Giáo án hóa học lớp 12 cơ bản – Tiết 44 : KIM LOẠI KIỀM THỔ V HỢP CHẤT QUAN TRỌNG CỦA KIM LOẠI KIỀM THỔ (T2) I. MỤC TIU: 1. Kiến thức: HS biết: Nước cứng là gì ? Nguyn tắc v cc phương pháp làm mềm nước cứng. 2. Kĩ năng: Biết cách dùng các hoá chất để làm mềm các loại nước cứng. 3. Thái độ: II. CHUẨN BỊ: III. PHƯƠNG PHÁP: Nêu vấn đề + đàm thoại + hoạt động nhóm. IV. TIẾN TRÌNH BY DẠY: 1. Ổn định lớp: Cho hỏi, kiểm diện. 2. Kiểm tra bi cũ: Trình by hiện tượng xảy ra khi cho từ từ khí CO 2 sục vo dung dịch Ca(OH) 2 cho đến dư. Giải thích bằng phương trình phản ứng. 3. Bi mới: HOẠT ĐỘNG CỦA THẦY VÀ TRỊ NỘI DUNG KIẾN THỨC Hoạt động 1  GV ? - Nước có vai trị như thế nào đối với đời sống con người và sản xuất? - Nước sinh hoạt hàng ngày lấy từ đâu? Là nguồn nứơc gì?  GV: thông báo: Nước tự nhiên lấy từ sông suối, ao hồ. nước ngầm là nước cứng, vậy nước C. NƯỚC CỨNG 1. Khi niệm: - Nước chứa nhiều ion Ca 2+ v Mg 2+ được gọi là nước cứng. - Nư ớc chứa ít hoặc không chứa các ion Mg 2+ v Ca 2+ được gọi l à nước mềm.  Phn loại: a) Tính cứng tạm thời: Gy nn b ởi cc muối Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 v Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 . Khi đun sôi nư ớc, các muối . Giáo án hóa học lớp 12 cơ bản – Tiết 44 : KIM LOẠI KIỀM THỔ V HỢP CHẤT QUAN TRỌNG CỦA KIM LOẠI KIỀM THỔ (T2) I. MỤC TIU: 1. Kiến thức: HS biết: Nước cứng là gì ? Nguyn tắc v cc. 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