Model Test4 18 M 23 The fifth-ranking person in the party hierarchy is E (A) Grell, the Minister of Mining (B) Fentz, the Minister of Culture (C) Dorner, the Prime Minister (D) Eckland, the Minister of Defense (E) Arning, the Minister of Education Lillian, who has just celebrated her 107th birthday, attributes her longevity to her lifelong habit of drinking a double shot of whiskey each night and smoking three cigars each morning The best way to counter her argument would be to point out that (A) The Minister of Social Welfare I II (A) (B) 595 (B) outranks the Minister of Defense is outranked by the Minister of Mining (C) Tonly (D) If only (C) T and II only (D) Tor II, but not both (E) Neither I nor II (E) smoking has been proved to be a causative factor in several life-threatening diseases other factors besides those mentioned may have caused her to live 107 years not all centenarians drink alcohol and smoke tobacco Lillian should not be consuming the substances mentioned without medical advice alcohol has been shown to kill brain cells Questions 24 and 25 20 How many of the seven party leaders outrank the Minister of Education? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) If Dr Seymour’s theory is correct, then the events she predicts will happen The events she predicted did happen Therefore, her theory must be correct 24 E Which of the following arguments has a logical structure that most nearly resembles that of the argument above? (A) If we win the game, we will be the league (B) If the fan is running, then the electricity must be If, during the congress, the Minister of Agriculture and the Minister of Education are ordered to exchange positions, which is true? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) Arning will move to a seat six places away from his original seat Fentz will move up five places in the leadership ranking Eckland will move to a seat three places away from his original seat Grell will move up four places in the leadership ranking Eckland will move from the Prime Minister’s left side to his right 22 If, during the congress, Eckland is demoted two places in the party leadership ranking, which is true? (A) The Minister of Defense moves up one place in the leadership ranking (B) Civili becomes the second-ranking leader in the party (C) The Minister of Mining moves up two places in the leadership ranking (D) Dorner is demoted within the leadership (E) The positions of five persons within the leadership remain unchanged S T (C) champions We won the game; therefore, we are the league champions on The electricity is on; therefore, the fan must be running If the store is open, I will buy a shirt I think the store is open; therefore, I should be able to buy a shirt (D) If Alice answers her phone, then my prediciton is correct I predict that she is at home; there- (E) fore, she will answer her phone If Ted’s flight is delayed, he will miss his appointment He kept his appointment; therefore, his flight must have been on time 25 The conclusion drawn in the argument above would be valid if which of the following were true? (A) Only Dr Seymour’s theory fully explains the events which happened (B) If the events Dr Seymour predicted happen, then her theory is correct (C) If Dr Seymour’s theory is correct, then the events she predicted may happen (D) Only Dr Seymour predicted the events which happened (E) If the events Dr Seymour predicted happen, then Dr Seymour’s theory may be correct OP IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST 596 Model Test SECTION Time - 30 Minutes 38 Questions Each sentence below has one or two blanks, Do not be by that fiery formula which springs from the lips of so many old gentlemen: “I shall write to The Times about this outrage!” ON Directions: each blank indicating that something has been omitted Beneath the sentence are five lettered words or sets of words Choose the word or set of words for each blank (A) dissuaded indefatigable (B) daunted irresolute (C) intimidated choleric (D) discredited crotchety that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole Because the ice grains in slush are so loosely E| bonded, it 1s and thus can cause an avalanche even on gentle slopes compact flexible interdependent (D) paradoxical (E) unstable While some of the drawings are well rendered, oth- F| ers are mere ; nonetheless, nearly all possess a sort of rude that catches the eye (A) portraits grandeur (B) With their pea-sized brains and giant bodies, dino—| saurs became a symbol of lumbering stupidity; their extinction seemed only to their design betray fundamental hypothesize incongruous invalidate conscious embody ultimate confirm flawed =| The shortcomings of Mr Brooks’s analysis are - his - in explaining financial complexity and the sheer importance of this text (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) Despite John’s somewhat undergraduate career, as undistinguished by academic brilliance as by dissolute excesses, nothing could convince his anxious though doting mother that her son was neither a genius nor a (A) ordinary prodigy (B) colorful profligate (C) anomalous zealot (D) lackluster libertine (E) indifferent miser illustrations finesse (C) daubs vigor (D) caricatures polish (E) mementoes familiarity (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) ~) (A) (B) (C) (E) exasperated apathetic alleviated by ineptitude offset by clarity magnified by precision demonstrated by adroitness mitigated by incompetence can To a person natural history, his country or seaM| side stroll is a walk through a gallery filled with wonderful works of art, nine-tenths of which have their faces turned to the wall (A) enamored of (B) uninstructed in (C) responsive to (D) disillusioned with (E) dependent on Directions: In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair STAR : CLUSTER:: E (A) orange : rind (B) comet : orbit (C) tree : clump (D) mirror : reflection (E) bulb : lamp GUFFAW : LAUGH:: (A) sip : drink (B) squabble : quarrel (C) whimper : cry (D) sneeze : cough (E) lope : run LOBSTER : (A) sardine (B) goldfish (C) sparrow POT:: : tin : bowl : nest (D) oyster : shell (E) rabbit : snare PISTON : CYLINDER:: (A) elevator : shaft (B) vertex : triangle (C) bullet : revolver (D) kitchen : colander (E) valve : bearing Model Test4 ERUDITE : SCHOLAR:: (A) remote : hermit (B) pliant : beggar (C) meandering : traveler (D) mendacious : liar (E) vindictive : conqueror (20) positive electrical element in the atomic nucleus, surrounded by electrons, the negative electric elements swirling about the proton 17 The primary purpose of the passage is to E (A) honor the pioneering efforts of Sir Ernest Rutherford and his followers (B) refute the existence of submicroscopic particles DRUM : TYMPANT:: (A) cornet : percussion oboe : woodwind (C) illustrate how scientists measure molecular (D) violin : concerto (E) coda : symphony (D) summarize the then current findings on the (B) (C) piano : orchestra GIBBER : SENSE:: (A) jabber : noise (B) toddle : mobility According to the passage, all of the following are true of the center of the atom EXCEPT that it (A) has not yet been seen by the naked eye (B) contains elements that are positively charged (C) is very little larger than a molecule (D) follows experimentally determinable processes (E) is smaller than 1/125 millionth of an inch n MITIGATE : PUNISHMENT:: (A) aggregate : wealth By referring to the period at the end of the sentence (lines 16-17), the author intends to point up the atom’s (E) set : penalty œ SENTENTIOUS : APHORISM:: Directions: Each passage in this group 1s followed by questions based on its content After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage (A) density (E) minuteness (B) mystery (C) velocity (D) consistency (A) redundant : criticism (B) deprecatory : panegyric (C) allegorical : maxim (D) symbolic : adage (E) laudatory : eulogy diameter composition of matter (E) analyze evidence against one theory of atomic structure (C) dawdle : deference (D) vacillate : resolution (E) disobey : order (B) execute : mandate (C) commute : sentence (D) collect : fine 597 20 Which of the following relationships most closely parallels the relationship between the proton and the electrons described in the passage? (A) A hawk to its prey (B) A blueprint to a framework (C) A planet to its satellites (E) A compound to its elements (D) A magnet to iron filings (This passage was written prior to 1950.) We now know that what constitutes practically all of matter is empty space; relatively enormous voids in which revolve with lightning velocity infinitesimal particles so utterly small that they (3) have never been seen or photographed The existence of these particles has been demonstrated by mathematical physicists and their operations determined by ingenious laboratory experiments It was not until 1911 that experiments by Sir Ernest Ruth(10) erford revealed the architecture of the mysterious atom Moseley, Bohr, Fermi, Millikan, Compton, (15) Urey, and others have also worked on the problem Matter is composed of molecules whose average diameter is about 1/125 millionth of an inch Molecules are composed of atoms so small that about million could be placed in a row on the period at the end of this sentence Long thought to be the ultimate, indivisible constituent of matter, the atom has been found to consist roughly of a proton, the No one can be a great thinker who does not realize that as a thinker it is her first duty to follow her intellect to whatever conclusions it may lead Truth gains more even by the errors of one who, with due (5) study and preparation, thinks for herself, than by (10) (15) the true opinions of those who only hold them because they not suffer themselves to think Not that it is solely, or chiefly, to form great thinkers that freedom of thinking is required On the contrary, it is as much or even more indispensable to enable average human beings to attain the mental stature which they are capable of There have been, and may again be, great individual thinkers in a general atmosphere of mental slavery But there never has been, nor ever will be, in that atmos- phere an intellectually active people Where any people has made a temporary approach to such a character, it has been because the dread of hetero- dox speculation was for a time suspended Where 598 Model Test (20) there is a tacit convention that principles are not to be disputed; where the discussion of the greatest 22 questions which can occupy humanity is consid- (A) acceptance of truth (B) controversy over principles ered to be closed, we cannot hope to find that gen- erally high scale of mental activity which has made (25) some periods of history so remarkable Never when controversy avoided the subjects which are large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm was the mind of a people stirred up from its foundations and the impulse given which raised even persons of (30) the most ordinary intellect to something of the dignity of thinking beings She who knows only her own side of the case knows little of that Her reasons may be good, and no one may have been able to refute them But if (C) (D) 23 (D) 24 for them She must know them in their most plausible and persuasive form: she must feel the whole force of the difficulty which the true view of the subject has to encounter and dispose of; else she (55) will never really possess herself of the portion of truth which meets and removes that difficulty Ninety-nine in a hundred of what are called edu- It can be inferred from the passage that a person who knows only her own side of an issue is regarded by the author as (A) timorous (B) opinionated (C) heterodox (D) educated (E) rational cated persons are in this condition; even of those who can argue fluently for their opinions Their (60) conclusion may be true, but it might be false for anything they know: they have never thrown themselves into the mental position of those who think differently from them and considered what such persons may have to say; and consequently they (65) not, in any proper sense of the word, know the doctrines which they themselves profess They not know those parts of the doctrine which explain and justify the remainder; the considerations which show that a fact which seemingly conflicts According to the author, it is always advisable to As it is used in line of the passage, the word “suffer” most nearly means (A) endure (B) undergo (C) permit (D) support (E) force (50) defend them in earnest, and their very utmost 21 It is wise to hear both sides of a debatable issue from one’s teachers (E) The majority of those who argue eloquently truly know only one side of an issue (40) herself with that, she is either led by authority, or adopts, like the generality of the world, the side to (70) with another is reconcilable with it, or that, of two apparently strong reasons, one and not the other ought to be preferred According to the author, which of the following Statements is true? (A) Most educated people study both sides of a question (B) Heterodox speculation will lead to many unnecessary errors of thinking (C) In debatable issues, we should rely on the opinjons of the experts for guidance if she does not so much as know she has no ground for preferring The rational position for her would of judgment, and unless she contents which she feels the most inclination Nor is it enough that she should hear the arguments of adversaries from her own teachers, presented as (45) they state them, and accompanied by what they offer as refutations That is not the way to justice to the arguments, or bring them into real contact with her own mind She must be able to hear them from persons who actually believe them; who inordinate enthusiasm adread of heterodox speculation (E) a suspension of judgment (35) she is equally unable to refute the reasons of the opposite side; what they are, either opinion be suspension According to the author, in a great period such as the Renaissance we may expect to find According to the author, the person who holds orthodox beliefs without examination may be described in all of the following ways EXCEPT as (A) enslaved by tradition (B) less than fully rational (C) determined on controversy (D) having a closed mind (E) unwilling to adopt new ideas 27 It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements? (A) have opinions which cannot be refuted (B) adopt the point of view to which one feels the (C) most inclination be acquainted with the arguments favoring the (A) A truly great thinker makes no mistakes (B) Periods of intellectual achievement are periods (C) (D) suspend heterodox speculation in favor of doc- point of view with which one disagrees trinnaire approaches (E) ignore the accepted opinions of the vast majority of unorthodox reflection The refutation of accepted ideas can best be provided by one’s own teachers (D) Excessive controversy prevents clear thinking (E) In a period of mental slavery, no true intellectual thought is possible Model Test Directions: Each question below consists of a word printed in capital letters, followed by five lettered words or phrases Choose the lettered word or phrase that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital letters Since some of the questions require you to distinguish fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the choices before deciding which one is best 28 E| 33 ACERBITY: 34 RECOLLECT: (A) comprise (B) misplace 36 ABIDE: (A) retract an offer (B) refuse to endure (C) shield from harm (D) exonerate (E) welcome BENEVOLENT: (A) tense (B) intrepid (C) malicious (D) prominent (E) disinterested 32 M| PRECIPITATE: (A) intricate (B) devious (C) posthumous (D) dilatory (E) contradictory APLOMB: (A) discomposure (B) righteousness (C) temerity (D) disapprobation (E) parsimoniousness (E) tawdry correct interpretation 31 F} thirst for pleasure (A) merciful (B) direct (C) dangerous (D) legal (D) approximate estimation 30 E| (E) TORTUOUS: MISAPPREHENSION: (A) indignation (B) derision (C) intense speculation (E) noteworthiness hypocrisy (C) mildness of temperament (D) lack of anxiety (C) settle (D) forget (E) administer 29 E| (A) (B) EXTIRPATE: (A) (B) dilate implicate (E) incriminate (C) proliferate (D) expostulate 37 BEATIFIC: (A) unattractive (B) arrhythmic (C) enormous (D) fiendish (E) radical ODIUM: (A) fragrance (B) monotony (C) idiosyncrasy (D) veneration (E) vigilance S T O P IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST 999 600 Model Test Answer Key Note: The answers to the quantitative sections are keyed to the corresponding review areas in the Mathematics Review (Chapter 11) The numbers in parentheses after each answer refer to the math topic(s) covered by that particular question Section Verbal B 11 E 21 C 31 B B 12 A 22 B 32 A C 13 Cc 23 A 33 D D 14 C 24 E 34 B E 15 D 25 E 35 C C 16 E 26 C 36 E E 17 C 27 C 37 B D 18 D 28 D 38 C E 19 C 29 C 10 B 20 B 30 B Section Verbal C 11 C 21 A 31 C C 12 B 22 B 32 E 3, D 13 C 23 E 33 C E 14 D 24 D 34 E D 15 C 25 C 35 E C 16 E 26 A 36 D A 17 D 27 D 37 A C 18 E 28 A 38 C A 19 C 29 E 10 E 20 C 30 D B (I) 17 E(H-A) 25 C (II-E) Section Quantitative C (HI:B-2) OQ, A (IV-A) 10 A (IIT-F) 18 E (H-A) 26 C (I-B) A (ITI-H) 11 C (HI:H) 19 B (II-B) 27 D (III-D, G) C (HI-B-2) 12 A (HI-A, D) 20 C (II-C) 28 E (III-D) B(I-G) 14 B(HI:D) 21 E (I-C) 29 E (III-G) C (I-A) 14 C (HI-:H) 22 C (I-D) 30 D (III-G) B (I-A) 15 C (III-A) 23 B (II-B) A (II-G) 16 A (II-B) 24 A (II-E) 17 C(L-D) 25 B(IV-C) Section Quantitative B(I-B) C (I-C) 10 C (IHI-:G) 18 B(H-E) 26 E(H-A) A (I-:B, C, H) 11 B(1HI-:AC) 19 E (II-E) 27 E (I-B) B (I-H) 12 A (HI-G) 20 €C (HI-A, HI:G) 28 C (I-F) G (HI:A) 13 C (II-C) 21 B (II-E) 29 D (II-B) B (1-B) 14 C (IHI-:G) 22 B (IV-C) 30 B (I-D) C (I-B) 15 D (III-G) 23 D (IV-B) B (dD 16 C (H-A) 24 B(IV-A) A(I-B, C, H) Model Test đôứzâ@ 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 22 23 24 25 Damme 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 SVawradgon 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 #m>>(%GEE 10 11 12 13 14 >âEÊZGđS>ằCGzCG= A &E D E D C A Gft?CrẽzC>>P ®èzẫOSaŒẦzmZC®œsCEgC> Section Analytical OD B D &E D C 2B 10 11 12 13 14 RPmoraane Section Analytical 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 #ẽøt€ŒEœSsECB5ES ?Z®S€ŒGœtPrgEœeCP — Sem NINnMNPWN SD Section Verbal 601 602 Model Test Answer Explanations A laurel wreath is the symbol of victory An olive branch is the symbol of peace Beware eye-catchers We may associate idleness with the notion of lying under a palm tree; however, this is not an essential or necessary relationship Section 1 B The use of but indicates that the dean’s attempt to keep control failed It did so because it was frustrated by the board of trustees None of the other possible actions of the board of trustees would necessarily have caused the dean’s attempt to fail (Symbol and Abstraction It Represents) 10 B Agitator (trouble-maker) is a synonym for firebrand Renegade (traitor) is a synonym for turncoat (Synonym) The dispute goes beyond or transcends mere ideas, for it influences the financial and profes- sional futures of the disputants Note the use of mere to downplay the importance of ideas to the essence of the dispute C D _E ll E The key phrase here 1s “move on.” If editors have to travel from firm to firm to succeed in their field, then publishing can be classified as an itinerant profession, a profession marked by traveling The physicists have had good reason to believe in the principle because it has survived rigorous or strict tests These tests have proved that the principle is accurate Note how the second clause supports the first, explaining why the physicists have had reason to be confident in the principle If Mrs Woolf combines both radical and nonradical elements in her fiction, then she pre- with ants, not anteaters (Defining Characteristic) 12 A The embittered benefactor thinks of the recipients as ingrates (ungrateful persons) because they not thank him sufficiently for his generosity He does not think of them as misers (hoarders of wealth): although they are stingy in expressing thanks, they are extravagant in spending money He certainly does not think of them as Jouts (clumsy oafs), prigs (self-right- 13 C gratitude, not cloddishness, self-satisfaction, or perfidy The field is cluttered by a welter or chaotic jumble of contradictory theories Choice A is incorrect While bonanza means abundance, it is an abundance of good things, a desired abundance Here the abundance of theories is undesired; it is a confusion, not a blessing D The playing field in football is called the gridiron The playing field in baseball is called the diamond (Defining Characteristic) Inoculation (introduction of a serum or vaccine into a living creature) results in immunity Exposure to the elements results in weathering (Cause and Effect) 14 C Someone dispassionate or temperate in judgment is lacking in partisanship or bias Someone intemperate or immoderate is lacking in moderation (Antonym Variant) eous fuss-budgets), or renegades (traitors): the specific attribute he resents in them 1s in- Someone callow is immature and will not reach full development till maturity Something incipient is beginning to become apparent and will not reach full development till fruition (Antonym Variant) sents an anomalous or contradictory image C A geologist studies rocks; gneiss is a type of rock A botanist studies plants; a zinnia is a type of plant Beware eye-catchers A meteorologist deals with weather and other atmospheric phenomena, not with asteroids and other astronomical phenomena Likewise, an entomologist deals 15 D Something gris/y or gruesome causes one to recoil or flinch Something heartrending or severely distressing Causes one to weep (Cause and Effect) 16 E A tocsin is the ringing of a bell that signals danger A knell is the ringing of a bell that signals death Beware eye-catchers Jocsin and toxin sound alike but are unrelated Similarly, beware tempting marginal relationships A clarion call of a trumpet may summon one to battle; it does not by definition so (Function) Model Test4 17 C 18 D 19 The author first establishes the general picture of unoriginal, passive Mary Shelley and then goes about demolishing it by bringing out just how innovative Shelley was in departing from the traditional model of the overreacher Thus, the author’s purpose is to rehabilitate Shelley’s literary reputation Choice A 1s incorrect Others have discounted Shelley’s contribution; this author esteems it Choice B is incorrect The author mentions, but does not trace, Shelley’s familiarity with the then current scientific and literary revolution Choice D is incorrect While the author deals with this question, she does so as part of her general attempt to reevaluate Shelley Choice E is incorrect It is unsupported by the passage Immediately before quoting Praz, the author states that the general view of Shelley depicts her as “a transparent medium through which passed the ideas of those around her.” The quotation from Praz provides an excellent example of this particular point of view To answer this question correctly, you not need to reread the passage in its entirety Quickly scan the passage for the name Praz; reread only the context in which it appears Choice E is incorrect The passage is con- cerned with learned behavior as well as instinctive or innate behavior Choice B is correct In lines 13-16, the author states that Lorenz and Tinbergen were, with Frisch, the founders of ethology (defined in the passage as the study of instinct) Choice A is incorrect Only Lorenz and Tinbergen are cited for their work with the eggrolling response in geese; nothing in the passage suggests that Frisch worked with eggrolling Choice C is incorrect It is unsupported by the passage Choice D is incorrect Behaviorists, not ethologists, are cited as favoring strictly controlled 22 conditions (lines 42- 44) Choice E is incorrect Nothing in the passage suggests the ethologists have invalidated the behaviorists’ approach 23 A The opening sentence points out that Shelley herself acknowledged the influence of her unplanned immersion in the scientific and literary revolutions of her time Clearly, the author of the passage concedes this as true of Shelley 20 The concluding paragraph distinguishes Frankenstein from the other overreachers in his desire not to extend his own life but to impart life to another (by creating his monster) Thus, his purpose is atypical of the traditional overreacher To say that someone parts from the traditional figure of the overreacher Is to say that he differs from it Thus, to answer this question quickly, scan the passage looking for overreacher and different (or their synonyms) 21 C esses) The discussion of these two theories 36-40) Therefore, you can eliminate Choice D Statement III is true Behaviorists assume ani- that follows explains the behavioral processes Choice A is incorrect The passage does not suggest that one behavioral theory is more effective than another Choice B is incorrect The passage sums up in their place Choice D is incorrect The passage presents Pavlov’s arguments in the course of explaining behaviorist psychology; it does not dispute them Choice A is correct What is remarkable about the goose’s response is that “‘at first glance [it] might seem to be a thoughtful solution to a problem.” This suggests that the appearance of purpose and intelligence 1s what makes the act remarkable or noteworthy Choice B is incorrect This is an aspect of the goose’s response; it is not what makes the goose’s response noteworthy It is not remarkable for an egg-rolling response to be triggered by an egg Choice C is incorrect The egg-rolling response supports ethological theories; it does not refute or disprove them Choice D is incorrect This is an aspect of the goose’s response, not what makes the goose’s response noteworthy Choice E is incorrect It is both inaccurate factually (the response lasts longer than four weeks) and not an aspect of the goose’s response that would be noteworthy Choice E is correct You can arrive at it by the process of elimination Statement I is true Behaviorists such as Pavlov worked with the unconditioned responses of animals Therefore, you can eliminate Choices B and C Statement II is untrue Imprinting is a term current among ethologists, not behaviorists (lines 24 Choice C is correct The opening sentence states that ethology and behaviorist psychology (two differing theories) illustrate the distinction between learning and instinct (behavioral proc- current theories; it does not propose a new one 603 mals act in order to obtain rewards or avoid punishments (shun negative stimuli) There- fore, you can eliminate Choice A Only Choice E is left It is the correct answer 25 E The author does not settle any arguments; he merely presents differing theories without attempting to resolve their differences Choice A is incorrect The author defines terms throughout the entire passage 604 Model Test Choice B 1s incorrect The author points out equivalents (functional parallels) between the two systems (lines 55-64) Choice C is incorrect The author refers to experimental studies involving both classical and operant conditioning Choice Dis incorrect The author uses the 32 A The opposite of fledgling or untried is experienced The image is of a young bird just capable of leaving the nest Think of “fledgling pilots trying their wings.” 33 D The opposite of insipidness or lack of flavor is example of beer bottles to illustrate what sort of convex objects evoke the egg-rolling response from geese (lines 27-29) 26 The trial-and-error method of experimentation Think of the “‘insipidness of overcooked boiled cabbage.” 34 B of the desired response but later rewards only increasingly precise behavior Thus, this method requires an increasing ginement of behavior from the experimental sOmeone Choice E 1s incorrect At the onset of the experiment, the experimenter rewards even par- 35 C 36 E Although the author reports that behaviorists view instinct as “irrelevant to learning,” his description of the egg-rolling process shows no such bias against the ethologists’ point of view 37 B The opposite of to sedate or tranquillize is to stimulate or arouse Beware eye-catchers Note the abundance of medical terms among the answer choices here Think of “sedating a restless patient.” 29 31 or composure) 1S agitation Word Parts Clue: Equ- means even; animmeans mind or spirit Equanimity is an evenness of mind; composure Think of “something shattering one’s equanimity.” The opposite of to anathematize or curse is to bless The opposite of moribund or approaching death 38 C The opposite of to distill or concentrate in purity is to adulterate or make impure (as by adding inessentials) Think of Section C “distilling strong brandy While all the answer choices are plausible goals for an anchorman, only one is acceptable The opposite of apathetic or indifferent is in light of the second clause: dispassion or calm Shaw’s maintenance of his composure is Word Parts Clue: A- means without; path- pitch of his voice enthusiastic means feeling Someone apathetic is without feeling; he or she does not care Think of “‘sadly apathetic voters.” 30 The opposite of equanimity (emotional balance Word Parts Clue: Mori- means die Moribund means dying Think of “ta moribund patient.” in an unbiased, dispassionate manner; the tone of his discussion 1s one of neutrality D apart 1s vital or full of life Instead, he focuses on pointing out correspondences between the two approaches to behavior 28 to set him Think of “‘anathematizing one’s foes.” tial performance of the desired behavior 21 C means Think of “sequestered jurors.” Choice A is incorrect Although both rewards and punishments may be used in operant conditioning, the animal does not have to be exposed to punishment for the experiment to succeed Choice B 1s; incorrect The experimenter asks for increasingly precise behavior Nothing sug- gests he or she gives increasingly greater rewards Choice D is incorrect Nothing suggests that the cues necessarily change The opposite of to sequester or segregate is to permit to mingle Word Parts Clue: Se- means apart To sequester first rewards the animal for even partial performance savoriness, the quality of being flavorsome The opposite of to dislodge or cause something to shift is to secure or fasten it in place Think of “dislodging a boulder” from its position The opposite of celibacy or chastity is promiscuity or indiscriminate sexual union Think of “vows of celibacy.” illustrated by his ability to maintain the normal € By definition, parasites sap or drain nutrients from their hosts The assiduous or diligent execution of one’s job would give one’s employer no cause for complaint D E Inconsistencies in a story would warrant or justify disbelief or incredulity on anyone’s part, whether or not he considered himself a skeptic (doubter) 610 Model Test “Cancel” or divide numerator and denomina- Observe that Alice, Betty, and Dorothy are this case, and x are such factors Note that x+x=l: AS UX Observe summary above tor by factors that will go evenly into both In KX available on any Monday Dorothy and Betty are available on any Thursday but Edith 1s available on all Thursdays except the first Thursday of the month Multiply together the remaining factors of the Observe summary Only Alice, Betty, and Edith are available on Fridays numerator to obtain the numerator of the answer, and multiply together the remaining factors of the denominator to obtain the denominator of the answer The argument states that gun control laws 21 | reduce violent crime; the evidence is a drop in armed robberies in one city This involves unwarranted generalizations (A, C), a failure to consider alternative explanations (B), and a possible failure to consider contrary evidence Simplify: 28 C The darkened line extends to the right of —3 (E) D, however, raises an objection to gun and includes —3 Therefore, the solution set control laws unrelated to either the validity of the evidence or the validity of the conclusion in the argument contains numbers greater than or equal to —3 The darkened line extends to the left of 5, but the open, unshaded dot at indicates that is not included in the solution set; therefore, numbers less than but not including are in the solution set If x stands for any member of the solution set, the two conditions above may be represented by -3 =x>(%GEE 10. .. Verbal C 11 C 21 A 31 C C 12 B 22 B 32 E 3, D 13 C 23 E 33 C E 14 D 24 D 34 E D 15 C 25 C 35 E C 16 E 26 A 36 D A 17 D 27 D 37 A C 18 E 28 A 38 C A 19 C 29 E 10 E 20 C 30 D B (I) 17 E(H-A) 25 C (II-E)... that particular question Section Verbal B 11 E 21 C 31 B B 12 A 22 B 32 A C 13 Cc 23 A 33 D D 14 C 24 E 34 B E 15 D 25 E 35 C C 16 E 26 C 36 E E 17 C 27 C 37 B D 18 D 28 D 38 C E 19 C 29 C 10 B 20