2 Exercise: Accessing Your System Exercise objective – In this exercise, you will practice logging in on the command line, changing your password, logging out, and other basic CDE skills Tasks Complete the following steps: Obtain a user name and password from your instructor Log in to the system using the Command Line Login option Change the password to mypass1 Log out of the system Log back in to the system using the Command Line Login option and the new password, then log back out At the CDE login screen, enter the following (incorrect) details: Login Name: nosuchuser Password: wrong Observe the information displayed on the screen At the CDE login screen, enter your own (correct) details and log in to a CDE session Using the correct mouse and Front Panel buttons, switch from the default workspace display to Workspace Three From Workspace Three, switch back to Workspace One Click on the Text Note icon on the Front Panel to open a Text Note window 10 Once the Text Note window has been opened, convert the window to an icon 11 Convert the Text Note icon back to a Text Note window Accessing Your System 2-31 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Exercise: Accessing Your System Tasks 12 Move the Text Note window to another position on your workspace display 13 Make the Text Note window take up all of your workspace display area 14 Reduce the Text Note window back to its previous size 15 Type some text into the Text Note window, then attempt to close the window 16 Confirm that you want to close the window without saving the text 17 Exit from your current CDE session 18 Confirm that you want to log out 19 Once you are back at the CDE Login Screen, log in again using your allocated login name and password Workshop Labs Use what you have learned so far in this course to work through the following: A new employee is given a Sun workstation to log in to After repeated attempts, the login fails Why might this have happened? A user would like to be able to some command-line aliasing to make issuing commands easier What would the system administrator have to have done to make this work every time the user logs in? 2-32 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Exercise: Accessing Your System Exercise Summary Discussion – Take a few minutes to discuss what experiences, issues, or discoveries you had during the lab exercises  Manage the discussion here based on the time allowed for this module, which was given in the “About This Course” module If you find you not have time to spend on discussion, then just highlight the key concepts students should have learned from the lab exercise q  Ask students what their overall experiences with this exercise have been You might want to go over any trouble spots or especially confusing areas at this time q  Conclusions Have students articulate any conclusions they reached as a result of this exercise experience q  Interpretations Ask students to interpret what they observed during any aspects of this exercise q  Experiences Applications Explore with students how they might apply what they learned in this exercise to situations at their workplace Accessing Your System 2-33 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Exercise: Accessing Your System Exercise Solutions Log in to the system using the Command Line Login option Click on Option button on CDE Login screen Click on Command Line Login Press Return and enter your login name at the prompt, followed by the assigned password Change the password to mypass1 $ passwd old password: new password: re-enter new password: Log out of the system $exit 2-34 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Check Your Progress Before continuing on to the next module, check that you are able to accomplish or answer the following: u List the characteristics of an effective password u Change your password u Describe the function of a mouse button u Log in and log out of a system from the command line u Log in and out of a CDE session u Manipulate windows within the CDE u Invoke and use menus and menu bars Accessing Your System 2-35 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Think Beyond On a UNIX system, it is not unusual for users to be forced to change their passwords on a regular basis What are some reasons for this? 2-36 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Features of the Common Desktop Environment Objectives Upon completion of this module, you should be able to q Describe the arrangement of the Front Panel q Add workspaces to the Front Panel q Remove workspaces from the Front Panel q Rename workspaces q Minimize the Front Panel q Open the Front Panel window from the icon q Lock your workstation q Add an application to a Front Panel subpanel q Customize your workspace 3-1 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Relevance  Present the following question to stimulate the students and get them thinking about the issues and topics presented in this module While they are not expected to know the answer to the question, the answer should be of interest to them and inspire them to learn the content presented in this module Discussion – What tasks you complete most often? How you access the necessary tools? Does your screen typically provide enough room for you to arrange your open applications? How you manage all the applications you need running or open? 3-2 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D The Front Panel Arrangement Applications Mail Links Cards Files subpanel subpanel subpanel subpanel subpanel Browser Calendar Workspace buttons Personal Printers subpanel Session Exit Text Notes File Manager Mailer Tools subpanel Printer Workspace buttons Display Lock Hosts Help subpanel subpanel Trash subpanel Perf Meter Trash Can Style Manager Help Features of the Common Desktop Environment 3-3 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D The Front Panel Arrangement The Front Panel allows you to manage applications, files, and network services easily The Front Panel has been organized to include icons for a web browser, text notes, and a performance meter The subpanels contain cascading submenus for ease of navigation Click on an uparrow button to open a subpanel; click on an item in a subpanel to run it The spinning globe above the Exit button indicates the system is busy When it is clicked on, it will prompt you for a uniform resource locator (URL), pathname, host, email address, and so forth to open 3-4 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Front Panel Help The Help Manager icon is situated at the right side of the Front Panel Clicking on the icon with the left mouse button will open up a Help Viewer window Getting Help 4-3 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Front Panel Help Help Manager subpanel 4-4 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Help Viewer The hypertext links, shown as underlined text or boxed graphics, can be used to quickly move to a related help page by clicking on the appropriate area of text in the Help window The Backtrack option allows you to retrace the path you followed through the help screens Getting Help 4-5 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Searching the Help Index The Index Search enables you to see all volumes of help These volumes are displayed as hyperlinks, which can be used to reference any help page You can also search for specific help items based on a keyword search 4-6 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D AnswerBook2 If installed, an icon on the Help subpanel will enable you to access the AnswerBook2™ system The AnswerBook2 system enables you to view an on-line representation of the printed manuals As with the Help Viewer, there are hyperlinks that can be used to skip to the relevant pages of the online manual By default AnswerBook2 uses the HotJava™ browser to display information You can perform searches of parts of the AnswerBook or of the entire collection installed on your system Due to the amount of disk space which is taken up by the AnswerBook2 pages, your system administrator may not have installed AnswerBook2 on the computer’s hard disk However, it is possible to access AnswerBook2 files from a compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM) or hard disk device connected to a remote host on your computer network Getting Help 4-7 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D AnswerBook2 If AnswerBook2 is accessible through your network, be aware that there will be a delay between requesting and displaying AnswerBook2 pages The speed with which the pages are collected from the remote hard drive or CD-ROM device is dependent on network configuration and activity 4-8 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D On Item Help The On Item Help icon is situated in the subpanel When this function is selected, the mouse pointer will change from an arrow pointer to a question mark with an arrowhead at its base The pointer can then be positioned over a Front Panel icon to access the appropriate help page for that item, which will be displayed in a Help Viewer window The mouse pointer will revert back to an arrow pointer at this time Getting Help 4-9 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D On Item Help The On-Item Help function will only work on icons or within the Application Manager windows The On Item Help icon Note – The Information menu item accesses the Application Manager Information README files 4-10 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Other Ways to Access Help Right clicking in any free space on the desktop will display the Workspace menu From the Workspace menu, you can select the Help option from the Programs submenu This is another method for invoking the Help Viewer displayed by clicking on the Front Panel Help icon Once the Help Viewer has been invoked, you can use it as described previously Getting Help 4-11 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Other Ways to Access Help Most windows also have a Help menu option specific to the current application Help menu 4-12 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Displaying Man Pages The UNIX Programmer’s Manual (also called man pages) describes what you need to know about the system’s on-line commands, system calls, file formats, and system maintenance The on-line man pages are part of the Solaris computing environment Using the man Command Use the man command to display on-line man pages for commands Command Format man name man -k keyword man -s section name Getting Help 4-13 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Displaying Man Pages Using the man Command Without Options $ man cd Reformatting page Wait done CD(1) User Commands CD(1) NAME cd, chdir, pushd, popd, dirs - change working directory SYNOPSIS /usr/bin/cd [ directory ] sh cd [ argument ] chdir [ argument ] DESCRIPTION /usr/bin/cd The cd utility will change the working directory of the current shell execution environment When invoked with no operands, and the HOME environment variable is set to a non-empty value, the directory named in the HOME environment variable will become the new working directory OPERANDS The following operands are supported: directory An absolute or relative pathname of the directory that becomes the new working directory The interpretation of a relative pathname by cd depends on the CDPATH environment variable SEE ALSO csh(1), ksh(1), pwd(1), sh(1), chdir(2), attributes(5), environ(5) SunOS 5.7 4-14 Last change: 28 Mar 1995 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D 4 Displaying Man Pages Scrolling in Man Pages Use the following keys to control the scrolling capabilities while using the man command: Spacebar Scroll through a manual page one screen at a time Return Scroll through a manual page one line at a time b Move back one screen f Move forward one screen q Quit the man command /string Search forward for information n Find the next occurrence of string h Give a description of all scrolling capabilities Getting Help 4-15 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Displaying Man Pages Searching Man Pages by Section There are multiple sections in the man pages The SEE ALSO part at the bottom of a man page lists alternate references that pertain to the topic addressed When these references are followed by a number other than in parentheses, it indicates a section of the man pages which can be accessed using the -s option with the man command For example, executing $ man passwd will display information on the passwd command and give instructions on how to change a password The SEE ALSO section of this man page reads in part as follows: SEE ALSO finger(1), login(1), passwd(4) nispasswd(1), crypt(3C), Executing $ man -s passwd will display information on the /etc/passwd file and $ man -s 3C crypt will display information on password encryption 4-16 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Displaying Man Pages Searching Man Pages by Keyword If you are not sure of the command name, use the -k option to specify a keyword as a subject an -k calendar cm (1) delete insert lookup cmsd rade_cm endar ftime ime - calendar manager, appointment and resource scheduling tool cm_delete (1) - delete appointments from Calendar Manager database cm_insert (1) - insert appointments into Calendar Manager database cm_lookup (1) - look up appointments from Calendar Manager database rpc.cmsd (1) - calendar manager service daemon upgrade_cm (1) - script for upgrading Calendar Manager from SVOL to Openwindows cal (1) - display a calendar calendar (1) - reminder service difftime (3c) - computes the difference between two calendar times mktime (3c) - converts a tm structure to a calendar time Note – Using $ whatis command will display the header line from the manual section The man page itself can then be displayed with by using the man command Getting Help 4-17 Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D ... values 3- 30 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Notes Features of the Common Desktop Environment 3- 31 Copyright... attributes: q q 3- 20 Color – Set the color attributes of the windows and the workspace background Font – Set the size of the font display (in points) Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems,... 3- 8 Fundamentals of Solaris Copyright 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc All Rights Reserved Enterprise Services August 1999, Revision D Workspace Buttons Features of the Common Desktop Environment 3- 9