tài giỏi Scholarly = uyên bác Shapely = dáng đẹp Timely = đúng lúc Unseemly = không phù hợp Ghastly = rùng rợn Ghostly = mờ ảo như ma Godly = sùng đạo Chilly: se se lạnh Orderly/ disorderly: ngăn nắp/ lộn xộn Ghostly: giống như ma Heavenly: đẹp đẽ, tuyệt vời (như thiên đường) Hourly: hàng giờ Jolly: vui nhộn Nightly: hằng đêm Oily: nhiều dầu mỡ Quarterly: hàng quý Smelly: bốc mùi khó chịu Comely = duyên dáng Cowardly = hèn nhát Humanly = trong phạm vi của con người Lowly = hèn mọn Unworldly = thanh tao Holy = linh thiêng Miserly = keo kiệt THỨ TỰ CÁC TÍNH TỪ KHI BỔ NGHĨA CHO DANH TỪ 1 Tính từ về màu sắc (color), nguồn gốc (origin), chất liệu (material) và mục đích (purpose) thường theo thứ tự sau: Màu sắc => Nguồn gốc => Chất liệu => Mục đích => Danh từ Vd: A red Spanish leather riding boots 2 Các tính từ khác ví dụ như tính từ chỉ kích cỡ (size), chiều dài (length) và chiều cao (height) …thường đặt trước các tính từ chỉ màu sắc, nguồn gốc, chất liệu và mục đích • a round glass table (NOT a glass round table) (Một chiếc bàn tròn bằng kính) • a big modern brick house (NOT a modern, big brick house) (Một ngôi nhà lớn hiện đại được xây bằng gạch) 3 Những tính từ diễn tả sự phê phán (judgements) hay ý kiến, quan điểm, sự đánh giá (opinion) ví dụ như: lovely, perfect, wonderful, silly…đặt trước các tính từ khác • a lovely small black cat (Một chú mèo đen, nhỏ, đáng yêu) • beautiful big black eyes (Một đôi mắt to, đen, đẹp tuyệt vời) Như vậy, ta có THỨ TỰ TÍNH TỪ - ADJECTIVE ORDER như sau: Number (số lượng) => Opinion => Size => Age => Shape => Color => Origin => Material => Purpose => Noun Bí quyết ghi nhớ: “OpSAShCOMP”, trong đó: Opinion - tính từ chỉ quan điểm, sự đánh giá Ví dụ: beautiful, wonderful, terrible… Size - tính từ chỉ kích cỡ Ví dụ: big, small, long, short, tall… Age - tính từ chỉ độ tuổi Ví dụ : old, young, old, new… Sh – Tính từ chỉ hình dáng Ví dụ : round, square, thin Color - tính từ chỉ màu sắc Ví dụ: orange, yellow, light blue, dark brown … Origin – tính từ chỉ nguồn gốc, xuất xứ Ví dụ: Japanese,American, British,Vietnamese… Material – tính từ chỉ chất liệu Ví dụ: stone, plastic, leather, steel, silk… Purpose – tính từ chỉ mục đích, tác dụng Ví dụ khi sắp xếp cụm danh từ a /leather/ handbag/ black Ta thấy xuất hiện các tính từ: - leather chỉ chất liệu làm bằng da (Material) - black chỉ màu sắc (Color) Vậy theo trật tự OpSAShCOMP cụm danh từ trên sẽ theo vị trí đúng là: a black leather handbag Một ví dụ khác: Japanese/ a/ car/ new/ red / big/ luxurious/ Sau khi xác định chức năng của các tính từ theo cách viết OpSAShCOMP, chúng ta sẽ dễ dàng viết lại trật tự của câu này như sau: a luxurious big new red Japanese car WORD FORM Choose (A, B, C or D) to complete these sentences: 1 My father helps my mother with the housework He proves to be , especially when my mother is sick A support B supporting C supportive D supported 2 You give a _ party in your new house to celebrate moving into it A housekeeping B house guest C housecomingD housewarming 3 Anna made a lot of mistakes because she was A inattentive B unattentive C imattentive D disattentive 4 Your must be typed into 3 copies to hand in for our company A applicants B application C applicating D applying 5 Well, I think that the prices in Dong Thap supermarket are _ A reason B reasonable C reasonably D reasoning 6 This company offered a lot of _ jobs A attractive B attraction C attract D attractively 7 The _ of the moon for the earth causes tides A attract B attracted C attraction D attractive 8 What are the between women’s in old times and women in modern times? A differs B different C difference D differences 9 In the past people believed that women’s _ roles were as mothers and wives A nature B natural C naturism D naturalist 10 Mr Jones is a teacher A devote B devoted C devoting D devotion 11 It is necessary for students to listen to their teacher A attentive B attentively C attention D attend 12 We could call the TV stations and _ the opening of our new store A publicity B publicize C public D publish 13 I like my work because I have the _ to make my own decision A freed B freedom C freely D free 14 Our company believes it is the best _ to handle the account A organizing B organizational C organization D disorganization 15 I felt quite with my day’s work A satisfy B satisfactory C satisfied D satisfaction 16 _ films should be made for school A Educational B Educating C Educated D Educate 17 When I’m tired, I enjoy listening to music It’s A relaxB relaxation C relaxing D relaxed 18 We are in regular _with each other by telephone or letter A communicate B communicative C communication D communicatively 19 He apologized for the he had caused A convenient B inconvenient C convenience D inconvenience 20 After the death of her husband, Marie Curie took up his position at the Sorbonne A tragic B tragedy C tragical D tragically 21 They gave a clear of their intentions A demonstrate B demonstrative C demonstration D demonstrating 22 What makes a computer such a _device? A miracle B miraculous C miraculously D wonder 23 My father has bought me an computer A electricity B electrical C electric D electronic 24 Information technology is very to our lives A useful B useless C use D usefully 25 A computer is a typewriter which allows you to type and print any kind of documents A magically B magical C magic D magician 26 The climb was because of the bad weather A terrified B terrify C terrifying D terrifies 27 Hue is famous for its spots A beauty B beautiful C beautify D beautifully 28 The most _thing about listening to music is that you can relax your mind A enjoyment B enjoyed C enjoying D enjoyable 29 When did the cinema come into _? A exist B existing C existence D existences 30 “The Spy Returns” is a very _film about a wealthy man who visits Italy A exciting B excited C excitement D excite 31 Three films are in for the same contract A compete B competitive C competition D competitor 32 The Amazon is _longer than the Thames A far B farther C farthest D furthest 33 The blue whale is known animals, reaching a length of more than one hundred feet A the large B the largest C the larger D most largest 34 You must place these events in their context A history B historical C historic D historian 35 We need information before we can decide A far B further C farther D farthest 36 _ of fire, many more building were destroyed than the earthquake itself damaged A Consequence B Consequences C Consequently D As a consequence 37 The more a car costs, it goes A the faster B so faster C the fastest D faster 38 The use of pesticides is having a _effect on the groundwater A devastate B devastation C devastated D devastating 39 Because of Lucille’s managerial skills, the family now has an _business A expanse B expand C expanding D expended 40 It was always _ whether the rocket would succeed A undoubted B doubting C doubtful D doubtless 41 The day was so _ that we decided to take a picnic lunch to the beach A clear and warmly B clearly and warmly C clearly and warm D clear and warm 42 The newly discovered ore is being extracted by _ of a huge robotic arm A mean B means C meant D meanings 43 Although most people are _ than I am, they are not a healthy or wise A wealth B wealthy C wealthily D wealthier 44 Health care _ have been rising but so has the quality A cost B costs C costing D costly 45 Whereas the language barrier, in times, was once an obstacle to trade, that is no longer the case A earliest B earlier C early on D early to 46 Don’t leave your clothes _ about on the bedroom floor A lie B lay C lying D laying 47 You’ll have to work very _if you want to finish the project by Friday A hardly B harder C hard D hardest 48 She is _ to understand the matter A enough intelligent B so intelligent C intelligent enough D very intelligent 49 What _! A an exciting story B is an exciting story C a story exciting D the exciting story 50 How _! A the room is dirty B is the room dirty C dirty the room is D the dirty room is 51 The love for books is helpful in _the pupils’ knowledge A developing B development C developed D being developed 52 At school, David was anyone else in his class A cleverer as B as clever than C as clever as D cleverest 53 I pulled the handle I could A so hardly as B as hardly as C so hard as D as hard as 54 Platinum is harder than copper and is almost as pliable _ A gold B than gold C as gold D gold is 55 _, Shirley thought Bill was Carol’s husband but later she realized that he wasn’t A First B At first C Firstly D First of all 56 Sport is sometimes used by governments as a tool of foreign _ A political B policy C politics D politician 57 She got so while watching the game that she began shouting A exciting B excited C excitingly D excitedly 58 He’s left his book at home; he’s always so A forgetting B forgettable C forgetful D forgotten 59 That was a very story about the adventure in the tropical forests A excitement B excited C excitingly D exciting 60 The _ of the request made us all laugh A absurness B absurd C absurdity D A or B 61 The of the company’s president in all matters made for a miserable working environment A contentiousness B contention C contentious D contentiously 62 The job was done , and we were extremely displeased A uncompetence B in competency C incompetence D incompetently 63 It’s a plan, and I believe it should be instituted at once A feasibility B feasible C feasibleness D feasibly 64 He spoke to her, and she began crying immediately A insensitivity B insensitiveness C insensitively D insensitive 65 The bird guarded the young ones _, swooping down on the cat again and again A tenaciously B tenacity C tenacious D teneciousness 66 When the automobile salesman described the car so _, we became very uneasy about buying it A ambiguity B ambiguousness C ambiguous D ambiguously 67 The meeting was , and all left satisfied A harmony B harmoniousness C harmonious D harmonize 68 Since the goal seems , I believe we should begin at once,” Tim argued A achievements B achieve C achievable D achieving 69 Her in the matter was understandable A reluctance B reluctantly C reluctant D A or B 70 _ speaking, his life was a blessing to all A Philosophically B Philosopher C Philosophize D Philosophy 71 Scientists in their opinions of how snow crystals originate A difference B differ C differentiate D different 72 Opera singer Maria Callas was known for her _, powerful voice A intensity B intensify C intense D intensely 73 Writer Ernest Hemingway is known for his language and his lively dialogue A simplification B simple C simplistic D simplicity 74 Many readers will disagree with the selection and the assessments as any guide will inevitably be A subject B subjected C subjective D subjectivism 75 An eccentric is by definition someone whose behavior is _someone who refuses to conform to the accepted norms of his society A abnormal B abnormality C abnormally D abnormalities 76 Students flocked to the new _ where free medical supplies were handed out A dispensary B dispense C dispenser D dispensation 77 The to the message was tacked on at the last moment A appendix B append C appendicitis D appendage 78 The company was _ and made a tremendous amount of money A progress B progressive C progression D progressively 79 The _ account given by the witness convinced the jury of the plaintiff’s right to a settlement A description B describing C descriptive D describe 80 Clarence on the piano, delighting the guests A improvised B improvident C improvidence D, improvisation 81 We drove at five miles an hour because the _ was so poor A visible B visual C view D visibility 82 They praised her for her A dishonest B honestly C honesty D honest 83 Have you got some kind of _ on you? A identification B unidentified C identify D identified 84 They said my illness was Don’t they realize I’m in a lot of pain A imaginary B imagination C imagine D imaginative 85 She was a much less _ student than her sister A industrial B industrious C industrialist D industrialized 86 She’s got a job as the _ of a dress shop A manager B management C managing D manageress 87 If he isn’t Spanish, what is he? A nationality B nationalized C nation D national 88 It was very of you to notice that A observant B observatory C observation D observe 89 He couldn’t give a explanation for his actions A satisfactory B dissatisfied C satisfying D satisfy 90 There is no _ explanation for what happened A scientist B scientific C scientifically D science 91 There is a of carrots because of the bad weather A shortly B shorten C shortage D short 92 Politicians _blame the media if they don’t win the election They’re so predictable A variable B variety C various D invariably 93 This is very ! Can’t you practise your violin somewhere else? A convenient B conveniently C inconvenient D convenience 94 I would like to show you my latest , which I have called “Boats on a Lake” A creativity B creator C create D creation 95 Why does everybody _him all the time? A criticize B critic C criticism D critical 96 They’re going to announce their _ tomorrow A decision B indecisive C decide D decidedness 97 During the festival were hanging from every tree A decorator B decorations C decorative D decorativeness 98 He offered to give me a _ of how the machine worked A demonstrator B demonstration C demonstrate D demonstrative 99 We are _ on other countries for most of our food A dependent B independence C dependable D dependability 100 My new car is more _ than the one I had before A economize B economics C economical D economically ADJECTIVE ORDER – THỨ TỰ TÍNH TỪ Choose the correct order of adj in the following sentences: 1 The woman is wearing a (yellow long/long yellow) dress 2 He is a (tall thin/thin tall) man 3 The company makes (excellent farming/farming excellent) products 4 James recently departed on a (camping long/long camping) trip 5 I love eating (red big/big red) strawberries 6 The (intelligent young/young intelligent) woman did well on the test 7 The ticket costs (ten US/US ten) dollars 8 The scientists have found a (new great/great new) cure for the disease 9 I am going to wear my (big/cotton blue/blue big cotton/big blue cotton) tie 10 Please recyle those (three water empty/three empty water/water empty three) bottles 11 She packed her clothes in a (green flimsy cardboard/flimsy green cardboard/cardboard flimsy green) box 12 Their dog is a (brown big German/big brown German/German big brown) shepherd 13 I am drinking from a (small English tea/tea small English/English small tea) cup 14 My (philosophy old boring/old philosophy boring/boring philosophy old/boring old philosophy) teacher talks for hours! 15 Mike never lets his little brother drive his (sports expensive/expensive sports car 16 She makes (delicious chocolate/chocolate delicious) cookies 17 What are you doing with these (empty glass/glass empty) bottles? 18 It’s a (nice new/new nice) house 19 He was wearing a (dirty old flannel/flannel old dirty/old dirty flannel) shirt 20 Pass me the (plastic big blue/big blue plastic/big plastic blue) cups 21 All the girls fell in love with the (handsome new American/American new handsome/new handsome American) teacher 22 I used to drive (a blue old German/an old German blue/an old blue German) car 23 He recently married a (young beautiful Greek/beautiful young Greek/beautiful Greek young) woman 24 This is a (new Italian wonderful/wonderful Italian new/wonderful new Italian) movie 25 She is a (beautiful slim Brazilian/Brazilian beautiful slim/slim Brazilian beautiful) supermodel Which is the correct order? 1 A an old wooden square table B a square wooden old table C an old square wooden table D a wooden old square table 2 A a red big plastic bag B a big red plastic bag C a plastic big red bag D a big plastic red bag 3 A a beautiful grey sailing boat B a grey beautiful sailing boat C a sailing beautiful grey boat D a grey sailing beautiful boat 4 A a new English exciting band B an English new exciting band C an exciting English new band D an exciting new English band 5 A coulor, material, size, age, shape, naitionality B size, shapte, colour, age, material, nationality C size, age, shape, colour, nationality, material D age, size, shape, color, nationality, material 5 A a small Canadian thin lady B a Canadian small thin lady C a small thin Canadian lady D a thin small Canadian lady 6 A a carving steel new knife B a new steel carving knife C a steel new carving knife D a new carving steel knife 7 A a small Japanese serving bowl B a Japanese small serving bowl C a small serving Japanese bowl D a serving small Japanese bowl Put the words in the correct order: 1 old/yellow/a/British/small/box 2 a/car/fast/Italian/new/red 3 wooden/a/beautiful/table/old 4 is/boring/a/math/old/he/teacher 5 my/teachr/old/maths/smelly 6 new/a/perfect/system 7 black/small/box/Turkish/a/old 8 18th century/an/Scottish/castle 9 man/a/fat/friendly/young 10 a/businessman/horrible/greedy 11 tall/our/headmaster/boring 12 wooden/dark/a/table/long 13 arts/nice/teacher/French/our 14 spoilt/boy/nasty/a/little 15 green-eyed/gorgeous/a/girl ĐÁP ÁN WORD FORM Choose (A, B, C or D) to complete these sentences: 1 My father helps my mother with the housework He proves to be _, especially when my mother is sick A support B supporting C supportive D supported 2 You give a _ party in your new house to celebrate moving into it A housekeeping B house guest C housecomingD housewarming (mừng tân gia) 3 Anna made a lot of mistakes because she was A inattentive (không chú ý, không lưu tâm) B unattentive C imattentive D disattentive 4 Your must be typed into 3 copies to hand in for our company A applicants (ng xin việc) B application (đơn xin) C applicating D applying 5 Well, I think that the prices in Dong Thap supermarket are _ A reason B reasonable C reasonably D reasoning 6 This company offered a lot of _ jobs A attractive B attraction C attract D attractively 7 The _ of the moon for the earth causes tides A attract B attracted C attraction D attractive 8 What are the between women’s in old times and women in modern times? A differs B different C difference D differences 9 In the past people believed that women’s _ roles were as mothers and wives A nature B natural C naturism D naturalist 10 Mr Jones is a teacher A devote B devoted (tận tâm, tận tình) C devoting D devotion 11 It is necessary for students to listen to their teacher A attentive B attentively C attention D attend 12 We could call the TV stations and _ the opening of our new store A publicity B publicize (quảng cáo, đưa ra công khai) C public D publish 13 I like my work because I have the _ to make my own decision A freed B freedom C freely D free 14 Our company believes it is the best _ to handle the account A organizing B organizational C organization D disorganization 15 I felt quite with my day’s work A satisfy B satisfactory C satisfied D satisfaction 16 _ films should be made for school A Educational B Educating C Educated D Educate 17 When I’m tired, I enjoy listening to music It’s A relaxB relaxation C relaxing D relaxed 18 We are in regular _with each other by telephone or letter A communicate B communicative C communication D communicatively 19 He apologized for the he had caused A convenient B inconvenient C convenience D inconvenience 20 After the death of her husband, Marie Curie took up his position at the Sorbonne A tragic B tragedy C tragical D tragically 21 They gave a clear of their intentions A demonstrate B demonstrative C demonstration D demonstrating 22 What makes a computer such a _device? A miracle B miraculous C miraculously D wonder 23 My father has bought me an computer A electricity B electrical C electric D electronic 24 Information technology is very to our lives A useful B useless C use D usefully 25 A computer is a typewriter which allows you to type and print any kind of documents A magically B magical C magic D magician 26 The climb was because of the bad weather A terrified B terrify C terrifying D terrifies 27 Hue is famous for its spots A beauty B beautiful C beautify D beautifully 28 The most _thing about listening to music is that you can relax your mind A enjoyment B enjoyed C enjoying D enjoyable 29 When did the cinema come into _? A exist B existing C existence D existences 30 “The Spy Returns” is a very _film about a wealthy man who visits Italy A exciting B excited C excitement D excite 31 Three films are in for the same contract A compete B competitive C competition D competitor 32 The Amazon is _longer than the Thames A far B farther C farthest D furthest 33 The blue whale is known animals, reaching a length of more than one hundred feet A the large B the largest C the larger D most largest 34 You must place these events in their context A history B historical C historic D historian 35 We need information before we can decide A far B further C farther D farthest 36 _ of fire, many more building were destroyed than the earthquake itself damaged A Consequence B Consequences C Consequently D As a consequence 37 The more a car costs, it goes A the faster B so faster C the fastest D faster 38 The use of pesticides is having a _effect on the groundwater A devastate B devastation C devastated (bị choáng váng, sốc nặng) D devastating 39 Because of Lucille’s managerial skills, the family now has an _business A expanse B expand C expanding D expended 40 It was always _ whether the rocket would succeed A undoubted (chắc chắn) B doubting C doubtful (k chắc chắn) D doubtless 41 The day was so _ that we decided to take a picnic lunch to the beach A clear and warmly B clearly and warmly C clearly and warm D clear and warm 42 The newly discovered ore is being extracted by _ of a huge robotic arm A mean B means C meant D meanings 43 Although most people are _ than I am, they are not a healthy or wise A wealth B wealthy C wealthily D wealthier 44 Health care _ have been rising but so has the quality A cost B costs C costing D costly 45 Whereas the language barrier, in times, was once an obstacle to trade, that is no longer the case A earliest B earlier C early on D early to 46 Don’t leave your clothes _ about on the bedroom floor A lie B lay C lying D laying 47 You’ll have to work very _if you want to finish the project by Friday A hardly B harder C hard D hardest 48 She is _ to understand the matter A enough intelligent B so intelligent C intelligent enough D very intelligent 49 What _! A an exciting story B is an exciting story C a story exciting D the exciting story 50 How _! A the room is dirty B is the room dirty C dirty the room is D the dirty room is 51 The love for books is helpful in _the pupils’ knowledge A developing B development C developed D being developed 52 At school, David was anyone else in his class A cleverer as B as clever than C as clever as D cleverest 53 I pulled the handle I could A so hardly as B as hardly as C so hard as D as hard as 54 Platinum is harder than copper and is almost as pliable (dẻo) _ A gold B than gold C as gold D gold is 55 _, Shirley thought Bill was Carol’s husband but later she realized that he wasn’t A First B At first C Firstly D First of all 56 Sport is sometimes used by governments as a tool of foreign _ A political B policy C politics D politician 57 She got so while watching the game that she began shouting A exciting B excited C excitingly D excitedly 58 He’s left his book at home; he’s always so A forgetting B forgettable C forgetful D forgotten 59 That was a very story about the adventure in the tropical forests A excitement B excited C excitingly D exciting 60 The _ of the request made us all laugh A absurness (tính khó hiểu, sâu sắc) B absurd C absurdity (sự vô lý, ngớ ngẩn) D A or B 61 The of the company’s president in all matters made for a miserable working environment A contentiousness (tính hay sinh sự) B contention (sự bất hoà, cạnh tranh) C contentious D contentiously 62 The job was done , and we were extremely displeased A uncompetence B in competency C incompetence D incompetently 63 It’s a plan, and I believe it should be instituted at once A feasibility B feasible C feasibleness D feasibly 64 He spoke to her, and she began crying immediately A insensitivity B insensitiveness C insensitively D insensitive 65 The bird guarded the young ones _, swooping down on the cat again and again A tenaciously B tenacity C tenacious D teneciousness 66 When the automobile salesman described the car so _, we became very uneasy about buying it A ambiguity B ambiguousness C ambiguous D ambiguously 67 The meeting was , and all left satisfied A harmony B harmoniousness C harmonious D harmonize 68 Since the goal seems , I believe we should begin at once,” Tim argued A achievements B achieve C achievable D achieving 69 Her in the matter was understandable A reluctance B reluctantly C reluctant D A or B 70 _ speaking, his life was a blessing to all A Philosophically B Philosopher C Philosophize D Philosophy 71 Scientists in their opinions of how snow crystals originate A difference B differ C differentiate D different 72 Opera singer Maria Callas was known for her _, powerful voice A intensity B intensify C intense D intensely 73 Writer Ernest Hemingway is known for his language and his lively dialogue A simplification B simple C simplistic D simplicity 74 Many readers will disagree with the selection and the assessments as any guide will inevitably be A subject B subjected C subjective D subjectivism 75 An eccentric is by definition someone whose behavior is _someone who refuses to conform to the accepted norms of his society A abnormal B abnormality C abnormally D abnormalities 76 Students flocked to the new _ where free medical supplies were handed out A dispensary (trạm y tế, nơi phát thuốc) B dispense C dispenser D dispensation 77 The to the message was tacked on at the last moment A appendix B append C appendicitis D appendage (phần thừa, thêm vào) 78 The company was _ and made a tremendous amount of money A progress B progressive C progression D progressively 79 The _ account given by the witness convinced the jury of the plaintiff’s right to a settlement A description B describing C descriptive D describe 80 Clarence on the piano, delighting the guests A improvised (ứng biến, ứng khẩu) B improvident C improvidence D, improvisation 81 We drove at five miles an hour because the _ was so poor A visible B visual C view D visibility 82 They praised her for her A dishonest B honestly C honesty D honest 83 Have you got some kind of _ on you? A identification B unidentified C identify D identified 84 They said my illness was Don’t they realize I’m in a lot of pain A imaginary B imagination C imagine D imaginative 85 She was a much less _ student than her sister A industrial B industrious C industrialist D industrialized 86 She’s got a job as the _ of a dress shop A manager B management C managing D manageress 87 If he isn’t Spanish, what is he? A nationality B nationalized C nation D national 88 It was very of you to notice that A observant (adj) B observatory (n) C observation D observe 89 He couldn’t give a explanation for his actions A satisfactory B dissatisfied C satisfying D satisfy 90 There is no _ explanation for what happened A scientist B scientific C scientifically D science 91 There is a of carrots because of the bad weather A shortly B shorten C shortage D short 92 Politicians _blame the media if they don’t win the election They’re so predictable A variable B variety C various D invariably (hầu như luôn luôn) 93 This is very ! Can’t you practise your violin somewhere else? A convenient B conveniently C inconvenient D convenience 94 I would like to show you my latest , which I have called “Boats on a Lake” A creativity B creator C create D creation 95 Why does everybody _him all the time? A criticize B critic C criticism D critical 96 They’re going to announce their _ tomorrow A decision B indecisive C decide D decidedness 97 During the festival were hanging from every tree A decorator B decorations C decorative D decorativeness 98 He offered to give me a _ of how the machine worked A demonstrator B demonstration C demonstrate D demonstrative 99 We are _ on other countries for most of our food A dependent B independence C dependable D dependability 100 My new car is more _ than the one I had before A economize B economics C economical D economically ADJECTIVE ORDER – THỨ TỰ TÍNH TỪ Choose the correct order of adj in the following sentences: 1 The woman is wearing a (yellow long/long yellow) dress 2 He is a (tall thin/thin tall) man 3 The company makes (excellent farming/farming excellent) products 4 James recently departed on a (camping long/long camping) trip 5 I love eating (red big/big red) strawberries 6 The (intelligent young/young intelligent) woman did well on the test 7 The ticket costs (ten US/US ten) dollars 8 The scientists have found a (new great/great new) cure for the disease 9 I am going to wear my (big cotton blue/blue big cotton/big blue cotton) tie 10 Please recyle those (three water empty/three empty water/water empty three) bottles 11 She packed her clothes in a (green flimsy cardboard/flimsy green cardboard/cardboard flimsy green) box 12 Their dog is a (brown big German/big brown German/German big brown) shepherd 13 I am drinking from a (small English tea/tea small English/English small tea) cup 14 My (philosophy old boring/old philosophy boring/boring philosophy old/boring old philosophy) teacher talks for hours! 15 Mike never lets his little brother drive his (sports expensive/expensive sports) car 16 She makes (delicious chocolate/chocolate delicious) cookies 17 What are you doing with these (empty glass/glass empty) bottles? 18 It’s a (nice new/new nice) house 19 He was wearing a (dirty old flannel/flannel old dirty/old dirty flannel) shirt 20 Pass me the (plastic big blue/big blue plastic/big plastic blue) cups 21 All the girls fell in love with the (handsome new American/American new handsome/new handsome American) teacher 22 I used to drive (a blue old German/an old German blue/an old blue German) car 23 He recently married a (young beautiful Greek/beautiful young Greek/beautiful Greek young) woman 24 This is a (new Italian wonderful/wonderful Italian new/wonderful new Italian) movie 25 She is a (beautiful slim Brazilian/Brazilian beautiful slim/slim Brazilian beautiful) supermodel Which is the correct order? 1 A an old wooden square table B a square wooden old table C an old square wooden table D a wooden old square table 2 A a red big plastic bag B a big red plastic bag C a plastic big red bag D a big plastic red bag 3 A a beautiful grey sailing boat B a grey beautiful sailing boat C a sailing beautiful grey boat D a grey sailing beautiful boat 4 A a new English exciting band B an English new exciting band C an exciting English new band D an exciting new English band 5 A coulor, material, size, age, shape, naitionality B size, shapte, colour, age, material, nationality C size, age, shape, colour, nationality, material D age, size, shape, color, nationality, material 5 A a small Canadian thin lady B a Canadian small thin lady C a small thin Canadian lady D a thin small Canadian lady 6 A a carving steel new knife B a new steel carving knife C a steel new carving knife D a new carving steel knife 7 A a small Japanese serving bowl B a Japanese small serving bowl C a small serving Japanese bowl D a serving small Japanese bowl Put the words in the correct order: 1 old/yellow/a/British/small/box A small old yellow British box 2 a/car/fast/Italian/new/red A fast new red Italian car 3 wooden/a/beautiful/table/old A beautiful old wooden table 4 is/boring/a/math/old/he/teacher He is a boring old math teacher 5 my/teacher/old/math/smelly My smelly old maths teacher 6 new/a/perfect/system A perfect new system 7 black/small/box/Turkish/a/old A small old black Turkish box 8 18th century/an/Scottish/castle An 18 century Scottish castle 9 man/a/fat/friendly/young A friendly fat young man 10 a/businessman/horrible/greedy A horrible greedy businessman 11 tall/our/headmaster/boring Our boring tall headmaster 12 wooden/dark/a/table/long A long dark wooden table 13 arts/nice/teacher/French/our Our nice French arts teacher 14 spoilt/boy/nasty/a/little A nasty spoilt little boy 15 green-eyed/gorgeous/a/girl A gorgeous green-eyed girl ... twofold d competed d think Các quy tắc đánh trọng âm tiếng Anh A Quy tắc chung: Bảng ngữ âm Tiếng Anh Trọng âm không rơi vào âm tiết /ə/ 2.Luôn nhấn trọng âm vào âm tiết có dạng viết sau: - ee... 2: thông thường => thứ theo tân ngữ mệnh đề tường thuật + Ngôi thứ 3: Không đổi Chú ý: Ở câu trực tiếp giữ chức ngữ pháp câu gián tiếp phải Vd câu trực tiếp chủ ngữ chuyển ngơi chức chủ ngữ, ... không theo quy tắc chung theo quy tắc riêng sau: (Có nhiều cách để xác định trọng âm từ Khi làm bài, nên kết hợp quy tắc để tìm đáp án nhất.) Với từ có âm tiết: Quy tắc 1: 1.1 Đa số động từ có