CHAPTER 5 Surface Water Christopher Spooner CONTENTS Section 5A Rivers . 5-2 Section 5B Lakes . . 5-39 Section 5C Waterfalls . . . . . 5-64 Section 5D Glaciers and Ice . 5-68 Section 5E Floods . 5-93 Section 5F Flood Prevention 5-126 Section 5G Flood Controls Works. 5-128 Section 5H Water Areas — United States . . . . . . 5-130 Section 5I Oceans and Seas . 5-142 5-1 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC SECTION 5A RIVERS Missouri River M ississippi Mississippi C o l u m b i a R R P e n d O r e i l l e S n a k e R i v e r R i v e r C o l o r a d o W i l l i a m e t t e R A r k a n s a s S a c r e m e n i o R R e d R i v e r R i v e r Atchafalaya River W h i t e R R iver Illinois R W a b a s h R Ohio River River River C u m b e r l a n d R R Tennessee S t L a w r e n c e R i v e r A l l e g h e n y R Mobile R Alabam a Tombigbee R Apalachicola R S u s q u e h a n n a R Hudson R D e l a w a r e R EXPLANATION 20,000 ft 3 sec −1 50,000 ft 3 sec −1 100,000 ft 3 sec −1 250,000 ft 3 sec −1 500,000 ft 3 sec −1 Rivers shown are those whose average flow at the mouth is 17,000 ft 3 sec −1 or more. Average flow of Yukon River, Alaska, is 240,000 ft 3 sec −1 . 100 100 0 0 100 100 200 200 300 km 300 MILES Figure 5A.1 Large rivers in the United States. (From Iseri, K.T., and W.B. Langbein, Large Rivers of the United States, U.S. Geol. Survey Circular 686, 1974.) THE WATER ENCYCLOPEDIA: HYDROLOGIC DATA AND INTERNET RESOURCES5-2 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Table 5A.1 Average Discharge at Downstream Gaging Stations on Large Rivers of the United States, 1931–1960, and 1941–1970 River Gaging-Station Location Drainage Area (Square Miles) Average Discharge (1931–1960) (ft 3 /sec) Average Discharge (1941–1970) (ft 3 /sec) Alabama At Claiborne, AL 22,000 31,140 31,510 Allegheny At Natrona, PA 11,410 19,200 18,810 Apalachicola At Chattahoochee, FL 17,200 20,700 21,700 Arkansas At Little Rock, AR 158,000 41,300 42,130 Atchafalaya a At Krotz Springs, LA 93,320 160,800 b 180,800 b Colorado Below Hoover Dam, AZ–NV c 167,800 14,580 d 14,530 Columbia At The Dalles, OR 237,000 183,000 189,000 Cumberland Near Grand Rivers, KY 17,598 26,900 28,030 e Delaware At Trenton, NJ f 9,397 16,100 14,500 g Hudson At Green Island, NY 8,090 — 12,520 h Illinois At Merdosia, IL 25,300 20,500 20,670 Mississippi At Alton, IL 171,500 91,300 98,300 Mississippi At Vicksburg, MS 1,144,500 554,000 565,300 Missouri At Hermann, MO 528,200 69,200 76,200 Ohio At Metropolis, IL 203,000 257,000 257,200 Pend Oreille At international boundary 25,200 26,900 28,420 Red At Alexandria, LA 67,412 32,470 32,100 Sacramento At Verona, CA i — 25,700 27,200 St. Lawrence At Cornwall, Ontario-near Massena, NY j 299,000 233,000 k 239,000 k Snake Near Clarkston, WA 103,200 48,600 48,960 Susquehanna At Marietta, PA 25,990 36,100 35,060 Tennessee Near Paducah, KY 40,200 63,400 64,050 f Tombigbee At Jackson Lock and Dam near Coffeeville, AL 18,500 25,200 25,130 Wabash At Mount Carmel, IL 28,600 26,400 26,600 White At Clarendon, AR 25,497 29,490 29,360 Willamette At Salem, OR 7,280 23,870 24,780 Yukon At Ruby, AK 259,000 — 170,000 l a Continuation of Red River. b Includes diversion from Mississippi River through Old River or Old River diversion channel. c Very little tributary flow downstream. Downstream station located at Yuma, AZ., drainage area 242,900 square miles. The greater part of the natural flow is diverted for irrigation and other uses in the basin above Yuma. Average flow at Yuma, 1963–1970, is less than 1,000 ft 3 sec K1 . d For the period 1934–1960. e Interbasin diversion beginning June 1966 between Lake Barkley on Cumberland River and Lake Kentucky on Tennessee River through Barkley–Kentucky Canal. f Five tributaries below Trenton have been added. g Unadjusted for diversion by New York City reservoirs since 1954. h October 1946 to September 1970 (24 years). i American River and Yolo bypass have been added. j Formerly at Ogdensburg, NY k Furnished by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers through International St. Lawrence River Board of Control. l Average is for 1957–1970; station operated only since 1956. Source: From Iseri, K.T., and W.B. Langbein, 1974, Large Rivers of the United States, U.S. Geol. Survey Circular 686. SURFACE WATER 5-3 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Table 5A.2 Flow of Selected Streams in the United States Gaging Station Streamflow Characteristics Name Drainage Area (mL 2 ) Period of Analysis 7-Day, 10-Year Low Flow (ft 3 /sec) Average Discharge (ft 3 /sec) 100-Year Flood (ft 3 /sec) Alabama South Atlantic–Gulf Region Choctawhatcheee-Wseambia Subregion 1. Choctawhatchee River, Newton 686 1923–1926 88 983 40,900 1937–1983 2. Conecuh River, Brantley 500 1937–1983 31 680 27,300 Alabama Subregion 3. Coosa River, Childersburg 8,392 1915–1968 2,000 13,860 157,600 1969–1978 1,330 13,860 144,900 4. Tallapoosa River, Wadley 1,675 1923–1983 140 2,594 73,800 5. Alabama River, Montgomery 15,087 1927–1968 5,240 24,260 317,000 1969–1983 3,860 24,260 219,500 Mobile–Tombigbee Subregion 6. Cahaba River, Centreville 1,027 1902–1907 143 1,633 117,000 1931 1937–1983 7. Mulberry Fork, Garden City 365 1928–1983 4.9 681 51,300 8. Black Warrior River, Northport 4,820 1895–1902 90 8,041 221,000 1929–1960 1961–1983 504 8,041 305,400 9. Tombigbee River, Coatopa 15,385 1928–1983 685 23,500 Tennessee Region Middle Tennessee-Elk Subregion 10. Flint River, Chase 342 1930–1983 66 554 75,200 11. Tennessee River, Florence 30,810 1984–1983 7,490 51,900 — Alaska Alaska Region Southeast Alaska Subregion 1. Stikine River, Wrangell 19,920 1976–1983 4,500 a 56,674 299,600 a 2. Fish Creek, Ketchikan 32.1 1915–1936 b 1938–1983 31 421 5,420 South-Central Alaska Subregion 3. Copper River, Chitina 20,600 1955–1983 3,040 37,670 321,000 4. Susitna River, Gold Creek 6,160 1949–1983 723 9,724 115,000 5. Susitna River, Susitna Station 19,400 1974–1983 5,000 a 49,940 230,000 a Southwest Alaska Subregion 6. Kvichak River, Igiugig 6,500 1967–1983 7,380 18,060 66,500 7. Nuyakuk River, Dillingham 1,490 1953–1983 1,100 6,156 36,200 8. Nushagak River, Ekwok 9,850 1977–1983 6,000 a 23,840 89,200 a 9. Kuskokwim River, Crooked Creek 31,100 1951–1983 7,850 41,220 445,000 Yukon Subregion 10. Yukon, River, Eagle 113,500 1911–1913 b 10,500 82,660 605,000 1950–1983 11. Porcupine River, Fort Yukon 29,500 1964–1979 6 b 14,230 476,000 12. Chena River, Fairbanks 1,980 1948–1983 150 1,384 38,800 c 13. Tanana River, Nenana 25,600 1962–1983 4,740 23,550 153,000 d 14. Koyukuk River, Hughes 18,700 1960–1982 267 14,540 332,000 e 15. Yukon River, Pilot Station 321,000 1975–1983 37,000 a 219,600 751,000 a Northwest Alaska Subregion 16. Kobuk River, Kiana 9,520 1976–1983 1,300 a 15,270 152,000 a Arctic Subregion 17. Kaparuk River, Deadhorse 3,130 1971–1983 No flow 1,367 218,000 Arizona Lower Colorado River Basin 1. Colorado River, Lees Ferry 111,800 1912–1962 1,670 17,850 189,500 1965–1984 — — — 2. Colorado River, below Hoover Dam 171,700 1935–1984 2,550 13,590 — (Continued) THE WATER ENCYCLOPEDIA: HYDROLOGIC DATA AND INTERNET RESOURCES5-4 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Table 5A.2 (Continued) Gaging Station Streamflow Characteristics Name Drainage Area (mL 2 ) Period of Analysis 7-Day, 10-Year Low Flow (ft 3 /sec) Average Discharge (ft 3 /sec) 100-Year Flood (ft 3 /sec) 3. Bill Williams River, below Alamo Dam 4,730 1940–1968 0.72 92.3 325,000 4. Colorado River, above Morelos Dam 246,700 1950–1984 541 — — Little Colorado Subregion 5. Little Colorado River, Cameron 26,500 1974–1984 — 244 32,800 Upper Gila Subregion 6. Gila River, Clifton 4,010 1928–1984 8.15 192 30,600 7. Gila River, Solomon 7,896 1914–1984 22.0 468 86,800 Middle Gila Subregion 8. San Pedro River, Palominas 741 1950–1981 0.03 32.1 21,800 9. San Pedro River, Winkelman 4,471 1966–1979 — 57.1 — 10. Gila River, Kelvin 18,011 1912–1984 0.82 494 244,000 11. Santa Cruz River, Tucson 2,222 1915–1981 — 22.7 20,300 Salt Subregion 12. Black River, Fort Apache 1,232 1958–1984 16.7 412 56,100 13. White River, Fort Apache 632 1958–1984 4.80 201 11,900 14. Salt River, Roosevelt 4,306 1925–1984 81.9 888 164,000 15. Verde River, above Horseshoe Dam 5,872 1945–1984 72.5 564 158,000 Arkansas Lower Mississippi Region Mississippi River Main Stem 1. Mississippi River, Memphis, TN 932,800 1933–1981 99,000 474,200 1,860,000 Lower Mississippi–St. Francis Subregion St. Francis River Basin 2. St. Francis Bay, Riverfront — 1936–1975 57 5,274 — 1978–1981 1944–1975 83 — — 1978–1981 Lower Red–Ouachita Subregion 3. Ouachita River, Malvern 1,585 1928–1984 105 2,380 194,000 1954–1984 244 4. Ouachita River, Camden 5,357 1928–1984 236 7,490 299,000 1954–1984 548 — — 5. Smackover Creek, Smackover 385 1961–1983 0.35 374 39,700 6. Saline River, Rye 2,102 1937–1983 12.6 2,590 102,000 7. Bayou Bartholomew, McGehee 576 1939–1942 6.5 676 6,930 1946–1984 Arkansas–White–Red Region Upper White Subregion White River Basin 8. Buffalo River, St. Joe 829 1939–1984 16.5 1,027 176,000 9. White River, Calico Rock 9,978 1939–1983 894 9,830 352,000 1945–1983 973 — — 1958–1983 1,120 — — 10. Spring River, Imboden 1,183 1936–1983 279 1,360 163,000 11. Black River, Black Rock 7,369 1929–1931 1,980 8,410 176,000 1939–1983 1950–1983 1,990 — — 12. Middle Fork Little Red River, Shirley 302 1939–1983 !0.19 467 140,000 13. White River, Clarendon 25,555 1928–1981 4,090 29,510 291,000 1945–1981 5,050 — — 1958–1981 6,020 — — Lower Arkansas Subregion Arkansas River Basin 14. Poteau River, Cauthron 203 1939–1983 !0.1 215 47,100 1950–1983 !0.1 — — (Continued) SURFACE WATER 5-5 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Table 5A.2 (Continued) Gaging Station Streamflow Characteristics Name Drainage Area (mL 2 ) Period of Analysis 7-Day, 10-Year Low Flow (ft 3 /sec) Average Discharge (ft 3 /sec) 100-Year Flood (ft 3 /sec) 15. Mulberry River, Mulberry 373 1938–1983 !0.16 534 82,400 16. Big Piney Creek, Dover 274 1950–1983 0.15 398 112,000 17. Petit Jean River, Danville 764 1916–1984 0.74 809 91,900 1949–1984 1.9 — — 18. Arkansas River, Murray Dam 158,030 1927–1984 1,230 40,290 588,000 Red–Sulphur Subregion Red River Basin 19. Red River, Index 48,030 1936–1984 812 11,170 190,000 1945–1984 934 — — 1969–1984 1,110 — — California California Region Sacramento Subregion 1. Feather River, Nicolaus 5,921 1944–1969 169 7,957 521,000 1970–1983 1,061 9,424 332,000 2. Sacramento River, Verona 21,251 1930–1969 1,618 18,240 77,700 f 1970–1983 5,732 22,680 94,700 f 3. American River Fair Oaks 1,888 1906–1955 64 3,735 257,000 1956–1983 426 3,942 150,000 Tulare–Buena Vista Lakes and San Joaquin Subregions 4. Kern River, Kernville 846 1912–1984 104 762 45,800 5. Kings River, Trimmer 1,342 1953–1983 111 2,177 135,000 6. Merced River, Stevinson 1,273 1941–1983 52 733 14,400 7. San Joaquin River, Vernalis 13,536 1930–1983 241 4,783 99,900 Southern California Coastal Subregion 8. San Diego River, Santee 377 1914–1943 0.1 42.3 54,900 1944–1982 1.0 13.7 5,400 9. Santa Margarita River, Ysidora 740 1924–1948 0 43.3 46,000 1949–1983 0 31.0 32,000 10. Santa Ana River, Santa Ana 1,700 1942–1984 0 52.8 33,800 11. Los Angeles River, at Long Beach 827 1930–1940 0.1 110 192,000 1941–1982 3.8 222 118,000 12. Santa Clara River, Los Angeles– Ventura County Line 625 1953–1971 0.1 36.2 161,000 1972–1984 2.9 67.8 58,500 Central California Coastal Subregion 13. Salinas River, Spreckels 4,156 1930–1941 0.1 659 145,000 g 1942–1965 0.5 262 145,000 g 1966–1984 0.6 590 145,000 g 14. San Lorenzo River, Big Trees 106 1937–1984 9.2 140 39,600 Klamath–Northern California Coastal Subregion 15. Russian River, Guerneville 1,338 1940–1958 77 2,230 108,000 1959–1983 40 2,435 93,400 16. Eel River, Scotia 3,113 1911–1984 43 7,412 608,000 17. Klamath River, Klamath 12,100 1911–1984 1,859 18,110 556,000 18. Smith River, Crescent City 609 1932–1984 191 3,891 231,000 Great Basin Region Central Lahontan Subregion 19. Truckee River, Tahoe City 507 1910–1984 2.4 240 2,830 Colorado Missouri Region North and South Platte Subregions 1. North Platte River, Northgate 1,431 1915–1984 35 440 7,870 2. South Platte River, Hartsel 880 1933–1984 3.3 79.1 2,410 3. South Platte River, Kersey 9,598 1901–1984 51 834 40,400 4. South Platte River, Julesburg 23,138 1902–1984 7.6 524 62,300 (Continued) THE WATER ENCYCLOPEDIA: HYDROLOGIC DATA AND INTERNET RESOURCES5-6 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Table 5A.2 (Continued) Gaging Station Streamflow Characteristics Name Drainage Area (mL 2 ) Period of Analysis 7-Day, 10-Year Low Flow (ft 3 /sec) Average Discharge (ft 3 /sec) 100-Year Flood (ft 3 /sec) Arkansas–White–Red Region Upper Arkansas Subregion 5. Arkansas River, Canon City 3,117 1888–1981 129 715 14,300 6. Arkansas River, La Junta 12,210 1912–1973 4.8 244 96,300 1974–1984 3.8 233 19,300 7. Purgatoire River, Trinidad 795 1895–1976 2.7 83.3 34,400 1977–1981 — 64.3 — 8. Purgatoire River, Las Animas 3,503 1922–1931 0.34 116 94,000 1948–1976 1977–1984 — 81.0 — 9. Arkansas River Lamar 19,780 1913–1942 1.1 301 131,000 1948–1984 0.63 93.6 35,500 Rio Grande Region Rio Grande Headwaters Subregion 10. Rio Grande, Del Norte 1,320 1889–1984 107 901 13,400 11. Rio Grande, Lobatos 7,700 1899–1984 7.1 575 19,900 Upper Colorado Region Colorado Headwaters Subregion 12. Colorado River, near Dotsero 4,394 1940–1984 536 2,136 23,800 13. Colorado River, Cameo 8,050 1933–1984 997 3,900 41,900 Gunnison Subregion 14. Gunnison River, Gunnison 1,012 1940–1928 148 888 11,500 1944–1984 115 709 9,000 15. Gunnison River Grand Junction 7,928 1896–1965 265 2,611 38,100 1968–1984 495 2,659 30,500 White–Yampa Subregion 16. Yampa River, Maybell 3,410 1916–1984 39 1,573 19,900 17. White River, Meeker 755 1901–1984 179 626 6,570 San Juan Subregion 18. Animas River, Durango 692 1912–1984 128 819 15,500 Connecticut New England Region Connecticut Subregion Connecticut River Basin 1. Connecticut River, Thompsonville 9,661 1928–1983 2,200 16,400 209,000 2. Burlington Brook, Burlington 4.10 1931–1983 0.7 8.3 1,250 3. Farmington River, Rainbow 590 1928–1960 144 1,030 44,000 1961–1983 101 1,040 24,000 4. Salmon Silver, East Hampton 100 1928–1983 5.2 184 16,600 Connecticut Coastal Subregion Thames River Basin 5. Mount Hope River, Warrenville 28.6 1940–1983 0.9 51.2 5,620 6. Shetucket River, Willimantic 404 1928–1952 46.5 667 25,000 1953–1983 44.2 734 22,500 7. Quinebaug River, Jewett City 713 1918–1958 119 1,250 29,500 1959–1983 90.0 1,330 26,500 8. Yantic River, Yantic 89.3 1930–1983 5.2 165 10,800 Quinnipiac River Basin 9. Quinnipiac River, Wallingford 115 1930–1983 32.6 211 6,340 Housatonic River Basin 10. Housatonic River, Falls Village 634 1912–1983 119 1,090 24,000 11. Shepaug River, Roxbury 132 1930–1971 6.2 236 24,000 12. Pomperaug River, Southbury 75.1 1932–1983 6.0 128 19,900 13. Housatonic River, Stevenson 1,544 1928–1983 160 2,600 95,100 14. Naugatuck River, Beacon Falls 260 1928–1959 61.2 484 46,000 1960–1983 59.4 557 23,000 (Continued) SURFACE WATER 5-7 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Table 5A.2 (Continued) Gaging Station Streamflow Characteristics Name Drainage Area (mL 2 ) Period of Analysis 7-Day, 10-Year Low Flow (ft 3 /sec) Average Discharge (ft 3 /sec) 100-Year Flood (ft 3 /sec) Saugatuck River Basin 15. Saugatuck River, Westport 79.8 1932–1967 2.25 119 13,400 Delaware Mid-Atlantic Region Delaware Subregion Christina River Basin 1. Christina River, Coochs Bridge 20.5 1943–1984 1.5 28.8 4,840 2. Brandywine Creek, Wilmington 314 1946–1984 75 488 34,300 Upper Chesapeake Subregion Indian River Basin 3. Stockley Branch, Stockley 5.24 1943–1984 0.66 7.04 200 Nanticoke River Basin 4. Nanticoke River, Bridgeville 75.4 1943–1984 15 92.8 3,570 Florida South Atlantic–Gulf Region Altamaha–St. Marys Subregion 1. St. Marys River, Macclenny 700 1927–1983 18 672 40,500 St. Johns Subregion 2. St. Johns River, Christmas 1,539 1934–1983 24 1,310 18,500 3. St. Johns River, DeLand 3,066 1934–1983 0 3,120 21,900 4. Oklawaha River, 2,747 1944–1968 788 2,020 12,900 Rodman Dam 1969–1983 — 1,550 — Southern Florida Subregion 5. Fisheating Creek, Palmdale 311 1932–1983 0 257 21,400 6. Kissimmee River, 2,886 1929–1962 809 2,190 29,800 S-65E near Okeechobee 1964–1983 36 1,390 Peace–Tampa Bay Subregion 7. Peace River, Acradia 1,367 1932–1983 57 1,150 34,400 8. Hillsborough River, Zephyrhills 220 1940–1983 53 259 10,300 9. Withlacoochee River, Holder 1,825 1932–1983 158 1,090 9,750 Suwannee Subregion 10. Suwannee River, Branford 7,880 1932–1983 1,790 6,940 68,000 11. Santa Fe River, Fort White 1,017 1928–1929 730 1,610 16,400 1933–1983 12. Suwannee River, Wilcox 9,640 1931 4,020 10,400 66,400 1942–1983 Ochlockonee Subregion 13. Ochlockonee River, Havana 1,140 1927–1983 30 1,030 41,200 Apalachicola Subregion 14. Apalachicola River, Chattahoochee 17,200 1929–1983 7,000 22,400 264,000 Choctawhatchee–Escambia Subregion 15. Choctawhatchee River, Bruce 4,384 1931–1983 1,630 7,140 128,000 16. Yellow River, Milligan 624 1939–1983 184 1,170 45,900 17. Shoal River, Crestview 474 1939–1983 291 1,100 33,600 18. Escambia River, Century 3,817 1935–1983 777 6,360 179,000 19. Perdido River, Barrineau Park 394 1942–1983 221 766 34,200 Georgia South Atlantic–Gulf Region Ogeechee–Savannah Subregion 1. Broad River, Bell 1,430 1927–1932 200 1,809 60,400 1937 — 2. Savannah River, Augusta 7,508 1960–1981 5,500 10,200 — Altamaha–St. Marys Subregion 3. Oconee River, Greensboro 1,090 1903–1932 150 1,446 50,700 1936–1978 4. Altamaha River, Doctortown 13,600 1931–1983 2,250 13,770 225,000 (Continued) THE WATER ENCYCLOPEDIA: HYDROLOGIC DATA AND INTERNET RESOURCES5-8 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Table 5A.2 (Continued) Gaging Station Streamflow Characteristics Name Drainage Area (mL 2 ) Period of Analysis 7-Day, 10-Year Low Flow (ft 3 /sec) Average Discharge (ft 3 /sec) 100-Year Flood (ft 3 /sec) 5. Penholoway Creek, Jesup 210 1958–1983 0 201 7,180 Suwannee Subregion 6. Alapaha River, Statenville 1,400 1931–1983 25 1,044 24,200 Apalachicola Subregion 7. Chattahoochee River, Atlanta 1,450 1959–1981 860 2,840 — 8. Flint River, Culloden 1,850 1911–1923 180 2,402 99,100 1928–1931 1937–1983 9. Flint River, Albany 5,310 1901–1921 1,000 6,303 94,600 1929–1983 Alabama Subregion 10. Etowah River, Allatoona Dam 1,120 1950–1981 240 1,944 — Tennessee Region Middle Tennessee–Hiawassee Subregion 11. Toccoa River, Dial 177 1912–1983 125 498 16,600 Hawaii Hawaii Region Kauai Subregion 1. East Branch of North Fork Wailua River near Lihue 6.27 1916–1983 10.4 48.6 10,400 Oahu Subregion 2. Kalihi Stream, near Honolulu 2.61 1917–1983 0.29 6.74 10,400 Maui Subregion 3. Honopou Stream near Huolo 0.64 1911–1983 0.26 4.69 4,410 Hawaii Subregion 4. Waiakea Stream near Mountain View 17.4 1931–1983 0.10 11.8 1,140 Idaho Great Basin Region Bear Subregion Bear River Basin 1. Bear River, Preston 4,545 1944–1984 80 937 8,190 Pacific Northwest Region Kootenai–Pond Oreille–Spokane Subregion Pend Oreille River Basin 2. Priest River, Priest River 902 1904 200 1,686 11,500 1930–1984 Spokane River Basin 3. Spokane River, Post Falls 3,340 1913–1984 180 6,297 46,000 Upper Snake Subregion 4. Snake River, Irwin 5,225 1950–1984 560 6,691 31,700 5. Henrys Fork, Rexburg 2,920 1910–1984 400 2,088 12,100 6. Portneuf River, Pocatello 1,250 1913–1916 14 280 2,650 1918–1984 7. Snake River, Milner 17,180 1910–1926 5 2,711 42,400 1927–1984 — — 28,300 8. Big Lost River, below Mackay Reservoir, Mackay 813 1905 36 314 3,280 1913–1914 1920–1984 9. Big Wood River below Magic Dam, Richfield 1,600 1913–1984 2 480 10,400 Middle Snake Subregion 10. Snake River, King Hill 35,800 1910–1926 6,000 10,910 54,600 1927–1984 — — 39,100 11. Bruneau River, Hot Spring 2,630 1904–1914 47 409 7,500 1943–1984 (Continued) SURFACE WATER 5-9 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Table 5A.2 (Continued) Gaging Station Streamflow Characteristics Name Drainage Area (mL 2 ) Period of Analysis 7-Day, 10-Year Low Flow (ft 3 /sec) Average Discharge (ft 3 /sec) 100-Year Flood (ft 3 /sec) 12. Boise River, Boise 2,680 1953–1984 1 2,951 10,000 13. Payette River, Payette 3,240 1936–1984 400 3,183 10,000 14. Weiser River, Weiser 1,460 1953–1984 54 1,132 26,000 15. Snake River, Weiser 69,200 1911–1984 6,600 18,490 10,000 Lower Snake Subregion 16. Salmon River, White Bird 13,550 1911–1917 2,400 11,420 126,000 1920–1984 17. Clearwater River, Spalding 9,570 1910–1913 1,500 15,550 188,000 1925–1984 Illinois Upper Mississippi Region Upper and Lower Illinois Subregions Illinois River Main Stem 1. Illinois River, Marseilles 8,259 1919–1983 — — 91,100 1940–1983 3,180 9,791 — 2. Illinois River, Meredosia 26,028 1921–1983 — — 132,300 1940–1983 3,630 21,976 — Illinois River Basin–Tributaries 3. Kankakee River, Wilmington 5,150 1915–1983 463 4,233 68,100 4. Des Plaines, River Riverside 630 1914–1983 — — 7,830 1943–1983 6.0 471 — 1974–1983 48 — — 5. Fox River, Dayton 2,642 1915–1983 176 1,703 37,400 1974–1983 366 — — 6. Vermillion River, Leonore 1,251 1931–1983 — 822 40,700 1973–1983 9.6 — — 7. Mackinaw River, Congerville 767 1945–1983 1.3 511 43,900 8. Spoon River, Seville 1,636 1914–1983 20 1,054 37,600 9. Sangamon River, Oakford 5,093 1910–1983 147 3,335 82,800 1974–1983 263 — — 10. La Moine River, Ripley 1,293 1921–1983 10 802 27,500 Rock Subregion Rock River Basin 11. Pecatonica River, Freeport 1,326 1914–1983 191 900 21,300 12. Kishwaukee River, Perryville 1,099 1940–1983 68 713 25,000 13. Rock River, Joslin 9,549 1940–1983 1,270 6,020 58,800 14. Green River, Geneseo 1,003 1936–1983 40 610 13,000 Upper Mississippi–Kaskaskia–Meramec Subregion Kaskaskia and Big Muddy River Basins 15. Kaskaskia River, Vandalia 1,940 1908–1969 14 1,412 33,000 1970–1983 34 1,769 30,400 16. Big Muddy River, Murphysboro 2,169 1916–1970 — — 39,300 1931–1970 2.3 1,788 — 1971–1983 47 1,888 41,000 Ohio Region Wabash and Lower Ohio Subregions Embarras and Little Wabash River Basins 17. Embarras River, Ste. Marie 1,516 1910–1983 14 1,224 53,700 18. Little Wabash, River, Carmi 3,102 1940–1983 6.2 2,529 45,300 Indiana Ohio Region Great Miami Subregion Whitewater River Basin 1. Whitewater River, Alpine 522 1928–1983 48 551 49,000 Wabash Subregion Wabash River Main Stem–White River Basin–Patoka River Basin 2. Muscatatuck River, Deputy 293 1947–1983 0.0 348 41,200 (Continued) THE WATER ENCYCLOPEDIA: HYDROLOGIC DATA AND INTERNET RESOURCES5-10 q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC [...]... 122 55 .8 64.1 6 15 1,300 2,980 5, 090 9,820 1,930 2,780 5, 400 5, 130 7, 950 13,100 3,980 6,480 11,800 402 1,430 777 2,800 772 391 1,190 887 2,820 1,130 7261 2,810 1,3901 5, 5201 6 651 1903–41; 52 – 65 1937– 65 19 15 65 1878–19 65 1909–16; 23– 65 302 194 154 303 59 9 4 15 361 427 200 457 259 212 182 1,0401 1,280 1927– 65 19 05 65 1960– 65 1 955 – 65 1 951 – 65 980 1,220 2, 350 59 8 799 1,490 2,2201 3,6301 6,2101 1911–14; 50 – 65. .. 11⁄2 Water Resource Region Average Stream Length (miles) 100 75 50 50 75 100 100 75 150 150 150 250 1 25 200 1 75 300 150 150 100 150 100 50 4.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 5. 0 4.0 3.0 4.0 5. 0 3.0 4.0 3.0 3 .5 2.0 3 .5 4.0 1 .5 2.0 1.0 4.0 4.0 0 .5 1 ,50 0 50 0 800 800 2 ,50 0 1 ,50 0 50 0 1,200 2 ,50 0 50 0 1,200 50 0 900 200 1,000 1 ,50 0 100 300 50 1 ,50 0 1 ,50 0 20 Note: Velocities are estimated for discharges which are exceeded 95 percent... 451 1 1902– 65 1907–10 1929– 65 1923– 65 1928– 65 353 1,100 461 300 329 611 2,210 642 358 362 653 2,090 55 2 316 3 15 387 1,290 379 192 233 2 35 703 221 126 182 197 422 132 83 .5 1 75 170 332 143 106 183 157 306 110 85. 1 158 179 457 150 95. 3 155 292 696 161 1 05 153 334 877 2 45 1 85 221 327 9631 296 184 230 1912– 65 1890–19 65 1930– 65 1934– 65 1911– 65 169 471 161 51 9 7 95 140 396 139 52 0 782 66.6 241 47.8 338 388 49.7... 1902– 65 1911– 65 19 35 41; 45 65 64.9 299 9.42 162 15. 8 28.1 289 4.08 94.2 10.9 33.8 323 3 .57 93.6 12.4 46.8 320 22.1 148 38.9 58 .6 419 121 348 176 99.2 681 370 629 239 124 6471 200 486 119 1922– 65 1948– 65 1910– 65 1910–26; 50 – 65 1 952 – 65 1,210 5, 920 1,130 9,630 2 05 5 05 3,130 55 5 5, 270 134 339 1,940 54 9 3,470 147 340 1,600 666 2,810 253 150 50 .9 46.7 3, 250 2,000 76.3 33.6 37.1 2,920 2,420 65. 2 33.4 35. 9... 183 18.8 253 214 72.7 210 63.6 222 177 59 .0 182 72.9 277 177 57 .6 171 31.6 249 162 87.7 224 43.0 313 2 95 95. 9 2 65 67.0 336 3 85 1923– 65 1938– 65 1942– 65 1929–33, 37– 65 1931– 65 73.4 287 1, 150 70.8 316 1,040 46.2 207 652 46.8 1 45 4 65 80.2 148 477 100 180 429 124 1 85 341 168 1 75 361 144 141 359 103 142 55 0 92.2 191 6201 1933– 65 1931– 65 1928– 65 90 .5 433 160 834 173 9021 1934– 65 1930– 65 347 133 101 1 ,50 0 332... 29 .5 7.23 136 68.9 47.0 6.9 5. 28 143 99.2 72.2 42.7 16.6 269 153 77.2 38.2 12.7 188 140 80.6 10.8 6.31 96.8 188 69.8 4.2 5. 44 82 .5 207 80.7 21.9 8.24 123 1903–06; 22– 65 1919– 25; 38– 65 1939– 65 1 954 – 65 1900–14; 22– 65 250 657 58 6 14.2 10.8 108 313 306 9.13 2 .54 76.8 236 230 5. 98 1. 05 77.4 2 45 214 2.36 0.71 68 .5 210 200 1. 05 0.92 50 .6 163 213 0.38 1.71 181 4891 383 6.36 5. 66 18 95 99; 19 05 65 1911– 65 1902– 65. .. 9.84 158 2,060 8,140 3,140 14,000 412 291 113 94.2 2,320 2,740 6,160 11 ,50 0 18,300 Oct Nov Period of Record Dec Year 1, 050 54 2 2,2201 7201 116 87.0 6 95 8,220 432 82.6 76.9 721 11,100 673 188 157 1,1401 15, 8001 8801 19 25 65 1938– 65 1927– 65 1928– 65 1928– 65 174 8, 750 116 81.1 122 316 12,100 221 164 1 85 5071 17,7001 239 176 202 1932– 65 1928– 65 1927– 65 1904–06; 21– 65 1924– 65 1897–19 65 1928– 45; 50 – 65 1 45 82.8... Embreeville 8 05 1919–19 85 224 1,370 Little River, Maryville 269 1 951 –19 85 54.8 53 5 Obed River, Lancing 51 8 1 958 –1968 1.3 1,062 1974–19 85 South Chickamauga Creek, 428 1928–1978 88.3 698 Chickamauga 1980–19 85 63 ,50 0 31,400 78,000 57 ,400 69,700 18,000 72,600 37,200 84,400 35, 100 (Continued) q 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 5- 2 6 THE WATER ENCYCLOPEDIA: HYDROLOGIC DATA AND INTERNET RESOURCES Table 5A.2 (Continued)... 2,290 2 ,50 0 27,440 5, 990 18,400 11,800 49 ,50 0 74,300 31,000 3 15, 000 417 11 1,619 383 6, 950 5, 660 818 5. 8 3,177 78 .5 21 ,50 0 843 72 1,6 45 25, 600 10, 050 47,390 2 95, 000h 32 81 327 949 22,400 33,100 160 98 1,027 1 ,53 7 47,700 31,600 60 93 2.3 64 284 347 55 5 893 1,470 2,180 370 974 2,984 3,414 5, 950 8, 650 43,700 17,400 25, 300 42,800 98,900 83 ,50 0 102,000 116,000 10 2.3 31 916 436 2,407 25, 800 27,400 55 ,200... 109 51 8 2 ,50 0 12,000 56 ,000 260,000 1, 250 ,000 0. 65 3.1 15. 0 71.0 340 1,600 7,600 36,000 171,000 810,000 4 10 18 37 75 160 320 650 1,300 2,800 0. 15 0.29 0 .58 1.10 2.20 4.1 8.0 15. 0 29.0 55 .0 1.0 1.3 1 .5 1.8 2.3 2.7 3.3 3.9 5. 6 5. 9 Total Surface Calculated Area, AsSq Miles Discharge CFS Z WDV (thousands) 0.60 3.7 15. 6 73 380 1,800 8 ,50 0 38,000 211,000 900,000 1.2 1 .5 1.4 1 .5 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.7 1 .5 1.0 15. 0 . CHAPTER 5 Surface Water Christopher Spooner CONTENTS Section 5A Rivers . 5- 2 Section 5B Lakes . . 5- 3 9 Section 5C Waterfalls . . . . . 5- 6 4 Section 5D Glaciers and Ice . 5- 6 8 Section 5E Floods. 5E Floods . 5- 9 3 Section 5F Flood Prevention 5- 1 26 Section 5G Flood Controls Works. 5- 1 28 Section 5H Water Areas — United States . . . . . . 5- 1 30 Section 5I Oceans and Seas . 5- 1 42 5- 1 q 2006. 1,670 17, 850 189 ,50 0 19 65 1984 — — — 2. Colorado River, below Hoover Dam 171,700 19 35 1984 2 ,55 0 13 ,59 0 — (Continued) THE WATER ENCYCLOPEDIA: HYDROLOGIC DATA AND INTERNET RESOURCES5 -4 q 2006