Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 189 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. USAGE EXERCISE Revise each of the following sentences to reflect the rules of formal,standard English or to eliminate any sexist language. Cross out each nonstandard or sexist word, and write the standard or nonsexist word above it. Example 1. Beside two courses in Spanish, Helen is taking a course in South American history. 1. For some reason, we have less track meets than most other high schools in the state do. 2. The bus stop is nowheres near my aunt’s farm. 3. Our science teacher he took us on a field trip to the wildlife sanctuary. 4. The treasure hunters couldn’t hardly believe their eyes when they saw the glittering coins. 5. There wasn’t no one in the building except the guard. 6. We could hardly of solved the problem without some help from the teacher. 7. I can’t go to the movies without I finish my homework first. 8. The captain insisted that the reward be distributed equally between all the crew members. 9. There wasn’t no food left over from the picnic. 10. You should never believe these kind of stories. 11. Teresa ain’t happy about the new chores. 12. Losing three games in a row had a bad affect on the team’s morale. 13. There are others besides me who had ought to spend less time daydreaming. 14. Mr. Wilson is going to learn us how to grow plants in a greenhouse. 15. Jenny acted like she did not recognize you. 16. This here coat has been lying on the chair all day. 17. The coach won’t leave you play in tonight’s game if your ankle still hurts. 18. Leonard has been playing the piano much longer then we have. 19. Her home is a long ways from New York City. 20. The microphone was so bad that we couldn’t scarcely hear the speaker. 21. What qualifications does a person need to become a policeman? 22. I didn’t except the stranger’s offer of a ride. 23. Was that a African elephant that we saw? 24. The company is looking for additional salesmen for the tri-state area. 25. My sister borrowed me her skates for the entire summer. NAME CLASS DATE Review A: A Glossary of Usage for CHAPTER 9: A GLOSSARY OF USAGE pages 269=285 Besides L09NAGUML9_182-191.qxd 10/21/07 2:57 AM Page 189 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com 190 E LEMENTS OF LANGUAGE Third Course Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. USAGE Review B: A Glossary of Usage EXERCISE Revise each of the following sentences to reflect the rules of formal,standard English usage or to eliminate any sexist language. Cross out each nonstandard or sexist word, and write the standard or nonsexist word above it. Example 1. Beside the bread, please pick up a quart of milk when you go to the store. 1. Without I finish my homework, I won’t be able to go to the game tonight. 2. I hope he will except this gift that I bought him. 3. I don’t want no help in completing this assignment. 4. Aren’t none of you ready for the big game tomorrow? 5. I wish you would learn me how to type as fast as you do. 6. He couldn’t scarcely see the difference between the two model cars. 7. Since she wasn’t feeling well, Nancy asked her little brother to leave her rest. 8. You hadn’t ought to cut things out of the newspaper before everyone has read it. 9. I have a long ways to go before reaching the park’s border. 10. The polite guest acted like she didn’t notice the messy room. 11. Did less people visit the Grand Canyon this year than last year? 12. My dog is much furrier then yours is. 13. That there library book is overdue. 14. What affect might a new governor have on the state? 15. The museum curator had an interest in these type of coins. 16. Mike couldn’t hardly believe his ears when he heard that he had won the essay contest. 17. Between all of us, we ought to have enough money to pay for lunch. 18. My mother she asked me to be sure to invite you to the party tonight. 19. Yoko ought to of remembered to hand in her report today. 20. I bicycle everywheres in the neighborhood. NAME CLASS DATE for CHAPTER 9: A GLOSSARY OF USAGE pages 269=285 Besides L09NAGUML9_182-191.qxd 10/21/07 2:57 AM Page 190 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 191 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. USAGE NAME CLASS DATE Review C: A Glossary of Usage EXERCISE Each of the following sentences contains nonstandard usage or sexist language. Correct each sentence by crossing out nonstandard or sexist language and writing revisions above the original sentence. You may add words by inserting a caret ( ^ ) and writing the added words above the caret. Example 1. If a student studies hard, he will do better on the exam. 1. She will travel anywheres her sister recommends. 2. A officer reprimanded the enlisted men for not having shined their boots. 3. The reason she left early is because she had an appointment. 4. She doesn’t want to drive to the coast without her friends go with her. 5. Bowling is a sport where players use a ball to knock down pins. 6. Kristen drove a long ways before finding her friend’s house. 7. A doctor can’t help me unless he’s familiar with my condition. 8. That there lake contains plenty of fish. 9. Are you’re friends coming with us? 10. The new bridge won’t effect my travel time. 11. The teacher arrived earlier then we had expected. 12. Nobody accept Berta showed up for the rehearsal. 13. They hadn’t ought to be late for the play. 14. She was sort of reluctant to ask the teacher a question. 15. Alot of tourists visit the local mall. 16. I know my keys are somewheres around here. 17. How many men will we need for the job? 18. When was the Mississippi River invented? 19. He hurt hisself while climbing the tree. 20. We were suppose to be here earlier. for CHAPTER 9: A GLOSSARY OF USAGE pages 269=285 or she ^ L09NAGUML9_182-191.qxd 10/21/07 2:57 AM Page 191 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com 192 ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE Third Course Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. EXERCISE A In each of the following sentences, cross out any word that is incorrectly lowercased and correctly write the word above it. Example 1. oh, Carmen and i visited the art museum yesterday. 1. last night after I got home, i read about civilization in the Indus Valley. 2. mom was oh so surprised that i had finally found a subject I liked. 3. she asked me, “where and when did this civilization exist?” 4. the Indus Valley civilization is rather old; it existed 4,500 years ago. 5. an old map showed that its region covered much of Pakistan and the western region of India. 6. skills that the people developed during that time were what i especially noticed. 7. scientists have uncovered remains that show that the people built brick buildings. 8. looking at pictures of a temple, I can almost hear a prayer, “We ask thee, o Great One. . . .” 9. these people built not only drainage systems, but, oh, heated bathing pools also. 10. oh, maybe someday I can visit the area and see this for myself. E XERCISE B In the following letter, cross out any word that has an error in capitalization and correctly write the word above it. Example [1] she received a letter from her younger sister. [11] dear Kate, [12] thank you for the nice note you sent. [13] Bobby says, “have a very happy Valentine’s Day.” [14] He even wrote this poem for you: “It can’t be too late / to send love to Kate!” [15] sincerely, Debbie MECHANICS NAME CLASS DATE Capitalizing First Words, I, and O Capitalize the first word in every sentence. Traditionally, the first word of a line of poetry is capitalized. Capitalize the first word of a directly quoted sentence. Capitalize the first word in both the salutation and the closing of a letter. Capitalize the pronoun I and the interjection O. for CHAPTER 10: CAPITAL LETTERS pages 292=293 Oh She I 10a. 10b. 10c. 10d. 10e. L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3:55 PM Page 192 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 193 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. EXERCISE For each of the following items, cross out any word that has an error in capitalization and correctly write that word above it. If the name is already correct, write C. Examples 1. Chief red deer 2. Ms. Aurora 1. a short story by alice munro 14. mr. baxter 2. fr. antoine lanager 15. j.r.r. tolkien 3. wilhelm k. roentgen 16. lawrence of Arabia 4. samuel f. b. morse 17. a horse named pinta 5. a poem by Gwendolyn brooks 18. p. d. james 6. jeanne woodward, r. n. 19. ms. Hartnett 7. mrs. o’leary 20. scott of the Antarctic 8. barry matthews, l.l.d. 21. my pet hamster, bernard 9. st. francis of Assisi 22. Doug hall, ph.d. 10. augusta ada byron king 23. dr. mark chavana 11. dr. martin luther king, jr. 24. c. s. lewis 12. bill smith’s piano 25. franklin johnson, sr. 13. Prof. Stanley Fish MECHANICS NAME CLASS DATE Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives A Capitalize proper nouns and proper adjectives. (1) Capitalize the names of persons and animals. For names having more than one part, capitalization may vary. Always check the spelling of such a name with the person who has that name, or look in a reference source. EXAMPLES Nel Voorberg Lassie Maria de la Vega Robert O’Connor (2) Capitalize initials in names and abbreviations that come before or after names. EXAMPLES Ms. Guerrera Albert D. B. Walker, Jr. LaKeeshia Smith, D.D.S. for CHAPTER 10: CAPITAL LETTERS pages 294=295 Red Deer C 10f. L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3:55 PM Page 193 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com 194 ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE Third Course Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. E XERCISE For each of the following items, cross out any word that has an error in capitalization and correctly write the word above it. If the word group is already correct, write C. Examples 1. los Alamos, new Mexico 2. the state of Idaho 1. 1202 Elm ave. 14. Leeward islands 2. a nation in Africa 15. Republic of the Philippines 3. Mount whitney 16. south Korea 4. the midwest 17. Cross Island expressway 5. niagara falls 18. borough of Queens 6. a north carolina city 19. Sri lanka 7. Great bear lake 20. the Cascade range 8. Cape of good Hope 21. Toledo bend reservoir 9. Everglades national park 22. 12 west Forty-First street 10. Strait of Gibraltar 23. gulf of Aden 11. Sonoran desert 24. bay of Bengal 12. Blue hill, Maine 25. a village in Vietnam 13. appalachian trail MECHANICS NAME CLASS DATE Capitalizing Geographical Names Capitalize geographical names. EXAMPLES the Grand Canyon Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia Collin County Painted Desert Sioux Falls, South Dakota the Northwest 444 East Thirty-third St. Gulf of Mexico Yosemite National Park Mount Hood Europe Isle of Wight for CHAPTER 10: CAPITAL LETTERS pages 295=296 Los New C 10f(3). L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3:55 PM Page 194 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 195 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. EXERCISE A For each of the following items, cross out any word that has an error in capitalization and correctly write the word above it. If the word or word group is already correct, write C. Example 1. the New York giants 1. National bureau of engraving 11. FBI 2. the Washington mystics 12. World bank 3. supreme Court 13. Audubon society 4. HuD 14. San Diego city council 5. the Better business bureau 15. Nelson high school 6. United States naval observatory 16. Library of congress 7. Church of England 17. Cincinnati reds 8. Department of justice 18. Nba 9. Smith college 19. university of Iowa 10. U.S. senate 20. department of the Interior EXERCISE B For each sentence in the following paragraph, cross out any word that has an error in capitalization and correctly write the word above it. Example [1] My father studied at louisiana state University. [21] My father is a fan of the L.S.U. tigers. [22] My oldest brother is planning to study at L.S.U. and then work for the U.s. department of agriculture. [23] I’m hoping to study biology at L.S.U. and later work for the Museum of natural science. [24] My sister, however, wants to study at tulane university and work for the cia. [25] The only thing my family members have in common is that all of us are on the swim team at the ymca. MECHANICS NAME CLASS DATE Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives B Capitalize the names of organizations, teams, government bodies, and institutions. EXAMPLES Museum of Fine Arts,Boston National Arbor Day Foundation the U.S. Department of Agriculture the Detroit Tigers Democratic Party (or party) YWCA (Young Women’s Christian Association) for CHAPTER 10: CAPITAL LETTERS pages 297=298 Giants State Louisiana 10f(4). L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3:55 PM Page 195 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com 196 ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE Third Course Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. EXERCISE For each of the following items, cross out any word that has an error in capitalization and correctly write the word above it. If the word or word group is already correct, write C. Example 1. presidents’ day 1. New year’s eve 14. the first day of Autumn 2. Independence day 15. tournament of roses parade 3. thanksgiving 16. Hollister county Spelling bee 4. a benefit for the Special olympics 17. the second week of october 5. founders’ day 18. February 6. battle of waterloo 19. veterans day 7. Yalta Conference 20. Hundred Years’ war 8. wednesday 21. New York World’s Fair 9. grandparents’ day 22. Davis cup 10. the roaring twenties 23. Victory of General Zaragosa day 11. Rose of tralee festival 24. a summer day 12. Industrial revolution 25. Mardi Gras 13. Pan-american day MECHANICS NAME CLASS DATE Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives C Capitalize the names of historical events and periods, special events, holidays, and other calendar items. The names of seasons are not capitalized unless they are personified or part of proper nouns. EXAMPLES the American Civil War the Fourth of July Annual Spring Fling the Middle Ages Walk Across America Saturday Valentine’s Day a winter evening for CHAPTER 10: CAPITAL LETTERS page 298 Presidents’ Day 10f(5). L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3:55 PM Page 196 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 197 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. EXERCISE For each of the following items, cross out any word that has an error in capitalization and correctly write the word above it. If the word or word group is already correct, write C. Example 1. the torah 1. a chicano artist 14. written in the veda 2. the teachings of Confucius 15. a portuguese newspaper 3. an italian opera 16. the swiss 4. the russian language 17. a canadian hockey team 5. north carolinians 18. Kwanzaa 6. a greek temple 19. the south american coast 7. the Roman goddess Demeter 20. a jewish holiday 8. taoism 21. a methodist church 9. the feast of epiphany 22. a book of the new testament 10. the zuni people 23. an indian movie 11. the book of genesis 24. the german language 12. a palestinian leader 25. praying to allah 13. the prophet Mohammed MECHANICS NAME CLASS DATE Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives D Capitalize the names of nationalities, races, and peoples. EXAMPLES Australian Lakota Yoruba Yoruban New Yorkers Capitalize the names of religions and their followers, holy days and celebrations, sacred writings, and specific deities. The words god and goddess are not capitalized when they refer to the deities of ancient mythology, but the names of specific gods and goddesses are capitalized. EXAMPLES Hinduism Roman Catholic Good Friday Feast of Ramadan Yom Kippur the Bhagavad-Gita Koran Buddha the goddess Hera for CHAPTER 10: CAPITAL LETTERS page 299 To ra h 10f(6). 10f(7). L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3:55 PM Page 197 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com 198 ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE Third Course Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. E XERCISE For each of the following items, cross out any word that has an error in capitalization and correctly write the word above it. If a word or word group is already correct, write C. Examples 1. jupiter, earth, and mars 2. where on Earth 1. Chase bank 14. quaker oatmeal 2. Bounty paper towels 15. the perseids 3. whirlpool refrigerator 16. amtrak express metroliner 4. SS united states 17. the shuttle columbia 5. a Fender Electric Guitar 18. Skylab 6. voyager 2 19. arm & hammer baking soda 7. Metro Plumbing Services 20. the evening star venus 8. total eclipse of the Sun 21. toyota camry 9. milwaukee arrow (a train) 22. jupiter and saturn 10. the constellation orion 23. a texaco station 11. lysol spray disinfectant 24. capitol auto 12. horseshoe nebula 25. the star polaris 13. viking 1 MECHANICS NAME CLASS DATE Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives E Capitalize the names of businesses and the brand names of business products. Do not capitalize a common noun that follows a brand name. EXAMPLES Sears, Roebuck and Co. a Sears lawn mower Capitalize the names of planets, stars, constellations, and other heavenly bodies. The word earth is not capitalized unless it is used along with the names of other heavenly bodies that are capitalized. The words sun and moon generally are not capitalized. EXAMPLES Mercury the Pleiades Ursa Major the earth and the moon Capitalize the names of ships, trains, aircraft, and spacecraft. Proper names of boats or cars are generally capitalized. EXAMPLES the Orient Express Dodge Caravan the shuttle Discovery SS Iowa for CHAPTER 10: CAPITAL LETTERS pages 299=300 Jupiter Earth earth Mars 10f(9). 10f(8). 10f(10). L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3:55 PM Page 198 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com [...]... 1700s, studied music spoke French and did needlework [14] Her name her birthday and her school’s name are sewn into a sampler [ 15] As she sewed, Elizabeth practiced the alphabet learned to spell made up verses and showed her artistic ability Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 213 L09NAGUML9_208-224.qxd 10/21/07 2 :59 AM Page 214 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com... the American Author Maya Angelou 19 courses in algebra, history, and english 20 sincerely yours, Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 2 05 L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3 :55 PM Page 206 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com NAME for CHAPTER 10: CAPITAL LETTERS CLASS DATE pages 292=3 05 Review B: Capitalization EXERCISE A For each of the following... the coconut fibers, that are ground up? 13 Made from the meat of the coconut candles and soap are important byproducts 14 One of the shirts, that I bought, has buttons made from coconut shells 15 This hat that I like, has been made from natural and dyed coconut fiber Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 2 15 MECHANICS When a clause or phrase is necessary to the meaning of a sentence—when... Darrold Smith 15 Jeffrey Hellmer, Medical Dr Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 209 MECHANICS (1) Abbreviate social titles whether used before the full name or before the last name alone (2) You may abbreviate civil and military titles used before full names or before initials and last names Spell such titles out before last names used alone (3) Abbreviate titles and academic degrees... man and The Ocean 14 Next month, the art museum will exhibit Water lilies by Claude Monet 15 After you see the musical Forty-second street, let me know whether you enjoyed it Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 203 MECHANICS Unimportant words in a title include articles: a, an, the; prepositions of fewer than five letters: in, of, for, and so forth; coordinating conjunctions: and, ... Rinehart and Winston All rights reserved 1 E b White 20 Constitutional law 101 8 memorial day 21 kentucky 9 the holiday of purim 22 Harry s Truman 10 the milky way 23 caldecott medal 11 the spirit of st louis 24 a Hindu Holiday 12 Spingarn medal 25 my Geography class 13 the french and indian war Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 201 L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3 :55 PM Page... England not in the United States 13 To use his gift Congress had to find a way, of turning English pounds into American dollars 14 First the money was put, in the form of British gold coins 15 These coins, were shipped to the U.S Mint at Philadelphia Pennsylvania and recoined Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 221 L09NAGUML9_208-224.qxd 10/21/07 2 :59 AM Page 222 Simpo PDF Merge and. .. Many Belgians adults and children know more than one language Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 217 L09NAGUML9_208-224.qxd 11/9/07 9:26 AM Page 218 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com NAME CLASS for CHAPTER 11: PUNCTUATION DATE = pages 317=332 Comma Review A 11f Use commas to separate items in a series 11g Use a comma before and, but, for, nor,... Texas 787 05 10 The brochure stated, “Trains depart on the hr and the half hr every day.” EXERCISE B On the lines provided, write the abbreviated versions of the following word groups Example 1 Starkville, Mississippi Starkville, MS 11 two ounces of lime juice 12 107 North Bear Avenue 13 January 15, 2009 14 Houston, Texas 15 1190 before Christ Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 211... Rinehart and Winston All rights reserved 1 purple heart 20 Hoover dam 8 a Bridge in Italy 21 taj mahal 9 Honolulu tower 22 the lincoln memorial 10 Arlington national cemetery 23 mount rushmore national memorial 11 the Globe Theatre 24 the golden gate bridge 12 Vietnam veterans memorial 25 the space needle in Seattle 13 Pulitzer prize Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 199 MECHANICS . 10/20/07 3 :55 PM Page 192 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 193 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston 298 Presidents’ Day 10f (5) . L09NAGUML9_192-207.qxd 10/20/07 3 :55 PM Page 196 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 197 Copyright. 10/20/07 3 :55 PM Page 198 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice 199 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston.