Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 24 すずき: アメリカ の えいが があります。メアリーさん も きます。 There's an American movie. Mary's coming, too. ミラー: じゃあ、 その あと れきし を べんきょうしましょう。 Okay, after that we can study some history. Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file) がっこう school ごろ about, around はやい early はじまります begin, start じ o'clock はん half past テレビ television, TV えいが movie れきし history Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file) 1. あしたがっこうへいきますか。 The first sentence means Are you going to school tomorrow? The "へ" (pronounced e) following a noun indicates direction to a place. Examples: こんどのしゅうまつとうきょうへきます。 (I am going to Tokyo this weekend.) きょうメアリーのいえへいきます。 (Today, I am going to Mary's house.) 2. なんじにいきますか。 This sentence means What time are you going? "なんじ" is a compound word meaning what time. "に" following time means at, referring to a moment in time. Verbatim, At what time? However, this is often deleted when translated into English. Examples: えいがはなんじにはじまりますか。 (What time does the movie start?) Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 25 3. ８じごろです。 This sentence means About nine o'clock. "ごろ" following time refers to around or about so and so time. Examples: わたしは９じごろがっこうへいきます。 (I am going to school around nine o'clock.) 4. ８じはんです。 This sentence means At eight thirty. "はん" literally means half, so following a time, it means half past (time) or (time) thirty Examples: A: えいがはなんじにはじまりますか。 (A: What time does the movie start?) B: ６じはんです。 (B: At six thirty.) 5. でもクラスのまえにともだちとあいますから。 This sentence means But before class, I'm going to meet a friend. "と" following a noun is a particle meaning with. The particle "から" means because, indicating reason. Examples: べんきょうしますから、いそがしいです。 (I am busy because I am studying.) いそがしいですから、いきません。 (I am not going because I am busy.) 6. じゃあ、そのあとうちへきませんか。 This sentence means Then, won't you come over to my house? "Kimasen ka" implies won't you come, Let's come, or why don't you come, inviting someone to come. Examples: あしたがっこうへいきませんか。 (Won't you [Let's] go to school tomorrow.) テレビをいっしょにみませんか。 (Why don't we [Let's] watch TV together.) 7. テレビをいっしょにみましょう。 This sentence means Let's watch TV together. "を" following a noun makes a noun a direct object. In this sentence, TV is the direct object. "~しょう" following a verb stem makes a sentence into a suggestion, eqivalent to the English Let's. Examples: こんどのしゅうまつけいざいをべんきょうします (I am going to study economics this weekend.) テレビをいっしょにみませんか。 (Why don't we [Shall we] watch TV together.) Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 26 カメラをかいましょう。 (Let's buy a camera.) にほんごをべんきょうしましょう。 (Let's study Japanese.) Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file) A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words. 1. あしたがっこう ( ) いきますか。 2. あしたどこ ( ) いきますか。 3. クラスはなんじ ( ) はじまりますか。 4. だれ ( ) あいますか。 5. ともだち ( ) あいます。 B. Answer the following questions according the question given. 1. あしたどこへいきますか。 (クラス) 2. クラスはなんじにはじまりますか。 (9 じ) 3. あしただれとあいますか。 (ともだち) 4. きょうなにがありますか。 (えいが) Click here to check the answers!! Japanese Language Lessons LESSON 8 - Kyoto Trip (きょうと へ) Mr. Suzuki and Mr. Miller discuss what they did during the weekend. For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana. Get the Romaji for this lesson. Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 27 すずき: しゅうまつどこかいきましたか。 Did you go somewhere this weekend? ミラー: ええ、きょうとにいきました。 Yes, I went to Kyoto. すずき: そうですか。どうでしたか。 Is that so? How was it? ミラー: たのしかったです。 It was fun. すずき: なにをみましたか。 What did you see? ミラー: ふるいてらをたくさんみました。 I saw a lot of old temples. ミラー: すずきさんはどこかへいきましたか。 Did you go somewhere, Mr. Suzuki? すずき: いいえ、どこへもいきませんでした。でも、デパートへいきました。 No, I did not go anywhere. But I went to the department store. ミラー: なにかかいましたか。 Did you buy something? すずき: ＣＤをかいました。 I bought a CD. ミラー: おんがくがすきですか。 Do you like music? すずき: ええ、だいすきです。 Yes, I like it very much. Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file) Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 28 きょうと Kyoto どう How たのしい fun ふるい old てら temple たくさん many, a lot デパート department store おんがく music すきです to like だいすきです to like very much Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file) 1. しゅうまつどこかいきましたか。 This sentence means Did you go anywhere this weekend? The particle か attached the interrogative どこ (where) is translated as somewhere or anywhere. 2. どうでしたか。 This sentence means How was it? でした is the past tense of です (to be) . The sentence in the present tense would be どうですか。 (How is it?). 3. たのしかったです。 The sentence is translated as It was fun. たのしかったです is the past tense of たのしい. かった added to the stem of an i-adjective makes the adjective into the past tense as shown in the table below. Present Affirmative Past Affirmative fun たのしい たのしかった busy いそがしい いそがしかった hot あつい あつかった cold さむい さむかった early はやい はやかった 4. すずきさはどこかへいきましたか。 Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 29 The sentence means Did you go somehere, Mr. Suzuki? This sentence is the same in grammar construction as grammar point # 1 (しゅうまつどこかいきました) except へ follows どこか. へ is simply added for emphasis. Examples: このしゅうまつどこかへいきましょう。 (Let's go somewhere this weekend.) 5. いいえ、どこへもいきませんでした。 The sentence means No, I did not go anywhere . The particle へも following どこ (where) in a negative response means anywhere. Examples: こんどのしゅうまつべんきょうしますから、どこへもいきません。 (Because I am going to study this weekend, I am not going anywhere.) 6. なにかかいましたか。 This sentence means Did you buy something? The particle か following the interrogative なに makes the word mean something or anything. Examples: テレビでなにかみませんか。 (Why don't we watch something on TV?) Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file) A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words. 1. あしたどこ ( ) いきますか。 (Are you going somewhere tomorrow?) 2. なに ( ) みましたか。 (What did you see?) 3. なに ( ) みましたか。 (Did you see something?) 4. どこ ( ) いきましたか。 (Where did you go?) 5. どこ ( ) いきましたか。 (Did you go somewhere?) B. Rewrite the following with past tense. 1. たのしいです。 2. おんがくがすきです。 3. あのてらはふるいです。 4. きょうはあついです。 Click here t o check the answers!! Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 30 Japanese Language Lessons LESSON 9 - Going to a Restaurant (レストラン に いくこと) Mr. Suzuki and Mr. Miller are going to a restaurant. For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana. Get the Romaji for this lesson. すずき: のど が かわきました ね。 Aren't you thirsty? ミラー: そう ですね。なにか のみましょう。 Yes, I am. Shall we get something to drink? すずき: はい、あの レストランは どう です か。 Yes. How about that restaurant? ミラー: いい です ね。はいりましょう。 That's fine. Let's go in. すずき: きれいな レストラン です ね。 It's a beautiful restaurant, isn't it? ミラー: なに が いいでしょう ね。 I wonder what's good. すずき: いろいろ あります ね。 There are lots of things, aren't there?(There's a lot to choose from,isn't there?) Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 31 ウェイター: いらっしゃいませ。ごちゅうもん は。 Welcome. May I take your order please? すずき: わたし は オレンジ ジュース と ケーキ を ください。 I'd like an orange juice and a cake please. ミラー: わたし は コーラ を ください。それから おなか が すきますので、サンドイッチ も ください。 I'd like a cola please. Then, since I am hungry, I'll have a sandwich. ウェイター: はい、すぐ おもち します。 Yes, I'll bring them immediately. Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file) のど throat かわきます to dry のみます to drink はいります to enter きれい pretty, beautiful いろいろ a lot, many, a variety いらっしゃいませ welcome ちゅうもん order オレンジ ジュース orange juice ケーキ cake コーラ cola それから then, afterwards, after that おなか stomach すきます to be empty サンドイッチ sandwich おもちします to bring, to carry (humble form) Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file) Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 32 1. のど が かわきました ね。 This sentence means Aren't you thirsty? Literally translated, it means Our throat has dried, is that so. が is a subject particle used when introducing a new topic, especially when the subject refers to the parts of the body such as eye, nose, ear, etc. 2. きれい な レストラン です ね。 This sentence means It's a beautiful restaurant, isn't it. There are two main types of adjectives in Japanese: i-adjectives (i.e. adjectives that end in い) and na-adjectives (adjectives that end in な. With i-adjectives in the present tense, the i always remains attached to the adjective whether the adjective is standing alone or modifying a noun. With na-adjectives in the present tense, the na part is only used when modifying a noun. Up to now, the only other na-adjective we have learned is げんき (genki). 3. ごちゅうもん は。 This sentence has been translated as May I take your order please? The prefix ご before certain nouns changes the noun into a formal (polite) form. お is also used as a prefix for applying the formal form to nouns. Examples of お prefixes include: おなまえ (name), おしごと (job), おてんき (weather), and おたんじょうび (birthday). Generally, ご is used with words of Chinese origin and お is used with words of Japanese origin. 4. わたし は オレンジ ジュース と ケーキ を ください。 The sentence means I'd like an orange juice and a cake please. を ください is a polite expression used when making requests, especially in restaurants or stores. It can also be translated as May I have or please bring me. 5. はい、すぐ おもち します。 This sentence is translated as Yes, I'll bring them immediately. おもち します is the humble (polite) form of もちます (to bring, to carry). With some Japanese verbs, the humble form is constructed by placing the prefix お to the front of the verb, truncating the ます, and adding します to the end of the verb. Literally, おもちします means to humbly bring. Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file) Japanese Language Lessons Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 33 LESSON 10 - Days of the Month (ひにち) Mr. Miller and Mr. Suzuki are talking about the date. For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana. Get the Romaji for this lesson. ミラー: きょう は なん にち です か。 What day is it today? すずき: きょう は しがつ ついたち です。 Today is April 1st. ミラー: こんど の どようび は いつか です ね。 This coming Saturday is the 5th, isn't it? すずき: はい、そう です。どうして です か。 Yes, it is. How come? ミラー: ともだち が アメリカ から きます。 A friend is coming from America. すずき: そう です か。なん にち ぐらい にほん に います か。 Is that so? About how long is he staying? ミラー: に しゅうかん です。 For two weeks. すずき: ミラーさん は もう どのぐらい にほん に いますか。 Mr. Miller, how much longer will you be in Japan? ミラー: ６かげつです。 Six months. すずき: にほん は どう です か。 How is Japan? [...]... am an American.) きょう は なん にち です か。 (What day is it today?) あつい です ね。 (It's hot, isn't it?) これ は ほん です。 (This is a book.) 35 Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc あなた は いい がくせい です。 (You are a good student.) にほん は どう ですか。 (How is Japan?) Examples of います: わたし は いま がっこう に います。 (I am at school now.) にほん に アメリカじん が たくさん います。 (There are a lot of Americans in Japan.) いもうとさん は いえ に いますか。 (Is your sister at home?)... にちようび Sunday 日曜日 Dates of the Month Note: most dates are just the number plus にち Following are the exceptions! ついたち first 一日 ふつか second 二日 みっか third 三日 よっか fourth 四日 いつか fifth 五日 むいか sixth 六日 34 Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc なのか seventh 七日 ようか eighth 八日 ここのか ninth 九日 とうか tenth 十日 じゅうよっか fourteenth 十四日 はつか twentieth 二十日 Months of the Year いちがつ January １月 にがつ February ２月 さんがつ March ３月 しがつ April ４月 ごがつ.. .Tiếng Nhật cơ bản ミラー: Đào Ngọc Sắc たのしい です。 It is fun すずき: にほんご が じょうず に なりました ね。 Your Japanese has gotten really good ミラー: いいえ、でも もっと れんしゅう したい です。 Not at all, but I still want to practice more Listen to Dialog . There are lots of things, aren't there?(There's a lot to choose from,isn't there?) Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 31 ウェイター: いらっしゃいませ。ごちゅうもん は。 Welcome is a book.) Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 36 あなた は いい がくせい です。 (You are a good student.) にほん は どう ですか。 (How is Japan?) Examples of います: わたし は いま がっこう に います。 (I am at school now.). economics this weekend.) テレビをいっしょにみませんか。 (Why don't we [Shall we] watch TV together.) Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc 26 カメラをかいましょう。 (Let's buy a camera.) にほんごをべんきょうしましょう。 (Let's