    !"#$ %&'())*%" Li + , K + , Ba 2+ , Ca 2+ , Na + , Mg 2+ , Al 3+ , Zn 2+ , Fe 2+,3+ , Ni 2+ , Sn 2+ , Pb 2+ , H + , Cu 2+ ,Hg 2+ , Ag + , Pt 2+ , Au + . Lúc khẩn bà cần nàng may áo záp sắt nên sang pháp hỏi cửa hàng Á phi âu Hoá trị +#,"-. Li, K, Na, H, Ag. +"-/01 Fe . +#,"-1 Al. +#,"-/ Các KL còn lại. 23#,456#7 Li + , K + , Ba 2+ , Ca 2+ , Na + , Mg 2+ , Al 3+ , Zn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Ni 2+ , Sn 2+ , Pb 2+ , H + , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ , Ag + … Li , K , Ba , Ca , Na , Mg , Al , Zn , Fe , Ni , Sn , Pb , H , Cu , Fe 2+ , Ag … !#89: 2;<=:>:?@A0@B5C  Trung tính: 46#757D<57 E+FG 46#7HD<H Môi trường Axit: I:5H46#7HD:<57 E+JG +#K:<LML6N56#70M6N+6#! Bazơ4>5 I:5574657D:<H E+OG +#K:PQRL D S+   Kim loại 456#757Li + , K + ,Ba 2+ ,Ba 2+ ,Na + . 456#7HT56#7:67C Gốc axit: I:<57_SO 4 2- ,_NO 3 - , _Cl + ,_I - ,HClO 4 , I:<H+ 1 SS+0U /V 0U S W /V 0U S 1 /V 0"S W /V 0S 1 /V C X2 L"Y460 0P / S W 0S 1  / 0S 1 0P"Z LP[R+ 1 SS40S+ / 0S+ / 04S+ / 0%!S+ / Z L< +60+S 1 0+U0%!6 / 0%!6 1 0S 1  / Z  ! " # $ %! &  S / 4Y\ S4]5N#, ^M6D+S 1 M D S 1   D / S4Y:0]5ND+ / S "_0E`+:#a  / 4Y"R0]5N  + W S 1 L0 1V  ]Đặc"S / Loãng"S Fe (dư) tác dụng với HNO 3 tạo ra muối Fe(NO 3 ) 3 sẽ tiếp tục tác dụng với Fe tạo muối Fe(NO 3 ) 2 vậy sản phẩm muối sẽ gồm cả 2 muối Fe(NO 3 ) 2 , Fe(NO 3 ) 3 . '%()*+), / Li, K, Ba, Ca, Na Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Ni, Sn, Pb, H, Cu Hg, Ag, Pt, Au. LS /   DS / b<6L / S  DS / DS / LDS / DS / c:dN#Y:a:?456#7 S / L;9:0Y ^M6D+ / S W M /  S W   D dN D+ / S "_0E`+:#a + / "A0Y ]Đặc" S / C ^0-12/// Y656#75F"#` Tính oxi hoá ion KL Tăng Tính khử KL giảm 345 6  373  %8  9 6  :; 6  <=:  >  6>?@ :,-Aef55g9#N]Y05a6h:?ihh: 6N./5C+ihN"#-:+S 1 h:/0/W6YYS@B5 a0j:CI,"-:?56N C(0'5C PC/)0)k5C C 0kW5C 2C.W0&(5C :,-$+#N#N.)5ihM%!0%! / S 1 "#-:+S 1 d_?h: .0./6YSj:0@B5adN-:lC#l,:mdn-:S+ h:H?[C["#]YH6h]$h: 55:a"9CI,"-:?56N C./5C PC.'5C C 0/5C 2C.&0/5C :,-"+H55ih%!0%! / S 1 0%! 1 S W "#-:+S 1 K:0`h:WWk 56YS / j:C]:7-:@Ah:.W0(/55CI,"-:?56N C101'5C PCW0/k5C CW0'W5C 2CW0k)5C :,-&e:,#N#N(0'5g%!"#go#<h:G01'5ihMp5%! / S 1 0 %! 1 S W dN5q%!C+#N#NihMg*-:+S 1 h:X6YYl p5S / dNS:`r#dn+ / g*.&CI,"-:?X6N C)0k&'6YC PC)0'G/6YC C)0WWk6YC 2C.0)k6YC :,-B#6pYS8As55%! / S 1 `C 5h: .10&/5ihMp5W:aC+HMg*+S 1 K:0`h:(0k/W6YS / @ B5a0:CI,"-:?56N C.'5C PC1/5C CWk5C 2C'W5C :,-C# 0'5ihMp5%!0%!S0%! / S 1 dN#-:+S 1 6#30h:X6YY lp5SdNS / :`rR#dn+ / 6N.&CLK,:0H:#:;6hYihM" ,:mdnYSo@A#N#Nh:&0(/5%!CI,"-:?X6N C/0k6YC PC(0'6YC C.0W6YC 2C.01WW6YC :,-D55gp56#7"##<h:/W0k5ih"9Mp50SdN  / SC+#N#NM"#+ / S W K:`#,"W0Wk6YY S / @B5a0 j:CI,"-:?56N C&0'5C PC.W0G/5C C/.0./5C 2C//0W5C :,-E+#N#N.k0.'5ihMp5%!dN%! 1 S W "#/6Y-:+S 1 /L h:-:ldNW0G)W6YYS@B5a0j:CEq"t56h%! "#ihM6N C1k0/1uC PC'.0'GuC C'W0'GuC 2C1(0/WuC :,-F#55ihMp5%!0%! 1 S W ,:mdn/))56-:+S 1 10/LC  @A#N#Nh:)0.5#6YS@B5adN:67.0W'556#7 ]CI,"-:?56N C.G0)W5C PC.&0/)5C C.k0()5C 2C/)0()5C :,-AGef55%!"#]Y.h:G0(/5ihMp5W:aC+ HM"#-:+ / S W K:0`h:)0'G/6YY S / @B5a0j: dN-:lC]:7:Bv-:lh:5 . 55CI,"-:?5dN5 . 6q6h 6N CG5dN/(5C PCW0/5dN.0(5C CW0Wk5dN.'5C 2C(0'5dN/)5C :,-AA#(0(kW5ihg%!dN%! 1 S W ,:md_?dn())56-:+S 1 6#3C @A<@"#N#Nh:)01.1'6YYS@B5a0j:dN -:MCp5#6:?-:+S 1 6N C)0WG/LC PC)0.(/L C10)WLC 2C)01)WLC :,-A$ef#N#N&0./5ih:,:#<%!S0%! 1 S W dN%! / S 1 :q101'6Y+ / :C H&0./5ih"g*+ / S W K:`ofY:Y S / @B5 a0j:h:6N C/k)56C PC(')56C C'G/56C 2Ck&'56C N66e+Ve :,-A"#YS8As.'5%! / S 1 `0@Ah:i hMp5%!0%!S0%! 1 S W dN%! / S 1 C+#N#NMg*+ / S W K:`h: -:lC46h5"#l6N C/)5C PC1/5C CW)5C 2CWk5C :,-A&+ 0/556#7L"#-:+6h:W0Wk6Y+ / j:CH ihMp5 0/556#7LdN'&0'5#<L < S  "#6h-: +S 1 oh:'0G/6YYS@B5a0j:C]A::?#<56#76N C%! 1 S W C PC%!S C" / S 1 C 2C"SC :,-AB#1G5ihMp5%!0%! 1 S W ,:mdn'W)56-:+S 1 /L6#30 `C :,:@A<@"#N#Nh:X6YYS@B5 a0j:0-:ldN:67/0&/556#7CI,"-:?X6N C/0/W6YC PCW0Wk6YC C101'6YC 2C'0G/6YC :,-AC#6pYS8A:A)0./5#6ihp5%!SdN%! / S 1 `0 @A7#")0.1k5#6S / C+ih:a"9:67"#K.W01/(5p5W :aC+HihW:aNdN#-:+S 1 h:X6YYS@B5 a0j:CI,"-:?X6N C)0/WW6YC PC)0'G/6YC C/0/k(6YC 2C'0k(W6YC :,-AD#6]YS8As(0k5%! < S  `"#5 h:ihYMdN:a"9lC#l,:mdn-:+S 1 h:-:[dN )0GkW6YYS@B5a0j:C]:7-:[h:.k0.(55 C+lg*+6a:`)0'G/6YYj:CEq"t56h:?9"#l 6N C'G0WWuC PC1/0('uC CW)0G/uC 2C(&0/kuC :,-AE#6pYS8s1)0W5ihMp5%! / S 1 dN%!S `"#5Nh:ih:a"9lC+Hl"#+S 1 d_? h:-:[Cw]pdN#-:[H@A#N#Na6h ]p@5./0k5CEq"t56h:?:,::a"#ihM6q6hg*C 1101udN''0GuC PC'.01udN1k0GuC C(/0'udNWG0WuC 2CG(udN/(uC :,-AF+#N#N55%! 1 S W "#-:+S 1 0#Ng6hYS#," g7"dn6hS / d_?fiham#N#N"#n:h:-:+S 1 C PHfY:S<35dN#8,"o"6N11'56j:CI,"-:?56N C1W0k5C PC.10&/5C C/10/5C 2C/)0kk5C :,-$G$__X6YihYSdN+ / :`rR#dn+ / 6NG0(85A s.'0k5ih1#<S0%! 1 S W 06 / S 1 `C @Ah:ih YdNR:`r#dn+ / 6N.(0(xyihYNdN#-:S+ / a:`( 5H?CfY:Xj:dN6h:a"9:67"#A6q6h6N C)0WWk6Yx.'0Wk5C PC.0./6Yx.'5C C.0('k6Yx.(0'k5C 2C/0/W6Yx.(0/5C e,, .PV/V1VWV(V'VG2VkPV&V.)2 V./V.1V.WV.(PV.'V.GPV.kV.&PV/)2C 739 6345 6373HI!<!J K>L4M 6 HNA+#N&0.W5h50L06g*56hd_?-:+6h: G0kW6YYM:C/0(W5:a"9ldN-:[Cz{:g\:a"9l0:]:7:Bv -:[h:6h56N C1.0W(5CPC110&&5C C.&0)/(5C2C('015C HN$#.(5ih15R:A:0gv:5,:md_?dn-:+6.0/L oh:.k0()W55CfY:-:+63;6N C)0k6YPC)0)k6YC C)0W6YC2C)0)W6YC HN""k0.5g6dnWk5g%! / S 1 "p:#HN@A]5"# >]:`]YC4Hw:Y506h:a"9h:6N C'.0(5CPC('0.5C C'(0.5C2C(.0'5C V1V N66e+Ve HN&+#N#N#N.)5ihMp5/56#7A"n:+"#3#, g*-:+6h:/0/W6YY+ / :C]:7-:@Ah: 6h56N C.0G.5CPC.G0.5 C.10((5C2C1W0/5C HNB#N#N55ihMp5S 1 dN / S 1 h: 0'5:a "9dN/0/W6YY:C+N56huS 1 "#M6N C'0/(uCPCk0'/uC C()0/uC2C'/0(uC HNC#W0W5ih56#7`5j:o6H,:mdn-: +6h:W0Wk6Y+ / :dN-::A555C56#7dN 6h56N C 5xzdNC PC.k0'5xzdNC C.k0'5xdN4C 2C./0G5xdN4C HNDe:,#N#N.k5%! 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/ S 1 Cl6N8K5]!:A'&0'u%! 1 S W C" a8KMdnga8Klh:8K[05N_.a8K[:`f>:Hh:)0( a:AWu::g#Cr6}g6N C(}/CPCW}1C C1}WC2C/}(C <UFS#N#N5ihMp56S+ 1 dNS+ / h:ih :a"9l:`6h)0G1.5CNqud>6h:?6S+ 1 "#M6NC CWG0(uCPC()0)uC(/0(u2C((0)u +ny@ 6NgN#,"6y/•-:•dn•:a•RA6q6h6N6 / S 1 dNSC edn6S+ 1 /6S+ 1 FO6 / S 1 :` . F.)/}/CGk.))F'(0Wu ednS+ / S+ / FOS:` / Fk)}&k.))Fk.0'u $N56h6 / S 1 dNS"#ihM F)0G1.}.))FG10.u !#.56S+ 1 }5S+ / F€k.0'VG10.€}€'(0WVG10.€ FOu56S+ 1 Fk0(C.))}k0(DG0GF(/0(uFO,, HJ><^3739 6 :,-Aefh:-:+61)u:q6a5-:+6((udng5 -:+6.(uCr6}g6N C/}(C PC1}(C C(}1C 2C(}/C :,-$efh:.))56-:n:5:`p5#6)0(L:q6aX56-: 6/0(LCI,"-:?X6N Ck)0)C PCG(0)C C/(0)C 2C/)0)C :,-" +.)5 S 1  dN#55-:+ / S W  W&0)uh:-:+ / S W Gk0WuCI,"-:?56N C'0'GC PCG01(C C.10'.C 2C/)0)C :,-&efh:.))5-:%!6 1 1)u:q5f%!6 1 C'+ / SdN#g 5-:%!6 1 .)uCI,"-:?g6N C//0/C PCW)0)C C')0)C 2CGG0kC :,-BLihp5SdNS / jf:B:`rdn"#6N.k0/C Nqud>fY::?S / "#ih6N CW(0)uC PCWG0(uC C(/0(uC 2C((0)uC :,-Cq"!/fY:5!dn.fY:"#::g#Mfh:ihY:`r R#dn"#g*.(CM6N C W + .) C PC 1 + k C C W + k C 2C 1 + ' C :,-DL6#Y6::Nq:Y6N+ W dN+ / :`r#dn+!6N.0G/(Cf Y:+ / :`"#/))0)56Y6::`6N C/)0G56C PC.G&0156C CG)0)56C 2C.1)0)56C :,-E5.()56-:4S+/LdN#./)56-:+ 1 ES W .LC46h:,: 5h:"#-:6N C&0(G54 / +ES W xk0kW54+ / ES W C PC  .)0WW  5  4 / +ES W x  ./0G/ 54 1 ES W C C.)0/W54 / +ES W x.10()54+ / ES W C 2C  .10)(  5  4 / +ES W x  .)0') 54 1 ES W C :,-F+/0kW5ih/5S 1 dNLS 1 g*-:+60h: )0'G/6YYj>:BCNqu5#6:?LS 1 "#ih6N V(V N66e+Ve C11011uC PCW(0((uC C(W0W(uC 2C ''0'GuC :,-AGM6N#,dv:":AW(u / SCl6N#,dv!#":AG)uSCq "MdNl!#r66hF5 < }5  fh:8K05N_.a8K:`f> :Hh:)0(ap:aCI,"-:?6N C(}1C PC(}WC CW}(C 2C1}(C :,-AA#N#N.)k5ihMp5 / S 1 dN+S 1 h::a"9l:` 6hg*G(0Wu6h:?MC46h+S 1 :`"#M6N C(W0)5C PC/G0)5C CG/0)5C 2C  1'0) 5C :,-A$e:,#N#N/.0)59"#]Yh:/&0W5ih:,: #<%! / S 1 dN%! 1 S W C46h%! / S 1 7#N6N C./0)5C PC.10(5C C.'0(5C 2C  .k0) 5C Đáp án: .PV/2V12VWV(V'V.G2 kPV&V.)2V V./V.1V.WV.(V.'V.GPV.kV.&2 MỘT SỐ CÂU HỎI VÔ CƠ Câu 1 #:,:L[F 0M[F.G0l[F&dN•[F.&Ce5:?:,:tq !#As. A. •JLJMJlC B. LJMJ•JlC C. lJLJMJ•C D, LJMJlJ•C Câu 2P,Y:?:,: 1 z0 k S0 & %0 h:<H!#Astq_",@6N A. %0z0S0C B. %00S0zC C. z00S0%C D, %0S0z0C Câu 3#:,:4[F.&0[FG0 [F.W0L[F./C23p5:,:h:9<H !#:>@5qg,Y_",@6N A. 40L00 C B. L040 0C C, 40L0 0C D. 0 0L04C Câu 423:,:9<H!#:>tqY5_",@6N A. E00S0%C B, E00%0SC C. 0E0%0SC D. 0E0S0%C Câu 5+h:a"#:`6H#6N A, + W 6C B. +6C C. + 1 C D. + / SC Câu 6:?M:`:ao!6!:"#. / / / / ' 1 / 1 ' W . 0:? l:`:ao !6!:"#. / / / / ( CzH#,{:TMdNl:6#76H. A. :#vC B. 56#7C C. :#,"-C D, #C Câu 7 23p5:,:#MD0lVdN[>:`:ao!6!:"#. / / / / ' 6N A. 4D06V0"C B, D0%V0!C C. D06V0"C D. zD0%V0!C Câu 8L:?M:`$7"##0R"#0!6!:"#6N(/dN:`6N 1(C  :?M6N A, .GC B. .(C C. /1C D. .kC Câu 9:?M:`$7!6!:"#"#:,:6n6NGC 75 :?5 l>R75:?5M6Nk7C,:M dNl6q6h6NgH :?F x6F.1xEF.(x6F.Gx%!F/'. A. 6dNEC B. %!dN6C C, 6dN6C D. dN6C Câu 10"#h:a#MlM6N56#70l6N50!6!:"#:?:#g*!6!:"#:?#dN $!6!:"#"#Ml6N/)CPH"#5{h:a0l:r:`55A:#<`aC]A:Ml6N A, %C B.6C C. LSC D.z%C Câu 11"#s0p:`pd-6N '1 /&  dN '( /&  C"go:?p6N '10(WCNqq"t5$:?pd- '( /&  6N A, G1uC B.(WuC C.()C D, /GuC Câu 12]A::?h:aY7#gj•dN"#6N•+1C"##<5N• :`#,"-:# ao#<:H5GW0)Gud>6hC•6N A. C B. C C, C D. EC Câu 13 :?M:`:ao!6!:"#6n#N:;6N /  W C"#h:aY:? Mdn"#0M:H5&W0./u6hCEq"t56h:?M "##<:#a6N A, W)0))uC B. ()0))uC C. /G0/GuC D. ')0))uC Câu 14 7#+Ydn"#:`•+ 1 C"##<:#a:?•0#<:H5GW0)Gu 6hCM,:-` A, Nitơ PCE]# C 6: 2C! V'V N66e+Ve Câu 15$:?:,::a"#@A%! 1 S W D+S 1 →%!S 1  1 DSD+ / S6N C(( PC/)C C/(C 2C()C Câu 16"#@A1Dk+S 1 →1S 1  / D/SDW+ / SC +S 1 `d":a#<`6N CkC PC'C CWC 2C/C Câu 17#:,:@A S+ / D6 /  → S6 / /+ / D S /  → 1 D/+ / SC /S / D/S+ → S 1 DS / D+ / S W46S 1 D S /  → 1 D/+ / SC S1‚S/DSC @A#<#,6N A. 1C B.(C C. /C D, WC Câu 18$:,:0@:?a:@:,::a"#R"o@AT dn-: +S 1 K:0`6N A. C B, .)C C. kC D. &C Câu 19#R"o#,{:%! 1 S W D+S 1  → %!S 1  1 D < S  D+ / S :g* R"o#,{:"dn:?:,::a6NT0@o :?+S 1 6N A. W(<V.kC B, W'<V.kC C. .1<V&C D. /1<V&C Câu 20"#@A:,%! / 7#"@B5S0%! / S 1 dN S / o5%! / ƒ. A. v.1!6!:"#C B, .1!6!:"#C C../!6!:"#C D. v./!6!:"#C Câu 21#gH:,:@A<@" /%!P"/DP" / ‚/%!P" 1 C /P"D6 / ‚/6DP" / C E,gfw6N A.Y:?6V57R:?P"VC B.Y:?P"V57R:?%! /D C C. Y#<`:?P" / 57R:?6 / C D, Y#<`:?6 / 57R:?%! 1D C Câu 22D3:,::adN#[0 0%!S0 S / 0 / 0+60 /D 06-C :adN#:`:@Y#< `dNY6N A. GC B. WC C, (C D. 'C Câu 23 #3:,::adN#6 / 0% / 0 S / 0 D 0 /D 0%! /D 06 1D 0L /D 0 /V 06 V C :adN#"#3>:` Y#<#,dNY6N A. 1C B. 'C C, WC D. (C Câu 24#:,::adN#[x6 / x%!Sx%! / S 1 x S / x+ / x%! /D x /D x D C 6h:adN#:`f`d ":a6N C&C PCkC CGC 2C'C Câu 25#:,::adN#[x6 / x%!Sx%! / S 1 x S / x%! /D x /D x D C 6h:adN#d_`d":a 0d_`d":a#<`6N C/C PCWC C'C 2CkC Câu 26//0)5ihMp5L0dNN/qg*CEq.,:mHdnS / h: .(0k5ih1#<CEq/,:mdn-:+6h:X6YY+ / :CI,"-:?X6N C'0G/C PC101'C C.10WWC 2Ck0&'C Câu 27/&0k5ihMp5L004dNN/qg*CEq.,:m#N#Ndn -:+S 1 6#3h:.0('k6YY / a:dN-::A<55]:A + W S 1 CEq/,:m#N#Ndn#<h:5ihW#<C a. I,"-:?<6N CG10/)C PC(k01)C C''0&kC 2Ck.0kkC b. I,"-:?6N C/)0(C PC1(0WC C/'0.C 2CW.0)C Câu 282yihMp5)0.5#6 / + / 0)0.5#6 1 + W dN)0.5#6+ / 8:A`h:i hYlp5G:aCe:,#N#Nl:qX6YYS / :h:<5S / dN5+ / SCH:#X 6YYS / :,:mHdnW)5ihLdNoh:5ih:a"9C a. I,"-:?<6N C.10/C PC//0)C C.G0'C 2Ck0kC b. I,"-:?6N CG0/C PC(0WC C&0)C 2C.)0kC c. I,"-:?X6N C.)0)kC PC1.01'C C.(0'kC 2C.10WWC d. I,"-:?6N C'/0WC PC(.0/C C(k0'C 2CG10WC Câu 29WG0.5ihMp5L060[0N/qg*CEq.,:m#N#Ndn -:+S 1 d_?h:G0kW6YYSa:dN-:l:A<55]:A VGV N66e+Ve + W S 1 CH:#l,:mdn-:S+o6hH?6nah:6N5CEq/,:m #N#Ndn-:+6h:X6YY+ / :C a. I,"-:?<6N C )01(C PCW(0/(C C /0/)C 2Ckk0'(C b. I,"-:?6N CWG01(C PCW.0W)C C/&0()C 2C'W0&(C c. I,"-:?X6N C 0G'C PC/10(/C C.10WWC 2C.(0'kC Câu 30#ihMp5)0/5#66dN)0/5#6[,:mdn())56-:lp5S 1  / dN S 1 H@A#N#Nh:Wk0W(5:a"9p5156#7dN-:P:A/5C #,:mdn-:+6h:101'6YY+ / :C#fY:-:]$ a. p5#6}6Y:?S 1  / "#l6N C)0'C PC)0(C C)0WC 2C)01C b. $p5#6}6Y:?5"#-:P6N C)0'C PC)0(C C)0WC 2C)01C c. "#@A%! 1 S W D+ / S W K:→%! /  S W  1 D S / D+ / So+ / S W `d" C6N:a#<`C PC6N:aC C6N:a#<`dN5]"C 2C6N:adN5]"C Câu 31#_:a%!0%!S0%!S+ / 0%! 1 S W 0%! / S 1 0%!S 1  1 0%!S 1  / 0%! S W 0%! /  S W  1 0%!S 1 6q6h @Adn+S 1 K:`C 6h@A:6#7@A#<#,V6NC CkC PC'C C(C 2CGC Câu 32#:,:@A %!SD+S 1K:0` → g%! D+ / S WK:` → :6 / S 1 D+S 1K:0` → D-:%!6 1 → !+ 1 +SD+ / 0 # → |6:#QRDS 1 "#-:+ 1 →  / + W DP" / → 6<!"#6DS+ / → 23p5:,:@A>:6#7@A#<#,V6N C0g0:00!0C PC0g00!0|0C C0g00!0|0C 2C0g0:00!0C Câu 334:#,:mdn:A+ / S W 6#3dNS 1 od":?S 1 "#@A6N C:a<w:,:C PC5]"C C:a#<#,C 2C:aC Câu 34"#@A:,%! / 7#"@B5S0%! / S 1 dN S / o5%! / ƒ C./!C PCv.1!C Cv./!C 2C.1!C Câu 35"#@A%! < S  D+S 1 → / D%!S 1  1 D+ / So5%! < S  ƒ C/„1<!6!:"#C PCv1<„/!6!:"#C C1<„/!6!:"#C 2Cv/„1<!6!:"#C Câu 36"#@A",R:?++So5i++Sƒ C/!C PCv/!C CvW!C 2CW!C Câu 37 #R"o@A6D+S 1 VO6S 1  1 D / D / SD+ / S Hr65#6T / SdN / 6N/1o:g*:`r65#6 6  /#  / 6N C/1W'PCW''&CW'/12C/)/1C Câu 38+A"n:%!6 / x%!6 1 f@A%! < S  D+6 %!6 / D%!6 1 D+ / S:g* :,:6N A.V<x1<V/ B./<V1x/<V/ C.1<Vx/V/< D, 1<V/x/V/< Câu 39`g#@A<@":#:,::a,:mdn %!6 / D0 %!6 / DP" / 0 %!6 / DS+0 %!6 / D / 0 %!6 / D+ / 0 %!S 1  / DS 1 0 %!6 1 D%!0 %!6 1 D0 %!6 1 D+ / 0 %!6 1 DS 1 C A.k B, G C.' D.( Câu 40#ih%!dNdN#+S 1 6#30@A<@"#N#Na:r:A.:a Ca6N… A.%!S 1  1  B.+S 1  C, %!S 1  /  D.S 1  /  Câu 41#5Yg%!dN#+S 1 6#30@A<@"#N#Nh:C4H6vN# 6N]wd>… A.:`f:A#%! 1D 0+ D dNS 1V C B, :`f:A#%! /D 0+ D dNS 1V C C.:`f:A#%! /D dNS 1V C D.:`f:A#%! /D 0%! 1D dNS 1V C Câu 42"#:,::K56#7.L0%!/%!01%!0CK56#7,:mdn -:+S 1 :`f7#"-::A15]f"h7#+ W S 1 6N A.. B, .dN/ C./dN1 D..dN/dN1 Câu 43#ih6dN%!,:mdn-::ApS 1 dNS 1  / h:-: PdN:a"92p5156#7CNq:a"92p5 A, %!0dN B.60%!dNC VkV N66e+Ve C.60%!dNC D.60dNC Câu 44#gH:,:@A<@" /%!P" / DP" /  /%!P" 1 /P"D6 /  /6DP" /  E,gfw6N A, Y#<`:?6 / 57R:?%! 1D  B.Y:?P" „ 57R:?%! /D  C.Y#<#,:?P" / 57R:?6 /  D.Y:?6 V 57R:?P" „ Câu 45L%! /D 6N55a5N-:4LS W j5]"<:#"#%! 1D :#%! 1D ,:mdn  „ :#" / dN%! /D C 9<H:,::a#<`%! 1D 0 / 0LS W „ !#As57tq A. / JLS W „ J%! 1D  B.LS W „ J%! 1D J /  C.%! 1D J / JLS W „  D,  / J%! 1D JLS W „  Câu 46E@AN#4+bI@@A#<#,V A.%!D+ / S W   B./%!SDW+ / S W 0` C.'%!6 / D1P" /   D %! 1 S W DW+ / S W 6#3 Câu 47#_:a%!0%!S0%!S+ / 0%!S+ 1 0%! 1 S W 0%! / S 1 0%!S 1  / 0%!S 1 0%! S W 0%! 06q6h@ Adn+S 1 K:0`C @A:6#7@A#<#,V6N A.' B.( C.k D.G Câu 48#3gH` Li5†6N5R"o@AC"#:,:,,0P002!#As6N:,::aR AC+3:{,,C A.%! 1 S W x%!6 / x%!6 1 x%!S 1  1  P.%!Sx%! /  S W  1 x%! S W x%!S 1  1  C, %! 1 S W x%!S 1  / x%!S 1  1 x%!S+ 1  2.%!Sx%! S W x%! /  S W  1 x%!S+ 1  Câu 49"#:a%! S W 0%! /  S W  1 :aN#@Ah:dn-:40-:4LS W "# 5]"<… A.%! S W dn-:4LS W x%! /  S W  1 dn4C B.%! S W dN%! /  S W  1 >,:mdn4LS W C C.%! S W dN%! /  S W  1 >,:mdn4C D.%! S W dn-:4x%! /  S W  1 dn4LS W C Câu 50#:,::adNih6 / 0 / 0+S 1 0X+ / S W K:00Xih<+6dN 5S 1 C4:#%!mdn:aN#"#:,::a"o7#h::a"#`9:`#,"-C A.0C B.00XC C.00C D.00XC Câu 51##<9%! < S  ,:mdn-:<+ / S W K:0`h:5@B5Y:`f6N5 5a5N:,#pC]A:#,{:N# không thể6N:?6#7#<9`"… A.%! / S 1  B.%! 1 S W  C.%!S D.PdNwC Câu 52L6#78K:A9"#s3h:6#7g\7:aC+#N8KN"#-: <":a:`Y5Ng"0-:h::#,:mdng":6#"a:`H?"9 ]"#<C+3:#gH0Nq#,{::?8K… A.M!"%!S 1  B.L!%! 1 S W C C.+!5%! / S 1  D.E"%! /  Câu 53L6#78K936#77:a"#-:+ / S W 6#3h:5-: d_6N55a5N:Y5d_gC:?8K6N A.E"%! /  B.L!%! 1 S W  C.M!"%!S 1  D.+!5%! / S 1  Câu 54#%!H"#+S 1 6#3N-:C-:Nqg*:#g dN#q.0qC#-:S 1 dN#q/oa:`H?<aCXv-:p5:,: :a A.+S 1 dN%!S 1  1  P.+S 1 0%!S 1  / dN%!S 1  1  C.%!S 1  / dN%!S 1  1  2.+S 1 dN%!S 1  /  Câu 55#:g*`{:/"S W V D/+ D  € " / S G /V D+ / SCg*ƒ:f-:!#:>N# "#"h.6#3dN/5P6 / dN# A..-:x/-: B..4]:f-:x/v C..4]:f-:x/-: D..vx/v Câu 56#@A#,{:"6 1 DS6DS+ →  / "S W D6D+ / S+:g*:? + / S"#@A"6N A.1 B.( C.' D.W Câu 57+h<@":#dN{-:+ / S W dN#-:5 / "S W 6N A.-::`5N:5v5R B.-::f5NdN C.-::`5NdNv5R D -::f5N:5 Câu 584:#-:+6K:0dN#4 / "S W o-::fN A.LNdN B, LN:5 C.4]5N D.LN< V&V N66e+Ve Câu 59a"95N6m:0"#-:+6h:-:C#,:mdnS+dNg"#5 h:-:5NdN0:#-:+ / S W dN#67N5N:5Ca"9`6N A." B."S C." / S D." / S 1  Câu 60+" / S 1 dN#6h-:S+0`5g"#5dN#-:?f@AH dnh:a:?:"#5C @Ah:-:CXv-::`5N A, XN B.2:5 C.MY5 D.4]5N Câu 61E,gfN#không đúng… A.P S W dNP"S W >6NT:a]"#n: B.+ / S W dN+ / "S W >6N<:`Y#<`57 C.%!S+ / dN"S+ / >6NgQRdN6N:a D.6S+ 1 dN"S+ 1 >6N:a6‡YdNd_:`Y#<`d_:`Y Câu 6255Yf4 / " / S G 6hg*7v<dN#505#@.56n::aC z9:5:#fH0h:-:MC5dN{-:4S+dN#-:M h:-:lCLN9::?-:MdNl6q6h6N A.LNdN:dN5N\ B.LNdN:dN5N\:5 C, LN\:5dN5NdN: D.LN\dN5NdN: Câu 63`:,:-:+60+S 1 0S+0S 1 0S 1 Cr;5:aN#fvgH :,:-:"… C PC2-:6 /  S W  1 C2-:P6 / 2C2-:S+ / Câu 64ef,:""\ih:`6y6dN[:`f;-: C+ 1 PC4S+ C+S 1 6#3 2C+ / S W K: Câu 65+ih"9Mp560%! / S 1 dN:`5#6g*C+ihMH"#-: CS+C PC+6C CS 1 C 2C+ 1 C Câu 66HNgY5 VY5.w%!dN#-:%!6 1 x VY5/w%!dN#-: S W x VY51wdN#-:%!6 1 x VY5W#%!H<w:dn"pwdN#-:+6C "h<at 5#,6N C.C PC/C CWC 2C1C Câu 67#:,:-:+60S+K:0+1046C -:@Ah:dnS+ / 6N C.C PC1C C/C 2CWC Câu 68#dN-:+/ SW6#3,:mdn:aM56#7g``{:0a#," Y]5N`"#]YCLK,:0M,:mdn-:S+o:`Y5; #,"CaM6N C"!C PC5#"C C5##C 2C""C Câu 69#Rp:f#,8KpNp %! / →M→l→+:aM0l6q6h6N C / 0 / SC PC / S0SC C 0SC 2C / 0SC Câu 70`W-:5"g6/0[6/0%!610661CH5-:4S+"p 5H-:+1dN#W-:"o:aH?h:6N CWC PC.C C1C 2C/C Câu 71e-::A5#6 S W dNg5#66dn:s:"R0:`5Nt<Cef -:6N5!#66!:f5Npo>:?dNg6NgH# S W /V  ]g-"#-: C/gFC PCgO/C CgJ/C 2CgF/C Câu 72_.a8K!5>:Hh:W/)%!C_.a8K5!P>:Hh:()W %!CXv@"8K"dnr66h5  5 P 6Ng#fh:.a8Kih5N _.a8KihN>:Hh:Wk)%! AC.1 BC/( CC/1 DC1( Câu 73qg#a8K5!:Ak)u%! 1 S W f6h:k))a:`:A(udN7 :aCPH6h%!g-#m@<a6N.u AC./1(0.'a BC.1/(0.'a CC./(10.'a DC.1.'0/(a Câu 74 5k0W%!"#W))56-:+S 1 .LHw:@Ah:-:dNYSC 46h:a:`"#-:6N AC/W0/ BC/G0) CC/10( DC1G0( Câu 752-:<+ / S W :`+FWCp5#6}6:?+ / S W "#-:`6N C/C.) -W LC PC.C.) -W LC C(C.) -( LC 2C/C.) -( LC V.)V DS / 0 # DS / 0 # DM0 # [...]...Tài liệu luyện thi ĐH-CĐ Câu 76 Dung dịch HCl và dung dịch CH3COOH có cùng nồng độ mol/l, pH của hai dung dịch tương ứng là x và y Quan hệ giữa x và y là (giả thi t, cứ 100 phân tử CH3COOH thi có 1 phân tử điện li) A y = 2x B y = x + 2 C y = x - 2 D y = 100x Câu 77Cho dung dịch X chứa hỗn hợp gồm... Trộn 5,6 gam bột sắt với 2,4 gam bột lưu huỳnh rồi nung nóng (trong điều kiện không có không khí), thu được hỗn hợp rắn M Cho M tác dụng với lượng dư dung dịch HCl, giải phóng hỗn hợp khí X Để đốt cháy hoàn toàn X cần vừa đủ V lít khí O2 (đktc) Giá trị của V là A, 2,80 B 3,08 C 3,36 D 4,48 - 11 - Tài liệu luyện thi ĐH-CĐ Câu 95 Cho 13,44 lít khí clo (ở đktc) đi qua 2,5 lít dung dịch KOH ở... pH giảm Vậy dung dịch X và dung dịch Y nào sau đây đúng: A (X) KBr, (Y) Na2SO4 B (X) AgNO3, (Y) BaCl2 C (X) BaCl2, (Y) CuSO4 D (X) NaCl, (Y) HCl Câu 91 Nung 6,58 gam Cu(NO3)2 trong bình kín không chứa không khí, sau một thời gian thu được 4,96 gam chất rắn và hỗn hợp khí X Hấp thụ hoàn toàn X vào nước để được 300 ml dung dịch Y Dung dịch Y có pH bằng A 3 B 2 C 1 D 4 Câu 92 Nhiệt phân hoàn... dung dịch muối trung hoà có nồng độ 27,21% Kim loại M là A Fe B Mg C Zn D Cu Câu 85Khi điện phân dung dịch KI có lẫn hồ tinh bột, hiện tượng quan sát được sau thời gian điện phân là: A Dung dịch không màu B Dung dịch chuyển sang màu hồng C Dung dịch chuyển sang màu xanh D Dung dịch chuyển sang màu tím Câu 86 Cho 4 dung dịch muối : CuSO4 , ZnCl2 , NaCl , KNO3 Khi điện phân 4 dung dịch trên với... H2SO4 C Khử lưu huỳnh D Phân huỷ H2O Câu 88 Điện phân dung dịch chứa H2SO4 trong một thời gian ngắn pH của dung dịch biến đổi như thế nào trong quá trìng điện phân ? A Giảm mạnh B Tăng nhẹ C Gần như không đổi D Tăng mạnh Câu 89 Điện phân dung dịch H2SO4 (BĐP có điện cực trơ) sau một thời gian thấy pH dung dịch giảm dần so với trước điện phân, đó là do: A Sự điện phân đã tạo ra thêm một lượng axit... sắt trong bình chứa 3,36 lit khí clo (đktc), sau khi phản ứng kết thúc cho nước vào bình lắc kỹ thấy chất rắn tan hoàn toàn Thêm tiếp dd NaOH dư vào thu được chất kết tủa, tách kết tủa để ngoài không khí nhận thấy khối lượng kết tủa tăng thêm 1,02 gam Tính m? A.10,08 g B.2,8 g C.4,2 g D.6,72 g CO2, SO2, P2O5 td dung dịch kiềm Nước cứng 2Câu 33 Một mẫu nước cứng chứa các ion: Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3... Na2CO3 Câu 34 Hai chất được dùng để làm mềm nước cứng vĩnh cửu là A Na2CO3 và HCl B NaCl và Ca(OH)2 C Na2CO3 và Ca(OH)2 D Na2CO3 và Na3PO4 Câu 98 Nung 13,4 gam hỗn hợp 2 muối cacbonat của 2 kim loại hóa trị 2, thu được 6,8 gam chất rắn và khí X Lượng khí X sinh ra cho hấp thụ vào 75 ml dung dịch NaOH 1M, khối lượng muối khan thu được sau phản ứng là A 6,5 gam B 5,8 gam C 6,3 gam D 4,2 gam Câu... K2HPO4, KH2PO4 C H3PO4, KH2PO4 D K3PO4, KOH Câu 104 Cho từ từ dung dịch chứa a mol HCl vào dung dịch chứa b mol Na2CO3 đồng thời khuấy đều, thu được V lít khí (ở đktc) và dung dịch X Khi cho dư nước vôi trong vào dung dịch X thấy có xuất hiện kết tủa Biểu thức liên hệ giữa V với a, b là: A V = 11,2(a - b) B V = 22,4(a - b) C V = 22,4(a + b) D V = 11,2(a + b) Câu 105 Dung dịch X chứa hỗn hợp gồm... 106 Cho 1,9 gam hỗn hợp muối cacbonat và hiđrocacbonat của kim loại kiềm M tác dụng hết với dung dịch HCl (dư), sinh ra 0,448 lít khí (ở đktc) Kim loại M là A Li B Rb C Na D K - 12 - Tài liệu luyện thi ĐH-CĐ Câu 107 Nhiệt phân hoàn toàn 40 gam một loại quặng đôlômit có lẫn tạp chất trơ sinh ra 8,96 lít khí CO2(đktc) Thành phần phần trăm về khối lượng của CaCO3.MgCO3 trong loại quặng nêu trên . án: .PV/2V12VWV(V'V.G2 kPV&V.)2V V./V.1V.WV.(V.'V.GPV.kV.&2 MỘT SỐ CÂU HỎI VÔ CƠ Câu 1 #:,:L[F 0M[F.G0l[F&dN•[F.&Ce5:?:,:tq !#As S W K:0`h:5@B5Y:`f6N5 5a5N:,#pC]A:#,{:N# không thể6N:?6#7#<9`"… A.%! / S 1  B.%! 1 S W  C.%!S D.PdNwC Câu. @Ah:-:CXv-::`5N A, XN B.2:5 C.MY5 D.4]5N Câu 61E,gfN#không đúng… A.P S W dNP"S W >6NT:a]"#n: B.+ / S W dN+ / "S W >6N<:`Y#<`57 C.%!S+ / dN"S+ / >6NgQRdN6N:a D.6S+ 1 dN"S+ 1 >6N:a6‡YdNd_:`Y#<`d_:`Y Câu