VIETNAM-GERMANY SEMINAR October 17 th 2006 at the University of Transport and Communications (UTC) – Hanoi PROCEEDINGS SUMMARY NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN BRIDGE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN Hanoi - 2006 Ban tổ chức TS. Trần Đắc Sử - Hiệu trưởng Trường Đại học GTVT GS. TS. Nguyễn Viết Trung - Đại học GTVT PGS. TS. Trần Đức Nhiệm - Đại học GTVT PGS. TS. Hoàng Hà - Đại học GTVT TS. Thái Hà Phi - Đại học GTVT TS. Lê Hải Hà - Đại học GTVT TS.Nguyễn Duy Tiến - Đại học GTVT Ban thư ký Vũ Bích Huệ Hồ Xuân Nam Nguyễn Việt Quân Nguyễn Hữu Thuấn Chu Văn An Ngô Văn Minh Địa chỉ liên hệ Bộ môn Cầu Hầm – Khoa Công trình P. 203 – A6 - Đại học GTVT Láng Thượng - Đống Đa – Hà Nội Điện thoại: +84-4-7668029 E-mail: bomoncauham@uct.edu.vn Website: http://cauham.uct.edu.vn Organizing Board Dr. Dac Su Tran - Rector of the UTC Prof.Dr. Viet Trung Nguyen - UTC Prof. Dr. Duc Nhiem Tran - UTC Prof. Dr. Ha Hoang - UTC Dr. Ha Phi Thai - UTC Dr. Hai Ha Le - UTC Dr. –Ing. Duy Tien Nguyen - UTC Secretariat Bich Hue Vu Xuan Nam Ho Viet Quan Nguyen Huu Thuan Nguyen Van An Chu Van Minh Ngo Contact Address Section of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Suite 203 – A6 - University of Transport and Communications Lang Thuong – Dong Da - Hanoi Tel.: +84-4-7668029 E-mail: bomoncauham@uct.edu.vn Website: http://cauham.uct.edu.vn Lời giới thiệu Trong những năm qua, kể từ đầu những năm 1990 trở lại đây, lĩnh vực xây dựng cơ sở hạ tầng GTVT nói chung và xây dựng cầu nói riêng ở Việt Nam đã có những bước phát triển mới, mạnh mẽ và đạt được những thành tựu quan trọng. Nhiều tiến bộ về khoa học, kỹ thuật và công nghệ đã được áp dụng, góp phần tạo nên những công trình chất l ượng, hiện đại ngang tầm khu vực và quốc tế. Các dạng kết cấu - công nghệ móng sâu, kết cấu và công nghệ cầu bê tông dự ứng lực nhịp lớn, cầu dây xiên, cầu treo dây võng, cầu Extradosed, cầu dàn thép thế hệ mới đang ngày càng được áp dụng rộng rãi ở khắp các vùng miền. Cùng với việc ứng dụng các kết cấu và công nghệ mới, việc tính toán thiết kế kết cấu công trình cầ u cũng có nhiều thay đổi theo hướng hiện đại, hoàn thiện và hội nhập. Bằng việc nghiên cứu ứng dụng và chính thức ban hành bộ tiêu chuẩn thiết kế cầu mới (22TCN- 272-01 và 22TCN-272-05), những người làm cầu Việt Nam có cơ hội được vận dụng những thành tựu mới, tiên tiến trong việc nghiên cứu ứng xử của kết cấu cầu dưới tác dụng các loại tải trọng, các chuẩn m ực về rủi ro (sự cố) và độ an toàn theo phương pháp trạng thái giới hạn với các hệ số độ tin cậy riêng - cở sở để xây dựng các bộ tiêu chuẩn tiên tiến nhất hiện nay như Eurocode (tiêu chuẩn châu Âu), AASHTO LRFD, DIN (tiêu chuẩn của CHLB Đức), BS5400 (tiêu chuẩn thiết kế cầu của Vương quốc Anh), Hội thảo khoa học Việt - Đức lần này được tổ chức với sự hỗ trợ của DAAD (Cơ quan trao đổi hàn lâm Đức) nhằm tập trung giới thiệu những kết quả nghiên cứu về những vấn đề liên quan đến tính toán thiết kế cầu theo các tiêu chuẩn thiết kế mới của các nhà khoa học đến từ các Trường đại học của CHLB Đức, Nhật Bản và các nhà khoa học ở các Trường đại học, các Viện Khoa học Công nghệ và Hội Khoa học Kỹ thuật Cầu đường Việt Nam. Ban tổ chức xin chân thành cảm ơn các đơn vị và các nhà khoa học đã tham gia và có bài viết cho Hội thảo khoa học Việt - Đức lần này. Do hạn chế về thời gian, việc biên tập và in ấn các nội dung bài viết không thể tránh khỏi những thiếu sót. Mọi góp ý xin gửi về Ban tổ chức hội thảo. Hà Nội, tháng 10 năm 2006 T/M BAN TỔ CHỨC PGS. TS. Trần Đức Nhiệm Đại họ c Giao thông Vận tải Foreword In recent years, especially from the 1990s, the transport infrastructure engineering in general and bridge engineering in particular in Vietnam have seen new, strong developments and have attained important achievements. Many advances in science, engineering and technology have been applied, making contributions to high-quality, modern works reaching the regional and world class. Such types of structure and technology as deep foundations, long-span prestressed concrete bridges, cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges, Extradosed bridges, steel bridges of modern generation, are widely applied day by day in all regions of the country. Along with the application of new structures and technologies, the analysis and design of bridge structures also have many changes towards modernity, completeness and integration. Through applied research and the official release of new Bridge Design Specifications (22TCN-272-01 and 22TCN-272-05), Vietnamese bridge engineers have the chance to apply new and advanced achievements in studying the behavior of bridge structures under different loadings with the standards of risk and reliability according to the Method of Limit States with partial reliability factor - fundamentals for current most advanced Specifications such as: Eurocode, AASHTO LRFD, DIN, BS5400, The Vietnam-Germany seminar this time is organized with the support of DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service) in order to introduce new research results regarding the analysis and design of bridges according to new Design Specifications, by scientists from German and Japanese universities, from Vietnamese universities, Institutes for Science and Technology and Vietnam Bridge & Road Association. We would like hereby to express sincere thanks to institutions and scientists who have made valuable contributions to the Vietnam-Germany seminar this time. Due to lack of time, errors in the editing and printing work of the papers are inevitable, please feel free to contact the Organizing Board for any suggestion and/or comment. Hanoi, in October 2006 On behalf of the Organizing Board Prof. Dr. Duc Nhiem Tran University of Transport and Communications Hội thảo khoa học Việt - Đức “Những vấn đề mới trong tính toán thiết kế cầu“ Vietnam - Germany Seminar „New Developments in Bridge Analysis and Design“ 1 MẤY VẤN ĐỀ CHUNG KHI THIẾT KẾ THEO TIÊU CHUẨN THIẾT KẾ CẦU 22TCN-272-05 SOME GENERAL ISSUES IN APPLICATION OF THE 22 TCN-272-05 BRIDGE DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS Prof. Dr. Xuan Lam Dao Vietnam Bridge and Road Association Abstract: The 22 TCN-272-05 Bridge Design Specifications have been published for five years. In the process of application there are some issues on design philosophy need further explain, some general provisions must be readjusted and the “Open character” of the Specifications should be comprehensively understood. These are main contents of the paper. DESIGN OF CONCRETE BRIDGES ACCORDING TO EUROCODE AND DIN - ACTIONS AND SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE - Prof. Dr Ing. Carl-Alexander Graubner Dr Ing. Holger Schmidt Dipl Ing. Andreas Greck Institute for Concrete Structures Darmstadt University of Technology Abstract: Concerning the analysis and the design of concrete bridges in Europe, new standards have to be regarded at national and international level. The European standard DIN V ENV 1991 with parts 1 and 3 (EC 1 part 1 and part 3) includes regulations regarding the safety concept and the design of actions on bridges. In addition to DIN V ENV 1992 part 1 (EC 2 part 1), which is already established for building constructions, the standard DIN V ENV 1992 part 2 (EC 2 part 2) is available concerning the specifics of bridge constructions. This paper focuses on the actions that have to be applied on road bridges according to national and international standards as well as on special checks in the serviceability limit state, regarding the regulations according to the technical report DIN FB 102. VỀ CẬP NHẬT MỘT VÀI NỘI DUNG TIÊU CHUẨN 22 TCN-272-05 LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN TÍNH TOÁN ĐỘNG ĐẤT ĐỐI VỚI CÔNG TRÌNH CẦU ABOUT UPDATING SOME CONTENTS IN BRIDGE DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS 22 TCN-272-05 CONCERNING THE SEISMIC DESIGN FOR BRIDGES Prof. Dr. Viet Trung Nguyen Section of Urban Transport Works University of Transport and Communications Abstract: This paper presents some new developments regarding the seismic design in Vietnam and also brings out suggestions to apply these developments in updating some contents dealing with the earth-quake design in the Bridge Design Specifications 22 TCN-272-05 Hội thảo khoa học Việt - Đức “Những vấn đề mới trong tính toán thiết kế cầu“ Vietnam - Germany Seminar „New Developments in Bridge Analysis and Design“ 2 MỘT SỐ VẤN ĐỀ TRONG THIẾT KẾ MỐ CẦU THEO TIÊU CHUẨN THIẾT KẾ CẦU 22 TCN - 272 - 05 ON SOME ISSUES REGARDING SUBSTRUCTURE DESIGN IN BRIDGE DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS 22 TCN-272-05 Prof. Dr. Minh Nghia Nguyen MSc. Cam Nhung Nguyen Section of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering University of Transport and Communications Abstract: This paper presents the method of calculating earth pressure on bridge abutment complying with bridge design specifications from several countries and 22 TCN-272-05 of Vietnam. The integral abutments and mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) abutments are also discussed in terms of detailing, structural analysis and their applications. PHÂN TÍCH TÍNH NĂNG VÀ ỨNG DỤNG BÊ TÔNG TÍNH NĂNG CAO VÀO CÁC CẦU LỚN Ở ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE IN LONG-SPAN BRIDGES IN MEKONG DELTA Prof. Dr. Duy Huu Pham Institute for Science and Technology in Transport Construction University of Transport and Communications Abstract: This paper deals with the analysis of compressive strength, Cloride ion impermeability, financial cost and the structure solutions for application of high-performance concrete in long-span bridges in Mekong delta. CALCULATING TRANSVERSE VIBRATION OF BEAM BRIDGES UNDER THE ACTION OF SOME MOVING BODIES IN VIETNAM Prof. Dr. Van Khang Nguyen Minh Phuong Nguyen Hanoi University of Technology Prof. Dr. Ha Hoang University of Transport and Communications Abstract: In the present paper the method of substructures is used to derive transverse vibration equations of continuous beam on intermediate hard and elastic supports under the action of moving bodies. An algorithm for calculating the solutions of vibration equations of continuous beam is represented. From this algorithm, a computer program is created using C ++ language. This computer program has been used in order to calculate transverse vibration of some beam bridges, which are built in Vietnam. DESIGN OF CONCRETE BRIDGES IN ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE ACCORDING TO DIN-SPECIFICATIONS Prof. Dr. –Ing. habil. Nguyen Viet Tue MEng. Duc Tung Nguyen Institute for Structural Concrete and Building Materials University of Leipzig Abstract: For the design of structure, a set of performance criteria and stability that must be met when the structure is in ultimate limit state. If the ultimate limit state is reached, the structure will fail. This can be caused by loss of global equilibrium, by reaching critical strain conditions at the most stressed cross section, by failure of stability as well as fatigue of the materials. In this paper we present briefly an overview of the calculation models in ultimate limit state adopted by DIN-Specifications for design of bridges in Germany. Hội thảo khoa học Việt - Đức “Những vấn đề mới trong tính toán thiết kế cầu“ Vietnam - Germany Seminar „New Developments in Bridge Analysis and Design“ 3 PHÂN TÍCH MÔ HÌNH BÀI TOÁN ĐIỀU CHỈNH NỘI LỰC TRONG CẦU TREO DÂY VĂNG ANALYSING MODEL OF INTERNAL FORCE ADJUSTMENT IN CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE Prof. Dr. Dac Chinh Le MSc. Trong Nghia Nguyen Section of Informatics in Civil Engineering University of Transport and Communications Abstract: This article concentrates on analysing model of internal force adjustment in cable-stayed bridge, which is constructed by free cantilever method (FCM). An illustration proceduced by using RM2000 program is also given. NGHIÊN CỨU TĂNG CƯỜNG KHẢ NĂNG CHỊU LỰC CỦA CẦU BÊ TÔNG DỰ ỨNG LỰC KHU VỰC ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP DỰ ỨNG LỰC NGOÀI RESEARCH ON STRENGTHENING OF THE RESISTANT CAPABILITY OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGES IN CUULONG RIVER DELTA BY EXTERNAL PRESTRESSING METHOD Dr. Ngoc Long Nguyen MSc. The Truyen Tran Eng. Van Hau Nguyen Section of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering University of Transport and Communications Abstract: This paper presents the situation of prestress concrete bridges being exploited in Cuu long river delta region, mesures to strengthen resistant capability by solution of using external prestressing method, corresponding computing models, some applications in practice with a number of bridges in 60 national highway in Bentre province. Learning conclusions about the feasibility of the application of external prestress method to strenthen the resistant capability of the entire system of prestress bridges in this region, the proposed petitions to deploy this application with the best efficiency. XỬ LÝ CẤU TẠO TRỤ CẦU BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP SƠ ĐỒ HỆ THANH DETAILING BRIDGE PIERS USING STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS Dr. -Ing. Duc Thanh Nguyen Eng. Viet Hai Do Faculty of Bridge and Road Engineering Danang University of Technology Abstract: The paper shows some main results of a research on working behaviour of some reinforced concrete piers and application of strut-and-tie models for their design. An example on detailing piers of the Thuan Phuoc approach bridge done according to the specifications 22TCN -272-05 is given to illustrate this new design method. Hội thảo khoa học Việt - Đức “Những vấn đề mới trong tính toán thiết kế cầu“ Vietnam - Germany Seminar „New Developments in Bridge Analysis and Design“ 4 MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF THUAN-PHUOC SUSPENSION BRIDGE IN CONSTRUCTION STAGES USING MIDAS/CIVIL Dr Ing. Dang Quang Ngo Section of Structural Engineering University of Transport and Communications Dr Ing. Duc Thanh Nguyen Faculty of Bridge and Road Engineering Danang University of Technology MEng. Ngoc Linh Tran Section of Informatics in Civil Engineering University of Transport and Communications Abstract: In the family of bridge structures, suspension bridges can be distinguished by their ability to overcome large spans. They are also one of the most beautiful bridge structure types. However, because of their structural characteristics, the analysis of suspension bridges, especially in the construction stages, is always a big challenge for the engineers. This paper outlines some characteristics in the modeling and analysis of suspension bridge structure in the construction stage. It also gives an overview of theories and software applying for analysis of suspension bridge structure in practice. As an example, the paper presents the analysis process of Thuan-Phuoc suspension bridge, the currently biggest suspension bridge in Vietnam using the program MIDAS/Civil. VỀ BỀ RỘNG CÓ HIỆU CỦA BẢN BÊTÔNG TRONG CẦU DẦM LIÊN HỢP THÉP – BÊTÔNG CỐT THÉP TRONG MỘT SỐ TIÊU CHUẨN THIẾT KẾ HIỆN HÀNH PROVISION OF EFFECTIVE FLANGE WIDTH FOR STEEL-CONCRETE COMPOSITE BRIDGE BEAMS IN CURRENT DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS Prof. Dr. Duc Nhiem Tran Eng. Manh Hai Nguyen Section of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering University of Transport and Communications Abstract: In the analysis and design of steel-concrete composite girders of a bridge, deflections, stresses, and strengths are typically obtained from elementary beam bending theory by utilizing the effective flange width concept. Besides the exact numerical valuas that can be given by numerical analysis of a bridge, it is necessary that code provisions should provide simplified practical method of evaluation of effective flange width without significant loss of accuracy. So each code implements different ideas and approaches for specifying effective flange width. Comparing them highlights distinct philosophies underlying the various effective width code formulations, which is the main objective of this paper. In this paper, the effective flange width provisions in the Vietnam, US, Britain, Canada, Japan and European Committee are presented and compared. Characteristics of each provision are briefly described and summarized. Numerical comparisions for simply- supported spans and negative moment regions of continuous spans follow. Hội thảo khoa học Việt - Đức “Những vấn đề mới trong tính toán thiết kế cầu“ Vietnam - Germany Seminar „New Developments in Bridge Analysis and Design“ 5 TỔNG QUAN VỀ CÁC ĐẶC ĐIỂM CỦA CẦU EXTRADOSED GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTRADOSED BRIDGES Dr. –Ing. Duy Tien Nguyen Eng. Viet Quan Nguyen Section of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering University of Transport and Communications Abstract: Extradosed bridge has a relatively short history of development as compared with other modern long-span bridges like arch bridge, cable-stayed or suspension bridges. However this type of bridge has been developed and introduced in many countries in the world, from Europe, Japan, the United States to many Asian countries and Vietnam. Especially in Japan Extradosed bridge has been researched and developed for many types of structure and materials. This report summarizes the history of development of Extradosed bridge in the world, basic features and study results of some structural parameters. It is the hope of the authors that Extradosed bridge be further researched and developed in Vietnam and in the world to become a suitable option for long-span structures, especially in a restricted space and in the current economic situation in Vietnam. PHÂN TÍCH VÙNG CHỊU LỰC CỤC BỘ TRONG KẾT CẤU CẦU BÊ TÔNG CỐT THÉP BẰNG MÔ HÌNH HỆ THANH ANALYSIS OF D-REGION IN CONCRETE BRIDGES USING STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS Dr. –Ing. Duy Tien Nguyen Section of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering University of Transport and Communications MEng. Ngoc Linh Tran Section of Informatics in Civil Engineering University of Transport and Communications Abstract: STM (Strut-and-Tie Model or Stabwerkmodell) is a suitable model for analysis and design of D-regions in concrete structures in which the flows of force in the structure are modelled through a truss analogy. This report summarizes basic theory, the verification of STM according to the Bridge Design Specifications 22 TCN-272-05 and some research results in application of STM in dimensioning and detailing of D-regions in concrete bridges. It is the hope of the authors that STM be familiar to Vietnamese students and engineers in dealing with D-regions in concrete bridges. Hội thảo khoa học Việt - Đức “Những vấn đề mới trong tính toán thiết kế cầu“ Vietnam - Germany Seminar „New Developments in Bridge Analysis and Design“ 6 XÉT ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA TẢI TRỌNG CHẤT THÊM ĐẾN TẦN SỐ DAO ĐỘNG RIÊNG CỦA KẾT CẤU NHỊP CẦU INFLUENCE OF ADDED MASS TO BRIDGE VIBRATION FREQUENCIES MSc. Viet Hung Vu Prof. Dr. Duc Nhiem Tran Section of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering University of Transport and Communications Abstract: Vibration of bridges structures remains an interesting subject for researchers and engineers of everytime. This paper presents a fundmental study in vibration of bridges structures. This is the influence of added mass in bridge to its natural frequencies of vibration. A brief review bridges vibration will be presented and some applicated cases will be illustrated in beam structures by the finite element method. VỀ ỨNG DỤNG MÔ PHỎNG SỐ BÊ TÔNG TRONG THIẾT KẾ CẦU Ở VIỆT NAM ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF THE NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CONCRETE IN BRIDGE DESIGN IN VIETNAM MSc. The Truyen Tran Dr. Ngoc Long Nguyen Section of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering University of Transport and Communications Abstract: This paper presents the situation of application of the numerical simulation applied in concrete structures design in general and in concrete bridge structures design in particular in Viet nam up to this time, summarizes the material model used in concrete modelling, approaches of computing, proposes the choice of the rational model and approach in numerical simulation of concrete bridge structure components under present condition in Viet nam, concludes finally about the difficulty, solution to overcome and the way to develop of the numerical simulation in bridge design in Viet nam. STUDY ON INSTABILITY OF SUPER LONG-SPAN CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES Pham Hoang Kien Hitoshi Yamada Hiroshi Katsuchi Department of Civil Engineering Yokohama National University Abstract: In this paper, the structural and aeroelastic stability of super long- span cable-stayed bridges with main span length of 1200R1800m is presented. Firstly, the buckling instability of the girder under in-plane loading is examined by three-dimension buckling large displacement analysis. Secondly, the static aeroelastic behaviors of bridges against displacement-dependent wind load are investigated by three-dimension geometrical nonlinear analysis. The drag force, lift force, aerodynamic moment on the girder, the distributed wind force on the cables and the towers are considered in this analysis. Thirdly, the coupled flutter instability analyses are carried out. The effect of increasing span lengths on dynamic structural properties and the effect of cable vibrations on dynamic behaviors of the structure are investigated. Finally, the possibility and limitations of long-span cable-stayed bridges based on static and dynamic instability analysis are discussed. The analytical results show that static instability controls the dimension of the girder and the safety against both static and dynamic instabilities can be ensured even with main span length of 1800m. . thiết kế mới của các nhà khoa học đến từ các Trường đại học của CHLB Đức, Nhật Bản và các nhà khoa học ở các Trường đại học, các Viện Khoa học Công nghệ và Hội Khoa học Kỹ thuật Cầu đường Việt. chân thành cảm ơn các đơn vị và các nhà khoa học đã tham gia và có bài viết cho Hội thảo khoa học Việt - Đức lần này. Do hạn chế về thời gian, việc biên tập và in ấn các nội dung bài viết không. Hanoi - 2006 Ban tổ chức TS. Trần Đắc Sử - Hiệu trưởng Trường Đại học GTVT GS. TS. Nguyễn Viết Trung - Đại học GTVT PGS. TS. Trần Đức Nhiệm - Đại học GTVT PGS. TS. Hoàng Hà - Đại học GTVT