[...]... 21. 2 .1 Data Partitioning 21. 2.2 Parallelizing Sequential Operator Evaluation Code Parallelizing Individual Operations 21. 3 .1 Bulk Loading and Scanning 540 540 543 543 544 546 548 549 550 5 51 554 555 556 558 559 559 5 61 563 564 5 71 5 71 573 576 577 578 578 579 5 81 583 586 587 588 595 597 598 600 6 01 6 01 602 602 xvii Contents 21. 4 21. 5 21. 6 21. 7 21. 8 21. 9 21. 10 21. 11 21. 12 21. 13 21. 14 21. 3.2 Sorting 21. 3.3...xvi Database Management Systems 19 .1 19.2 19 .3 19 .4 19 .5 19 .6 Lock-Based Concurrency Control Revisited 19 .1. 1 2PL, Serializability, and Recoverability 19 .1. 2 View Serializability Lock Management 19 .2 .1 Implementing Lock and Unlock Requests 19 .2.2 Deadlocks 19 .2.3 Performance of Lock-Based Concurrency Control Specialized Locking Techniques 19 .3 .1 Dynamic Databases and the Phantom Problem 19 .3.2 Concurrency... Distributed Databases 21. 5 .1 Types of Distributed Databases Distributed DBMS Architectures 21. 6 .1 Client-Server Systems 21. 6.2 Collaborating Server Systems 21. 6.3 Middleware Systems Storing Data in a Distributed DBMS 21. 7 .1 Fragmentation 21. 7.2 Replication Distributed Catalog Management 21. 8 .1 Naming Objects 21. 8.2 Catalog Structure 21. 8.3 Distributed Data Independence Distributed Query Processing 21. 9 .1 Nonjoin... 21. 13.4 Three-Phase Commit Points to Review 22 INTERNET DATABASES 22 .1 22.2 22.3 The World Wide Web 22 .1. 1 Introduction to HTML 22 .1. 2 Databases and the Web Architecture 22.2 .1 Application Servers and Server-Side Java Beyond HTML 22.3 .1 Introduction to XML 22.3.2 XML DTDs 22.3.3 Domain-Specific DTDs 22.3.4 XML-QL: Querying XML Data 602 603 606 607 607 608 608 609 609 610 610 611 611 612 612 613 614 614 ... 21. 9.2 Joins in a Distributed DBMS 21. 9.3 Cost-Based Query Optimization Updating Distributed Data 21. 10 .1 Synchronous Replication 21. 10.2 Asynchronous Replication Introduction to Distributed Transactions Distributed Concurrency Control 21. 12 .1 Distributed Deadlock Distributed Recovery 21. 13 .1 Normal Execution and Commit Protocols 21. 13.2 Restart after a Failure 21. 13.3 Two-Phase Commit Revisited 21. 13.4... 7 71 777 777 779 7 81 782 783 784 785 786 789 789 790 792 793 794 795 795 799 800 8 01 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 809 812 813 814 816 818 822 822 822 823 824 824 xxi Contents 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 28.7 28.8 28.9 A 825 825 826 827 828 829 829 DATABASE DESIGN CASE STUDY: THE INTERNET 8 31 SHOP A .1 A.2 A.3 A.4 A.5 A.6 A.7 B Mobile Databases Main Memory Databases Multimedia Databases Geographic Information Systems. .. External Sorting 13 12 Evaluation of Relational Operators Physical DB Design, Tuning Concurrency Control Transaction Mgmt Overview 23 Decision Support 24 Data Mining 25 Object -Database Systems Figure 0 .1 Hash Indexes Parallel and Distributed DBs 22 20 Crash Recovery 26 Spatial Databases A Typical Relational Optimizer 21 17 Database Security 19 18 10 14 Introduction to Query Optimization 16 15 Schema Refinement,... 668 6 71 677 678 679 680 682 682 685 689 690 6 91 692 693 693 694 694 695 696 698 699 700 7 01 702 707 707 708 709 711 713 714 714 715 716 717 xix Contents 24.4 24.5 24.6 24.7 24.8 24.3.6 The Use of Association Rules for Prediction 24.3.7 Bayesian Networks 24.3.8 Classification and Regression Rules Tree-Structured Rules 24.4 .1 Decision Trees 24.4.2 An Algorithm to Build Decision Trees Clustering 24.5 .1 A... questions against this data efficiently? (Chapters 7, 8, 9, 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , and 14 .) Later chapters cover important and rapidly evolving topics such as parallel and distributed database management, Internet databases, data warehousing and complex Introduction to Database Systems 5 queries for decision support, data mining, object databases, spatial data management, and rule-oriented DBMS extensions In the... Jones Smith Smith Madayan Guldu Figure 1. 1 login jones@cs smith@ee smith@math madayan@music guldu@music age 18 18 19 11 12 gpa 3.4 3.2 3.8 1. 8 2.0 An Instance of the Students Relation 2 Storing date of birth is preferable to storing age, since it does not change over time, unlike age We’ve used age for simplicity in our discussion Introduction to Database Systems 11 Each row in the Students relation . of I/Os 309 11 .3 .1 Blocked I/O 310 11 .3.2 Double Buffering 311 11 .4 Using B+ Trees for Sorting 312 11 .4 .1 Clustered Index 312 11 .4.2 Unclustered Index 313 11 .5 Points to Review 315 12 EVALUATION. 609 21. 7 Storing Data in a Distributed DBMS 610 21. 7 .1 Fragmentation 610 21. 7.2 Replication 611 21. 8 Distributed Catalog Management 611 21. 8 .1 Naming Objects 612 21. 8.2 Catalog Structure 612 21. 8.3. Using JDBC 15 9 5 .11 Complex Integrity Constraints in SQL-92 * 16 1 5 .11 .1 Constraints over a Single Table 16 1 5 .11 .2 Domain Constraints 16 2 5 .11 .3 Assertions: ICs over Several Tables 16 3 5 .12 Triggers