hyperaemia 138 hyperaemia hyperaemia /hapər | imiə/ noun excess blood in any part of the body hyperaesthesia hyperaesthesia /hapəris | θiziə/ noun an extremely high sensitivity in the skin hyperalgesia hyperalgesia /hapərl | diziə/ noun an increased sensitivity to pain hyperalimentation hyperalimentation /hapər | lmen | teʃ(ə)n/ noun the feeding of large amounts of nutrients by mouth or intravenously to someone with serious nutritional deficiency hyperandrogenism hyperandrogenism /hapərn | drɒdənz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which a woman produces too many androgens, associated with many problems such as hirsutism, acne, infertility and polycystic ovarian disease hyperbaric hyperbaric /hapə | brk/ adjective referring to a treatment in which someone is given oxygen at high pressure, used to treat carbon monoxide poisoning hypercalcaemia hypercalcaemia /hapəkl | simiə/ noun an excess of calcium in the blood hypercalcinuria hypercalcinuria /hapəkls | njυəriə/ noun a condition in which an unusually high amount of calcium occurs in the urine hypercapnia hypercapnia /hapə | kpniə/ noun an unusu- ally high concentration of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream hypercatabolism hypercatabolism /hapəkə | tbəlz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which the body breaks down its own tissues or a particular substance too much. It causes weight loss and wasting. hyperchloraemia hyperchloraemia /hapəklɔ | rimiə/ noun a condition in which there is too much chloride in the blood hyperchlorhydria hyperchlorhydria /hapəklɔ | hadriə/ noun an excess of hydrochloric acid in the stomach hyperdactylism hyperdactylism /hapə | dktlz(ə)m/ noun the condition of having more than the usual number of fingers or toes. Also called polydac- tylism hyperemesis hyperemesis /hapər | emss/ noun excessive vomiting (NOTE: The plural is hyperemeses.) hyperemesis gravidarum hyperemesis gravidarum /hapəremss rv | deərəm/ noun uncontrollable vomiting in pregnancy hyperextension hyperextension /hapərk | stenʃən/ noun the act of stretching an arm or leg beyond its usual limits of movement hyperflexion hyperflexion /hapə | flekʃən/ noun the act of flexing a joint beyond the usual limit ć a hyper- flexion injury hypergalactia hypergalactia /hapəə | lktiə/, hyperga- lactosis / hapə | lək | təυss/ noun a condition in which too much milk is secreted hyperglycaemia hyperglycaemia /hapəla | simiə/ noun an excess of glucose in the blood hyperhidrosis hyperhidrosis /hapəha | drəυss/ noun a condition in which too much sweat is produced hyperinsulinism hyperinsulinism /hapər | nsjυlnz(ə)m/ noun the reaction of a diabetic to an excessive dose of insulin or to hypoglycaemia hyperkalaemia hyperkalaemia /hapək | limiə/ noun a con- dition in which too much potassium occurs in the blood, which can result in cardiac arrest. Various possible causes include kidney failure and chem- otherapy. hyperkeratosis hyperkeratosis /hapəkerə | təυss/ noun a condition in which the outer layer of the skin becomes unusually thickened hyperkinesia hyperkinesia /hapək | niziə/ noun a condi- tion in which there is unusually great strength or movement hyperlipidaemia hyperlipidaemia /hapəlp | dimiə/ noun the pathological increase of the amount of lipids, or fat, in the blood hypermetropia hypermetropia /hapəm | trəυpiə/, hyper- opia / hapə | rəυpiə/ noun a condition in which someone sees more clearly objects which are a long way away, but cannot see objects which are close. Also called longsightedness, hyperopia hypernatraemia hypernatraemia /hapən | trimiə/ noun a serious condition occurring most often in babies or elderly people, in which too much sodium is present in the blood as a result of loss of water and electrolytes through diarrhoea, excessive sweat- ing, not drinking enough or excessive salt intake hypernephroma hypernephroma /hapənə | frəυmə/ noun same as Grawitz tumour hyperopia hyperopia /hapə | rəυpiə/ noun same as hypermetropia hyperostosis hyperostosis /hapərɒ | stəυss/ noun exces- sive overgrowth on the outside surface of a bone, especially the frontal bone hyperparathyroidism hyperparathyroidism /hapə | prə | θarɔdz(ə)m/ noun an unusually high concen- tration of parathyroid hormone in the body. It causes various medical problems including dam- age to the kidneys. hyperphagia hyperphagia /hapə | fediə/ noun long-term compulsive overeating hyperpiesia hyperpiesia /hapəpa | iziə/ noun same as hypertension hyperpituitarism hyperpituitarism /hapə | ptjutərz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which the pituitary gland is overactive hyperplasia hyperplasia /hapə | pleziə/ noun a condition in which there is an increase in the number of cells in an organ hyperpyrexia hyperpyrexia /hapəpa | reksiə/ noun a body temperature of above 41.1°C hypersecretion hypersecretion /hapəs | kriʃ(ə)n/ noun a condition in which too much of a substance is secreted hypersensitive hypersensitive /hapə | senstv/ adjective referring to a person who reacts more strongly than usual to an antigen Nursing.fm Page 138 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 139 hypodermic needle hypersensitivity hypersensitivity /hapəsens | tvti/ noun a condition in which someone reacts very strongly to something such as an allergic substance ć her hypersensitivity to dust ć Anaphylactic shock shows hypersensitivity to an injection. hypersplenism hypersplenism /hapə | splenz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which too many red blood cells are destroyed by the spleen, which is often enlarged hypertelorism hypertelorism /hapə | telərz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which there is too much space between two organs or parts of the body hypertension hypertension /hapə | tenʃən/ noun arterial blood pressure that is higher than the usual range for gender and age. Also called high blood pres- sure, hyperpiesia . Compare hypotension hypertensive hypertensive /hapə | tensv/ adjective refer- ring to high blood pressure hypertensive headache hypertensive headache /hapətensv hedek/ noun a headache caused by high blood pressure hyperthermia hyperthermia /hapə | θmiə/ noun a very high body temperature hyperthyroidism hyperthyroidism /hapə | θarɔdz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which the thyroid gland is too active and releases unusual amounts of thyroid hormones into the blood, giving rise to a rapid heartbeat, sweating and trembling. It can be treated with carbimazole. Also called thyrotoxi- cosis hypertonia hypertonia /hapə | təυniə/ noun an increased rigidity and spasticity of the muscles hypertonic hypertonic /hapə | tɒnk/ adjective 1. refer- ring to a solution which has a higher osmotic pressure than another specified solution 2. refer- ring to a muscle which is under unusually high tension hypertrichosis hypertrichosis /hapətr | kəυss/ noun a con- dition in which someone has excessive growth of hair on the body or on part of the body hypertrophic hypertrophic /hapə | trɒfk/ adjective associ- ated with hypertrophy hypertrophy hypertrophy /ha | ptrəfi/ noun an increase in the number or size of cells in a tissue hyperventilation hyperventilation /hapəvent | leʃ(ə)n/ noun very fast breathing which can be accompanied by dizziness or tetany hypervitaminosis hypervitaminosis /hapə | vtəm | nəυss/ noun a condition caused by taking too many syn- thetic vitamins, especially Vitamins A and D hypervolaemia hypervolaemia /hapəvɒ | limiə/ noun a con- dition in which there is too much plasma in the blood hyphaema hyphaema /ha | fimiə/ noun bleeding into the front chamber of the eye hypn- hypn- /hpn/ prefix referring to sleep hypnosis hypnosis /hp | nəυss/ noun a state like sleep, but caused artificially, where a person can remem- ber forgotten events in the past and will do what- ever the hypnotist tells him or her to do hypnotherapy hypnotherapy /hpnəυ | θerəpi/ noun treat- ment by hypnosis, used in treating some addic- tions hypnotic hypnotic /hp | nɒtk/ adjective 1. relating to hypnosis and hypnotism 2. referring to a state which is like sleep but which is caused artificially 3. referring to a drug which causes sleep hypnotism hypnotism /hpnətz(ə)m/ noun the tech- niques used to induce hypnosis hypo hypo /hapəυ/ noun (informal) 1. same as hypodermic syringe 2. an attack of hypoglycae- mia, experienced, e.g., by people who are diabetic hypo- hypo- /hapəυ/ prefix less, too little or beneath hypoaesthesia hypoaesthesia /hapəυis | θiziə/ noun a condition in which someone has a diminished sense of touch hypocalcaemia hypocalcaemia /hapəυkl | simiə/ noun an unusually low amount of calcium in the blood, which can cause tetany hypocapnia hypocapnia /hapəυ | kpniə/ noun a condi- tion in which there is not enough carbon dioxide in the blood hypochloraemia hypochloraemia /hapəυklɔ | rimiə/ noun a condition in which there are not enough chlorine ions in the blood hypochlorhydria hypochlorhydria /hapəυklɔ | hadriə/ noun a condition in which there is not enough hydro- chloric acid in the stomach hypochondria hypochondria /hapəυ | kɒndriə/ noun a con- dition in which a person is too worried about his or her own health and believes he or she is ill hypochondriac hypochondriac /hapəυ | kɒndrik/ noun a person who worries about his or her health too much hypochondriac region hypochondriac region /hapəυ | kɒndrik ridən / noun one of two parts of the upper abdomen, on either side of the epigastrium below the floating ribs hypochondrium hypochondrium /hapəυ | kɒndriəm/ noun one of the two hypochondriac regions in the upper part of the abdomen hypochromic hypochromic /hapəυ | krəυmk/ adjective referring to blood cells or body tissue which do not have the usual amount of pigmentation ć hypochromic scars hypodermic hypodermic /hapə | dmk/ adjective beneath the skin í noun a hypodermic syringe, needle or injection (informal) hypodermic injection hypodermic injection /hapədmk n | dekʃən/ noun an injection of a liquid, e.g. a painkilling drug, beneath the skin. Also called subcutaneous injection hypodermic needle hypodermic needle /hapədmk nid(ə)l/ noun a needle for injecting liquid under the skin Nursing.fm Page 139 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM hypodermic syringe 140 hypodermic syringe hypodermic syringe /hapədmk s | rnd/ noun a syringe fitted with a hypodermic needle for injecting liquid under the skin hypofibrinogenaemia hypofibrinogenaemia /hapəυ | fbrnəυdə | nimiə/ noun a condition in which there is not enough fibrinogen in the blood, e.g. because of several blood transfusions or as an inherited con- dition hypogammaglobulinaemia hypogammaglobulinaemia /hapəυmə | lɒbjυln | imiə/ noun an unusually low concen- tration of gamma globulin in the blood that causes an immune deficiency. It may be present from birth or acquired later in life. hypogastrium hypogastrium /hapə | striəm/ noun the part of the abdomen beneath the stomach hypoglossal hypoglossal /hapəυ | lɒsəl/ adjective 1. underneath or on the lower side of the tongue 2. relating to the hypoglossal nerve hypoglossal nerve hypoglossal nerve /hapə | lɒs(ə)l nv/ noun the twelfth cranial nerve which governs the muscles of the tongue hypoglycaemia hypoglycaemia /hapəυla | simiə/ noun a low concentration of glucose in the blood hypoglycaemic hypoglycaemic /hapəυla | simk/ adjec- tive having hypoglycaemia hypoglycaemic coma hypoglycaemic coma /hapəυla | simk kəυmə/ noun a state of unconsciousness affect- ing diabetics after taking an overdose of insulin hypohidrosis hypohidrosis /hapəυha | drəυss/, hypoid- rosis / hapəυ | drəυss/ noun a condition in which someone produces too little sweat hypoinsulinism hypoinsulinism /hapəυ | nsjυlnz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which the body does not have enough insulin, often because of a problem with the pancreas hypokalaemia hypokalaemia /hapəυk | limiə/ noun a deficiency of potassium in the blood hypomania hypomania /hapəυ | meniə/ noun a state of mild mania or overexcitement, especially when part of a manic-depressive cycle hypometropia hypometropia /hapəυm | trəυpiə/ noun same as myopia hyponatraemia hyponatraemia /hapəυn | trimiə/ noun a lack of sodium in the body hypoparathyroidism hypoparathyroidism /hapəυ | prə | θarɔdz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which the parathyroid glands do not secrete enough parath- yroid hormone, leading to low blood calcium and muscle spasms hypopharynx hypopharynx /hapəυ | frŋks/ noun the part of the pharynx between the hyoid bone and the bottom of the cricoid cartilage (NOTE: The plural is hypopharynxes or hypopharynges.) hypophyseal hypophyseal /hapə | fziəl/ adjective refer- ring to the pituitary gland hypophysectomy hypophysectomy /ha | pɒf | sektəmi/ noun the surgical removal of the pituitary gland hypophysis cerebri hypophysis cerebri /ha | pɒfəss serəbri/ noun same as pituitary gland hypopiesis hypopiesis /hapəυpa | ss/ noun a condi- tion in which the blood pressure is too low hypopituitarism hypopituitarism /hapəυp | tjutərz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which the pituitary gland is underactive hypoplasia hypoplasia /hapəυ | pleziə/ noun a lack of development or incorrect formation of a body tis- sue or an organ hypoplastic left heart hypoplastic left heart /hapəυ | plstk left hɑt/ noun a serious heart disorder in which the left side of the heart does not develop properly, leading to death within six weeks of birth unless surgery is performed hypoproteinaemia hypoproteinaemia /hapəυprəυt | nimiə/ noun a condition in which there is not enough protein in the blood hypoprothrombinaemia hypoprothrombinaemia /hapəυprəυ | θrɒmb | nimiə/ noun a condition in which there is not enough prothrombin in the blood, so that the person bleeds and bruises easily hypopyon hypopyon /hapə | paən/ noun an accumula- tion of pus in the aqueous humour in the front chamber of the eye hyposensitive hyposensitive /hapəυ | senstv/ adjective being less sensitive than usual hypospadias hypospadias /hapə | spediəs/ noun a con- genital condition of the wall of the male urethra or the vagina, so that the opening occurs on the under side of the penis or in the vagina. Compare epispadias hypostasis hypostasis /ha | pɒstəss/ noun a condition in which fluid accumulates in part of the body because of poor circulation hypostatic hypostatic /hapəυ | sttk/ adjective refer- ring to hypostasis hypostatic eczema hypostatic eczema /hapəυsttk eksmə/ noun same as varicose eczema hypostatic pneumonia hypostatic pneumonia /hapəυsttk nju | məυniə/ noun pneumonia caused by fluid accu- mulating in the lungs of a bedridden person with a weak heart hyposthenia hyposthenia /hapɒs | θiniə/ noun a condition of unusual bodily weakness hypotension hypotension /hapəυ | tenʃən/ noun a condi- tion in which the pressure of the blood is unusu- ally low. Also called low blood pressure. Com- pare hypertension hypotensive hypotensive /hapə | tensv/ adjective having low blood pressure hypothalamic hypothalamic /hapəυθə | lmk/ adjective referring to the hypothalamus hypothalamic hormone hypothalamic hormone /hapəυθə | lmk hɔməυn/ noun same as releasing hormone hypothalamus hypothalamus /hapəυ | θləməs/ noun the part of the brain above the pituitary gland, which controls the production of hormones by the pitui- Nursing.fm Page 140 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 141 hysterotrachelorrhaphy tary gland and regulates important bodily func- tions such as hunger, thirst and sleep. See illustra- tion at BRAIN in Supplement hypothalmus hypothalmus /hapəυ | θlməs/ noun same as hypothalamus (NOTE: The plural is hypothal- muses or hypothalmi.) hypothenar hypothenar /ha | pɒθnə/ adjective referring to the soft fat part of the palm beneath the little fin- ger hypothenar eminence hypothenar eminence /ha | pɒθnə emnəns / noun a lump on the palm beneath the little finger. Compare thenar hypothermia hypothermia /hapəυ | θmiə/ noun a reduc- tion in body temperature below normal, for med- ical purposes taken to be below 35°C hypothesis hypothesis /ha | pɒθəss/ noun a suggested explanation for an observation or experimental result, which is then refined or disproved by fur- ther investigation hypothyroidism hypothyroidism /hapəυ | θarɔdz(ə)m/ noun underactivity of the thyroid gland hypotonia hypotonia /hapəυ | təυniə/ noun reduced tone of the skeletal muscles hypotonic hypotonic /hapəυ | tɒnk/ adjective 1. show- ing hypotonia 2. referring to a solution with a lower osmotic pressure than plasma hypotrichosis hypotrichosis /hapəυtr | kəυss/ noun a condition in which less hair develops than usual. Compare alopecia (NOTE: The plural is hypotri- choses.) hypotropia hypotropia /hapəυ | trəυpiə/ noun a form of squint where one eye looks downwards hypoventilation hypoventilation /hapəυvent | leʃ(ə)n/ noun very slow breathing hypovitaminosis hypovitaminosis /hapəυ | vtəm | nəυss/ noun a lack of vitamins hypoxaemia hypoxaemia /hapɒk | simiə/ noun an inade- quate supply of oxygen in the arterial blood hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl trans- ferase /hapəυznθin fɒsfə | rbəsl trnsfəres / noun full form of HPRT hypoxia hypoxia /ha | pɒksiə/ noun 1. an inadequate supply of oxygen to tissue as a result of a lack of oxygen in the arterial blood 2. same as hypoxae- mia hyster- hyster- /hstə/ prefix same as hystero- (used before vowels) hysteralgia hysteralgia /hstər | ldə/ noun pain in the uterus hysterectomy hysterectomy /hstə | rektəmi/ noun the sur- gical removal of the uterus, often either to treat cancer or because of the presence of fibroids hysteria hysteria /h | stəriə/ noun a term formerly used in psychiatry, but now informally used for a con- dition in which the person appears unstable, and may scream and wave their arms about, but also is repressed, and may be slow to react to outside stimuli (dated) hysterical hysterical /h | sterk(ə)l/ adjective referring to a reaction showing hysteria (informal) hysterics hysterics /h | sterks/ noun an attack of hyste- ria (dated) hystero- hystero- /hstərəυ/ prefix referring to the uterus hystero-oöphorectomy hystero-oöphorectomy /hstərəυ əυəfə | rektəmi/ noun the surgical removal of the uterus, the uterine tubes and the ovaries hysteroptosis hysteroptosis /hstərɒp | təυss/ noun pro- lapse of the uterus hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography /hsterəυ | slpŋəυ kɒntrɑst sɒn | ɒrəfi/ noun examination of the uterus and Fallopian tubes by ultrasound. Abbreviation HYCOSY hysterosalpingography hysterosalpingography /hstərəυ | slpŋ | ɒrəfi/ noun an X-ray examination of the uterus and Fallopian tubes following injection of radio-opaque material. Also called uterosalp- ingography hysterosalpingosonography hysterosalpingosonography /hstərəυ | slpŋəυsə | nɒrəfi/ noun examination of the uterus and Fallopian tubes by ultrasound hysterosalpingostomy hysterosalpingostomy /hstərəυ | slpŋ | ɒstəmi/ noun an operation to remake an open- ing between the uterine tube and the uterus, to help with infertility problems hysteroscope hysteroscope /hstərəskəυp/ noun a tube for inspecting the inside of the uterus hysteroscopy hysteroscopy /hstə | rɒskəpi/ noun an exam- ination of the uterine cavity using a hysteroscope or fibrescope hysterotomy hysterotomy /hstə | rɒtəmi/ noun a surgical incision into the uterus, as in caesarean section or for some types of abortion hysterotrachelorrhaphy hysterotrachelorrhaphy /hstərəυ | trkiə | lɒrəfi/ noun an operation to repair a tear in the cervix Nursing.fm Page 141 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM I -iasis -iasis /aəss/ suffix disease caused by some- thing ć amoebiasis iatro- iatro- /atrəυ/ prefix relating to medicine or doctors iatrogenesis iatrogenesis /a | trəυ | denəss/ noun any condition caused by the actions of doctors or other healthcare professionals iatrogenic iatrogenic /a | trə | denk/ adjective referring to a condition which is caused by a doctor’s treat- ment for another disease or condition ć an iatro- genic infection IBS IBS abbreviation irritable bowel syndrome ibuprofen ibuprofen /abju | prəυfən/ noun a nonsteroi- dal anti-inflammatory drug that relieves pain and swelling, especially in arthritis and rheumatism. It is also widely used as a household painkiller. ice pack ice pack /as pk/ noun a cold compress made of lumps of ice wrapped in a cloth, and pressed on a swelling or bruise to reduce the pain ichthamol ichthamol /k | θmɒl/ noun a thick dark red liquid which is a mild antiseptic and analgesic, used in the treatment of skin diseases ichthyosis ichthyosis /kθ | əυss/ noun a hereditary con- dition in which the skin does not form properly, resulting in a dry, non-inflammatory and scaly appearance ICM ICM abbreviation International Confederation of Midwives ICN ICN abbreviation 1. International Council of Nurses 2. infection control nurse ICP ICP abbreviation intracranial pressure ICRC ICRC abbreviation International Committee of the Red Cross ICSH ICSH abbreviation interstitial cell stimulating hormone icteric icteric /k | terk/ adjective referring to someone with jaundice icterus icterus /ktərəs/ noun same as jaundice icterus gravis neonatorum icterus gravis neonatorum /ktərəs rvs niəυnə | tɔrəm/ noun jaundice associ- ated with erythroblastosis fetalis ictus ictus /ktəs/ noun a stroke or fit ICU ICU abbreviation intensive care unit id id /d/ noun (in Freudian psychology) the basic unconscious drives which exist in hidden forms in a person ideation ideation /adi | eʃ(ə)n/ noun the act or process of imagining or forming thoughts and ideas identical twins identical twins /a | dentk(ə)l twnz/ plural noun twins who are exactly the same in appear- ance because they developed from the same ovum. Also called monozygotic twins, uniovu- lar twins identification identification /a | dentf | keʃ(ə)n/ noun the act of discovering or stating who someone is or what something is ideo- ideo- /adiəυ/ prefix involving ideas idio- idio- /diəυ/ prefix referring to one particular person idiopathic idiopathic /diə | pθk/ adjective referring to idiopathy idiopathic epilepsy idiopathic epilepsy /diəpθk ep | lepsi/ noun epilepsy not caused by a brain disorder, beginning during childhood or adolescence idiopathy idiopathy /di | ɒpəθi/ noun a condition which develops without any known cause idiosyncrasy idiosyncrasy /diəυ | sŋkrəsi/ noun a way of behaving which is particular to one person idiot savant idiot savant /diəυ svɒŋ/ noun a person with learning difficulties who also possesses a single particular mental ability, such as the ability to play music by ear, to draw remembered objects or to do mental calculations, which is very highly developed idioventricular idioventricular /diəυven | trkjυlə/ adjective relating to the ventricles of the heart idioventricular rhythm idioventricular rhythm /diəυven | trkjυlə rð(ə)m / noun a slow natural rhythm in the ven- tricles of the heart, but not in the atria IDK IDK abbreviation internal derangement of the knee Ig Ig abbreviation immunoglobulin Ig A antiendomysial antibody Ig A antiendomysial antibody /a di e ntiendəυ | masiəl ntbɒdi/ noun a serolog- ical screening test for coeliac disease IHD IHD abbreviation ischaemic heart disease IL-1 IL-1 abbreviation interleukin-1 IL-2 IL-2 abbreviation interleukin-2 Nursing.fm Page 142 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 143 imagine ile- ile- /li/ prefix same as ileo- (used before vowels) ileal ileal /liəl/ adjective referring to the ileum ileal bladder ileal bladder /liəl bldə/, ileal conduit / liəl kɒndjut/ noun an artificial tube formed when the ureters are linked to part of the ileum, and that part is linked to an opening in the abdom- inal wall ileal pouch ileal pouch /liəl paυtʃ/ noun a part of the small intestine which is made into a new rectum in a surgical operation, freeing someone from the need for an ileostomy after their colon is removed ileectomy ileectomy /li | ektəmi/ noun the surgical removal of all or part of the ileum ileitis ileitis /li | ats/ noun inflammation of the ileum ileo- ileo- /liəυ/ prefix relating to the ileum ileocaecal ileocaecal /liəυ | sik(ə)l/ adjective referring to the ileum and the caecum ileocaecal orifice ileocaecal orifice /liəυsik(ə)l ɒrfs/ noun an opening where the small intestine joins the large intestine ileocaecal valve ileocaecal valve /liəυsik(ə)l vlv/ noun a valve at the end of the ileum, which allows food to pass from the ileum into the caecum ileocaecocystoplasty ileocaecocystoplasty /liəυ | sikəυ | satəυplsti/ noun an operation to reconstruct the bladder using a piece of the combined ileum and caecum ileocolic ileocolic /liəυ | kɒlk/ adjective referring to both the ileum and the colon ileocolic artery ileocolic artery /liəυkɒlk ɑtəri/ noun a branch of the superior mesenteric artery ileocolitis ileocolitis /liəυkə | lats/ noun inflammation of both the ileum and the colon ileocolostomy ileocolostomy /liəυkə | lɒstəmi/ noun a sur- gical operation to make a link directly between the ileum and the colon ileoproctostomy ileoproctostomy /liəυprɒk | tɒstəmi/ noun a surgical operation to create a link between the ileum and the rectum ileorectal ileorectal /liəυ | rekt(ə)l/ adjective referring to both the ileum and the rectum ileosigmoidostomy ileosigmoidostomy /liəυsmɔ | dɒstəmi/ noun a surgical operation to create a link between the ileum and the sigmoid colon ileostomy ileostomy /li | ɒstəmi/ noun a surgical opera- tion to make an opening between the ileum and the abdominal wall to act as an artificial opening for excretion of faeces ileostomy bag ileostomy bag /li | ɒstəmi b/ noun a bag attached to the opening made by an ileostomy, to collect faeces as they are passed out of the body ileum ileum /liəm/ noun the lower part of the small intestine, between the jejunum and the caecum. Compare ilium. See illustration at DIGESTIVE SYS- TEM in Supplement (NOTE: The plural is ilea.) ileus ileus /liəs/ noun obstruction of the intestine, usually distension caused by loss of muscular action in the bowel. ı paralytic ileus ili- ili- /li/ prefix same as ilio- (used before vowels) iliac iliac /lik/ adjective referring to the ilium iliac crest iliac crest /lik krest/ noun a curved top edge of the ilium. See illustration at PELVIS in Supplement iliac fossa iliac fossa /lik fɒsə/ noun a depression on the inner side of the hip bone iliac region iliac region /lik ridən/ noun one of two regions of the lower abdomen, on either side of the hypogastrium iliac spine iliac spine /lik span/ noun a projection at the posterior end of the iliac crest ilio- ilio- /liəυ/ prefix relating to the ilium iliococcygeal iliococcygeal /liəυkɒk | sdiəl/ adjective referring to both the ilium and the coccyx iliolumbar iliolumbar /liəυ | lmbə/ adjective referring to the iliac and lumbar regions iliopectineal iliopectineal /liəυpek | tniəl/ adjective refer- ring to both the ilium and the pubis iliopectineal eminence iliopectineal eminence /liəυpek | tniəl emnəns/ noun a raised area on the inner surface of the innominate bone iliopubic iliopubic /liəυ | pjubk/ adjective same as ili- opectineal iliopubic eminence iliopubic eminence /liəυ | pjubk emnəns/ noun same as iliopectineal emi- nence ilium ilium /liəm/ noun the top part of each of the hip bones, which form the pelvis. Compare ileum. See illustration at PELVIS in Supplement (NOTE: The plural is ilia.) ill ill /l/ adjective not well ć If you feel very ill you ought to see a doctor. illness illness /lnəs/ noun 1. a state of not being well ć Most of the children stayed away from school because of illness. 2. a type of disease ć Scarlet fever is no longer considered to be a very serious illness. ć He is in hospital with an infectious trop- ical illness. illusion illusion / | lu(ə)n/ noun a condition in which a person has a wrong perception of external objects i.m. i.m., IM abbreviation intramuscular image image /md/ noun a sensation, e.g. a smell, sight or taste, which is remembered clearly imagery imagery /mdəri/ noun visual sensations clearly produced in the mind imaginary imaginary / | mdn(ə)ri/ adjective referring to something which does not exist but is imagined imagination imagination / | md | neʃ(ə)n/ noun the abil- ity to see or invent things in your mind ć In her imagination she saw herself sitting on a beach in the sun. imagine imagine / | mdn/ verb to see, hear or feel something in your mind ć Imagine yourself sit- ting on the beach in the sun. ć I thought I heard someone shout, but I must have imagined it because there is no one there. Nursing.fm Page 143 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM imaging 144 imaging imaging /mdŋ/ noun a technique for creat- ing pictures of sections of the body, using scan- ners attached to computers imbalance imbalance /m | bləns/ noun a situation in which things are unequal or in the wrong propor- tions to one another, e.g. in the diet imipramine imipramine / | mprəmin/ noun a drug that is used as a treatment for depression immature immature /mə | tʃυə/ adjective not mature, lacking insight and emotional stability immature cell immature cell /mətʃυə sel/ noun a cell which is still developing immaturity immaturity /mə | tʃυərti/ noun behaviour which is lacking in maturity immobilisation immobilisation / | məυbla | zeʃ(ə)n/, immo- bilization noun the act of preventing somebody or something from being able to move immobilise immobilise / | məυblaz/, immobilize verb 1. to keep someone from moving 2. to attach a splint to a joint or fractured limb to prevent the bones from moving immune immune / | mjun/ adjective protected against an infection or allergic disease ć She seems to be immune to colds. ć The injection should make you immune to yellow fever. immune deficiency immune deficiency / | mjun d | fʃ(ə)nsi/ noun a lack of immunity to a disease. ı AIDS immune reaction immune reaction / | mjun ri | kʃən/, immune response /  | mjun r | spɒns/ noun a reaction of a body to an antigen immune system immune system / | mjun sstəm/ noun a complex network of cells and cell products, which protects the body from disease. It includes the thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, white blood cells and antibodies. immunisation immunisation /mjυna | zeʃ(ə)n/, immuni- zation noun the process of making a person immune to an infection, either by injecting an antiserum, passive immunisation or by inocula- tion immunise immunise /mjυnaz/, immunize verb to give someone immunity from an infection. ı vacci- nate ( NOTE: You immunise someone against a disease.) immunity immunity / | mjunti/ noun the ability to resist attacks of a disease because antibodies are pro- duced ć The vaccine gives immunity to tubercu- losis. immuno- immuno- /mjυnəυ, mjunəυ/ prefix immune, immunity immunoassay immunoassay /mjυnəυ | se/ noun a test for the presence and strength of antibodies immunocompetence immunocompetence /mjυnəυ | kɒmptəns/ noun the ability to develop an immune response following exposure to an anti- gen immunocompromised immunocompromised /mjυnəυ | kɒmprəmazd/ adjective not able to offer resist- ance to infection immunodeficiency immunodeficiency /mjυnəυd | fʃ(ə)nsi/ noun a lack of immunity to a disease immunodeficiency virus immunodeficiency virus /mjυnəυd | fʃ(ə)nsi varəs/ noun a retrovirus which attacks the immune system immunodeficient immunodeficient /mjυnəυd | fʃ(ə)nt/ adjective lacking immunity to a disease ć This form of meningitis occurs in persons who are immunodeficient. immunogenic immunogenic /mjυnəυ | denk/ adjective producing an immune response immunogenicity immunogenicity /mjυnəυdə | nsti/ noun the property which makes a substance able to pro- duce an immune response in an organism immunoglobulin immunoglobulin /mjυnəυ | lɒbjυln/ noun an antibody, a protein produced in blood plasma as protection against infection, the commonest being gamma globulin. Abbreviation Ig (NOTE: The five main classes are called: immunoglob- ulin G, A, D, E and M or IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE and IgM.) immunological immunological /mjυnə | lɒdk(ə)l/ adjec- tive referring to immunology immunologist immunologist /mjυ | nɒlədst/ noun a spe- cialist in immunology immunology immunology /mjυ | nɒlədi/ noun the study of immunity and immunisation immunosuppressant immunosuppressant /mjυnəυ | sə | pres(ə)nt/ noun a drug used to act against the response of the immune system to reject a trans- planted organ immunosuppression immunosuppression /mjυnəυ | sə | preʃ(ə)n/ noun the suppression of the body’s natural immune system so that it will not reject a transplanted organ immunosuppressive immunosuppressive /mjυnəυ | sə | presv/ noun a drug used to counteract the response of the immune system to reject a transplanted organ í adjective counteracting the immune system immunotherapy immunotherapy /mjυnəυ | θerəpi/ noun  adoptive immunotherapy immunotransfusion immunotransfusion /mjυnəυ | trns | fju(ə)n/ noun a transfusion of blood, serum or plasma containing immune bodies Imodium Imodium / | məυdiəm/ a trade name for Iopera- mide hydrochloride impacted impacted /m | pktd/ adjective tightly pressed or firmly lodged against something impacted faeces impacted faeces /m | pktd fisiz/ plural noun extremely hard dry faeces which cannot pass through the anus and have to be surgically removed impacted fracture impacted fracture /m | pktd frktʃə/ noun a fracture where the broken parts of the bones are pushed into each other Nursing.fm Page 144 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 145 incidence rate impacted tooth impacted tooth /m | pktd tuθ/ noun a tooth which is held against another tooth and so cannot grow normally impacted ureteric calculus impacted ureteric calculus /m | pktd jυərterk klkjυləs/ noun a small hard mass of mineral salts which is lodged in a ureter impaction impaction /m | pkʃən/ noun a condition in which things are closely pressed together and cannot develop or move normally impair impair /m | peə/ verb to harm a sense or function so that it does not work properly impaired hearing impaired hearing /m | peəd hərŋ/ noun hearing which is not clear and sharp impaired vision impaired vision /m | peəd v(ə)n/ noun eye- sight which is not fully clear impairment impairment /m | peəmənt/ noun a condition in which a sense or function is harmed so that it does not work properly ć His hearing impairment does not affect his work. ć The impairment was progressive, but she did not notice that her eye- sight was getting worse. impalpable impalpable /m | plpəb(ə)l/ adjective not able to be felt when touched impediment impediment /m | pedmənt/ noun an obstruc- tion imperforate imperforate /m | pf(ə)rət/ adjective without an opening imperforate anus imperforate anus /m | pf(ə)rət enəs/ noun same as proctatresia imperforate hymen imperforate hymen /m | pf(ə)rət hamen/ noun a membrane in the vagina which is missing the opening for the menstrual flow impermeable impermeable /m | pmiəb(ə)l/ adjective not allowing liquids or gases to pass through impetigo impetigo /mp | taəυ/ noun an irritating and very contagious skin disease caused by staphylo- cocci, which spreads rapidly and is easily passed from one child to another, but can be treated with antibiotics implant implant noun /mplɑnt/ something grafted or inserted into a person, e.g. tissue, a drug, inert material or a device such as a pacemaker í verb / m | plɑnt/ 1. to fix into something ć The ovum implants in the wall of the uterus. 2. to graft or insert tissue, a drug, inert material or a device ć The site was implanted with the biomaterial. implantation implantation /mplɑn | teʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the act of grafting or inserting tissue, a drug, inert material or a device into a person, or the introduc- tion of one tissue into another surgically 2. a place in or on the body where an implant is positioned 3. same as nidation implant site implant site /mplɑnt sat/ noun a place in or on the body where the implant is positioned implosion implosion /m | pləυ(ə)n/ noun the violent inward collapse of a hollow structure. It happens when the pressure outside the structure is greater than the pressure inside it. impotence impotence /mpət(ə)ns/ noun the inability in a male to have an erection or to ejaculate, and so have sexual intercourse impotent impotent /mpət(ə)nt/ adjective (of a man) unable to have sexual intercourse impregnate impregnate /mprenet/ verb 1. to make a female pregnant 2. to soak a cloth with a liquid ć a cloth impregnated with antiseptic impregnation impregnation /mpre | neʃ(ə)n/ noun the action of impregnating impression impression /m | preʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. a mould of a person’s jaw made by a dentist before making a denture 2. a depression on an organ or structure into which another organ or structure fits impulse impulse /mpls/ noun 1. a message transmit- ted by a nerve 2. a sudden feeling of wanting to act in a specific way in- in- /n/ prefix 1. in, into, towards 2. not inaccessible inaccessible /nək | sesb(ə)l/ adjective 1. physically difficult or impossible to reach 2. very technical and difficult to understand inanition inanition /nə | nʃ(ə)n/ noun a state of exhaus- tion caused by starvation inarticulate inarticulate /nɑ | tkjυlət/ adjective 1. with- out joints or segments, as in the bones of the skull 2. unable to speak fluently or intelligibly 3. not understandable as speech or language in articulo mortis in articulo mortis /n ɑ | tkjυləυ mɔts/ adverb a Latin phrase meaning ‘at the onset of death’ inborn inborn /n | bɔn/ adjective congenital, which is in the body from birth ć A body has an inborn tendency to reject transplanted organs. inbreeding inbreeding /nbridŋ/ noun a situation where closely related males and females, or those with very similar genetic make-up, have children together, so allowing congenital conditions to be passed on incapacitated incapacitated /nkə | pstetd/ adjective not able to act or work ć He was incapacitated for three weeks by his accident. incarcerated incarcerated /n | kɑsəretd/ adjective refer- ring to a hernia which cannot be corrected by physical manipulation inception rate inception rate /n | sepʃən ret/ noun the number of new cases of a disease during a period of time, per thousand of population incest incest /nsest/ noun an act of sexual inter- course or other sexual activity with so close a rel- ative, that it is illegal or culturally not allowed incidence incidence /nsd(ə)ns/ noun the number of times something happens in a specific population over a period of time ć the incidence of drug- related deaths ć Men have a higher incidence of strokes than women. incidence rate incidence rate /nsd(ə)ns ret/ noun the number of new cases of a disease during a given period, per thousand of population Nursing.fm Page 145 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM incipient 146 incipient incipient /n | spiənt/ adjective just beginning or in its early stages ć He has an incipient appen- dicitis. ć The tests detected incipient diabetes mellitus. incision incision /n | s(ə)n/ noun a cut in a person’s body made by a surgeon using a scalpel, or any cut made with a sharp knife or razor ć The first incision is made two millimetres below the second rib. Compare excision incisional incisional /n | s(ə)n(ə)l/ adjective referring to an incision incisional hernia incisional hernia /n | s(ə)n(ə)l hniə/ noun a hernia which breaks through the abdomi- nal wall at a place where a surgical incision was made during an operation incisor incisor /n | sazə/, incisor tooth /n | sazə tuθ/ noun one of the front teeth, of which there are four each in the upper and lower jaws, which are used to cut off pieces of food. See illustration at TEETH in Supplement inclusion inclusion /n | klu(ə)n/ noun something enclosed inside something else inclusion bodies inclusion bodies /n | klu(ə)n bɒdiz/ plural noun very small particles found in cells infected by a virus inclusive inclusive /n | klusv/ adjective (of health serv- ices) provided whether or not someone has a dis- ability or special needs incompatibility incompatibility /nkəmpt | blti/ noun the fact of being incompatible ć the incompatibility of the donor’s blood with that of the patient incompatible incompatible /nkəm | ptb(ə)l/ adjective 1. referring to something which does not go together with something else 2. referring to drugs which must not be used together because they undergo chemical change and the therapeutic effect is lost or changed to something undesirable 3. referring to tissue which is genetically different from other tissue, making it impossible to transplant into that tissue incompatible blood incompatible blood /nkəmptəb(ə)l bld / noun blood from a donor that does not match the blood of the person receiving the trans- fusion incompetence incompetence /nkɒmpt(ə)ns/ noun the ina- bility to do a particular act, especially a lack of knowledge or skill which makes a person unable to do particular job incompetent cervix incompetent cervix /n | kɒmpt(ə)nt svks/ noun a dysfunctional cervix of the uterus which is often the cause of spontaneous abortions and premature births and can be reme- died by purse-string stitching incomplete abortion incomplete abortion /nkəmplit ə | bɔʃ(ə)n/ noun an abortion where part of the contents of the uterus is not expelled incontinence incontinence /n | kɒntnəns/ noun the inabil- ity to control the discharge of urine or faeces (NOTE: Single incontinence is the inability to con- trol the bladder. Double incontinence is the ina- bility to control both the bladder and the bowels.) incontinence pad incontinence pad /n | kɒntnəns pd/ noun a pad of material to absorb urine incontinent incontinent /n | kɒntnənt/ adjective unable to control the discharge of urine or faeces incoordination incoordination /nkəυɔd | neʃ(ə)n/ noun a situation in which the muscles in various parts of the body do not act together, making it impossible to carry out some actions incubation incubation /ŋkjυ | beʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the development of an infection inside the body before the symptoms of the disease appear 2. the keeping of an ill or premature baby in a controlled environment in an incubator 3. the process of cul- turing cells or microorganisms under controlled conditions incubation period incubation period /ŋkjυ | beʃ(ə)n pəriəd/ noun the time during which a virus or bacterium develops in the body after contamination or infec- tion, before the appearance of the symptoms of the disease. Also called stadium invasioni incubator incubator /ŋkjυbetə/ noun 1. an apparatus for growing bacterial cultures 2. an enclosed con- tainer in which a premature baby can be kept, within which conditions such as temperature and oxygen levels can be controlled incurable incurable /n | kjυərəb(ə)l/ adjective who or which cannot be cured ć He is suffering from an incurable disease of the blood. í noun a patient who will never be cured ć She has been admitted to a hospital for incurables. incus incus /ŋkəs/ noun one of the three ossicles in the middle ear, shaped like an anvil. See illustra- tion at EAR in Supplement independent independent /nd | pendənt/ adjective not controlled by someone or something else independent nursing function independent nursing function /ndpendənt nsŋ fŋkʃən/ noun any part of the nurse’s job for which the nurse takes full responsibility Inderal Inderal /ndərl/ a trade name for propranolol index finger index finger /ndeks fŋə/ noun the first fin- ger next to the thumb indication indication /nd | keʃ(ə)n/ noun a situation or sign which suggests that a specific treatment should be given or that a condition has a particular cause ć Sulpha drugs have been replaced by anti- biotics in many indications. ı contraindication indicator indicator /ndketə/ noun 1. a substance which shows something, e.g. a substance secreted in body fluids which shows which blood group a person belongs to 2. something that serves as a warning or guide indigenous indigenous /n | ddnəs/ adjective 1. natural or inborn 2. native to or representative of a coun- try or region indigestion indigestion /nd | destʃən/ noun a distur- bance of the normal process of digestion, where Nursing.fm Page 146 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 147 inferior aspect the person experiences pain or discomfort in the stomach ć He is taking tablets to relieve his indi- gestion or He is taking indigestion tablets. ı dys- pepsia indigo carmine indigo carmine /ndəυ kɑman/ noun a blue dye which is injected into a person to test how well their kidneys are working indirect contact indirect contact /ndarekt kɒntkt/ noun the fact of catching a disease by inhaling germs or by being in contact with a vector individualise individualise /nd | vduə | laz/, individual- ize verb to provide something that matches the needs of a specific person or situation ć individ- ualised care individualised nursing care individualised nursing care /ndvdjuəlazd nsŋ keə/ noun care which is designed to provide exactly what one particular patient needs ć The home’s staff are specially trained to provide individualised nursing care. Indocid Indocid /ndəsd/ a trade name for indometh- acin indolent indolent /ndələnt/ adjective 1. causing little pain 2. referring to an ulcer which develops slowly and does not heal indomethacin indomethacin /ndəυ | meθəsn/ noun a drug that reduces pain, fever and inflammation, espe- cially that caused by arthritis indrawn indrawn /n | drɔn/ adjective pulled inside induce induce /n | djus/ verb to make something hap- pen induced abortion induced abortion /n | djust ə | bɔʃ(ə)n/ noun an abortion which is deliberately caused by drugs or by surgery induction induction /n | dkʃən/ noun 1. the process of starting or speeding up the birth of a baby 2. the stimulation of an enzyme’s production when the substance on which it acts increases in concentra- tion 3. a process by which one part of an embryo influences another part’s development 4. infor- mation and support given to new employees in an organisation induction of labour induction of labour /n | dkʃən əv lebə/ noun the action of starting childbirth artificially induration induration /ndjυə | reʃ(ə)n/ noun the harden- ing of tissue or of an artery because of pathologi- cal change industrial disease industrial disease /n | dstriəl d | ziz/ noun a disease which is caused by the type of work done by a worker or by the conditions in which he or she works, e.g. by dust produced or chemicals used in the factory inebriation inebriation / | nibr | eʃ(ə)n/ noun a state where a person is drunk, especially habitually drunk inertia inertia / | nʃə/ noun a lack of activity in the body or mind in extremis in extremis /n ks | trims/ adverb at the moment of death infant infant /nfənt/ noun a child under two years of age infanticide infanticide /n | fntsad/ noun 1. the act of killing an infant 2. a person who kills an infant infantile infantile /nfəntal/ adjective referring to small children infantile convulsions infantile convulsions /nfəntal kən | vlʃənz/, infantile spasms plural noun convul- sions or minor epileptic fits in small children infantile paralysis infantile paralysis /nfəntal pə | rləss/ noun a former name for poliomyelitis infantilism infantilism /n | fntlz(ə)m/ noun a condition in which a person keeps some characteristics of an infant when he or she becomes an adult infant mortality rate infant mortality rate /nfənt mɔ | tlti ret / noun the number of infants who die per thousand births infarct infarct /nfɑkt/ noun an area of tissue which is killed when the blood supply is cut off by the blockage of an artery infarction infarction /n | fɑkʃ(ə)n/ noun a condition in which tissue is killed by the cutting off of the blood supply infect infect /n | fekt/ verb to contaminate someone or something with microorganisms that cause dis- ease or toxins ć The disease infected her liver. ć The whole arm soon became infected. infected wound infected wound /n | fektd wund/ noun a wound into which bacteria have entered infection infection /n | fekʃən/ noun 1. the entry or intro- duction into the body of microorganisms, which then multiply ć As a carrier he was spreading infection to other people in the office. 2. an illness which is caused by the entry of microbes into the body ć She is susceptible to minor infections. infectious infectious /n | fekʃəs/ adjective referring to a disease which is caused by microorganisms and can be transmitted to other persons by direct means ć This strain of flu is highly infectious. ć Her measles is at the infectious stage. infectious disease infectious disease /n | fekʃəs d | ziz/ noun a disease caused by microorganisms such as bacte- ria, viruses or fungi. ı communicable disease, contagious disease infectious mononucleosis infectious mononucleosis /n | fekʃəs mɒnəυ | njukli | əυss/ noun an infectious dis- ease where the body has an excessive number of white blood cells. Also called glandular fever infectious parotitis infectious parotitis /n | fekʃəs prə | tats/ noun same as mumps infective infective /n | fektv/ adjective referring to a dis- ease caused by a microorganism, which can be caught from another person but which may not always be directly transmitted inferior inferior /n | fəriə/ adjective referring to a lower part of the body. Opposite superior inferior aspect inferior aspect /n | fəriər spekt/ noun a view of the body from below Nursing.fm Page 147 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM [...]... infe steiʃ(ə)n/ noun the fact of having large numbers of parasites, or an invasion of the body by parasites ć The condition is caused by infestation of the hair with lice infiltrate / infiltreit/ verb (of liquid or waste) to pass from one part of the body to another through a wall or membrane and be deposited in the other part í noun a substance which has infiltrated a part of the body infiltration /... / kini s θi ziə/ noun the fact of being aware of the movement and position of parts of the body (NOTE: The US spelling is | kinesthesia.) kinanaesthesia / kin ni s θi ziə/ noun the fact of not being able to sense the movement and position of parts of the body (NOTE: The US | spelling is kinanesthesia.) kinase / kaineiz/ noun an enzyme belonging to kinase a large family of related substances that bind... cardiac massage | internal carotid | | Nursing. fm Page 152 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM internal derangement of the knee 152 internal derangement of the knee internal derangement of the knee /in t n(ə)l di rein mənt əv ðə ni / noun a condition in which the knee cannot function properly because of a torn meniscus Abbreviation IDK internal ear /in t n(ə)l iə/ noun the part of the ear inside the head, behind... juxtaposition | Nursing. fm Page 160 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM K k k symbol kilokala-azar / kɑ lə ə zɑ / noun an often fatal form of leishmaniasis caused by the infection of the intestines and internal organs by a parasite, Leishmania, spread by flies Symptoms are fever, anaemia, general wasting of the body and swelling of the spleen and liver kaolin / keiəlin/ noun a fine soft clay used in the making of medical... cosmetics lanugo /lə nju əυ/ noun 1 soft hair on the body of a fetus or newborn baby 2 soft hair on the lance lancet lancinate lancinating Landsteiner’s classification | Langerhans’ cells Langer’s lines lanolin lanugo | Nursing. fm Page 166 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM laparo- 166 body of an adult, except on the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet and the parts where long hair grows laparo- /l... intestine which includes all the coats of the intestine Lembert’s suture [Described 1826 After Antoine Lembert (1802– 51 ), French surgeon.] lens /lenz/ noun 1 the part of the eye behind the lens iris and pupil, which focuses light coming from the cornea onto the retina See illustration at EYE in Supplement 2 a piece of shaped glass or plastic which forms part of a pair of spectacles or microscope 3 same... any of several malignant diseases where an unusual number of leucocytes form in the blood (NOTE: The US | spelling is leukemia.) leuko- /lu kəυ/ prefix same as leucolevator /lə veitə/ noun 1 a surgical instrument for lifting pieces of fractured bone 2 a muscle leuko- levator | which lifts a limb or a part of the body level of care / lev(ə)l əv keə/ noun any of the planned divisions within the system of. .. e.g the birth of a child or the onset of a disability life expectancy / laif ik spektənsi/ noun the number of years a person of a particular age is likely to live life-support system / laif sə pɔ t sistəm/ noun a machine that takes over one or more vital functions such as breathing when someone is unable to survive unaided because of a disease or injury lift /lift/ noun 1 a particular way of carrying... in Supplement Nursing. fm Page 159 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 159 joint investment plan joint investment plan / d ɔint in vestmənt pl n/ noun a plan that health and social services draw up together for specific areas of care joint mouse / d ɔint maυs/ plural noun a loose piece of bone or cartilage in the knee joint, making the joint lock joule /d u l/ noun the SI unit of measurement of work or energy... adjective further away from the midline of the body latent lateral Nursing. fm Page 167 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 167 lateral aspect lateral aspect / l t(ə)rəl spekt/ noun a view of the side of part of the body Also called lateral view See illustration at ANATOMICAL in Supplement lateral epicondyle / l t(ə)rəl epi kɒndail/, TERMS lateral epicondyle | lateral epicondyle of the humerus / l t(ə)rəl epi kɒndail . infiltrated a part of the body infiltration infiltration /nfl | treʃ(ə)n/ noun 1. the proc- ess where a liquid passes through the walls of one part of the body into another part 2. a condition. on a living body, e.g. that of an animal Nursing. fm Page 154 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM 155 irritable hip involucrum involucrum /nvə | lukrəm/ noun a covering of new bone which forms over. hip irritable hip /rtəb(ə)l hp/ noun a condition of pain in the hip which is caused by swelling of Nursing. fm Page 155 Monday, May 14, 2007 4:47 PM irritant 156 the synovium. Treatment involves bed rest,